Search

Airfoil’s aerodynamic characteristics are vital for the design and performance evaluation of wind turbine rotor blades through blade element momentum theory. Generally, the airfoil’s aerodynamic ch...

Aim: This study is aimed to compare and evaluate the changes in the microflora in immediate and delayed placed implants. Materials and Methods: In this study, the implant site sample was taken and assessed during different phases of treatment for delayed and immediate implants. They were looked for Streptococcus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Results: The results showed that Streptococci were found in a higher number in all the phases of the treatment. The presence of pathogenic organisms such as P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium, in considerable amounts, was seen in both the groups. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that implant mode of placement, delayed or immediate placement does not alter the flora of the oral cavity. Organisms present remains the same in all the phase of the treatment. To prevent the disease, one must continuously monitor the implant, with the increasing age changes, the microflora is continually changing in the oral cavity. The periodontal health should be assessed before the placement of the implant, followed by follow-ups after a set period for a better prognosis.

Background: Rapid detection of amoxicillin-susceptible Escherichia coli (ASEC) urinary tract infections (UTIs) could have a significant impact on patient care and improve antibiotic stewardship. This is especially true for infants and children, for whom antibiotic choices are more limited than for adults. Methods: A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) uniplex panel for detection of ASEC using PCR assays for E. coli and five resistance genes ( blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, and blaCMY) and an internal control was designed. PCR was then performed directly on pediatric urine samples using an inhibitor-resistant DNA polymerase. The main outcome measure was the performance of the PCR panel (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV], negative predictive value [NPV], accuracy) for the detection of ASEC. ASEC samples were defined as those that were E. coli PCR positive and PCR negative for all five resistance genes. PCR results were compared with the reference standard for culture and susceptibility testing. Results: Two hundred and six urine samples with pyuria (>10 white blood cells/high power field) were tested with the PCR panel. Two samples showed PCR inhibition (1%). For ASEC detection, the PCR panel showed a sensitivity of 91.53% (95% CI 81.32% to 97.19%), specificity of 98.21% (95% CI 90.45% to 99.95%), PPV of 98.18% (95% CI 88.54% to 99.74%), NPV of 91.67% (95% CI 82.61% to 96.22%), and accuracy of 94.78% (95% CI 88.99% to 98.06%). Conclusions: This PCR method could potentially enable amoxicillin or ampicillin to be used in a greater proportion of children with E. coli UTIs, improving antibiotic stewardship.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)-Activated Protein Kinase 2 (MK2), downstream to p38MAPK (p38mitogen-activated protein kinase), regulates cellular inflammation and proliferation. So far, the role of MK2 has been studied in many cardiovascular diseases, but it remains unexplored in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Therefore, to investigate the role of MK2 in the PH pathogenesis, human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were exposed to hypoxia (1% O 2 ) for 72 hours, and MK2 was inhibited by siRNA. We observed significantly increased MK2 expression, inflammatory cytokines, proliferation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis resistance in hypoxic human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, which were reversed by treatment with MK2 siRNA. For in vivo studies, male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with monocrotaline (60 mg/kg, SC, once) to induce PH. To inhibit MK2, a peptide MMI-0100 (40 μg/kg, IP daily, 5 weeks for preventive and 3 weeks for curative study) was administered. MMI-0100 treatment decreased right ventricle pressure and hypertrophy, hallmarks of PH, in both preventive and curative study. MMI-0100-treated rats showed better cardiac functions as revealed by 2-dimensional echocardiography study. Furthermore, MMI-0100 reversed pulmonary vascular remodeling and improved pulmonary vascular relaxation in monocrotaline-treated rats. Finally, the above results were confirmed in MK2 knockout mice. MK2 knockout mice, received 600 mg/kg monocrotaline, subcutaneous weekly for 5 weeks, failed to develop PH and showed no increase in right ventricle pressure and hypertrophy. This study, therefore, proved that MK2 is involved in PH, and its inhibition may be a novel target for PH treatment.

This paper represents the review of hybrid solar power system for remote area application. The designed hybrid system may consist of solar source and battery as storing devices connected with gird. Our focused in this paper is single-phase AC distribution with solar for remote area. The hybrid system also improves the dynamics behavior during fluctuations. Hybrid system is able to work in grid connected mode during regulation operation and able to charge the batteries and also able to operate in standalone. Our aim is to supply 100% electricity demand by solar for that particular remote location. Hybrid system leads to electrical energy generation using combination of solar cell and energy storing devices. Generation of power takes into account environmental effect both in the design and its operation phases. The review of simulation result shows the solar hybrid energy generation with minimum power generation cost and reduces CO2 emission compared to traditional power plant.

Slum children/youth are excluded from the benefits of India’s urbanizing economy. Unequal access to education, self-expression hinder actualizing their potential. This programme research is undertaken in Indore, India to better understand the methods through which slum children (a) overcome gender inequality; (b) overcome hesitation, develop confidence and skills and (c) access government scholarships. Information was collected through Focus Group Discussions with slum children and youth, individual interviews and participant observation during activities. The Urban Health Resource Center (UHRC) organizes slum children’s groups in Indore. One boy, one girl leaders per group contribute to a more gender-equitable society. They collectively identify needs for stimulation; ways to enhance confidence, strengthen as groups, contribute to evolution of programme and motivate children in neighbouring slums. Extra-curricular activities by UHRC provide platforms for self-expression (such as street plays), develop teamwork and leadership skills and build self-confidence, zest and tenacity to overcome odds. Children and UHRC’s social facilitators urge ward councillors to endorse hand-written applications for income certificates, obtain certificates from District Magistrate’s office; submit to schools to access Government scholarship. Child/youth development is fostered through avenues for self-expression, excelling incrementally and cultivating positive self-image. Communication and leadership skills emerge. Children/youth groups’ petitions/requests to Municipal Corporation have improved slum lanes, drains. Interruption of children’s school education has reduced. Social interactions help children/youth to overcome hesitation, focus on aspirations and acquire ability to influence circumstances. Increasing number of youth completes schooling, complements family income; demonstrates gender sensitivity; undertakes socially productive community actions, e.g. improving hygiene and living environment, reduce school-dropout.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of transdermal diclofenac patch with ketoprofen patch as postoperative analgesia after extraction of first premolars bilaterally in both arches for orthodontic purpose. Materials and Methods: A split-mouth technique was used in 52 patients with the age group of 15–25 years for extracting maxillary and mandibular first premolars bilaterally for orthodontic reason. A single ketoprofen patch was used after the extraction of premolars from first and fourth quadrant, whereas for the extraction of second and third quadrant premolars, diclofenac patch was used. All the extractions were performed under local anesthesia. The data were compiled and statistically analyzed using the student's t-test. Results: Mean visual analog scale score for diclofenac and ketoprofen patch was 2.05 (0.75) and 1.09 (0.3), respectively. Thirteen patients required additional medication (25%) and 1 (1.9%) patient with diclofenac and ketoprofen patch, respectively. No major complication or adverse effects were observed in any of the groups. Conclusion: Both diclofenac and ketoprofen transdermal patches are helpful in relieving pain after orthodontic extraction. Patients with diclofenac patch required more additional analgesia within 24 h compared to that with ketoprofen patch. None of the drugs showed any significant adverse effects and were well tolerated by the patients.

Energy is a critical issue in Mobile Ad-hoc Network. Nodes in Network are working in presence of limited or less energy due to dynamic nature of nodes or infrastructure less network. MANET has no infrastructure so nodes in MANET work on dynamic routing. In this way, energy proficient routing is required for reducing energy utilization. Energy proficient routing plans can extraordinarily reduce energy utilization and augments the lifetime of the networks. Scalability of Ad Hoc Networks can be enhanced by using land data, for example, in LAR, GPSR etc. They utilize physical area data; regularly from GPS (Global Positioning System).GPS empowers a gadget to decide their position as in longitude, Latitude and Altitude by getting this data from the satellites. There has been significant effort in proposing energy efficient routing protocols with the help of GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) which have accuracy to approx One meter in India or its neighbor countries. GAGAN is a route framework which is helped by both GPS and nearby telemetry information to possibly give quicker and more exact situating and navigational information.

A larger amount of data gives a better output but also working with it can become a challenge due to processing limitations. Nowadays companies are starting to realize the importance of using more data in order to support decision for their strategies. It was said and proved through study cases that “More data usually beats better algorithms”. With this statement companies started to realize that they can chose to invest more in processing larger sets of data rather than investing in expensive algorithms. During the last decade, large statistics evaluation has seen an exponential boom and will absolutely retain to witness outstanding tendencies due to the emergence of new interactive multimedia packages and extraordinarily incorporated systems driven via the speedy growth in statistics services and microelectronic gadgets. Up to now, maximum of the modern mobile structures are especially centered to voice communications with low transmission fees.

Big Data Analytics is a way of extracting value from these huge volumes of information, and it drives new market opportunities and maximizes customer retention. The rapid rise of the Internet and the digital economy has fuelled an exponential growth in demand for data storage and analytics, and IT department are facing tremendous challenge in protecting and analyzing these increased volumes of information. The reason organizations are collecting and storing more data than ever before is because their business depends on it. The type of information being created is no more traditional database-driven data referred to as structured data rather it is data that include documents, images, audio, video, and social media contents known as unstructured data or Big Data. This paper primarily focuses on discussing the various technologies that work together as a Big Data Analytics system that can help predict future volumes, gain insights, take proactive actions, and give way to better strategic decisionmaking.

CONTEXT: The outbreak and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has led to a global exigency of colossal and monstrous proportions in terms of public health and economic crisis. Till date, no pharmaceutical agent is known to manage in terms of prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by a novel virus. AIMS: The aim of the present work was to understand the underlying disease profile and dynamics that could provide relevant inputs and insight into pathophysiology and prevent further spread and evolve management strategies of COVID-19 patients from data-driven techniques. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A retrospective observational descriptive study was conducted on 29 COVID-19 patients admitted at a premier medical institution of North India in the months of February and March 2020. METHODS: The patients were diagnosed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. RESULTS: The mean age of population was 38.8 years with male preponderance, of which two patients were residents of Italy, and others hailed from semi-arid and Western sandy arid regions of Rajasthan (urban population). The major presenting symptom complex of said COVID-19 sample population included fever (48%), cough (31%), and shortness of breath (17%). Most of the patients (83%) had no comorbidity. No clinical correlation (r) could be appreciated between the duration of test positivity and age of afflicted COVID-19 patients (r = −0.0976). CONCLUSIONS: The present evaluation of various facets of the ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19 is an attempt to portray early clinical and epidemiological parameters of the menace of COVID-19 patients admitted at SMS Medical College and Attached Hospitals, Jaipur.

Due to development in the field of power system, more and more series capacitance compensations have been used in transmission system extensively and because of series capacitance compensation it leads to SSR problems. SSR occurs when a natural frequency of a series compensated transmission system coincides with the complement of one of the torsional modes of the turbine-generator shaft system. Under such circumstances, the turbine-generator shaft system oscillates at a frequency corresponding to the torsional mode frequency and unless corrective action is taken, the torsional oscillations can grow and may result in shaft damage in a few seconds. For mitigating the SSR in transmission system, a mitigation measure based on SVC is introduced[1].

ObjectiveTo investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties of hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of Sapindus mukorossi Gaerten and its beneficial effect on haematological parameters with histopathological analysis in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.MethodsSapindus mukorossi fruits extract (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and standard drug glybenclamide (0.5 mg/kg body weight) were administered to diabetic rats. Effect of extract on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hematological parameters was studied in diabetic rats. Histopathological changes in diabetic rat pancreas were also observed after extract and glybenclamide treatment.ResultsDaily oral administration of Sapindus mukorossi fruits extract (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and glybenclamide for 20 days showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level (P

The sensitivity and specificity of a new clinical sign of hypocalcaemia were evaluated. The Swan-neck sign, wherein infants with symptomatic hypocalcaemia keep their big toe hyperextended at the metatarsophalangeal joint and flexed at the interphalangeal joint, was looked for in 25 infants presenting with non-febrile seizures, alongside their serum calcium levels. The study showed that the sign had a sensitivity of 63.6% and specificity of 66.6%. (Predictive values of positive and negative tests were 93.3% and 20%, respectively.) This is compared with the standard Trousseau and Chvostek signs.

BACKGROUND: There are 44 million missing women in India. Gender bias; neglect of girls, infanticides and feticides are responsible. The sex ratio at birth can be used to examine the influence of antenatal sex selection on the sex ratio. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records from 321,991 deliveries at one hospital over 11 decades were utilized. The middle year in each decade was taken as representative of the decade. Data from 33,524 deliveries were then analyzed. Data for each decade was combined with that of previous decades and compared to the data of subsequent decades to look for any change in the trend. Sex ratio in the second children against sex of the first child was studied separately. RESULTS: The mean sex ratio for the 110 years examined was 910 girls to 1000 boys (95% CI; 891 to 930). The sex ratio dropped significantly from 935 (CI: 905 to 967) before 1979, to 892 (CI: 868 to 918) after 1980 (P = 0.04). The sex ratio in the second child was significantly lower if the first child was a girl [716 (CI: 672 to 762] (P

Background Documentation of superfoetation is extremely rare in humans., The younger foetus has invariably been small for gestational age (estimated from the date of the last menstrual bleed) in all the cases reported in the literature. We report a case where the younger twin was of appropriate size for gestation. Case Presentation The first of twins was of 32 weeks gestation and the baby was of appropriate size and development for the gestational age. The second twin was of 36 weeks gestation. Gestational age was estimated with the New Ballard score, x-ray of the lower limbs, dental age on x-ray, and ophthalmic examination. Conclusion Bleeding on implantation of the first foetus probably helped demarcate the two pregnancies. Dental age and the New Ballard score can be used to diagnose superfoetation in discordant twins, when detailed first trimester ultra-sound data is not available.

Cryptographic protocols with single blind copying were defined and modeled by Comon and Cortier using the new class \(\mathcal C\) of first order clauses, which extends the Skolem class. They showed its satisfiability problem to be in 3-DEXPTIME. We improve this result by showing that satisfiability for this class is NEXPTIME-complete, using new resolution techniques. We show satisfiability to be DEXPTIME-complete if clauses are Horn, which is what is required for modeling cryptographic protocols. While translation to Horn clauses only gives a DEXPTIME upper bound for the secrecy problem for these protocols, we further show that this secrecy problem is actually DEXPTIME-complete.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the main reasons for seeking laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and patient satisfaction after surgery in the socioeconomically underdeveloped eastern state of Bihar, India. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated results of the first 100 consecutive patients (169 eyes) who had LASIK at our center from July 2002 to September 2003. RESULTS: Of the 100 patients, 65% were male and 35% were female. Ninety percent of male patients were between 18 and 24 years old; they sought LASIK to achieve an uncorrected visual acuity of 6/6 to 6/9-the basic qualifying criterion for jobs in the railway and defense services. Eighty-six percent of female patients were of marrying age. At 1 month after LASIK, 93% of patients achieved an UCVA of 6/6, 4% had UCVA between 6/9 to 6/12, and only 1% had CONCLUSION: In the socioeconomically poor state of Bihar, the main reason for males in our study to seek LASIK was to enhance their job prospects. In females, the main reason was to improve facial appearance in order to enhance marriage prospects. [J Refract Surg 2004;20(suppl): S727-S729]

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the primary etiological agent responsible for cervical cancer in women. Although in total 16 high-risk HPV strains have been identified so far. Currently available commercial vaccines are designed by targeting mainly HPV16 and HPV18 viral strains as these are the most common strains associated with cervical cancer. Because of the high level of antigenic specificity of HPV capsid antigens, the currently available vaccines are not suitable to provide cross-protection from all other high-risk HPV strains. Due to increasing reports of cervical cancer cases from other HPV high-risk strains other than HPV16 and 18, it is crucial to design vaccine that generate reasonable CD8+ T-cell responses for possibly all the high-risk strains. With this aim, we have developed a computational workflow to identify conserved cross-clade CD8+ T-cell HPV vaccine candidates by considering E1, E2, E6 and E7 proteins from all the high-risk HPV strains. We have identified a set of 14 immunogenic conserved peptide fragments that are supposed to provide protection against infection from any of the high-risk HPV strains across globe. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-015-0352-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.