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Diabetes care at school has recently appeared on the agenda of international diabetes organizations, the basic principles of which have been newly determined. The aim of this review was to summarize the activities and output of the Diabetes at School Program - a program that has been delivered in Turkey for the last 10 years - and to focus on different aspects of Diabetes Care at School through a national model. Recently, a detailed set of national regulations, including the basic principles proposed by the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes and the experience in Turkey, was prepared and has come into force. The future agenda includes giving priority to socio-economically disadvantaged regions, provision of an Individual Treatment Plan at School for each child with diabetes and ensuring that each school has an action plan for the care of children with diabetes. We believe that if all countries have programs and structured national regulations similar to the Diabetes at School Program, this will enable significant progress in the level of care delivered to children with diabetes.

Context The sheep and wool industry is an important and established primary production entity for Australia. Specialised tertiary education in the field of sheep and wool is pivotal to the advancement of the industry. Sheep and wool education has evolved over time synchronously with changes in the presentation of tertiary teaching. The face-to-face teaching and 4-year specialised degree in animal and wool science has now developed into an online learning system, with individual units made available to students across the country. This is delivered using a hub institute, University of New England and spoke universities across Australia. Aims The study evaluated the development and delivery of the hub and spoke method of tertiary education in sheep and wool science. Methods The data for this study comprised routine information gathered during university enrolment and specific student survey data from two questionnaires. The first questionnaire was an annual (2010–2017) survey of enrolled students (n = 289) and the second questionnaire was a survey of graduates from 2012 to 2015 (n = 128) from sheep and wool science. Key results Student numbers studying sheep and wool science in the hub and spoke program have increased three and a half fold in 10 years. The employment success of students studying the sheep and wool units is over 50%. Conclusions Utilising a hub and spoke model for online education delivery allows one university to specialise in a specific curriculum that can be offered across multi-institutions. Implications The tertiary training package, developed by the sheep and wool industry, has provided an estimated 400 graduates into the industry in 10 years.

Aim. Through the example of Indonesia, the presented study aims to determine the special features of the formation of the national model of green economy at the level of strategic planning and government support for green investment.Tasks. The author analyzes a wide range of national strategies in different fields, the role of green economy in the strategic planning of the country’s long-term development, and the tools of government support for green investment used by the national government for the implementation of strategic plans.Methods. This study uses a combination of basic scientific methods of cognition, such as synthesis and analysis.Results. Special features of the integration of the principles of green economy in strategic planning are determined. The government’s tools of private fundraising are identified, which are highly demanded by investors and are recommended for use in the Russian Federation. Conclusions. Strategic planning in Indonesia is characterized by the close alignment of strategic priorities with the challenges and opportunities for the country’s sustainable environmental and economic development, while goals and objectives of strategic plans are associated with financial resources. Government support is primarily aimed at solving the problem of private fundraising in strategically important green sectors of the economy. Certain tools of government support for green investment are recommended for use in Russia considering their attractiveness and investor demand.

Facilitating access to the Internet is an important part of the public library mission, and is crucial in ensuring that all citizens have the possibility of access to contemporary digital information and public services. Part of managing this access relies on the Acceptable Use Policy (AUP), an agreement between the library and the user regarding the conditions of access. This article reports on a national UK study of public library AUPs and the development of a new national model policy for public libraries, and which can be considered as ‘best practice’. The article reports analysis of AUPs across the UK, with specific focus on how they communicate the use of filtering, and surveillance. This research adds new insight by studying the content of AUPs and contributes to the limited research that exists on public library AUPs in the UK. The research analyzed AUPs from 205 authorities in the UK, a return rate of 99.5%. The resulting conclusions and synthesis of relevant guidance on AUPs led to the formation of the model policy presented in this article.

The paperexamines the attitude to uncertainty and risk withinthe Russian model of management by A.P. Prokhorov. It is shown that the attitudeis determined by the dual nature of this model. The Russian managementsystem in itsmobilization phase easily copes with the uncertainty and allows risky decisions. In the stable phase, the Russian model rejects risk, and security, understood as maintaining the achieved state, becomes a priority. A risky situation is a type of uncertain one when the occurrence of possible events is probable and can be estimated. In this situation, it is possible to assess the likelihood of events resulting from the influence of the natural environment, the actions of partners, opponents, etc., which cannot be done in a situationof uncertainty, and this is thekey factor that distinguishes between risk and uncertainty. Wedefine risk as an integral indicator that combines assessments of both the probabilities of implementing a solution and the quantitative characteristics of its consequences. Thus, risk management presupposes, first of all, a conscious and rational choice. Since changing the national model of management takes a lot of time, wesuggest to try to change the attitude to risk in modern Russian organizations.

In this article, the author presents the evolution in the European Union of different borrowing models going through a path which starts out with a purely national model, passes through stages of h...

The article discusses the role of a modern corporation in solving the problems of the country’s economic development compared to the world’s major companies. It is emphasized that insufficient attention to corporate business organization and the choice of the national model of corporate governance leads to the incomplete use of market mechanisms of investment, excessive export or misuse of undistributed profits, and restraining the development of corporations themselves and their activities aimed at the modernization of the economy. Sales ratings of the largest Russian and foreign corporations are compared. An optimization and simulation model for evaluating investment strategies and developing a new product is considered by the example of the Novosibirsk-based company NEVZ-Soyuz.

The main features and characteristics of competency models are outlined. It is outlined that the implementation of competency models is due to different methods of organization and provision of educational services, approaches to management and planning of the educational process, assessment of employment opportunities for young professionals in the labor market, recognition of the results (achievements) of young professionals. The sequence of formation of the national model of competencies was established, which envisages the following stages: determination of the results of expert assessments regarding the competency requirements for a student (graduate) of a higher education institution, obtained through a survey of potential employers, experts of higher education institutions, students within the professional standards; detailing learning outcomes in the existing competency model; formation of curricula of educational and professional programs (due to the analysis of subject and competence elements); definition of educational technologies; formation of methodological requirements for sections of competence training and methodological complexes (work programs of credit modules, theoretical material, practical (seminar) tasks, etc.) within the competence approach; development of competence training and methodological complexes. The logical and structural model of the process of managing the provision of educational services for the implementation of educational programs for the formation of young professionals based on the competence approach is presented. Managers of educational process, responsible persons play an important role in the process of training young professionals. The key elements of the process of managing the provision of educational services on the basis of a competency-based approach are the strategic goals of the educational process in higher education institutions; the task of implementing the educational process in higher education institutions; factors determining the system of managerial competencies; formation of a system of managerial competences; the process of assessing the level of competence; the level of competence of the young specialist; assessment of the quality of the educational process, competency of the graduate. The stages of formation of the system of managerial competencies are suggested.

Technology plays an increasingly important role in the lives of students and other education stakeholders. Professional school counselors (PSCs), however, have only tentatively begun to integrate digital tools into their professional work. Given the extensive information and considerations posited by technology and its role in students’ lives, the work of the school counselor has become more complex. This paper argues for expanding the use of interactive technologies specifically within the Delivery System of the American School Counseling Association’s (2012) National Model. We examine how digital communication tools can enhance and extend the ability of PSCs to meet the needs of students. Implications for school counseling programs, PSCs, students, and educators are considered.

There is no need today to prove the relevance of the problems of cross-border migration in general, and of labor in particular. It is significant that in this sphere, there are cardinal changes not only in the structure and intensity of flows, but also in the transformation of goals and objectives of migration policy, in organization of migration regulation systems on the part of the main receiving countries. The analysis of the relationship between the common characteristics of modern national systems of migration regulation and their specific national features is of particular interest – par excellence in the context of the transformation of the goals, objectives and methods of regulation of transnational migrant flows. It’s this, ultimately, that determines the effectiveness of activities, the ability to find adequate answers to new migration realities. In this sense, the Russian experience in the formation of a national model of migration regulation and development of a modern migration policy is of undoubted interest. The article discusses the current problems of labor migration regulation in Russia. A new Concept of the State Migration Policy of the Russian Federation through to 2025 has been adopted, which is an indicator of the change in priorities, goals and objectives of migration policy and the system of migration regulation. In addition, the new concept as a program document does not provide answers to a number of questions relating specifically to labor migration. This applies both to the ratio of supply and demand for foreign labor, and to the choice of more effective mechanisms for determining needs and ways to satisfy them. Today, in the regulation of labor migration (including visa) there are many problems that need to be resolved on the basis of program-targeted approaches.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the experience of the European Union coun-tries and the development of recommendations for improving the centralized model of public procurement management in Ukraine. The article is focused on clarification of the basic provisions of normative acts, which are the basis for the functioning of a centralized procurement organization, the State Institution «Professional Procurement». This applies to the Law of Ukraine «On Public Procurement», the Reso-lution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «On the Implementation of a Pilot Pro-ject on the Organization of the Activities of a Centralized Procurement Organization» and the Order of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine, ac-cording to which the functions of the Centralized Procurement Organization (herein-after referred to as the Central Depository) are entrusted to the State institution «Pro-fessional purchases». It has been established that centralized procurement is not necessarily carried out through a specialized organization. For these purposes, both, state limited liability companies and independent agencies (the structure of which is very similar to the structure of private companies) can be formed. Based on the experience gained, recommendations for the improvement of the Ukraini-an centralized procurement organization were developed by the State Institution «Pro-fessional Procurement». In particular, it is proposed to legislate this institution with certain powers to monitor the market, to finance the work to use the customer's payment of a fixed advance payment for each procurement procedure and to use open framework agreements when conducting procurement procedures.

Nowadays, effectiveness and efficiency of management of various branches of scientific and practical activity, including health care system are based primarily on training and involvement of professionals being able to use management tools and knowledge and skills in supervised fields. The training of such specialists is the main task of modern medical education and therefore is one of strategic directions of its reforming.

Se revisita el concepto de Estilo Tecnológico propuesto por Oscar Varsavsky y su necesario acoplamiento con los objetivos nacionales hegemónicos en la sociedad. Se propone que el estilo tecnológico asociado al modelo nacional de desarrollo inclusivo es el que impulsa el desarrollo tecnológico autónomo, concatenando la participación del Estado, de las pymes y del sistema nacional de ciencia y tecnología. En este marco las prioridades del sector tecnológico deben ser impulsar la creación de nuevos puestos de trabajo de calidad, factibilizar la exportación de productos y servicios tecnológicamente complejos con alto valor agregado y minimizar el gasto en divisas. Con estos conceptos se discute su aplicación al caso concreto de Y-TEC (YPF Tecnología).

Previous research has identified a predictive model of how a nation’s distribution of gross domestic product (GDP) among agriculture (a), industry (i), and services (s) changes as a country develops. Here we use this national model to analyze the composition of GDP for US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) over time. To characterize the transfer of GDP shares between the sectors in the course of economic development we explore a simple system of differential equations proposed in the country-level model. Fitting the model to more than 120 MSAs we find that according to the obtained parameters MSAs can be classified into 6 groups (consecutive, high industry, re-industrializing; each of them also with reversed development direction). The consecutive transfer (a → i → s) is common but does not represent all MSAs examined. At the 95% confidence level, 40% of MSAs belong to types exhibiting an increasing share of GDP from agriculture. In California, such MSAs, which we classify as part of an agriculture renaissance, are found in the Central Valley.

The fourth industrial revolution and technological advances have been accumulated into the development of smart cities, which has been influencing the shape and value of human life. South Korea has implemented the national project of building a model smart city that is futuristic and innovative. Two megaprojects are underway the Sejong Administrative City (Sejong 5-1 Life Zone) and the Busan Eco Delta City (Busan Eco Delta Smart City) and have been designated as the national model cities. This study aims to develop a model for assessing the excellence of megaprojects. For this purpose, we analysed the case of smart city cases of National pilot smart city. International Project Management Association (IPMA) has provided Project Excellence Model (PEM) for assessment of project excellence. However, megaprojects like smart cities have a completely different character compared to general projects that have existed. It is necessary to develop a new model that is appropriate for assessment of megaprojects. We propose the Segway model to evaluate megaprojects. The Segway model can provide a meaningful contribution for “the assessment“ of megaproject excellence by analysing the connectivity of the megaproject success factors and PEM.

Life with Cancer, a program of the Inova Schar Cancer Institute, is a national model for cancer education, psychological health, nutrition, and wellness. Each month, it offers about 200 programs at...

Objective Paediatric brain tumour (PBT) survivors face high risks of disabling long-term and late effects. Whether survivors' needs are met in a system with publicly funded services, but in the absence of a formal long-term follow-up model, is uncertain. Empirically based recommendations for a national model are needed. We explored multidisciplinary healthcare providers' (HCP) experiences with providing such care. Methods We conducted five focus-group interviews and five individual interviews with a nationally representative sample of 33 Norwegian HCPs. Focus-group interviews and individual interviews were analysed using systematic text condensation. Results Three main themes were identified: (a) 'Providing care above and beyond system constraints', describing a perceived discrepancy between HCPs' knowledge of, and their ability to meet, the survivors' needs. (b) 'System barriers to providing optimal follow-up care', describing a perceived lack of routines for communication and coordination between the HCPs and existing care services. (c) 'Nurses and shared-care to improve care', including empowering nurses and establishing routines for collaborations and areas of responsibilities. Conclusion The current healthcare system was perceived not to fully meet the survivors' needs. Nurse-led care models, including standardised patient-care pathways, were suggested to increase the accessibility of already-existing services and thus to improve long-term follow-up care.

The scientific article examines the issues and prerequisites for the need to create an innovative model of strategic development, where an important place is given to the state in improving the competitiveness of the RK on a regional and sectoral scale. Along with this, the mission of the state is to create conditions for the implementation and development of promising large-scale innovative projects operating in a safe environment. The construction of a strategic model of innovative growth is an objective necessity in improving the well-being of individual enterprises in the republic. The above means that at the modern stage of development of Kazakhstani society, it is necessary to develop a national model of a strategy for innovation development of domestic enterprises in conditions of state regulation, which determines the target setting of scientific research in the presented article. To achieve this goal, the authors of the article consider it necessary to perform such tasks as the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of innovative development and approaches to the formation of an enterprise strategy based on innovation; study of domestic and foreign experience of effective innovative development of enterprises, identification and substantiation of priorities for innovative development of enterprises, ensuring the achievement of the set strategic goals; determination of the most effective ways and mechanisms for the development of innovative strategies, implemented by enterprises of Kazakhstan, through the use of economic and mathematical modeling and forecasting. Key words: development strategy of Kazakhstan, state regulation, innovative development, competitiveness of enterprises, innovative model of economic growth, strategic management, knowledge-based economy

The article discusses the main directions of financial support for business by the Government of the Russian Federation in the conditions of economic imbalances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the article is the analysis of state financial support as a single model, formed taking into account national specifics. The objectives of the study include the analysis of forms and tools, the objectivity of such support, its feasibility and scope. The authors analyze as common elements that make up the financial support of the governments of many countries, and the specifics of its organization in the Russian Federation are highlighted. As a result of the study, the authors concluded that in Russia a national model of state financial support for business has been formed, it is aimed at providing business with funds for uninterrupted economic activity. In this model, the state does not undertake to fully finance the activities of commercial organizations. The government provides businesses with the opportunity to survive temporary difficulties, but at the same time maintains market competition. The article substantiates the proposals for providing state financial support to certain types and areas of business in the post-crisis period, its tools.

Paediatric endocrinology and diabetes is a paediatric specialty with less common conditions and higher cost medicines. Access to medicines for our specialty in low and middle income countries remains limited. We analysed the content of the WHO (children and adults) and of all available national Model Lists of Essential Medicines (EMLs) for Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America from a paediatric endocrinology and diabetes standpoint. A master list of medicines deemed necessary in paediatric endocrinology and diabetes was established and compared with the WHO and national EMLs, taking into account the gross national income. The WHO EMLs, which are largely recognised as an international benchmark and drive the content of the national EMLs, included many but not all medicines present on our master list. Interestingly, several national EMLs from richer countries included medicines that were not present in the WHO EMLs. Our analysis suggests that these medicines could be considered by the WHO for inclusion in their EMLs, which may promote the adoption of more medicines by individual countries. We also propose several changes to the WHO and national EMLs that could facilitate access to medicines in our specialty: age cut-off for a child using physical maturity rather than a set age limit; greater standardisation of the formatting of the national EMLs for easier comparison and collaborations between countries; greater emphasis on age-specificity and population-specificity for some medicines; and formatting of the EMLs in a disease-focused manner rather than as individual medicines.

The target article analyzed some issues of the formation of a modern competitive national innovative system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The effective and methodical tools of the research are based on the application, in the framework of a systematic approach of general scientific research methods: logical and situational analysis, expert assessments, questionnaires, observation, interviewing, groupings, and comparison. The article specified and supplemented the theoretical and methodological provisions of the theory of the formation of the innovative national model. The authors proved that the existing mechanism for managing the scientific-research and innovative activity in the country does not meet the requirements of competitiveness based on the systematic analysis of the NIS elements of Uzbekistan and innovative development and its relationships. It is crucial to formulate an entirely universal and effective national innovative system that is adequate to the growing demand for innovations necessary for areas of the national economy, offering support for the innovative activity at each phases of the innovative cycle. Anticipated increase in demand and cost escalation of innovations, incorporating extra actions to encourage foreign direct investments, will stimulate the processes of structural change of the economy in the domain of high-technological sectors increase.

The Nordic Council has a vision to create the most integrated region globally by 2030. Nevertheless, Nordic cross-border infrastructure projects are generally developed by each nation individually. Joint Nordic infrastructure planning is thus fragmented. An example of this, as reported herein, is how road projects are assessed by the infrastructure planning authorities in Norway, Sweden, and Finland, the latter to which is included in the comparison for the first time. In each country, cost/benefit analyses (CBAs) are used. In each nation, the monetary values of changes in travel time, accidents, and environmental externalities are estimated. We then apply those values to the three national CBA models to assess an illustrative hypothetical road project. Theoretically, the models should provide similar outcomes when using a common set of parameters. Instead, we show that the choice of national model is crucial to the outcome. The Swedish model, for example, generates a higher cost of travel time than the other models irrespective of the nation from which we choose the parameters. Consequently, CBA-based assessments in the Nordic area depend strongly on the model applied and peculiarities in its coding. Finally, we discuss the policy implications of our findings for appraising national and Nordic projects. Unit Licence Agreement

The applied research is aimed at strengthening the competitiveness of the Integrated Manufacturing Systems strategic sector, considering the learning curve generated in the industrial sectors of Mexico, through Technological Higher Education through the Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico, Instituto Tecnologico de Tijuana, and the Universidad Tecnologica de Tijuana, through the QHS systemic methodology to reduce the gap in the different knowledge of professional skills in the occupational functions of the Manufacturing Engineer in Baja California, the Dictionary of Professional Competencies (DPC), will be a methodological reference for the design of standards of labor, professional and research competencies, according to the innovation of the national model of sectoral competencies.

A survey of paediatric higher specialist trainees was carried out in 2002 assessing career intentions and perception of training. Fourteen years later, with increased numbers of trainees and a national model of care and a tertiary paediatric hospital on the horizon, we re-evaluated the career intentions of the current trainee workforce.To assess the career intentions of the current paediatric higher specialist trainees.A 28-item questionnaire was developed based on a previously validated instrument and distributed online using the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland trainee database.We distributed the questionnaire to 118 eligible trainees and received responses from 92 (78%). Seventy-nine (86%) respondents desire a consultant post in Ireland. Seventy-five (82%) indicated that their preferred consultant post location was in a tertiary paediatric centre. Sixty-two trainees (67%) intend to become subspecialists with 25 (27%) planning a career in general paediatrics. This contrasts with the 2002 survey when 76% wished to work in urban centres and 61% of trainees planned a career in general paediatrics.There appears to be a mismatch between the career goals of the future paediatric consultant workforce and the requirements for staffing paediatric units nationally. This has the potential to complicate the proposed expansion of general paediatricians in regional centres and result in a significant proportion of current trainees failing to secure a post in their desired location.

The article analyzes the existing systems of operational management that are used in the leading armies of the countries of the world, how to use experience for building a national model of troop control.

A biobank is generally in an international setting considered as a sample collection with linked data. In Sweden we have a lot of sample collections, but the definition of a biobank has changed, and it has become an organization that administrates many sample collections as well as an infrastructure to support research. Uppsala Biobank was started in September 2008 as a joint biobank organization between Uppsala County Council and Uppsala University. At the start there were 138 registered biobanks in Uppsala for these two principals. The decision was to have only one biobank, where all previous biobanks would be transformed to be sample collections. Uppsala Biobank has gone from the wish to centralize biobanking administration to be a research infrastructure, a national model for hospital-integrated biobanking, a support structure for biobanking activities in the health care region, and the local competence center for all biobank issues in Uppsala.

IntroductionThe majority of low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) have incomplete death registration systems and so the proportion of deaths that occur at home (ie, home death percentage) is generally unknown. However, home death percentage is important to estimate population-level causes of death from integration of data of deaths at home (verbal autopsies) and in hospitals (medical certification), and to monitor completeness of death notification and verbal autopsy data collection systems. This study proposes a method to estimate home death percentage using data readily available at the national and subnational level.MethodsData on place of death from 152 country-years in 49 countries from 2005 to 2019, predominantly from vital registration systems, were used to model home death percentage standardised for population age and cause distribution. A national-level model was developed using Bayesian model averaging to estimate national, regional and global home death percentage. A subnational-level model was also developed and assessed in populations where alternative data on home death percentage were available.ResultsGlobally, it is estimated that 53.4% (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 50.8%–55.9%) of deaths occur at home, slightly higher (59.7%, 95% UI 56.5%–62.7%) in LMICs, substantially higher in low-income countries (79.5%, 95% UI 77.3%–81.5%) and much lower (27.3%, 95% UI 25.2%–29.6%) in high-income countries. Countries with the highest home death percentage are mostly found in South, East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (above 90% in Ethiopia, Chad and South Sudan). As expected, the national model has smaller error than the subnational model.ConclusionThe study demonstrates substantial diversity in the location of deaths in LMICs and fills a significant gap in knowledge about where people die, given its importance for health systems and policies. The high proportion of deaths in LMICs that occur at home reinforces the need for routine verbal autopsy to determine the causes of death.

Background More than 30 million children are cared for across 5,000 US emergency departments each year (ED). Most of these EDs are not facilities designed and operated solely for children. A web-based survey provided a national and state-by-state assessment of pediatric readiness and noted a national average score was 69 on a 100-point scale. This survey noted wide variations in ED readiness with scores ranging from 61 in low-pediatric-volume EDs to 90 in the high-pediatric-volume EDs. Additionally, the mean score at the state level ranged from 57 (Wyoming) to 83 (Florida) and for individual EDs ranged from 22 to 100. The majority of prior efforts made to improve pediatric readiness have involved providing web-based resources and online toolkits. This paper reports on the first year of a program that aimed to improve pediatric readiness across community hospitals in our state through in situ simulation-based assessment facilitated by our academic medical center. The primary aim was to improve the pediatric readiness scores in the ten participating hospitals. The secondary aim was to explore the correlation of simulation-based performance of hospital teams with pediatric readiness scores. Methods This interventional study measured the PRS prior to and after implementation of an improvement program. This program consisted of three components: (1) in-situ simulations; (2) report outs; and (3) access to online pediatric readiness resources and content experts. The simulations were conducted in situ (in the ED resuscitation bay) by multi-professional teams of doctors, nurses, respiratory therapists and technicians. Simulations and debriefings were facilitated by an expert team from a pediatric academic medical center. Three scenarios were conducted for all teams and include: a six-month-old with respiratory failure, an eight-year-old with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and a six-month-old with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). A performance score was calculated for each scenario. The improvement of PRS was compared before and after the simulation program. The correlation of the simulation performance of each hospital and the PRS was calculated. Results 41 multi-professional teams from ten EDs in Indiana participated in the study, five were of medium pediatric volume and five were medium-high volume EDs. The PRS significantly improved from the first to the second on-site verification assessment (58.4±4.8 to 74.7±2.9, p=0.009). Total adherence scores to scenario guidelines were: 54.7%, 56.4% and 62.4% in the respiratory failure, DKA and SVT scenarios respectively. We found no correlation between simulation performance and PRS scores. Medium ED pediatric volume significantly predicted higher PRS scores compared to medium-high pediatric ED volume (β=8.7; CI: 0.72, 16.8, p=0.034). Conclusion(s) Our collaborative improvement program that involved simulation was associated with improvement in pediatric readiness scores in ten EDs participating statewide. Future work will focus on further expanding of the network and establishing a national model for pediatric readiness improvement. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

The accreditation of Higher Education careers aims to certify the quality of the educational offer. This paper presents a summary of the result of the self-assessment process developed in the Computer Engineering Career at the Universidad Americana, through the National Model of Higher Education Accreditation, established by the National Agency for the Evaluation and Accreditation of Higher Education, The result of the process strengthened teamwork between teachers and university authorities in order to verify compliance with the quality criteria defined for the accreditation of degree courses in Paraguay.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an important area of managerial and scientific debate. Many researchers have contributed to the theoretical development of CSR and, on the basis of empirical evidence, they have tried to formulate theories to analyze the relative issues. These theories, however, are unable to explain why firms’ commitment to CSR varies over time and in different national contexts. This chapter contributes to the existing literature on CSR by providing a multidisciplinary framework to investigate how different national institutions and the governance of economic spheres influence firms’ behavior. The proposed theoretical framework highlights the relationship between the national model of capitalism, stakeholders’ institutional entrenchment, and firm’s choices regarding CSR. Legislators should take into account that the model of capitalism adopted by each country produces direct effects on stakeholders’ institutional entrenchment and therefore on CSR decisions adopted by firms. This chapter concludes by highlighting some implications for policymakers and regulators and suggests future lines of research.

NHS England, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Picker and NHS Improvement started the work described in this article to strengthen how patients, carers and staff working together in co-design and co-production can make a real difference in improving experience of care. Always Events®, which is an improvement methodology for the co-design and consistent implementation of those aspects of patient experience that matter most to patients in a health care setting, was chosen. The approach has been to first test the methodology with three organizations then to spread to a substantial proportion of acute health care providers, with concurrent scale-up within organizations that were early adopters in single settings, and then spread to other providers including care homes, primary care and integrated care systems. For organizations to be successful in embedding and sustaining Always Events, and to have a significant impact on improving experience, we learnt that health organizations should: a) co-produce with patients/service users from the very start and throughout every phase, b) integrate quality improvement, patient experience and person-centered care, c) identify an Executive Leader champion who can support the team to gain momentum from the beginning, d) keep an open mind and not be tempted to pre-determine what changes need to be made; patients/service users & staff know the challenges and have the best, simplest and most affordable ideas for improvement and finally, e) involving point of care staff from the beginning and co-designing the Always Event with them will support engagement and reduce resistance to change.

The use of minimum maximum penalties in order to harmonise criminal sanctions under Art. 83 TFEU has proven little effective so far. A project by the European Criminal Policy Initiative (ECPI), which was concluded recently, demonstrates that a reasonable harmonisation of sanctions must be preferably based on a system of relative comparability. Such a system would allow for an internal consistency of each national model, while simultaneously granting the European Union the possibility to classify the harmonised offences into a predetermined number of categories and by this means create a systematic and hierarchic rapport between the offences harmonised under EU law. This “category model” is ready for further development, and could theoretically even be a first step towards a system of supranational penalties.

This chapter introduces the topics that will be covered in Part V: Efficiency in the Business Models in the Different Wine Industries.

This paper analyzes one of the uncertainties defined for the Dutch long term strategic policy study “National market and capacity analysis.” The question asked was whether the upcoming of self-driving cars would impact the investment needs in the trunk road system for the years 2040 and beyond. The paper describes how the National Model System was adapted to do this analysis, how the scenarios were defined, and which results were obtained. The main lesson from this study is that a “naive” exploration of this question, only assessing the first order effects on congestion, results in a large over-estimation of the reduction (or increase) in congestion. It is crucial to model mode, time of day and destination effects as well, since that will significantly reduce the first order effects on congestion.

Social responsibility of a business entity is seen as an effective tool of public admin-istration. The current stage of development of social responsibility in Ukraine requires state involvement, as its vision by business entities are different, and there is also a need to develop a national model of social responsibility on the basis of international standards, because Ukraine, on the one hand, has the national characteristics of implementation of social initiatives and, on the other, the conditions and resources for their implementation is different from developed market economies. The visions of on social responsibility in the scientific literature are also different. This was the basis for the determination of her essence. We analyzed the interpretations of social responsibility and identified their advantages and disadvantages. Formulation of social responsibility, which is submitted in article, actualizes ecological orientation of the business entity taking into account the need for responsible behavior, and responsibility for actions, which violate the norms of society.

The review collects the data on the approaches to modeling of population risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including methodological aspects and practical significance of modeling results. The general scheme is provided for population modeling that includes three steps: collection of data for incoming parameters, the modeling process itself and its results, and practical application of the modeling. The main population models are described of the CVD risk with examples and results of its usage. The conclusion provided on the airworthiness for national model development of the prediction of population cardiovascular risk, maximally adapted for Russia specifics and for the expected outcomes of modeling in Russian population. The presence of such instrument makes it, for the policy makers, to predict efficacy of prevention meres and effectively disperse shortened resources.

Unconventional learning activities such as games and simulations have been widely used as teaching tools in international relations (IR) in the recent years. The literature on simulations and student learning has often highlighted a lack of empirical evidence in the existing research. The paper aims at providing empirical support to illustrate the ways in which simulations might influence students’ levels of (factual and self-evaluated) knowledge and perceptions of IR. The study is based on extensive empirical material, collected through questionnaires submitted to 298 students who participated in the 2014 edition of the National Model United Nations in New York (NMUN·NY).

China has accumulated exclusive experience in the state support of science and innovation. The results of its study are reported in this article. The analysis of specific program-planning approach for science and technology development made it possible to reveal the role of innovation in the national model of acceleration of China's economy. The positive and negative characteristics of the Chinese approach based on public sector to incentives in science and technology and knowledge transfer from science to production are highlighted

The Bacon Report (2001) recommended an increase in the numbers of occupational therapists, physiotherapists, and speech and language therapists in Ireland. As a result four new programmes were introduced in 2003. These new programmes, along with the existing programmes, resulted in a significant increase in placement requirements, against a backdrop of public service reform and a challenging economic environment. A National Steering Group for Practice Education was established to oversee the development and implementation of a national model of practice education. Three key principles underpinned the development and implementation of this model i.e., the use of an organisational development approach, promotion of an interprofessional approach, and innovative models for delivering practice education. First, the use of an organisational development approach involved key stakeholders in all aspects of the process, thus promoting ownership and collaborative problem-solving.Second, the use of an interprofessional approach promoted collaborative working and the achievement of quality outcomes within relatively short time-frames. Third, the exploration of innovative models of placement delivery has been helpful in relation to increasing placement capacity. As well as benefitting students, some of these models have been positive for patients. The learning from these experiences may be useful for other health and social care professions.

On April 14, 2017, the scholarly discipline-based education research community lost all-too-soon one of its innovative thought leaders, Ronald C. Clute (1944-2017). After a successful career in traditional University academia, Dr. Clute (Ph.D. Notre Dame) became one of the first highly successful alternative academics, alt-ac, by starting and nurturing the Clute Institute as a family-run, academic publishing company that today serves as a national model for helping scholars distribute their work internationally. Always generous with advice, some of the most important ideas he shared with new editors were to: (i) Invest in authors with great ideas, even when the writing is lousy; (ii) If a submission isn’t a great idea, don’t bother already too-busy reviewers with it; (iii) Plan on revising authors always being slower at responding than reviewers; (iv) Allocate more time to growing and nurturing your reviewer pool than you think; (v) Increase submissions by being visible at meetings and talking to presenters and (iv) run a formative review process that makes papers better rather than a summative rejection service. These ideas are offered in respect for his longstanding work.