Search

Methotrexate is an important immunosuppressive and antineoplastic drug and is widely used for treatment. However, hepatotoxicity is one of the major adverse effects of methotrexate. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether ramelteon has a possible protective effect on hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were equally divided into four groups: control, methotrexate, methotrexate + ramelteon, and ramelteon. Following a single dose of 20 mg/kg, methotrexate (i.p.), either saline or ramelteon 10 mg/kg (orally) was administered for 7 days. After treatment, animals were sacrificed, and histopathological analyses were evaluated with Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E), immunohistological analyses were evaluated with Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1 beta) and Caspase 3 (CAS-3), biochemical analyzes were evaluated with Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total antioxidants status (TAS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, at last genetical analyses were evaluated with Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) - P53 gene expressions. In the control and ramelteon groups, normal histological structures were observed, while histopathological findings were observed in the methotrexate group. Increasing levels of IL-1 beta staining, CAS-3 staining, p53 gene expression, TOS, OSI, AST and ALT were observed in methotrexate group while were observed decreasing levels of TAS and SIRT-1 gene expression (p < 0.05). However, ramelteon reduced the increased findings in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity (p < 0.05). The results of the present study showed that ramelteon protects against methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in rats via SIRT-1 signaling by histological, immunohistological, biochemical and genetical analyses.

Background. This experimental study aimed to assess the effects of Vitamins C and E on orthodontictooth movement. Methods. Fifty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: five appliance groups and onecontrol group. The appliance groups had an orthodontic appliance consisting of a closed-coil springligated between the maxillary incisor and maxillary first molar (50 g). Vitamin E and C (150 mg/kg)were injected intraperitoneally per day in the first and second groups, respectively. Vitamins E andC (20 μL) were locally injected into the periodontal gap of the moving teeth in the third and fourthgroups, respectively, once every three days. No vitamin was injected in the last (fifth) appliance group.The experimental period was 18 days. Histological and biochemical (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin,and NTx levels) evaluations of the samples were performed, and maxillary incisor‒molar distance wasmeasured before and after the experiment. Results. The amount of tooth movement was similar in the appliance groups. All the vitamin groupsshowed significantly increased osteoblastic activity, while those treated with systemic vitamins exhibitedsignificantly increased numbers of collagen fibers on the tension side compared to the appliance controlgroup (PConclusion. Vitamin C and E supplements positively affected bone formation on the tension side of theteeth during experimental orthodontic tooth movement.

Methotrexate is an immunosuppressive and antineoplastic drug that may induce hepatotoxicity. Resveratrol is a compound that has a protective effect thanks to its antioxidant role. In present study was aimed to investigate posibble protective effects of resveratrol in methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity. Eighteen Wistar Albino rats were equally divided into three groups: Control, Methotrexate, Methotrexate + Resveratrol. After a single dose of methotrexate (15 mg/kg, i.p.), resveratrol (10 mg/kg, orally) was applied for 7 days. Fallowing 7 days, rats were sacrificed. Histopathological (H-E staining), immunohistochemical (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, inducible Nitric Oxide Synthases, Nuclear Factor Kappa) and biochemical (Total Oxidant Status, Total antioxidants Status and Oxidative Stress Index) analyses were assayed in liver tissue samples. Additionally, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Total Biluribin activities were assayed in serum samples for biochemical analyses. Normal liver tissues were observed in control groups. Histopatholocigal changes, high staining of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, inducible Nitric Oxide Synthases, Nuclear Factor Kappa, increasing levels of tissue Total Oxidant Status, Oxidative Stress Index and decreasing levels of tissue Total antioxidants Status were observed in methotrexate groups. Moreover, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Total Biluribin levels increased in methotrexate groups too (p

Experimental animals: 36 female Wistar-Albino rats which were just weaned with a weight of 150–200 g (4–5 weeks of age) were used in the study. The rats were kept in the light/dark and at room temperature (22–24°C) for 12 hours. Adequate amounts of drinking water and standard rat food were given. The study was conducted in the Experimental Research Center, Biochemistry and Histology Laboratories in accordance with the ethics committee rules for animal experiments after obtaining approval from the Experimental Animals Ethics Committee (24.04.2012-06). Pomegranate juice: The pomegranates were washed and peeled and squeezed by hand each morning. Organization of the experiment groups and conduction of the experiment: Thirty six animals were randomly assigned to the following four groups: Paracetamol group (n=10): 1.5 mL/day distilled water was given by gavage for eight days, paracetamol was given orally at a dose of 3 000 mg/kg on the 8th day, Pomegranate juice + Paracetamol (n=10): 1.5 mL/day pomegranate juice was given by gavage for eight days, paracetamol was given orally at a dose of 3 000 mg/kg on the 8th day. Pomegranate juice group (n=8): 1.5 mL/day pomegranate juice was given orally for eight days, Control group (n=8): 1.5 mL/day distilled water was given orally for eight days. Anesthesia, obtaining tissue and blood samples: On the 9th day, anesthesia was achieved by intraperitoneal ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) before sacrifice and a 4–6 mL blood sample was obtained from the aorta with sterile injector. The blood samples were centrifuged at 5 000 RPM for 5 minutes and their sera were separated. At the end of the study, the abdomen was cut in the midline and the right lobe of the liver was removed for histological examination. Measurement of lipid peroxidation (TBARS): Lipid peroxidation was studied in serum and hepatic tissue by way of colorimetric measurement method. Malondialdehide and tiobarbituric acid (TBA) complex is formed with interaction of MDA and TBA at high temperature and colorimetric measurement is performed in an acidic environment. TBARS concentrations of the samples were calculated by way of standard-absorbance graphic. The results were given as μM/mL in serum and as μM/g protein in hepatic tissue. Histopathological examination: The tissues were fixed in 10% neutral formaldehyde solution and paraffin blocks were prepared. Five-micron-thick sections were obtained from the paraffin blocks prepared. The samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosine for histological evaluation. The samples which were stained were examined with Olympus BX50 binocular microscope. The hepatic sections were examined by a single histologist who was blind to the study groups and scoring was performed. The hepatic tissues were examined in terms of increase in connective tissue, granular degeneration, mononuclear cell infiltration, necrotic cells and vascular congestion. The severity of each finding was scored as 0 (normal), +1 (mild), 2++ (moderate) +++ 3 (severe) according to the study of Yahya et al. (23). Afterwards, the total scores of the groups were compared.

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) includes a wide range of diseases from simple fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Alcoholic fatty liver disease and its more serious form, NAFLD, are related mostly to obesity and insulin resistance. Adipokines, secreted form fatty tissues, increases with weight gain and body-mass index (BMI). Previous studies showed that most adipokines increased with liver steatosis but changes of visfatin and IL-6 levels are still controversial. We applied a high dose fructose diet to mice via adding 30% w/v fructose to the drinking water for 4-6 weeks. High levels of liver damage and NAFLD were observed within the experiment group. Visfatin and IL-6 levels were also evaluated using immunohistochemistry. We found high levels of liver damage in fructose group along with increased levels of biochemical liver damage markers. Both IL-6 and visfatin staining were observed higher in the fructose group. Our study suggests that the IL-6 and visfatin levels were increased with obesity and liver damage. We aimed that this study will create an opportunity for new research with IL-6 and visfatin.

Background/aim: To investigate the efficiency of Capparis ovata as a protective agent against acute paracetamol toxicity of the liver. Materials and methods: A total of 36 Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: 1) paracetamol, 2) Capparis ovata + paracetamol, 3) Capparis ovata, and 4) control. Groups 2 and 3 were given Capparis ovata and Groups 1 and 4 distilled water for 8 days. On day 8, 3000 mg kg-1 paracetamol was administered orally to Groups 1 and 2. Samples were taken on day 9. AST, ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, GGT, and ALP levels were assessed. Lipid peroxidation markers and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels were measured in the blood and liver. Liver tissues were evaluated histologically. Results: AST, ALT, and total bilirubin levels were lower in Group 2 than in Group 1 (P < 0.05). TBARS levels were lower in Groups 2 (P = 0.000), 3 (P = 0.001), and 4 (P = 0.001) than in Group 1. Degenerative findings were lower in the Capparis ovata + paracetamol group than in the paracetamol group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that Capparis ovata has a protective effect on the liver, both histopathologically and biochemically, against paracetamol-induced liver injury.

WOS: 000376564200036 A previously healthy 55-year-old man with right sided lateral chest pain admitted to clinic. It was found a solid and painful mass at the right 4th rib in physical examination. Chest X-ray and thoracic computarized tomography showed an opacity measured 60x33 mm within the right chest wall destructing the 4th rib. Needle aspiration was performed from tumor and cytologic examination showed atypic plasma cell infiltration. The patient was scheduled for a chest wall resection and reconstructive surgery. Examination of a permanent section showed that the chest wall tumor was solitary plasmacytoma. There was no evidence of multiple myeloma recurrence after two years from the operation.