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This study empirically examines how graduate students' attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, knowledge, and acceptance of agro-business influence student intention to start agro-entrepreneurship and the moderating effect of gender and faculty on the relationship among the factors based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study adopted the cross-sectional design from 300 public university students. The results of the study revealed that attitude toward agro-entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control, and acceptance of agro-entrepreneurial exert a positive and significant effect on agro-entrepreneurial intention among university students. Moreover, the gender-based multiple group analysis revealed that male graduate students accept more agro-business than female students. Thus, policy makers can facilitate the promotion of agro-entrepreneurship among graduate students. Based on Theory of Planned Behavior, this study improves our understanding on university students' agro-entrepreneurial intention in Malaysia. Finally, the discussion, recommendations and conclusion of the study are discussed in the research paper.

As universities continually update and assess their curriculums, mainframe computing is quite often overlooked as it is often thought of as "legacy computer." Mainframe computing appears to be either uninteresting or thought of as a computer past its prime. However, both assumptions are leading to a shortage of IS professionals in the mainframe computing area. First, most large companies such as financial institutions have relied on mainframe computing for years and as many baby boomer mainframe workers reach retirement there is a growing need to fill these positions. Additionally, there is growing interest in many companies to turn to mainframe for their computing solutions. The mainframe technology is more reliable, cost effective and in today's environmentally conscience world, mainframes provide a "green" solution to the increased computing needs of many organizations. In this paper we make the case for adding mainframe content to the IS curriculum.

Developing Business Intelligence (BI) has been a top priority for enterprise executives in recent years. To meet these demands, universities need to prepare students to work with BI in enterprise settings. In this study, we considered a business simulator that offers students opportunities to apply BI and make top-management decisions in a system used by real-world professionals. The simulation-based instruction can be effective only if students are not discouraged by the difficulty of using the BI computer system and comprehending the complex BI subjects. Constructivist practices embedded in the business simulation are investigated to understand their potentials for helping the students to overcome the perceived difficulty. Consequently, it would enable instructors to more efficiently use the simulator by providing insights on its pedagogical practices. Our findings showed that the constructivist practices such as collaboration and subject integration positively influence active learning and meaningful learning respectively. In turn, both active learning and meaningful learning positively influence business intelligence motivational behavior. These findings can be further used to develop a robust learning environment in BI classes.

Although many instruments have been developed to measure organizational constructs such as citizenship, climate, and organization-based esteem, to date no scale has been designed specifically to measure efficacy at the organizational level. Tools to measure organizational efficacy in a business context have been recommended for over two decades. This research developed an instrument to assess organizational efficacy, an extension of the theory of self-efficacy and group-level efficacy in two studies. The first study included employees of seven organizations to test divergent and convergent validity of the Organizational Efficacy Scale with existing instruments. The second study combined 22 organizations (n = 886) to validate the instrument statistically. The scale demonstrated appropriate levels of convergent and discriminant validity with existing instruments. The final 17 items displayed high reliability and supported a three-factor solution predicted by efficacy theory around the factors of collaboration, sense of mission, and sense of resilience. Additional psychometric properties for goodness of fit were acceptable. (Contains 2 tables.)

Abstract Providing quality service is the major concern of many public organizations. However, the way to provide immediate service (responsiveness), the capacity to deliver on promises of accurate and consistent service (reliability), the degree of trust and confidence of students in the service provided by the college (assurance), the physical appearances of the service that the college offers (tangibility) and understanding the needs of students in the college are not as such potential. Thus, the study aims to investigate the effect of a quality service system on student satisfaction in Business and Economics College, University of Gondar. An explanatory research design with a quantitative research approach was employed to address the specified objectives. The population of the study was 6323 and out of these, 376 samples were drawn through stratified random sampling technique. Of 376 self-administer questionnaires, 263 were valuable for this analysis. One of the objectives of the study was to understand the dominant service quality dimension. The finding of the mean score of SERVQUAL dimensions portrays that students are less satisfied with dimension responsiveness (M = 2.31), which implies that the way students get an immediate response for their need showed very low followed by dimension empathy (M = 2.63) i.e., the willingness of staff to support or help students, spontaneous care and concern of staff to student’s needs, is lower, whereas with tangibles, assurance, and reliability are better. The PLS-SEM analysis result confirmed that tangibility and assurance has a significant effect but other service quality dimensions are not.

This study developed, validated, and tested the reliability of the flourishing scale for Filipino older adults. The exploratory sequential mixed methods approach and the purposive snowball sampling technique were utilized. The study revealed nine themes: life triumphs, activities, attitude, relationships, emotions, resources, life purpose, life lessons, and spirituality. These served as bases for the nine items developed, constituting the flourishing scale. The scale evaluation revealed an I-CVI > 0.78 and S-CVI/Ave = 0.943, which indicated excellent content validity with all items maintained. For reliability testing, Cronbach’s alpha analysis yielded α = .865, indicating a reliable and acceptable scale. Recommendations to utilize the flourishing scale for Filipino older adults are provided in nursing practice and nursing education.

Rapid digitalization and explosive growth of e-commerce have elevated the need for effective supply chain and logistics management in the online retail sector. Consequently, third-party logistics (3PL) providers are becoming indispensable to online retailers as a way to satisfy customers’ demands for prompt and dependable deliveries. The study is aimed at identifying major drivers ruling merchants’ satisfaction with third-party logistics from e-commerce perspectives. A set of multifaceted factors are investigated in this study that encourage retailers to employ third-party logistics rather than their own fleets. This study is quantitative in nature where 250 respondents are chosen on the basis of the random sampling method. In organizing and constructing factors, demographic statistics, and factor analysis are used respectively. In analyzing data and testing the hypothesis, the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach is applied using SMART PLS-4 software. The findings of this study can be a basis for third-party logistics providers to optimize their logistics services and design marketing and operational programs to enhance partnerships with their clients. Moreover, this research provides important insights into the continuous endeavor to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the e-commerce sector in developing countries.

Ethnocentrism refers to consumers’ tendencies to favor products and services that are produced in their own country over those produced in foreign countries. The consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies scale (CETSCALE) was developed to assess consumers’ buying behavior towards foreign-made products. The current study examines the psychometric features of the CETSCALE’s Arabic edition. The scale was first rendered into Arabic utilizing the well-established back-translation process. An online version of the translated CETSCALE was administered to 703 Saudi participants. Both the reliability and validity of the scale were examined, and a two-dimensional structure of the scale was confirmed. Measurement invariance across gender was examined and the robustness of the results was confirmed using a network psychometrics approach. Findings indicate that the Arabic version of the CETSCALE is psychometrically vigorous and can be confidently utilized to examine adult Arab consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies.

Purpose: This research examines the reliability of a developed questionnaire intended for use in a large-scale application. Also, existing literature has underscored the relationship between Business Innovation and Technology Adoption in the performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Libya. Also, SMEs encounter various challenges that impede their growth and success, including constraints related to capital and business development. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study used SPSS software to analyze demographic attributes and internal consistency validity and validate all constructs as determine Pearson’s correlations. Findings: The results revealed that 50% of respondents were owners and 50% were managers. Internal consistency reliability ranged from 0.961 to 0.974, indicating strong consistency across all components. Specifically, reliability coefficients were 0.961 for Strategic Planning, 0.966 for Business Innovation, 0.961 for Technology Adoption, 0.968 for Sustainable Development, and 0.974 for SMEs. Pearson’s correlations ranged from 0.961 to 0.974, confirming the validation of all questionnaire elements with Cronbach's alpha coefficients predominantly exceeding 0.6, a widely accepted threshold among researchers. Implications/Originality/Value: The results support advancing the study to broader testing and analysis phases.

Transcendence in the workplace is an individual's sense of connectedness to colleagues and the larger community through the perception of work as a service for the common good that generates a sense of completeness and fulfillment. To analyze it, a measuring instrument is needed that can measure this. This study aims to adapt transcendence at work measuring instruments and test the psychometric properties to be tested on Muslim workers in Indonesia. This measuring instrument has been confirmed suitable for use in Hindu workers in India, but there have been no studies that test this measuring instrument on Muslim workers. The concept of transcendence which is quite attached to the teachings of Islam makes researchers interested in conducting this research. The transcendence at work measuring instrument developed by Khari and Sinha consists of 3 dimensions and 12 items that can measure transcendence in the workplace. The process of adapting measuring instruments refers to the International Test Commission. This study involved 200 Muslim workers in Indonesia. The reliability tests used are alpha Cronbach and CFA to measure construct validity. It was found that all items in the transcendence at work measuring instrument can measure transcendence in the workplace in Muslim workers in Indonesia.

This paper aims to estimate the effect of the reliability of financial statements on listed firms’ performance in Vietnam, especially on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange, from 2015 to 2022. Based on International Financial Reporting Standards, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and theories, reliability is a key attribute of information quality in financial statements. Besides, using the quantitative method of feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), the findings show that reliability positively affects listed firms’ performance with a confidence interval of 95%. On the platform of agency theory, the reliability of financial statements is considered a tool to fulfill the duties and responsibilities of managers and the board of directors to external users, while stakeholder theory considers the advantages of the disclosure of reliable financial statements in terms of gaining performance.

Quando o presenteísmo foi introduzido, tratava-se de uma questão limitada ao fato das pessoas irem trabalhar mesmo doentes. Nos últimos anos, no entanto, surgiram outras perspectivas, defendendo que também deve ser considerado presenteísmo todo assunto que não esteja necessariamente relacionado à atividade laboral, mas que possa ter efeito sobre o desempenho do trabalhador ou incorra em alguma ação durante o horário de trabalho. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo redefinir o conceito de presenteísmo no âmbito dos comportamentos dos trabalhadores da área da saúde e contribuir para a literatura, oferecendo uma escala para sua mensuração. O estudo foi realizado com 431 profissionais de saúde em nove hospitais públicos e quatro hospitais privados/fundacionais. O presenteísmo foi associado positivamente ao esgotamento profissional e negativamente com a felicidade no trabalho. Pessoas mais jovens mostraram comportamentos de presenteísmo mais elevados do que as pessoas mais velhas e do que aquelas que trabalhavam nove horas ou mais por dia. A escala foi aplicada a profissionais de saúde, mas apresenta um desenho estrutural que pode ser aplicado em outras áreas.

Stereotip, bireyin, bir grup insanın özellikleri hakkında sahip olduğu olumlu veya olumsuz inançlar kümesi olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu araştırmayla Saemann ve Crooker (1999) tarafından Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki üniversite öğrencileri arasında muhasebe mesleğinin algılarını ölçmek için geliştirilen ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışmaları yapılarak Türk kültürüne uyarlanması ve öğrencilerin algılarıyla muhasebeci stereotiplerinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, ölçek uyarlama amacıyla ilgili akademisyenlerden görüş alınmıştır. Bu amaçla hazırlan uzman değerlendirme formunda, ölçekte bulunan her bir soru için, “madde hedeflenen yapıyı ölçmektedir”, “madde yapı ile ilişkili ancak yetersizdir/gereksizdir” ya da “madde hedeflenen yapıyı ölçmemektedir” şeklinde üçlü bir ölçek oluşturulmuştur. Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) yapılmış ve KMO .82 ve Barlett testi χ2 değeri ise (395, N = 441) = 706.066, p < .05, (χ²/df = 1.79, GFI = .90, NFI = 91, TLI = .96, CFI = .96 ve RMSEA = .04 olarak anlamlı düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca toplam varyansın % 61.10’unu açıklayan, orijinal ölçekteki gibi, dört faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Orijinal ölçekten farklı olarak faktör maddeleri farklı dağılmışlardır. Ancak dilsel, kültürel ve toplumsal değişkenliklerden dolayı, kaynak ve hedef formda böyle bir farklılığın oluşması beklenen bir durumdur. Bu nedenle faktör adları dağılan maddelere göre yeniden adlandırılmıştır. Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) uyum indekslerine bakıldığında GFI = .90, NFI = 91, TLI = .96, CFI = .96 ve RMSEA = .04 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak Muhasebeci Stereotipileri Ölçeğinin Türkiye’de uyarlanmaya çalışıldığı grupta, orijinal kültürdeki yapısına uygun şekilde çalıştığı söylenebilir.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of service quality dimensions consisting of Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy variables on student satisfaction at STIE AUB Surakarta. Respondents in this study were students at STIE AUB Surakarta. The analysis tool uses logistic regression. The sampling technique used is a random sampling technique. The consequences of the examination show that physical assets have a critical constructive outcome on fulfillment. Unwavering quality has a huge adverse consequence on understudy fulfillment. Responsiveness has a critical constructive outcome on understudy fulfillment. Confirmation has a huge beneficial outcome on fulfillment. Compassion has a huge beneficial outcome on fulfillment. The managerial implication of this result is that the management of STIE AUB Surakarta must increment the positive and huge factors that influence understudy fulfillment, namely the Tangibles, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy variables, and reduce the variables that have a negative and significant effect, namely the Reliability variable so that the credibility of STIE AUB remains awake.

This study aims to determine and analyze (1) the partial effect of e-service quality (website design, reliability, responsiveness, security/privacy, fulfillment, personalization, information, and empathy) on Grab Application users in Kupang City and (2) the effect of e-service quality (website design, reliability, responsiveness, security/privacy, fulfillment, personalization, information, and empathy) simultaneously on Grab Application users in Kupang City. The number of samples is 100 respondents, and the sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive quantitative, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing through t-tests and F-test using the SPSS 26 application. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the respondents gave a very good perception of the e-service quality implemented by Grab. The results of the t-test and F-test show that, partially and simultaneously, e-service quality (website design, reliability, responsiveness, security/privacy, fulfillment, personalization, information, empathy) has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Based on the adjusted R2 value, it shows the contribution of the e-service quality variable to customer satisfaction, which is 89.4%, and 10.6% is influenced by other variables outside the focus of this study. The other variable is efficiency, which can be taken into consideration by further researchers in addition to the existing variables. Keywords: e-Service Quality; Website Design; Reliability; Responsiveness; Security/Privacy; Fulfillment; Personalization; Information; Empathy; Customer Satisfaction

The reliability of test scores is the extent to which they are consistent across different occasions of testing, different editions of the test, or different raters scoring the test taker’s responses. Popular and commonly used reliability assessment approaches in Nigeria and in the field of management are the use of Cronbach alpha and Test-retest reliability tests for instrument reliability. Despite these, there are different types of reliabilities which are less reported in the field of management in the Nigeria academia. Based on this, the study reviewed various approaches and types of reliability test commonly utilised in Management sciences. The study used an exploratory research technique and relied on information from previous studies and publications, including journals, textbooks, periodicals, and the internet. The paper explored all of the pertinent concerns surrounding quantitative research instrument reliability and reviewed test reliability which include but not limited to: “alternate-forms reliability,” “inter-rater reliability,” “internal consistency,” “reliability coefficient,” “classification consistency,” with illustrations. It was concluded that reliability testing must be properly performed in order to do successful quantitative research.

This study's goal is to look at the impact of accounting information systems on the performance of Lebanese Banks. This research examines the relevance of using the Accounting Information System (AIS) obtained by Accounting Software (AS) to achieve business success for the owners and management of the organization. Accounting software features such as efficiency; accuracy; dependability; data quality; and simplicity of use are used in this study as a predictor of bank performance. The data for this study was gathered by a survey that included 100 responses from employees of 35 Lebanese commercial banks, which were then studied. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 20) was used to perform correlation and multilinear regression analyses on the data. Efficiencies, dependability, and simplicity of use all correlated positively with bank performance, but data quality and accuracy negatively related to bank performance.

The study explored the influence of service quality dimensions on customer satisfaction in the Nigerian banking industry. A collection of four hundred (400) customers of sixteen Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) quoted in the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) that operates in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria were given questionnaires for the study, out of which three hundred and sixty seven (367) were found fit in testing the formulated hypotheses. Data collected through questionnaires administration were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical instruments. Findings from the study show that service quality tangibility and reliability are statistically insignificant with customer satisfaction within the quoted DMBs in Nigeria. The study recommends that management of DMBs should enhance the appearance of staff, communication materials, physical facilities and equipment among others. Also, banks management and staff should provide adequate procedures to perform their promise service dependably and accurately.

Literatürde statü kaygısını ölçmeye yönelik olarak tek maddeye dayalı ve çok genel bir ölçü kullanılmaktadır. Karmaşık psikolojik yapıları ölçmek için tek bir maddenin kullanılması, ölçüm aracının kapsam geçerliliği ve güvenilirliği açısından yeterli görülmemektedir. Literatürdeki bu boşluğu kapatmak ve bu yapıyı sağlam güvenirlik ve geçerlik göstergeleriyle ölçebilmek için Day ve Fiske (2016) tarafından İngilizce olarak kısa bir “Statü Kaygısı Ölçeği” geliştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı Day ve Fiske (2016) tarafından geliştirilen statü kaygısı ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlaması, çeviri, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılarak Türkçe yazınına kazandırılmasıdır. Bu maksatla KKTC’deki 323 akademisyenden veri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 23 ve AMOS 18 programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular statü kaygısı ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırmanın ileride statü kaygısına yönelik yapılacak çalışmalara kaynak teşkil edeceği değerlendirilmektedir.

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of managers' behavioral bias on decision-making and information quality. The research sample consists of 161 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 2013 to 2019. To test the hypotheses, multivariate regression method and panel data model are used.Results show that a manager overconfidence reduces the reliability of financial information and timely presentation of information. Managers' narcissism also reduces the reliability of financial statements and causes a delay in financial statements submission. Myopic managers, who expect a position and point in a short term, manipulate accounting profits and reduce the reliability of financial information; however, this behavioral feature does not affect the timely presentation of information. The findings also show that managers' overconfidence has a significant positive relationship with the level of cash holdings and excessive investment. Managers' narcissism also leads to an increase in the level of cash holdings, but does not have a significant effect on over-investment. Managers' myopia also has a significant negative effect on investment expenditures, but has no effect on the level of cash holdings.

Abstract The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the perceived quality of electronic banking services and its relationship with the customers' satisfaction of Tejarat Bank of Mazandaran province. This research is applicable in terms of purpose, and descriptive-correlative in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research was all the customers of Tejarat Bank in Mazandaran province. Considering that the statistical population of the present study is unlimited, the sample size of the study was 384 people based on Morgan's table. In this research, 384 questionnaires were distributed among customers by available sampling method. Structural equations and Lisrel were used in data analysis. The findings of the research indicate that the perceived electronic service quality of electronic banking has a relationship with customer satisfaction with an impact factor of 0.67. Ultimately, it can be said that the dimensions of the perceived electronic service quality of electronic banking according to the strength of the relationship with Customer satisfaction includes: physicality, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Extended Abstract Introduction The advent of the Internet has created easy access and relatively cost-effective communication between companies and customers, and has provided an opportunity to use information technology to support customer service (Sharma & Sharma, 2021). The quality of services provided on websites leads to an increase in the level of customer satisfaction and consequently leads to customer trust and loyalty (Ebrahimzadeh Ganji et al, 2016). The concept of e-services has been increasingly considered by researchers and practitioners as one of the key determinants in e-commerce (Akhtarian, 2019). Banks play a decisive role in the administration of countries and are considered as one of the most important tools for the growth and development of countries. By attracting liquidity and granting facilities, banks can play an effective role in economic growth and development. Economists have different opinions about the importance of banks in economic development (Suseno & Muthohar, 2018). The customer is one of the key topics in the development of the banking industry. The customer is the motivating factor of the dynamics and stimulation of the banking system, and customers are very important as the axis of the banking system and the driving force of institutions active in this industry (Aisyah, 2018). Many researchers have emphasized the importance of customers, and banks have also realized that they depend on their customers to a large extent (Bahrinizadeh et al, 2018). Customer satisfaction is an important factor in helping banks to maintain their competitive advantage, and its increase is a significant achievement in the new banking system in the world (Sadiq & Adil, 2021). According to the mentioned materials, the main problem of the research is whether there is a significant relationship between the quality of electronic banking and the satisfaction of the customers of Tejarat Bank of Mazandaran province. Theoretical framework Service quality is defined as "the difference between the expectations of customers before using the organization's services and the image they have about the services received". The meaning of the understanding of service quality is the consumer's perception of the desired services of a company. Service quality can be defined as the general attitude or judgment of customers about the services received (Yu et al, 2019). Customer satisfaction is achieved when the company's performance can meet the customer's expectations. If the performance is less than the expectations, the customer will be dissatisfied; and if it is equal to the expectations, he will be satisfied (Hassanzadeh, 2019). If the performance exceeds expectations, he will be very happy and cheerful. The success of all organizations and institutions, whether production or service, profit or non-profit, governmental or non-governmental, is influenced by several factors, one of the most important of which is customer satisfaction in order to achieve excellence in business (Teimouri & Goodarzvand Chegini, 2018). Gogo & Jyoti (2020) in their research investigated how the quality of electronic services affects the satisfaction and loyalty of customers in the tourism industry. They came to the conclusion that the understanding of services causes a kind of satisfaction in people, which leads to commitment and loyalty in customers. Veloso et al. (2020) in their research on online retail sales in Portugal concluded that the level of customer service quality perception in online business has a positive effect on their attitudinal loyalty and will stabilize their overall loyalty. Research methodology The current research is applicable in terms of purpose, and descriptive in terms of data analysis of correlation type (structural equation modeling). The statistical population of this research was all the customers of Tejarat Bank in Mazandaran province. Considering that the statistical population of the present study is unlimited, the sample size of the study was 384 people based on Morgan's table. In this research, 384 questionnaires were distributed among customers using available sampling method. In order to collect data, the standard questionnaire of perceived quality of electronic services was used by Parasuraman et al. (2005). This questionnaire included 21 items and five components: physicality, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. Customer satisfaction variable was analyzed based on Chen (2005) standard questionnaire. This variable included 4 items and was used based on a 5-point Likert scale (completely agree to completely disagree). Research findings In order to investigate the research hypothesis and analyze the information, structural equations and Lisrel were used, and the results showed that the perceived quality of electronic services from electronic banking had a relationship with customer satisfaction with an impact factor of 0.67. Ultimately, it can be said that the dimensions of electronic service quality perceived from electronic banking according to the strength of relationship with customer satisfaction are: physicality, reliability, responsiveness, guarantee and empathy. Conclusion The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the perceived quality of electronic banking services and its relationship with the satisfaction of customers of Tejarat Bank of Mazandaran province. The results of this research are consistent with the findings of Veloso et al. (2020), Khodadad Hosseini et al. (2019), Hooshmandi et al, (2020), and Seyed Alipour (2018); as long as bank transactions are highly secure, customers trust the bank more easily and this will make them satisfied with using the services of this bank (Shared, 2019). At the same time, when the privacy of the customers is well protected in the bank and the customers are sure that the bank will not misuse their personal information, the customers will communicate better with the bank and their satisfaction levels will increase subsequently (Akhtarian, 2019). ). The level of security of using banking services is high and customers will use the services of this bank better and more often. On the other hand, the bank provides clear explanations of the security of its customers' information (Egala et al, 2021). According to the present research, it is suggested that the loyal customers of the bank who have significant and large financial transactions should be identified and while rewarding them, these activities should be publicized in the media in order to encourage customers to commit more to the bank. Bank managers should make a continuous effort to improve the personality and image of the bank's brand name by using various measures such as positive social activities for the benefit of the society. One of the ways to improve customer satisfaction can be mentioned giving importance to customer complaints. Most of the customers do not bother to complain and sometimes even the inappropriate behavior and threat of the employee does not allow them to protest and they continue on their way. Therefore, the bank should make plans and measures to find the cause of dissatisfaction and also to solve the identified problems.

In recent decades, process safety control and process safety risk assessment have become very attractive topics. The way control is carried out, using tools such as HAZOP, FMEA, FTA, and similar is not sufficient to adequately prevent or control accidents with serious consequences in the process industry. The need to analyze the causes of the causes themselves, with special emphasis on the impact of organizational factors has arisen. This research results in the development of an original, reliable, and valid measuring instrument for assessing organizational factors important for risk assessment methodologies in working with pressure equipment. The initial instrument was designed based on the previous research and then checked by statistical analysis, using the Kaiser-Meyerto-Olkin test, exploratory factor, and reliability analysis. The proposed instrument has reduced 71 to 48 dimensions, describing 10 organizational factors important for risk management of pressure equipment. Providing a valid and reliable measurement instrument is essential for a proactive approach, which enables managers employed in the organization to mitigate the risks of pressure equipment operation, and prevent accidents. The proposal of further research is the application of confirmatory factor analysis or/and structural equation modeling on data collected.

AbstractThe nature of work and working habits are changing in this modern era, making work more demanding and impacting personal life. This creates work-life balance. A work-life balance (WLB) is an ability to manage both the spheres of life, such as work and personal life. The various factors, such as personal, social, and work-related aspects, broadly influence an individual’s work-life balance. Based upon the nature of the work study has been conducted in the Insurance sector. The study aimed to construct and standardize the work-life balance scale using validity and reliability; this study used the stratified random technique of three hundred employees from eighteen private Insurance sector companies. Responses were collected using a structured work-life balance questionnaire with six contributory factors. The research intention behind the study was to standardize the work-life balance tool by ensuring its reliability and validity. A reliability test was conducted using Cronbach’s alpha. Factors have been derived based upon segmentation theory, spill over theory, ladder theory, resource drain theory, compensation theory, congruence theory and enrichment theory. It showed 0.81; in composite reliability, all the factors of work-life balance, such as nature of work, work flexibility, workload, compensation, organizational support, and personal life, were more than 0.7. The tool was validated using construct, content, and exploratory and confirmatory factors. This study will be helpful to further researchers to use the validated tool, especially in Insurance and related sectors, to measure the level of WLB.

AbstractThis paper investigates the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the Ethical Leadership Scale across five field studies. The Portuguese ELS (P-ELS) was compared with subscales of a reduced version of the Ethical Leadership at Work questionnaire to check convergent validity (CFI = .95; TLI = .95; RMSEA = .06) and with subscales of organizational justice scale to confirm discriminant validity (all r

Purpose: The paper focuses on identification of variables affecting management leading to reliability and retention of virtual teams. Methodology/Approach: The data were collected globally from 323 managers working with virtual teams; members were hired and worked fully virtually with team members from different countries and time zones. Respondents were from all continents. The data were evaluated by tested by reliability tests and two and multidimensional statistics (Spearman’s correlation, principal component and factor analysis). Findings: Empowerment and encouraging were proven as variables significantly affecting management of virtual teams’ reliability. Variables leading to employee retention are communication, performance appraisal, career plans, training and leadership/supervision to overcome barriers. Efficient management in virtual environment is significantly related to policies and career possibilities. Over 20% of managers are incompetent to work with virtual teams. The main threat leading to failure of virtual teams is burn out based on social distancing. Research Limitation/Implication: Limitation of the study is the first approach to the virtual teams’ management only focusing on ICT employees. The findings revealed significant relations leading to virtual operations impacting employees’ performance, reliability and retention. Originality/Value of paper: This paper provides an insight into the importance of innovative approach to virtual teams, as virtual employees may strive with low social contact and less support from organization.

El presente estudio muestra una experiencia exploratoria de validación de un instrumento de medición del nivel de cultura financiera en la Generación Millenial. El instrumento se elaboró con base en 25 ítems de acuerdo con la Escala de Likert, dirigido a universitarios en el último año de carrera y recién egresados. Por medio de la validez de contenido por 16 jueces expertos y el análisis factorial se logró realizar un ejercicio exploratorio de validez de contenido, permitiendo establecer un análisis de cada uno de los ítems con base en el nivel de cultura financiera. El grado de confianza del instrumento obtenido mediante el Alpha de Cronbach, arrojó un estadístico de (0.681), por lo que se establece que cuenta con un nivel (0.592) de confianza, lo que significa que el contenido del instrumento puede ser empleado para la recogida de datos.|| The present study shows an exploratory experience of validation of an instrument for measuring the level of financial culture in the Millennial Generation. The instrument was developed based on 25 items in accordance with the Likert Scale, aimed at university students in the last year of the degree and recent graduates. Through the validity of content by 16 expert judges and the factor analysis, an exploratory exercise of content validity was achieved, allowing an analysis of each of the items to be established based on the level of financial culture. The degree of reliability of the instrument obtained through Cronbach's Alpha, showed a statistic of (0.681), so it is established that it has a level (0.592) of reliability, which means that the content of the instrument can be used for data collection.

The purpose of the present paper is to highlight the importance of using composite materials in the wind energy industry. As alternative renewable energy becomes a growing problem worldwide, investments in technologies such as solar and wind energy are growing significantly. Wind energy is a key source of renewable energy that produces electricity with very little greenhouse gas production. It is based on very high capacity wind turbines, which must be powerful and efficient. This means longer and lighter blades that are still stiff enough to withstand strong wind conditions. Carbon and glass fibre casting technology enables the production of long, light and powerful wind turbine blades, enabling a higher degree of efficiency in what has become a stable worldwide energy supply framework. The future use of these technologies will allow the development of higher capacity wind turbines, leading to a higher degree of adoption of wind power generation worldwide.

Este trabajo se sitúa en el sector de las aerolíneas de bajo costo. El objetivo fue indagar en pasajeros de aerolíneas de bajo costo en México sobre la satisfacción como variable mediadora entre la capacidad de respuesta y la confiabilidad y entre la lealtad y las intenciones de comportamiento. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal, descriptivo, correlacional y no probabilístico. Como técnica de análisis estadístico se usó la modelación estructural con mínimos cuadrados parcializados. De acuerdo con los resultados, se destacan tres vínculos: 1) confiabilidad y satisfacción; 2) satisfacción y lealtad; y 3) satisfacción e intenciones de comportamiento. La relación directa entre confiabilidad y lealtad resultó no significativa.

The study aimed to analyze the influence of brand image, tangible, reliability, and service portofolio on the customer satisfaction of Simpedes saving at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Kudus Branch Office. Data collection method used purposive sampling technique, with samples from 100 respondents. The analysis model used in this research is Linear Regression Analysis Model while the data analysis techniques using the F test, t test and the coefficient of determination (R2). In addition, it also tests the quality of the data in the form of test validity and reliability, as well as a classical assumption test normality test, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test. Test data indicate that the data is valid and reliable and free from irregularities classical assumptions. The analysis and discussion showed that brand image, tangible, reliability, and service portofolio simulataniously significant influence on the customer satisfaction of Simpedes saving in PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Branch Office Kudus. Variable brand image, tangible, reliability, and service portofolio partially significant influence customer satisfaction of Simpedes saving in PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Branch Office Kudus.

This research aims to identify factors - factors the quality of service that consists of tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy to customer satisfaction PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Tengah Branch Office of Kudus. The population of this research is all of the customers at PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Tengah Branch Office of Kudus. The sampling technique uses the Accidental Sampling Method amounting to 100 customers. The data used in this research is the primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis model uses the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Model. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques use the Statistical F Test, Coefficient of Determination (R2), and statistical t-Test. The results of t test are obtained the effect of variable responsiveness, assurance and empathy that significantly influence customer satisfaction of PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Tengah Kudus Branch Office. Meanwhile reliability and tangible have no significant effect. In F test, it is found that the dimension of ATM Service quality tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy simultaneously have significant effect on the satisfaction of customers of the Central Java Regional Development Bank of the Branch Office

Abstract Cognition and affect have had stretched history of influencing the buying behaviour of an individual. The change in one of the dimensions leads to some proportionate change in corresponding factor, and a number of research studies have been carried out to ascertain the role of cognition and affect in consumer decision making. But most of the studies lack the evidence of scientific reliability and validity and nature of itemization in previous scales/papers has not been comprehensive as well. In the current endeavour, application of exploratory factor analysis and structure equation modelling has significantly tested the reliability and validity measures needed for impulsive buying scale that would largely facilitate different stake holders. This paper explores the process for how highly reliable and valid indicators of cognition and affect have been developed. The research design employed was a mixture of both exploratory and descriptive approaches that assisted author in classifying factors along with underlying items. Structured questionnaire was employed for the collection of data from the respondents. For validation and development of the modified scale, a set of reliable and scientific tools were employed included. Overall findings revealed that the instrument is vastly consistent and possesses both discriminant and convergent validity. Additionally, other reliability forms are on higher side which sustains the reliability of the scale. The current study will have larger credibility for researchers in the area of organizational behaviour, consumer behaviour and in other interdisciplinary areas.

This study outlines the process followed in the development of the General Emotional Labor Scale-English (GELS-E). The scale construction process was divided into different phases. The first phase entailed the item generation and the second phase was the pilot study. Phase three and four dealt with developing the norms and establishing the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of the final 30 items. It can be concluded that the GELS-E was developed as a measure that can be used by researchers to assess emotional labor in professionals. Such a measure of emotional labor can prove to be beneficial for researchers and organizations alike. It can be used to understand the performance and effects of emotional labor and arrange trainings needed to help employees with the performance of emotional labor.

The level of online shopping in Indonesia has been increasing since its inception, especially due to the COVID-19 pandemic which has caused a more significant increase. In addition to the quality of supporting applications, service quality in the form of timeliness in delivery and suitability of goods ordered by consumers are also important aspects that need to be considered by businesses that use the Electronic Commerce (E-commerce) platform. This study aims to examine the effect of system quality, information quality, and reliability on user satisfaction of Mobile Commerce (M-commerce), the effect of user satisfaction on the intention to use M-commerce continually, and the role of user experience in strengthening the relationship between user satisfaction and intention to use M-Commerce continually. We used 196 M-commerce consumers who conducted online shopping within three months (April-June 2020) as samples. Hypothesis was tested using PLS-SEM. The findings prove that customer satisfaction is not only determined by technological factors such as system quality, but also customer value, such as service accuracy in delivering products. Furthermore, this study has a practical contribution whether understanding individual behavior in M-commerce adoption can be an effective tool to help decision makers develop superior strategies to compete in the digital era and can be used to make policies.

BACKGROUND: Self-employed workers have largely been missing from research in work and occupational health. There are hardly any questionnaires that measure the specific problems and stressors of the self-employed. Recently the Work and Well-Being Inventory (WBI) (in Dutch: VAR-2) was normal and validated for the self-employed. However, a scale that measures the suitability as an entrepreneur was still lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of a new developed WBI-scale for self-employed workers (entrepreneurs) to assess the suitability as an entrepreneur. METHODS: The new developed entrepreneurship scale consisted of 15 items divided among 4 subscales: entrepreneurial attitude (4 items), management skills (3 items), entrepreneurial resilience (5 items), and financial health (3 items). We conducted a cross-sectional study, including 676 self-employed workers (business owners, liberal professions, and medical practitioners). Data was used to calculate the test-retest reliability, construct validity, concurrent validity, and incremental validity. Concurrent validity was calculated against external measures of stress and job demands. RESULTS: Business owners obtained the highest mean score on the entrepreneurship scale, followed by liberal professions and medical practitioners. Cronbach's alpha was good for the full scale and sufficient for two subscales. Confirmatory factor analyses showed an excellent fit of the bi-factor model. We found a negative correlation between the entrepreneurship scale and the external measures of stress and job demands. CONCLUSIONS: The new developed entrepreneurship scale provides a good reliable and valid instrument to assess psychosocial risks factors in self-employed workers. The scale can help medical advisors to assess psychosocial risk factors that make self-employed workers at risk of work disability or sickness absence. More research is needed to investigate the predictive validity of the scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of website design, reliability, time saved, product variety, and delivery performance towards customer satisfaction in the Indonesian e-commerce industry. The instrument for collecting the data is using the questionnaire. The number of samples that obtained in this study is 200 samples, in which, 15 of them should be omitted since those questionnaires weren’t filled properly, resulted in a total of 185 samples being deemed usable and used for this study. The data were analyzed using PLS-SEM Method. The results of this study found reliability, time saved, product variety, and delivery performance has positive and significant effect toward customer satisfaction, in which product variety has the highest effect toward customer satisfaction among the other variables. However, this study also found out that there is no significant effect between website design and customer satisfaction. This study further suggests that company specializing in the e-commerce industry should always enhance their product and services to their customer, in which customers will be satisfied, thus increasing their likeliness to repeat their purchasing experience on the company in the future. Bahasa Indonesia Asbtrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengetahui secara mendalam pengaruh desain website,keandalan, penghematan waktu, variasi produk, dan kinerja pengiriman terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada industri e-commerce di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, dimana, kuesioner digunakan sebagai instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data. Sebanyak 200 responden berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini, dimana, 15 kuesioner harus dibuang karena pengisian yang tidak lengkap. Dengan demikian, sebanyak 185 data yang valid dan reliabel digunakan untuk selanjutnya digunakan dan diproses pada penelitian ini. Seluruh data diolah dengan menggunakan metode partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data, diperoleh hasil bahwa reliability, time saved, product variety, and delivery performance memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, dimana, variabel product variety memiliki pengaruh yang paling besar terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dibandingkan dengan beberapa variabel yang lain. Sementara itu, hasil pengolahan data pada penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa website design tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Berdasarkan hasil ini, maka peneliti ingin merekomendasikan kepada seluruh perusahaan Indoesia yangn bergerak di bidang e-commerce untuk dapat terus meningkatkan performa perusahaan berkaitan dengan kualitas produk dan jasanya kepada pelanggan, dengan harapan bahwa hal ini dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan serta meningkatkan intensi pelanggan untuk dapat mengulangi aktivitas pembelian terhadap perusahaan tersebut di masa mendatang.

Introduction. During the last years the question of financial stability gets priority attention of research workers in the whole world. Financial stability of banks for so many years is the article of scientific discussions of experts of the world. Analysis of theoretical works in which thoroughly essence and maintenance of concept «financial stability» and «financial instability» opens up testifies to absence of the unique steps of determination these important economic categories. It results in equation of these concepts with others and complicates the analysis of criteria, also there is a description of essence of category «financial stability of bank». It is an urgent necessity the presence of the self-weighted and grounded for determination of essence of financial bank stability which will lean against a certain scientific and theoretical base. Purpose. A research purpose is an improvement of concept idea and deepening of scientific and theoretical aspects in relation to an ambiguousness in understanding of essence of financial banking stability. Results. Investigational financial stability of bank, its essence and value. Two schools are traced in the considered literature: authors which consider to be the best in defining financial instability and authors which try to define financial stability. On the basis of analysis of theoretical works in which thoroughly essence and maintenance of concept «financial stability» and «financial instability» opens up the present views of scientists and systematizes the concepts. Conclusions. We came to the conclusion that the unique look to the understanding of essence of financial banking stability does not exist for today. We select basic approaches in relation to determinate the concept of financial stability of bank. It enables for development of measures on the effective management of bank financial stability and comes forward with a task for subsequent researches.

Today, the use of survey-based fuzzy assessment models is very common. Most developed methods, had rarely attended to the reliability of survey participants’ opinions. This paper proposed a new fuzzy multi-criteria evaluation model for improving the reliability of individual’s opinion (verbal judgment). For this, first, SWARA and COPRAS methods are developed in a fuzzy environment. Then, Z-number concept is used to increase data reliability and accuracy of final results, while differentiating between the weight of the evaluators (people participating in the survey). To illustrate the implementation process of the proposed model, a practical case study of Internet Banking is done. This case evaluated the quality of Internet banking services of the Kosar Credit Institute based on customer satisfaction criteria. Finally, while interpreting the numerical results and describing the prominent features of the proposed fuzzy model, management results and suggestions are also discussed. The proposed approach in this paper is a new fuzzy multi-criteria decision making model that improves the reliability of individual’s verbal judgment of, while reducing the inherent uncertainty in evaluation issues. This model will improve the reliability of decision-making data and increase the accuracy of final results.

Some manufacturers in Europe neglect to determine the reliability of products and services, although reliability is a very significant magnitude of the quality of process results (semi-finished product, product, documentation, service). They usually declare the amount of reliability the way their competitor did, not realizing the real differences between the individual process results, which certainly causes unnecessary costs. When they declare higher reliability, then losses occur due to the high cost of customer complaints, and when they declare lower reliability, then losses arise due to large losses in demand for the results of market processes. In America, a different approach is taken to consider reliability, which involves designing, planning, and verifying the reliability of process results, using special computer programs and electronic computers. Reliability design allows defining the reliability of systems and components of process results, according to the requirements of critical quality characteristics, thereby achieving the required level of quality. Reliability planning enables the preparation of reliability checks by developing a test plan, reliability and warranty plan, a forecasting plan and a product or service guarantee plan. The reliability check makes it possible to determine the true reliability of the results of the process after experimental testing, under long-term real conditions or under short-term accelerated conditions, with the application of certain higher loads. This paper discusses the elements of stability and reliability and proposes the necessary procedure for selecting the design, planning and checking the reliability of process results. Using this selection, the procedures for designing, planning, and verifying the reliability of certain process results are shown here.

Microgrid planning philosophies are changing from islanding in the case of abnormal conditions to independent sustainability for constant secure, reliable operation. Large independent operators foresee a shift from gigantic-grid bulk generation and transmission to distributed generation (DG) from smaller, interlinked grid clusters. Customers and the community will benefit, but system operators and utilities will face challenges. Introduced to enhance electricity exchange and the energy market structure in such grids, transactive energy networks favor customers and DG owners, establish a utility business model, and enable power system innovation. Planners are also increasingly interested in blockchains for secure transactions. Blockchain-based transactive energy markets promise flexibility, transparency, security, competition, and superlative low-cost reliability, offering ideal energy-trading solutions in isolated microgrids and distribution-level markets. This article presents the development and case-study validation of a comprehensive transactive energy market framework with linked blockchain and power system layers, a novel market structure based on an end-user marginal price, and an adapted blockchain that fits intrinsic power system requirements. A new slot-ahead electricity market model is established through integration with the modified blockchain. With blockchain operation, monetary funds are managed equitably so that wallet billing rates for customers, utilities, and DG owners match broadcast smart-meter data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]