1. A pilot study of microbial signatures of liver disease in those with HIV mono-infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Author
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Cristiane Fonseca de Almeida, Hugo Perazzo, Michelle Morata, Carolyn Yanavich, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Fan Li, Nicole H. Tobin, Valdilea G. Veloso, Grace M. Aldrovandi, David Lee, and Sara Zabih
- Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis ,16S ,Immunology ,Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,microbiome ,HIV Infections ,Pilot Projects ,medicine.disease_cause ,shotgun sequencing ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Article ,Oral and gastrointestinal ,16S sequencing ,Liver disease ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Virology ,Genetics ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Humans ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,fatty liver ,Ribosomal ,business.industry ,Liver Disease ,Prevention ,Human Genome ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,medicine.disease ,HIV infection ,Fatty Liver ,Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,Liver ,RNA ,Elasticity Imaging Techniques ,business ,Digestive Diseases ,Infection ,Brazil - Abstract
ObjectiveThe rectal microbiome was examined to assess the relationship between the microbiome and liver disease in HIV-infection.DesignEighty-two HIV-1 mono-infected individuals from the PROSPEC-HIV-study (NCT02542020) were grouped into three liver health categories based on results of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) of transient elastography: normal (n = 30), steatosis (n = 30), or fibrosis (n = 22).MethodsLiver steatosis and fibrosis were defined by CAP at least 248 dB/m and LSM at least 8.0 kPa, respectively. 16S rRNA gene and whole genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing were performed on rectal swabs. Bacterial differences were assessed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression and random forests modeling; taxonomic drivers of functional shifts were identified using FishTaco.ResultsLiver health status explained four percentage of the overall variation (r2 = 0.04, P = 0.003) in bacterial composition. Participants with steatosis had depletions of Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides dorei and enrichment of Prevotella copri, Finegoldia magna, and Ruminococcus bromii. Participants with fibrosis had depletions of Bacteroides stercoris and Parabacteroides distasonis and enrichment of Sneathia sanguinegens. In steatosis, functional analysis revealed increases in primary and secondary bile acid synthesis encoded by increased Eubacterium rectale, F. magna, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and decreased A. muciniphila, Bacteroides fragilis and B. dorei. Decreased folate biosynthesis was driven by similar changes in microbial composition.ConclusionHIV mono-infection with steatosis or fibrosis had distinct microbial profiles. Some taxa are similar to those associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in HIV-negative populations. Further studies are needed to define the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of liver disease in HIV-infected persons.
- Published
- 2022