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Background Physical exercise has contributed significantly to the quality of life of the population. Therefore, countless specialists have established relationships between t people who perform physical exercise and success in the treatment of diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease in older adults. Objective The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of resistance training in the correlation of balance and postural control in people with Parkinson’s disease. Method A systematic review was conducted according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), in consultation with the PubMed, Scielo, BVS (Lilacs), ScienceDirect and Cochrane databases, based on the influence of resistance training on postural balance and control in older adults with Parkinson’s disease, highlighting as the main assessment tool the Movement Disorders Society — Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Results After searching the selected databases and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, 10 studies were selected to compose this review and a total of 556 participants were pooled. It was observed that most of the interventions (60%) had a duration of approximately 30−45 min over eight to twelve weeks, the most used measuring instruments were the BESTest (Balance Evaluation System Test), FOG-Q (Freezing of Gait Questionnaire) and the MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale). Conclusion Physical exercise plays a fundamental role in the intervention and prevention of Parkinson’s disease symptoms with regard to balance, strength, and quality of life.

Considering the context of Computer Science, chatbots are computer programs that use Artificial Intelligence techniques to simulate human behavior in dialogues. The use of chatbots applied to the health area has been growing, especially in scenarios for dealing with pandemics, such as COVID-19, as they help to avoid the burden of face-to-face care. Thus, this article proposes a systematic review of the work carried out in this line of research. After the review, it was found which technologies, strategies and frameworks are most used in recent times, as well as which specific areas of health are having more focus on the use of chatbots.

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência do diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) em cuidadores e inspecionar os pés em diabéticos autorreferidos. Método: Estudo quantitativo transversal, amostragem probabilística de conveniência em cuidadores de crianças especiais atendidas em uma instituição filantrópica com a aplicação de um questionário direto, em diabéticos autorreferidos pelo questionário ofertou-se a inspeção dos pés seguindo o “Formulário para Avaliação de Neuropatia e Doença Arterial Periférica - Ambulatório deEspecialidade” com os instrumentos: Monofilamento de Semmes-Weinstein de 10g, diapasão 128Hz, martelo de reflexo. Resultados: Verificou-se a prevalência de 23,7% diabéticos no público de 114 entrevistados. Na inspeção identificou-se: pele ressecada, fissuras, micose, cor de pele alterada, vasos dilatados dorsais e edemas. Conclusão: Observou-se a problemática de uma realidade local em uma instituição filantrópica, os dados não são generalizáveis. Evidencia-se a necessidade de estratégias de rastreamento e intervenção com foco na atenção primária e autocuidado para evitar amputações e outros agravos decorrentes DM2.

A Inovacao disruptiva introduz um pacote de atributos diferente dos existentes no mercado, e tendem a ser usados em novos mercados ou novas aplicacoes dentro do mercado. Porem, poucas empresas introduziram inovacoes genuinamente disruptivas, do tipo que resulta na criacao de mercados e modelos de negocios inteiramente novos. Tendo as inovacoes disruptivas como resultantes em criacao de mercados e modelos de negocios inteiramente novos, e importante conhecer as tecnologias que podem irromper os mercados existentes, constituindo novos padroes. Assim, este estudo realizou uma revisao de literatura sobre as inovacoes e disruptivas para compreender seu impacto no desenvolvimento de novos mercados. Quatro categorias foram discutidas: Oportunidade de Mercado, Tecnologia, Marketing e Novos Mercados, e Modelos de Negocios. Os resultados apontam para a inovacao disruptiva como catalizador de novos mercados e que modelos de negocios inteiramente novos sao importantes para constituicao destes mercados, mas tambem um ecossistema e necessario para desenvolvimento do mesmo, assim como criacao de vantagens competitivas provenientes da nova tecnologia. Palavras-Chave: Inovacao Disruptiva. Modelos de Negocios. Novos Mercados. Tecnologia. Oportunidade de Mercado. ABSTRACT Disruptive innovation introduces a package of attributes different from those existing in the market, and they tend to be used in new markets or new applications within the market. However, winning business has introduced genuinely disruptive innovations, the kind that result in the creation of new markets and new business models. With disruptive innovations as a result of creating complete markets and business models, it is important to know the technologies that can break into existing markets, setting new standards. Thus, this study carried out a literature review on innovations and disruptions to understand their impact on the development of new markets. Four categories were discussed: Market Opportunity, Technology, Marketing and New Markets, and Business Models. The results point to disruptive innovation as a catalyst for new markets and that new complete business models are important for the constitution of these markets, but also an ecosystem is necessary for the development itself, as well as the creation of competitive advantages from the new technology. Keywords: Disruptive Innovation. Business Models. New Markets. Technology. Market Opportunity.

OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of using an educational booklet and a video alone or together in promoting maternal self-efficacy to prevent childhood diarrhea. DESIGN AND SAMPLE Randomized multicenter clinical trial with 522 mothers of children under 5 years of age from northeastern Brazil. They were allocated into eight groups, according to the city: metropolis - video alone (N = 61), booklet alone (N = 60), booklet and video along (N = 60), without intervention (N = 60); countryside - booklet alone (N = 70), video alone (N = 70), booklet and video along (N = 71), without intervention (N = 70). MEASUREMENTS A sociodemographic form and the Maternal Self-Efficacy Scale for preventing early childhood diarrhea. RESULTS Increases in self-efficacy scores were observed in all experimental groups after the educational intervention. Urban mothers living had greater self-efficacy than rural mothers. This result was verified in the video alone group (p = .036) and without intervention group (p = .003). Mothers in all intervention groups, regardless of the educational intervention used, had higher self-efficacy scores than the comparison group mothers (p

Graphical abstract, On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The outbreak caused a worldwide impact, becoming a health threat to the general population and its professionals. To date, there are no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines for the COVID-19 infection, however, some drugs are being clinically tested. The use of these drugs on large scale raises great concern about their imminent environmental risk, since the elimination of these compounds by feces and urine associated with the inefficiency of sewage treatment plants in their removal can result in their persistence in the environment, putting in risk the health of humans and of other species. Thus, the goal of this work was to conduct a review of other studies that evaluated the presence of the drugs chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ivermectin, dexamethasone, remdesivir, favipiravir and some HIV antivirals in the environment. The research indicated the presence of these drugs in the environment in different regions, with concentration data that could serve as a basis for further comparative studies following the pandemic.

A presente revisão aborda aspectos históricos do uso da inseminação artificial (IA) como o início de uma nova era nas biotécnicas reprodutivas. No decorrer desta revisão, procurou-se relatar a evolução da IA no sentido de melhorar essa ferramenta de manejo reprodutivo com o advento da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF). São apresentadas as vantagens do uso dessas biotécnicas no manejo reprodutivo em bovinos de leite e corte, assim como algumas limitações, os ganhos em produtividade de leite e carne, a otimização do trabalho, ganhos genéticos e a contribuição sanitária no que diz respeito à prevenção de doenças da reprodução e daquelas que interferem na reprodução. Diante dos trabalhos apresentados, pode-se concluir que tanto a IA convencional como a IATF constituem ferramentas de manejo reprodutivo que ganham espaço crescente na bovinocultura por proporcionarem ganhos econômicos viáveis além possibilitar uma grande contribuição para organização e planejamento da atividade pecuária.

Objective: To verify the association between the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (FCH) and the estimate of the glomerular filtration rate (eTFG) in hypertensive patients. Method: This was a cross-sectional and retrospective study, consisting of 146 medical records of hypertensive adults consulted between 2013 and 2017 at the HUUFMA Kidney Disease Prevention Center. Sociodemographic data, clinical conditions and laboratory tests were considered, these were analyzed by the statistical program SPSS 21.0®. Results: FCH was present in 84.2% (n = 123) of the sample and 65% (n =, of this, were women. The eRFG presented an average of 69.3 ± 23.9 mL / min in 1.73 m² in the group with FCH and a mean of 91.4 ± 42.6 mL / min in 1.73 m² in the group without FCH, with a significant association (p

Desde 1992, os smartphones conquistam forte e crescente protagonismo nas comunicacoes, com significativos impactos nas relacoes humanas e produtivas. Com vistas a identificar o potencial de apropriacao das tecnologias 4.0 pelo setor produtivo brasileiro, uma prospeccao do cenario cientifico-tecnologico e mercadologico do segmento de smartphones foi realizada. A analise dos dados evidencia que o Brasil e consumidor de tecnologias exogenas, o que fragiliza a competitividade do pais.

Os eventos adversos representam um grave problema na assistência de saúde na unidade de terapia intensiva, impactando diretamente no tempo de internação hospitalar e mortalidade dos pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar medidas de prevenção relacionadas aos eventos adversos na unidade de terapia intensiva por meio de revisão de literatura Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Google acadêmico, publicados entre 2014 a 2020, utilizado os descritores: Medidas preventivas, eventos adversos, unidade de terapia intensiva e segurança do paciente. Resultados: doze artigos foram selecionados tendo como categorias da discussão: Eventos adversos com maior taxa de incidência na unidade de terapia intensiva, fatores relacionados a ocorrência de eventos adversos na unidade de terapia intensiva e medidas de prevenção destes eventos adversos. Conclusão: Para prevenção dos eventos adversos, devem ser implementadas, estratégias pelos gestores de enfermagem visando melhoria da assistência, redução de sobrecarga de trabalho dos profissionais, registros completos em prontuários eletrônicos, educação continuada, comunicação efetiva entre equipe multiprofissional, estabelecimento de normas institucionais e minimização de falhas assistenciais.

In HIV-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated to adipose tissue redistribution known as lipodystrophy (LD). This study aimed at verifying the association between the polymorp...

Background The association of scaling and root planing (SRP) with systemic metronidazole (MTZ) plus amoxicillin (AMX) has shown to be an effective treatment protocol, particularly for periodontitis stages III and IV, generalized. More recently, probiotics have also been suggested as a promising adjunctive treatment for periodontal diseases due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) is to evaluate the clinical, microbiological, and immunological effects of probiotics as adjuncts to SRP alone or with MTZ+AMX in the treatment of periodontitis. Methods Subjects with periodontitis are being randomly assigned to receive (i) SRP alone, or with (ii) two probiotic lozenges/day for 90 days (Prob), (iii) MTZ (400 mg) and AMX (500 mg) thrice a day (TID) for 14 days (MTZ+AMX), or (iv) Prob and MTZ+AMX. Subjects are being monitored for up to 12 months post-treatment. Nine subgingival plaque samples per patient are being collected at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-therapy and analyzed by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization for 40 bacterial species. Peripheral blood and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of four randomly selected periodontal sites will be analyzed by means of a multiplex fluorescent bead-based immunoassay for 17 cyto/chemokines. Statistical analyses The significance of differences in each group (over the course of the study) will be sought using repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman tests and among groups (at each time point) using either ANOVA/ANCOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests, depending on normality of the data. The chi-square test will be used to compare differences in the frequency of subjects achieving the clinical endpoint for treatment (≤ 4 sites with PD ≥ 5 mm) at 1 year and of self-perceived adverse effects. A stepwise forward logistic regression analysis will be performed in order to investigate the impact of different predictor variables on the percentage of patients achieving the clinical endpoint for treatment. The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) with different treatment protocols will be also calculated. Statistical significance will be set at 5%. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03733379. Registered on November 7, 2018.

Introdução: A internação gera alto grau de estresse e ansiedade na família. O ambiente é percebido por eles como um espaço agressivo e ameaçador, pois evidencia o risco de morte do ente querido. Objetivo: Realizar acompanhamento de valores pressóricos de familiares cuidadores de pacientes internados para averiguar possiveis oscilações relacionadas ao estresse intra-hospitalar. Material e métodos: O presente estudo foi do tipo prospectivo, descritivo com abordagem quantitativa no qual foi realizado o registro pressórico dos acompanhantes de pacientes internados, no período de seis meses e averiguação dos fatores causais de maior estresse entre eles. Resultados: No período foram selecionados, por demanda espontânea, 48 acompanhantes de pacientes internados, dos quais 10,4% já declararam ser hipertensos e dos que declararam não ser hipertensos, 25% tiveram pico hipertensivo no primeiro dia como cuidador e 8,3% no decorrer dos dias, 4,1% teve elevação repentina da pressão arterial tendo que haver intervenção médica urgente. Conclusão: Os fatores estressores relacionados a permanência de um familiar cuidador em um ambiente hospitalar têm grande influência sobre o aumento dos valores pressóricos deles, principalmente ao se tratar de um hospital onde albergam pacientes com doenças infectocontagiosas.

Objective While chronic feeding with high-fat or high-sugar diets is known related to obesity and type 2 diabetes, later data have indicated that it is also related to depression and anxiety appearance. In this regard, multi-target drugs raise considerable interest as promising therapeutic solutions to complex diseases. Considering the pharmacological effects of the imidazopyridine-derivative moiety imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and the organoselenium molecules, the combination of both could be a feasible strategy to develop efficient drugs to handle obesity and related comorbidities, for example dyslipidemia and mood disorders. Methods The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like properties of a selanylimidazopyridine compound, 2-Phenyl-3-(phenylselanyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (3-SePh-IP), were evaluated on high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFFD)-fed female Swiss mice. Key findings Our results showed that a short-term HFFD (16 days) could promote a significant body weight gain, hypercholesterolemia, glucose intolerance, and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in mice. Concomitant treatment with 3-SePh-IP (10 mg/kg; i.p.) attenuated the HFFD-induced increase in cholesterol levels and blunted the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviour in mice. Conclusions 3-SePh-IP holds multimodal pharmacological properties, which provide a rationale for further studies, for example to assess the underlying mechanisms linked to its anxiolytic- and antidepressive-like activities.

Background There are distinct differences in the implementation of physiotherapeutic care in nursing homes. Both nationally and internationally staffing levels of physiotherapy differ significantly between and within nursing homes. Since legislation or guidelines that specify the parameters of physiotherapy required in nursing homes are lacking, it is unknown how physiotherapists currently estimate the usefulness and necessity of physiotherapy in individual situations in long-term care. The purpose of this study was to describe how physiotherapists actually work, and how they want to work, in daily practice in Dutch nursing homes. Methods We performed a qualitative study with an online questionnaire. We asked 72 physiotherapists working in Dutch nursing homes to describe as accurately as possible usual care in nine different cases in long-term care. Furthermore we asked them to describe their role in the prevention and treatment of a number of indicators that measure the quality of care in nursing homes. Two reviewers thematically analysed the answers to the questionnaires. Results Forty-six physiotherapists returned the questionnaire. Physiotherapy services include active exercise therapy aimed to improve mobility and movement dysfunctions, advising on prevention and management of falls, pressure ulcers, incontinence, malnutrition and sarcopenia, overweight, physical restraints, intertrigo, chronic wounds, behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia, and physical inactivity, and ergonomic and behavioural training. The way and extent in which physiotherapists are involved in the various care- and functional problems differs and depends on organisational and personal factors such as, organisation’s policy, type of ward, time pressure, staffing level, collaboration with other members of the multidisciplinary team, or lack of knowledge. Conclusion Physiotherapists in nursing homes are involved in the prevention and management of different care situations and functional problems. The way in which they are involved differs between physiotherapist. Aiming for more uniformity seems necessary. A shared vision can help physiotherapists to work more consistently and will strengthen their position in nursing homes.

This research communication presents an automatic method for the counting of somatic cells in buffalo milk, which includes the application of a fuzzy clustering method and image processing techniques (somatic cell count with fuzzy clustering and image processing|, SCCFCI). Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk is the main biomarker for assessing milk quality and it is traditionally performed by exhaustive methods consisting of the visual observation of cells in milk smears through a microscope, which generates uncertainties associated with human interpretation. Unlike other similar works, the proposed method applies the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) method as a preprocessing step in order to separate the images (objects) of the cells into clusters according to the color intensity. This contributes signficantly to the performance of the subsequent processing steps (thresholding, segmentation and recognition/identification). Two methods of thresholding were evaluated and the Watershed Transform was used for the identification and separation of nearby cells. A detailed statistical analysis of the results showed that the SCCFCI method is able to provide results which are consistent with those obtained by conventional counting. This method therefore represents a viable alternative for quality control in buffalo milk production.

Environmental education (EE) is a continuous action that aims to educate and trains individuals concerned with environmental problems, leading them to seek conservation, preservation and sustainability of the environment. The school, as a training space and developer of cultural, social and cognitive aspects, plays a fundamental role in the formation of the ecological subject - concept related to the ideal way of life inspired by ecologically oriented attitudes. The present study aims to analyze the influence of environmental education in the formation of the ecological subject in the school environment, based on the assessment of the environmental perception of the teaching staff, technical team and student body of a state public school, located in the city of Arapiraca/AL. For this, questionnaires were applied to the different groups that make up the school staff. After obtaining the data, they were analyzed in a descriptive way, organized in tables and/or graphs to support the discussions. From the data obtained, it was possible to perceive that the members of the school (teachers, technical staff and students) present a limited and superficial view of what EE is and how it can contribute to the conservation of the environment. In addition, although there are projects aimed at EE at school and teachers that address the theme in the classroom, still these actions have been incipient. Therefore, it is necessary that teachers often insert elements of EE in their classes and develop specific projects focused on this theme, with the aim of making students more susceptible to the development of sustainable practices and habits. Like teachers and students, the technical team also needs to be involved in ecological projects so that their environmental sensitivity is awakened. KEYWORDS: Environmental perception, Students, Public school. RESUMO: Educação ambiental (EA) é uma ação contínua que visa educar e formar indivíduos preocupados com os problemas ambientais, levando-os a compreender a importância da conservação, preservação e sustentabilidade para o meio ambiente. A escola, enquanto espaço formador e desenvolvedor de aspectos culturais, sociais e cognitivos, exerce papel fundamental na formação do sujeito ecológico –conceito relacionado ao modo ideal de vida inspirado em atitudes ecologicamente orientadas. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a influência da EA na formação do sujeito ecológico no ambiente escolar, a partir da avaliação da percepção ambiental do corpo docente, corpo discente e equipe técnica de uma escola pública estadual, localizada no município de Arapiraca – AL. Para isso, foram aplicados questionários para os diferentes grupos que integram o corpo escolar. Após a obtenção dos dados, os mesmos foram analisados de modo descritivo, organizados em tabelas e/ou gráficos para subsidiar as discussões. A partir dos dados obtidos, pôde-se perceber que os integrantes da escola (professores, alunos e equipe técnica) apresentam uma visão limitada e superficial do que é EA e de como se pode contribuir para a conservação do meio ambiente. Além disso, embora haja projetos voltados para a EA na escola e professores que abordam a temática em sala de aula, ainda assim, essas ações têm sido incipientes. Portanto, torna-se necessário que os professores insiram, frequentemente, elementos de EA em suas aulas e elaborem projetos específicos voltados para essa temática, com o intuito de os alunos serem mais suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento de práticas e hábitos sustentáveis. Semelhantemente aos professores e alunos, a equipe técnica também precisa estar envolvida nos projetos ecológicos para que sua sensibilidade ambiental seja despertada. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Percepção ambiental, alunos, escola pública.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as variações anatômicas dos ramos motores do nervo radial na região do cotovelo. Foram avaliadas a origem, curso, comprimento, ramificações, pontos motores e relações com estruturas vizinhas. Materiais e Métodos Foram dissecados 30 membros de 15 cadáveres adultos, preparados por injeção intra-arterial de uma solução de glicerina e formol a 10%. Resultados O primeiro ramo do nervo radial no antebraço foi para o músculo braquiorradial (BR), que se origina proximalmente à divisão do nervo radial em ramo superficial do nervo radial (RSNR) e nervo interósseo posterior (NIP) em todos os membros. Os ramos para o músculo extensor radial longo do carpo (ERLC) se desprenderam do nervo radial proximalmente à sua divisão em 26 membros, em 2, nos pontos de divisão, em outros 2, do NIP. Em seis, os ramos para os músculos BR e ERLC originavam-se de um tronco comum. Identificamos a origem do ramo para o músculo extensor radial curto do carpo (ERCC) no NIP em 14 membros, no RSNR em 12, e no nervo radial em apenas 4. O ramo para o músculo supinador originou-se do NIP em todos os membros. Conclusão O conhecimento da anatomia dos ramos motores do nervo radial é importante quando se realizam procedimentos cirúrgicos na região, como a abordagem do terço proximal e da cabeça do rádio, a liberação das síndromes compressivas do nervo interósseo posterior e do túnel radial, as transferências nervosas distais, e para entender a ordem de recuperação da função muscular após uma lesão nervosa.

Thermocapillarity is a physical phenomenon used in many industrial processes, mainly in the field of miniaturization. Thermocapillary forces are the base of thermocapillary pumping (TCP), in which a drop of liquid moves through a microchannel or flat surface after temperature gradient occurs. The objective of this work was to study the thermocapillary convection during pumping without inserting external particles, monitored by the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique. The experiment consisted of a Pasteur tube containing a yellow fluorescein solution (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 Molar), illuminated by a laser beam of 545 nm, 40 mW. After 2 minutes of illumination, the thermocapillary movement occurred at a distance of 0.05 mm below the meniscus when using a laser beam of 545 nm, 3 mW. The images were captured by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and processed using the PIV technique. The results showed an internal conversion capacity between the intersystem crossing, vibrational, and relaxation phenomena, also demonstrating the potential for applying the proposed approach. The images presented velocity distribution caused by thermocapillarity. The PIV was a useful tool for convective flow analysis if connected to appropriate image processing and enhancement techniques. In conclusion, the research showed the images with velocity distribution caused by thermocapillarity.

Environmental Education is understood as the processes through which the individual and the community build social values, knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences aimed at the conservation of the environment. Based on the concern about the population's level of awareness about the large amount of waste generated, which cause various environmental problems, the aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental perception about the selective collection of 8th grade students from a public elementary school located in the city of Arapiraca-AL. The research is characterized as qualitative and quantitative, exploratory and descriptive. To assess the environmental perception, questionnaires were applied to 65 students from the 8th grade of elementary school. Then, the data were tabulated using Microsoft Excel for Windows® tools. It was noticeable that the students, aged between 12 and 17 years old, already had a discernment of the importance of AE and of selective collection, however, the sensitivity regarding effective actions related to this theme has not yet been observed. In short, greater school intervention is needed to raise students' awareness and awareness, contextualizing and problematizing environmental issues, in the classroom and developing projects alluding to the theme. For this, the distance between the theoretical discourse and effective actions must be narrowed, be they directed to the problem of garbage or to any others that permeate the applicability of Environmental Education. KEYWORDS: Environmental education, Waste separation, Public education. RESUMO: Educação Ambiental é compreendida como os processos por meio dos quais o indivíduo e a coletividade constroem valores sociais, conhecimentos, habilidades, atitudes e competências voltadas para a conservação do meio ambiente. Baseando-se na preocupação acerca do nível de conscientização da população sobre a grande quantidade de resíduos gerados, causadores de vários problemas ambientais, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a percepção ambiental acerca da coleta seletiva, de alunos de 8º ano de uma escola pública de ensino fundamental, localizada no município de Arapiraca-AL. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como quali-quantitativa, do tipo exploratória e descritiva. Para a avaliação da percepção ambiental foram aplicados questionários a 65 alunos de 8º ano do ensino fundamental. Em seguida, os dados foram tabulados com o uso de ferramentas do programa Microsoft Excel for Windows®. Foi perceptível que os alunos, de faixa etária entre 12 a 17 anos, já possuíam discernimento da importância da EA e da coleta seletiva, contudo não foi observada ainda a sensibilidade no que tange a ações efetivas relativas a essa temática. Em suma, é necessária maior intervenção da escola na sensibilização e conscientização dos alunos, contextualizando e problematizando as questões ambientais em sala de aula e desenvolvendo projetos alusivos ao tema. Para isso, deve-se estreitar a distância entre o discurso teórico e as ações efetivas, sejam estas direcionadas à problemática do lixo ou a quaisquer outras que permeiem a aplicabilidade da Educação Ambiental. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Educação Ambiental, Separação de resíduos, Ensino público.

RESUMO: O uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos é um grave problema ambiental e de saúde pública. O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar as práticas de uso de agrotóxicos na horticultura, bem como o perfil dos horticultores do município de Arapiraca-AL. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, entre março e maio de 2019, em 25 propriedades, localizadas em quatro povoados da zona rural. A análise de frequência dos dados foi efetuada no Microsoft Excel for Windows®. Alguns resultados observados foram: 40% dos horticultores eram da faixa entre 20 e 29 anos; 48% possuíam o ensino fundamental incompleto; 50,62% das hortaliças mais cultivadas foram alface (Lactuta sativa L.), coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.) e pimentão (Capsicum annum L.); os principais agrotóxicos utilizados foram o Roundup®, o Amistar Top® e o Premio®; 56% dos entrevistados utilizavam agrotóxicos, semanalmente; 88% dos horticultores utilizavam equipamentos de proteção individual durante a aplicação dos agrotóxicos; 12% dos horticultores informaram apresentar alguns sintomas, após a aplicação dos agrotóxicos, etc. Embora a maioria dos horticultores esteja ciente de alguns riscos provenientes do uso de agrotóxicos e utilizarem, em sua maioria, EPI’s, torna-se preocupante o fato desses trabalhadores utilizarem agrotóxicos não recomendados aos tipos de cultivos. Por fim, os resultados alcançados podem auxiliar os órgãos públicos competentes na elaboração de métodos eficazes para melhorias na produtividade da horticultura da região de Arapiraca. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Veneno agrícola, hortaliças, saúde pública.

A pandemia da COVID-19 é a principal causa de mudança e adaptação em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as ações desenvolvidas pelas Equipes de Saúde da Família do Campo no contexto da COVID-19 a partir das vivências de residentes. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, realizado no período de março a maio de 2020. Utilizou-se os registros dos diários de campo e portfólios dos residentes e foram criadas três categorias analíticas para sistematização das experiências. Foi evidenciado que para manter as ações da atenção primária no contexto da COVID-19, foram pontos chaves: reuniões sistemáticas de equipe, educação permanente, atuação dos residentes do campo e a utilização de diferentes recursos para comunicação. Com isso, é essencial no enfrentamento da atual pandemia, necessitando-se fazer desta uma forte protagonista neste momento de fortalecimento do modelo universal, integral, equânime e interprofissional.

The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review to identify data reported in the literature concerning the association of APOC3 (rs2854116), ESR2 (rs3020450), HFE (rs1799945), MMP1 (rs1799750) and PPARG (rs1801282) polymorphisms with lipodystrophy in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) on antirretroviral therapy. The research was conducted in six databases and the studies were selected in two steps. First, a search was undertaken in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, World Wide Science, Directory of Open Access Journals, Scielo, Lilacs and Medcarib. The titles and abstracts of 24,859 articles were read to select those that match the elegibilty criteria. Five papers that addressed the association of HAART, lipodystrophy and polymorphisms were selected for the review. There was no association between the polymorphisms of the genes APOC3 and PPARG and lipodystrophy. Another study described an association between the variant allele (G) of HFE and protection concerning the development of lipoatrophy (0.02) when compared with the reference allele (C). On the other hand, the variant allele (T) of the ESR2 gene was associated with the development of lipoatrophy (p = 0.007) when compared with the reference allele (C). In addition, the genotype and the variant allele of the gene MMP1 (2G) were associated with lipodystrophy in PLWHIV on HAART (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0008, respectively). Therefore, further studies with other populations, involving PLWHIV on HAART are necessary to better understand the role of genetic markers, which may be involved in a predisposition to lipodystrophy.

Em um mercado continuadamente competitivo, as empresas estão dependendo cada vez mais de sistemas informatizados para reduzir custos e aumentar sua produtividade. Uma falha no mapeamento ou na definição dos processos de desenvolvimento de software pode provocar sérios riscos às organizações, que passaram a reconhecer a importância das tecnologias para o negócio. Com isso, as empresas passaram a adotar práticas e metodologias para gerenciar os serviços de TIC e do processo de desenvolvimento de software. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar os resultados de um survey realizado com 52 gestores de TIC de empresas do estado de Sergipe para investigar a adoção de práticas de governança de TIC e processos de desenvolvimento de software nestas empresas. O produto deste estudo é um registro do panorama da adoção de práticas de governança e da utilização de processos de desenvolvimento de software pelas empresas sergipanas. Observou-se que 19,2% dos entrevistados indicaram que as empresas em que trabalham adotam integralmente o processo de desenvolvimento de software para atender as necessidades da organização e que elas utilizam pelo menos uma prática de governança de TIC. Dentre as práticas mais utilizadas nas organizações, 63% informaram utilizar ITIL e 56% utilizam Planejamento Estratégico de TIC (PE de TIC) próprio ou personalizado. Em apenas 23% das organizações, os principais processos de negócio eram suportados integralmente por sistemas informatizados. Espera-se que tal investigação disponibilize informações que retratem a realidade da utilização de práticas de governança de TIC e de processos de desenvolvimento de software das empresas sergipanas e que possam direcionar os gestores no uso e adoção das melhores práticas que permitam o alinhamento dos objetivos de TIC e do negócio.

The early use of antimicrobial therapy has been introduced in many farms to prevent diarrhea and respiratory disease in young calves; however, there is controversy about whether this practice has a beneficial effect on the health of these animals. This study evaluated the influence of the early use of antimicrobials on the health and performance of neonatal Holstein calves. Twenty-six Holstein calves were screened and divided into two groups, according to the administration (ATB+), or not (ATB-) of tulathromycin (2.5mg/kg, subcutaneously) within the first 12 hours of life. Calves were evaluated by general clinical examination, fecal score, respiratory score, and external palpation of the umbilical region, besides fecal output of dry matter. Anemia was determined by using an automatic system and, also, using a commercial kit for iron dosage. Diarrhea was diagnosed by a centrifuge-flotation technique using a sugar solution (Cryptosporidium) and multiplex semi-nested RT-PCR (rotavirus/coronavirus). The performance of the calves was estimated by Daily Weight Gain (DWG). The young dairy calves were evaluated within 12 hours of birth (≤12h) and at 3-5th (D3-5), 7-9th (D7-9), 13-15th (D13-15), 20-23rd (D20-23), and 27-30th (D27-30) days of life. No difference was noted between the ATB+ and ATB- groups concerning heart rate, respiratory frequency, and rectal temperature. Erythrogram showed a higher frequency of anemia in ATB- group (P=0.016) at the D3-5 check-up; lower values of serum iron were also observed simultaneously (P=0.051). Thirteen cases of respiratory disease were detected during this study; however, no significant difference was observed between the groups in this regard. The frequency of diarrhea (fecal score 2-3) was high in both groups, peaking at D13-D15. No differences were noted between the groups regarding the frequency of diarrhea when considering the dry fecal matter. The predominant etiological agent for diarrhea was Cryptosporidium spp.. The DWG was similar between groups, with maximum weight reduction on D13-15. The administration of tulathromycin in prophylactic dose (2.5mg/kg) at birth decreased the frequency of anemia but did not influence weight gain or the prevalence of diarrhea.

Objetivo: Criacao de infograficos em forma de fluxograma alto explicativo, contendo a classificacao de risco dos sintomas de pacientes suspeitos e/ou infectados pelo COVID-19 para auxiliar os profissionais de saude no atendimento e manejo de pessoas nas unidades de urgencias e emergencias. Metodos: Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiencia, utilizando para conducao do projeto a metodologia da problematizacao, atraves do Arco de Maguerez, constituido por cinco etapas (observacao da realidade, identificacao dos pontos chaves, teorizacao, hipoteses de solucao e aplicacao a realidade). Os infograficos produzidos foram veiculados nas redes sociais, impressos e fixados na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento da cidade de Tucurui-Para. Resultados: A ferramenta construida se mostrou de facil interpretacao, sendo util e, principalmente, de amplo acesso, nao se restringindo apenas aos profissionais de saude, que, por sua vez, tem mais seguranca na tomada de decisoes. Alem disso, foi possivel perceber a divulgacao em redes sociais, abrangendo um conteudo atualizado, confiavel e de facil interpretacao aos espectadores em um ambiente virtual. Conclusao: Demonstrou-se a contribuicao dessas midias no auxilio dos profissionais de saude num momento pandemico, facilitando o manejo adequado e correto, o qual exige seguranca, acao e informacao.

Performance measurement is considered a critical strategic process for companies operating in the logistics sector, as they need to perform high service levels under conditions of uncertainty. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the process of performance measurement in a multinational 3PL provider with a subsidiary in Fortaleza, Ceará. 31 indicators used by the company were identified and described, and its process of performance measurement was mapped. It was found that the company does not have a clear and well-structured process for performance measurement, which can lead to misinterpretations and management failures. In addition, the decision-making process proved to be mostly centered on the individual experience of employees, who might make decisions not aligned with the organizational objectives. The study discusses some manners to improve the process of performance measurement in the case investigated and proposes opportunities for further research in the field. Resumo: A medição de desempenho é considerada um processo estratégico crítico nas empresas que atuam no setor logístico, pois elas precisam desempenhar elevados níveis de serviço atuando sob condições de incerteza. Neste contexto, o presente estudo pretendeu analisar o processo de medição de desempenho em um operador logístico multinacional com filial em Fortaleza, Ceará. Foram identificados e descritos 31 indicadores utilizados pela empresa, cujo processo de medição de desempenho foi mapeado. Constatou-se que a empresa não possui um processo claro e bem estruturado para a medição de desempenho, o que pode gerar desvios de interpretação e falhas no gerenciamento. Além disso, o processo de tomada de decisão se mostrou predominantemente centralizado na experiência individual dos colaboradores, que podem tomar decisões desalinhadas dos objetivos organizacionais. O estudo discute algumas propostas para melhoria do processo de medição de desempenho no caso investigado e sugere oportunidades para futuras pesquisas no campo.

This study investigates the importance of fundamental elements of collaborative arrangements from the perspective of the actors operating in Brazilian science parks, and assesses whether these collaborative arrangements are found in the parks’ daily practices. Factor analysis identified ten variables considered most relevant, separated into three factors: (i) individual - commitment and motivation among actors; (ii) inter-organizational - interdependence between parties, the participation of all institutions in decision-making, the involvement of various institutions, and trust; and (iii) financial - funding sources and investments. Frequency analysis identified three elements of collaborative governance, although they are not highly prevalent in Brazilian science parks: commitment among actors, participation of all institutions in decision-making, and investment-related issues. Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar el nivel de importancia atribuido por los actores involucrados en los parques tecnológicos que operan en Brasil a los elementos fundamentales de los acuerdos de colaboración, así como identificar si estos están presentes en las prácticas diarias en los parques. Mediante el análisis factorial fue posible identificar diez variables consideradas más relevantes, reunidas en 03 (tres) factores: (i) individual: compromiso y motivación entre los involucrados; (ii) interorganizacional, interdependencia entre las partes, participación de todas las instituciones en los procesos decisorios, participación de diferentes instituciones y confianza; y (iii) financiero: fuentes de financiamiento e inversiones. Después de usar la técnica de análisis de frecuencia, tres elementos de la gobernanza colaborativa se consideraron relevantes, pero no están fuertemente consolidados en los parques tecnológicos que operan en el país, a saber: el compromiso de los involucrados, la participación de todas las instituciones en los procesos decisorios y las cuestiones relacionadas con la inversión. Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de investigar o nível de importância atribuído pelos atores envolvidos nos parques tecnológicos em operação no Brasil aos elementos fundamentais dos arranjos colaborativos, bem como identificar se os mesmos estão presentes nas práticas cotidianas nos parques. Por meio da análise fatorial foi possível identificar dez variáveis consideradas mais relevantes, reunidas em 03 (três) fatores: (i) individuais - comprometimento e motivação entre os envolvidos; (ii) interorganizacionais - interdependência entre as partes, participação de todas as instituições nos processos decisórios, envolvimento de instituições diversas e confiança e (iii) financeiros - fontes de financiamento e investimentos. Após a utilização da técnica de análise de frequência, três elementos da governança colaborativa foram considerados relevantes, mas que não estão fortemente sedimentados nos parques tecnológicos em operação no país, quais sejam: o comprometimento dos envolvidos, a participação de todas as instituições nos processos decisórios e as questões relacionadas ao investimento.

Background Comorbidities and socioeconomic issues impact outcome of rotator cuff tear (RCT) repair. There are no data on RCT repair outcome from developing regions. We determined the impact of obesity and smoking following RCT repair in a low-income population. Methods This is a retrospective case series. Forty-seven shoulders of 42 patients subjected to open or arthroscopic repair of a RCT with a minimum of 2 years follow-up were cross-sectionally evaluated. Patients were seen in the Orthopaedic Service of the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza-CE, Brazil between March and September 2018. RCT were classified as partial or full-thickness lesions. Fatty infiltration (Goutallier) and tendon retraction (Patte) were recorded as well as obesity (BMI > 30), literacy [>/≤ 8 school years (SY)] and smoking status 6 months prior to surgery (present/absent). Outcomes included pain (visual analogue scale; VAS, 0–10 cm), range of motion [active forward flexion and external rotation (ER)], UCLA and ASES scoring. Results Patients were 59.9 ± 7.4 years-old, 35(74.4%) female with 19 (17.1–30.2 IQR) median of months from diagnosis to surgery and 25 median months of follow-up (26.9–34.0 IQR); over 90% declared P = 0.043) and less ER (P = 0.029) with a trend towards worse UCLA and ASES scores as compared to non-smokers though differences did not achieve minimal clinically important difference (MCID) proposed for surgical RCT treatment. After adjusting for obesity, VAS and ER values in smokers were no longer significant (P = 0.2474 and 0.4872, respectively). Conclusions Our data document outcomes following RCT repair in a low-income population. Smoking status but not obesity impacted RCT repair outcome though not reaching MCID for surgical treatment.

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated cells and can be isolated from many tissues, including adipose tissue. MSCs neuronal differentiation ability has arisen interest in research with these cells in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). To differentiate MSCs in cells that produce dopamine that posteriorly potential to be a safe cell therapy for PD. Methods MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue, characterized by flow cytometry and trilineage differentiation, and cultivated seeded on natural functional biopolymer matrix (NFBX) to differentiate in neuronal precursors. Finally, a neural precursor was cultivated in the dopaminergic differentiation medium. The immunocytochemistry was performed with antibody anti-Nestin for precursor neural and antibodies anti-ß III-tubulin and hydroxylase tyrosine. Then, quantification of dopamine was made by the ELISA kit in the culture medium. Results The cytometric analysis of MSCs and the trilineage test to chondrocyte, osteocyte, and adipocyte demonstrated their pluripotency. Cells seeded and cultivated over NFBX have developed neurospheres, and their mechanical dissociated cells were Nestin positive. Dopaminergic differentiation was confirmed with positivity for ß-III tubulin and hydroxylase tyrosine. The dopamine concentration was very high in one sample (74.91 ng/mL). Without this sample, the media was 2.34 ± 2.13 ng/mL. The difference between dopamine concentrations was probably due to donors' metabolic characteristics. Conclusions The MSCs differentiated in neural precursor cells without genetic modification or growth factors, using only this NFBX. When these neural precursors were induced to differentiate, they were available to produce dopamine, demonstrating a functional neuronal differentiation.

Acellular amniotic membrane (AM) has been studied, with promising results on the reconstruction of lesioned tissues, and has become an attractive approach for tracheal repair. This study aimed to evaluate the repair of the trachea with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) differentiated in chondrocytes, grown on an experimental model. Tracheal defects were induced by surgical tracheostomy in 30 New Zealand rabbits, and the acellular amniotic membrane, with or without cells, was covering the defect. The hucMSCs were isolated and cultivated with chondrogenic differentiation over the culture of 14 days, and then grown on the AM. In this study, the AM was biocompatible and hucMSCs differentiated into chondrocytes. Our results demonstrated an important role for AM with cultured cells in the promotion of immature collagen, known to produce tissue regeneration. In addition, cartilaginous tissue was found at the tracheal defects, demonstrated by immunohistology results. This study suggests that this biomaterial implantation can be an effective future therapeutic alternative for patients with tracheal injury.

Objetivo: Evidenciar a influencia do diabetes mellitus (DM) no processo de cicatrizacao tecidual. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisao integrativa, realizado por meio de levantamento bibliografico, no periodo de agosto de 2019 a junho de 2020, na qual se utilizou como criterios de inclusao artigos em portugues e ingles com resumos disponiveis, textos completos com disponibilidade gratuita publicadas no periodo 2015 a 2020, como criterios de exclusao foram adotados estudos publicados fora do recorte temporal estabelecido, em outra base de dados, aqueles que nao abordem a tematica, e pesquisas com baixo nivel de evidencia. A amostra foi constituida por 24 artigos apos leitura minuciosa dos titulos e resumos. Resultados: O DM acaba alterando a estrutura da membrana celular, modificando a resposta inflamatoria por alteracoes tanto quimiotaxica como fagocitica das celulas brancas, reduzindo o processo de vascularizacao. A inflamacao exacerbada e prolongada observada em pacientes diabeticos contribui para que a cicatrizacao seja falha ou mais lenta, tornando o processo cronico e pouco resolutivo, ocasionando a ulceracao das lesoes. Consideracoes finais: Apresentamos nesse estudo as principais alteracoes do reparo tecidual em diabeticos, visto que, pacientes portadores de DM apresentam diversas alteracoes fisiopatologicas que influenciam em uma cicatrizacao deficiente, atraves de alteracoes celulares, moleculares e bioquimicas.

Analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a utilização da Caderneta da Saúde da Pessoa Idosa (CSPI) na atenção primária. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados BVS, Scielo e Google Acadêmico. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos em língua portuguesa, publicados nos últimos 10 anos, disponíveis na íntegra. Os descritores foram “Idoso”, “Caderneta de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa” e “Atenção primária à Saúde”. Selecionaram-se 07 artigos. A busca compreendeu o período de novembro de 2020. Resultado e Discussão: Constatou-se que 57% artigos eram com abordagem quantitativa. Foram estabelecidas duas categorias temáticas, a saber: a) Caderneta de saúde da pessoa idosa: ferramenta de cuidado e gestão; b) Entraves na implementação da caderneta. Conclusão: Conclui-se que há dificuldades na implementação da caderneta de saúde da pessoa idosa na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Tal fato se dá pela alta demanda de tarefas que os profissionais necessitam cumprir, causando-os desinteresse, pois os mesmos têm uma visão de que esse processo exigirá muito trabalho, mesmo sabendo da importância que a mesma tem no processo de saúde desses indivíduos.

Vaccination is a strategy to the prevention and control of reproductive diseases caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1), however the various compositions of commercial vaccines should be evaluated for their ability to induce protection mediated by antibodies. The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of specific neutralizing Abs against BVDV-1 and 2, and BoHV-1 induced by commercial vaccines composed by different adjuvants. Holstein heifers were vaccinated and distributed in three experimental groups: Group I (G1) was vaccinated with a commercial vaccine containing inactivated BVDV-1, BVDV-2 and BoHV-1 diluted in alum hydroxide as adjuvant (n=9); Group II (G2) was vaccinated with an product containing inactivated strains of BVDV-1, BVDV-2, BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 diluted in oil emulsion as adjuvant (n=10); Group III (G3) was vaccinated with a commercial vaccine containing inactivated BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, besides live modified thermosensitive BoHV-1, diluted in Quil A, amphigen and cholesterol (n=10); A control, non-vaccinated group (n=6) was mock vaccinated with saline. Heifers received two subcutaneous doses of 5mL of each commercial vaccine on the right side of the neck, with 21 days interval. Humoral immune response was assessed by the virus neutralization test (VN) against BVDV-1 (NADL and Singer strains), BVDV-2 (SV253 strain) and BoHV-1 (Los Angeles strain) in serum samples collected on vaccination days zero (D0), 21 (D21) and 42 (D42; 21 days after boosting). Neutralizing Abs against BVDV-1 NADL was detected only in D42, regardless of the vaccine used. Similar geometric mean titers (GMT) for BVDV-1 NADL were observed between G1 (log2=5.1) and G3 (log2=5.1). The seroconversion rate (%) was higher in G1 (78%) when compared to G2 (10%) and G3 (40%). For BVDV-1 Singer, it was also possible to detect Abs production in G1 (log2=5.8, 100% seroconversion rate) and G3 (log2=3.5, seroconversion rate = 60%), only after the booster dose (D42). Neutralizing Abs to BVDV-2 (SV253) were detected only in G3, observing 90% seroconversion associated with high titers of Abs (log2=6.7) after the 2nd dose of vaccine (D42). Heifers from G1 and G3 responded to BoHV-1 after the first dose (D21): G1 (log2=2.5, seroconversion rate = 67%) and G3 (log2=0.7, seroconversion rate = 80%). In D42, a higher magnitude response was observed in the heifers from G3 (log2=6.1, 100%) compared with G1 (log2=4.3, 100%) and G2 (log2=2.7, 60%). Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the commercial vaccine contained aluminum hydroxide (G1) was most effective in the induction of antibodies against BVDV-1. On the other hand, this vaccine did not induce the production of neutralizing Abs against BVDV-2. Only the heifers from G3 (Quil A, amphigen and cholesterol) generated neutralizing Abs against BVDV-2. The animals that received commercial vaccine containing oil emulsion as adjuvant (G2) had a weak/undetectable response against BVDV-1 and BVDV-2. The best protective response against BoHV-1 was observed in heifers vaccinated with the live modified thermosensitive virus. RESUMO: A vacinação é utilizada como estratégia para a prevenção e controle das doenças reprodutivas, causadas pelos vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) e herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (BoHV-1), entretanto, as diversas composições de vacinas comerciais devem ser avaliadas quanto a sua eficiência protetiva mediada por anticorpos (Acs). O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a produção Acs neutralizantes específicos para cepas de BVDV-1 e 2, e BoHV-1 induzida por vacinas comerciais contendo diferentes tipos de adjuvantes. Para tal, novilhas Holandesas foram vacinadas e distribuídas em três grupos experimentais: Grupo I (G1) foi vacinado com uma vacina comercial composta por cepas inativadas de BVDV-1, BVDV-2 e BoHV-1 diluídas em hidróxido de alumínio como adjuvante (n=9); Grupo II (G2) foi vacinado com produto contendo as cepas inativadas de BVDV-1, BVDV-2, BoHV-1 e BoHV-5 em uma emulsão oleosa como adjuvante (n=10); O Grupo III (G3) foi vacinado com uma vacina comercial contendo BVDV-1 e BVDV-2 inativado, além do BoHV-1 vivo modificado e termosensivel, diluídos em adjuvante contendo Quil A, Amphigem e colesterol (n=10); O Grupo Controle não vacinado (n=6) foi inoculado com solução salina. As novilhas receberam duas doses das respectivas vacinas ou solução salina (5mL), com intervalo de 21 dias, por via subcutânea, na tábua do pescoço do lado direito. A resposta imune humoral foi avaliada pelo teste de vírus neutralização (VN) contra o BVDV-1 (cepas NADL e Singer), BVDV-2 (cepa SV253) e BoHV-1 (cepa Los Angeles) em amostras de soro coletadas nos dias (D) de vacinação zero (D0), 21 dias após 1ª dose (D21)e 42 (D42; 21 dias após A 2ª dose). Os anticorpos neutralizantes contra o BVDV-1 NADL foram detectados apenas em D42, independentemente da vacina utilizada. Os títulos médios geométricos (GMT) de anticorpos foram semelhantes entre G1 (log2=5,1) e G3 (log2=5,1). A taxa de soroconversão foi maior no G1 (78%) quando comparado ao G2 (10%) e G3 (40%). Para o BVDV-1 Singer, somente após D42 foi observada a produção de Acs no G1 (log2=5,8; taxa de soroconversão de 100%) e G3 (log2=3,5; taxa de soroconversão = 60%). Os anticorpos contra BVDV-2 (SV253) foram detectados apenas nas novilhas do G3, observando-se taxa de soroconversão de 90% com altos títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes (log2=6,7) em D42. Novilhas G1 e G3 responderam ao BoHV-1 após a primeira dose (D21): G1 (log2=2,5; taxa de seroconversão = 67%) e G3 (log2=0,7; taxa de seroconversão = 80%). Em contrapartida, foi observada uma maior magnitude de resposta para as novilhas G3 (log2=6,1; 100%) em D42, em relação aos animais G1 (log2=4,3; 100%) e G2 (log2=2,7; 60%). Com base nos dados obtidos, foi possível concluir que a vacina composta por hidróxido de alumínio (G1) foi mais eficaz na produção de anticorpos contra o BVDV-1, em contrapartida esse produto não induziu anticorpos contra o BVDV-2. Apenas as novilhas do G3 (Quil A, amphigen e colesterol) geraram Acs neutralizantes contra o BVDV-2. Os animais que receberam a vacina em emulsão oleosa (G2) como adjuvante apresentaram uma resposta fraca/indetectável contra o BVDV-1 e BVDV-2. A melhor resposta protetiva contra o BoHV-1 foi observada nas novilhas vacinadas com a vacina viva modificada termosensível.

SUMMARY: The objective of the study was to evaluate the anatomical characteristics and variations of the palmaris longus nerve branch and define the feasibility of transferring this branch to the posterior interosseous nerve without tension. Thirty arms from 15 adult male cadavers were dissected after preparation with 20 % glycerin and formaldehyde intra-arterial injection. The palmaris longus muscle (PL) received exclusive innervation of the median nerve in all limbs. In most it was the second muscle of the forearm to be innervated by the median nerve. In 5 limbs the PL muscle was absent. In 5 limbs we identified a branch without sharing branches with other muscles. In 4 limbs it shared origin with the pronator teres (PT), in 8 with the flexor carpi radialis (FCR), in 2 with flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), in 4 shared branches for the PT and FCR and in two with PT, FCR, FDS. The mean length was (4.0 ± 1.2) and the thickness (1.4 ± 0.6). We investigated whether the branch for PL was long enough to be transferred to the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN). The branch diameter for PL corresponds to 46 % of the PIN. The PL muscle branch presented great variability. The PL branch could be transferred to the PIN proximally to the Froshe arcade without tension in all specimens even with full range of motion of the forearm. In 13 limbs was possible the tensionless transfer to PIN distal to the branches of the supinator muscle.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é identificar um método de triagem nutricional específico para utilização em idosos brasileiros domiciliados. Artigo de revisão sistemática utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs e Web of Science para a obtenção de artigos. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram: artigos sobre métodos de triagem nutricional para idosos. Os artigos foram lidos por avaliadores que selecionaram os métodos de triagem e classificaram, segundo evidência de dados de validade, reprodutibilidade e aceitabilidade. O programa EndNote foi utilizado para gerenciamento dos artigos. Foram identificados 12 métodos de triagem nutricional, 3 desenvolvidos para população estadunidense e nenhum para população brasileira. Em 7 métodos o modo de preenchimento foi autorrespondido, sendo que 4 apresentavam dados antropométricos. A reprodutibilidade e a validade foram identificadas em 8 e em 1 método, respectivamente, contudo apenas o método Determine Your Nutritional Health® – DNH, apresentou dados de aceitabilidade, aspecto fundamental na escolha de método para adaptação e utilização em outro país. Dentre os métodos analisados, o DNH apresentou-se como o mais apropriado para adaptação transcultural e utilização em idosos brasileiros domiciliados. Abstract The scope of this article is to identify a specific method of nutritional screening for use on elderly Brazilians living at home. It is a systematic review article using the PubMed, LILACS and Web of Science databases. The eligibility criterion was articles about nutritional screening methods for the elderly. The articles were read by evaluators who selected the methods and classified them according to evidence of validity, reproducibility and acceptability. EndNote software was used for scrutiny of the articles. Twelve methods of nutritional screening were identified, 3 being developed for use in the US population (n = 4), though none for the Brazilian population. In seven methods, the forms were filled out by the elderly themselves, and 4 of these presented anthropometric measures. Only one method produced information on acceptability. Reproducibility and validity was identified in 1 and 8, respectively, however only the Determine Your Nutritional Health® - DNH method presented acceptability data, which is a fundamental aspect in the choice for adaptation and use of the method in another country. Among the methods studied, the DNH was the most appropriate for cross-cultural adaptation and use on elderly Brazilians living at home.

To determine the influence of breastfeeding duration in the clinical activity of low-income juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Ninety-one JIA patients followed in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, were cross-sectionally evaluated from May 2015 to April 2016. Breastfeeding duration was obtained by interviewing mothers. Mean age was 14.6 ± 5.2 years with 10.31 ± 3.7 years of disease duration. Polyarticular category predominated, with 39 (42.8%) patients, followed by 23 (25.3%) oligoarticular and 17 (18.7%) enthesitis-related. Forty-seven (61.8%) were receiving methotrexate isolated or combined to leflunomide, which was used by 12 (15.4%); 30 (32.9%) were on biologic DMARD with 16 (53.3%) etanercept, 8 (26.7%) adalimumab, 3 (10%) tocilizumab, and 1 (3.3%) each on infliximab, abatacept, and canakinumab. Mean(SD) CHAQ and JADAS27 were 0.37 ± 0.36 and 5.03 ± 6.1, respectively and 22 (24%) had permanent joint deformities. No family declared monthly income over US$900.00 and 32 (37.2%) earned less than US$300.00. Eighty-three (91%) were ever breastfed; over two-thirds were breastfed for more than 3 months. Those breastfed for more than 6 months had less joint deformities and a tendency to lower JADAS27 and CHAQ scores using minimally adjusted general linear or logistic models, as appropriate. Parental smoking or literacy and family income did not differ regarding breastfeeding time. This is a low-income JIA cohort with the highest breastfeeding prevalence ever reported. Breastfeeding over 6 months was associated with less disease activity.Key Point• Long-term breastfeeding benefits juvenile idiopathic arthritis.