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Objective: Anomaly output vibrancy has priority to some cases like portfolio diversification, active management portfolio and relation between risk and reward; also, examination of impact factors on it could be important. Methodology: In this research is evaluated about impact of finance reporting quality and time passage on output of anomaly stock in accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for five years period (between 2009 to 2013). In this study are used from two models of Dechow et al. and Francis for measurement the finance reporting quality and time passage. Also, in this research linear regression is used for data analysis. Results: This study is application type and also in terms of inference is description-analytical (apriority) and in terms of research plan is scientific. Variables of finance reporting quality (FQR2), vibrancy of yearly stock output (VCF) and variable of book value to market value (BM) with significant level of less than 0.05 have significant impact on relative variable. Conclusion: Variables of investment stock ratio (INST) with significant level of more than 0.05 have no significant impact on relative variable, so these variables have no significant impact on anomaly vibrancy of stock output.

The volumetric and morphometric examination of hippocampus formation subfields in a longitudinal manner using in vivo MRI could lead to more sensitive biomarkers for neuropsychiatric disorders and diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, as the anatomical subregions are functionally specialised. Longitudinal processing allows for increased sensitivity due to reduced confounds of inter-subject variability and higher effect-sensitivity than cross-sectional designs. We examined the performance of a new longitudinal pipeline (Longitudinal Automatic Segmentation of Hippocampus Subfields [LASHiS]) against three freely available, published approaches. LASHiS automatically segments hippocampus formation subfields by propagating labels from cross-sectionally labelled time point scans using joint-label fusion to a non-linearly realigned ‘single subject template’, where image segmentation occurs free of bias to any individual time point. Our pipeline measures tissue characteristics available in in vivo high-resolution MRI scans, at both clinical (3 Tesla) and ultra-high field strength (7 Tesla) and differs from previous longitudinal segmentation pipelines in that it leverages multi-contrast information in the segmentation process. LASHiS produces robust and reliable automatic multi-contrast segmentations of hippocampus formation subfields, as measured by higher volume similarity coefficients and Dice coefficients for test-retest reliability and robust longitudinal Bayesian Linear Mixed Effects results at 7 T, while showing sound results at 3 T. All code for this project including the automatic pipeline is available at https://github.com/CAIsr/LASHiS

Prior knowledge and beliefs influence our reasoning in daily life and may lead us to draw unwarranted conclusions with undesirable consequences. The underlying neural correlates of the interaction between belief and logic, prior to making logical decisions, are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify brain regions important in distinguishing belief load of assumptions in logical decision making. Thirty-one healthy volunteers (18-29 years old) participated in an fMRI study and were asked to respond to a series of syllogistic arguments in which assumptions were either congruent (believable) or incongruent (unbelievable) with common knowledge. An interpretable machine learning algorithm, an L1 regularized Support Vector Machine, was used to explain the discriminatory pattern of conditions given the brain activation patterns. Behavioral results confirmed that believable premises were incorrectly endorsed more than unbelievable ones. Imaging results revealed that several connectivity patterns anchored around the insula, amygdala, and IFG were important in distinguishing believable from unbelievable assumptions at different time points preceding logical decisions. Our convergent behavioral and imaging results underscore the importance of the belief loads of our assumptions for a logically sound decision. Our results provide new insights into neural and potential cognitive mechanisms underlying the interaction between belief and logic systems, with important practical implications for social, complex decisions.HighlightsBelief load of premises impact logical decisionsRegional importance in distinguishing belief load changes in different TRsBelief load of assumptions elicits emotional and salience responsesRegional connectivity changes as the reasoning process evolves at different TRsInsula, caudate, amygdala, and IFG were among highly connected hubs during the taskSignificanceIt has been experimentally shown that decision-makers often ignore given assumptions in favor of their own beliefs, potentially leading them towards a subjective rather than a logical decision. Consider “Carbon emission tax” given the assumption of “global warming”. If a decision-maker does not believe in “global warming”, the final decision on “Carbon emission tax” is not driven by factual premises but by the personal belief of the decision-maker. Understanding neural mechanisms underlying the interaction between the decision-makers’ beliefs and factual premises sheds light on factors driving belief bias and potential interventions to circumvent it. The main contribution of this study is to investigate neural mechanisms in a logical reasoning task in which the belief load of the assumptions was manipulated.

Background: Although Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common mental disorder among adults, until recently, it was seldom diagnosed in adults. The significance of this disorder as a disease afflicting adults is increasing on a daily basis due to the complications associated with it such as disrupting occupational and educational functionality, as well as increasing the probability of drug abuse among those suffering from it. Objectives: With due regard to the significance of the subject. This study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the ADHD symptoms exhibited by students at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods: The present investigation is a descriptive-analytical study conducted at Zahedan Universitsy of Medical Sciences. The consensus sampling method was implemented to a sample volume consisting of 1000 persons. Based on the goals set in this research, two questionnaires were presented to the students to be completed arbitrarily: the demographic questionnaire and the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Screening Version (CAARS-O:SV) questionnaire. The obtained information was then fed as input to the SPSS Software for analysis. Results: Of the 1000 questionnaires, 913 were completely answered by participants: 589 (64.5%) by female and 324 (35.5%) by male students. The average age of the participants was 21.7 ± 3.2. About 8% of the students reported drug abuse during the previous month. Compared with the symptom-free group, 27.1% in the inattention group, 30.3% in the hyperactivity group, 28.1% in the impulsiveness group, and 36.7% in the self-image problem group mentioned cases of drug abuse. Conclusions: The obtained results seem to indicate frequent occurrences of ADHD symptoms among the students. This requires further clinical evaluation and, if possible, diagnosis and consequent medical treatment for preventing the loss of educational performance or possible drug abuse, as well as decreasing impulsiveness.

This paper reports the radial bulk-mode vibrations in a gate-all-around (GAA) silicon nanowire (SiNW) transistor at 25.3GHz, with a quality factor of ∼850 measured in air. The radial bulk-mode resonance is excited capacitively in the SiNW using the surrounding gate and gate dielectric as the transducer; the output is sensed piezoresistively by modulating the drain current in SiNW. The SiNWs are defined using standard lithography in a top-down front-end CMOS process, which allows for resonators with different frequencies to be fabricated on the same chip.

In this paper, we demonstrate gate-all-around (GAA) single crystalline nanowires (SiNWs) that are fabricated using top-down standard CMOS front-end processes. The GAA silicon nanowires are fabricated in well-defined locations with high-quality electrical contacts, and controlled geometry and alignment. These SiNW FETs fabricated in this process have demonstrated repeatable electrical performance with threshold voltages of ∼0.2V and subthreshold slopes of ∼80mV/dec. The p-i-n silicon nanowires are highly sensitive to the intensity and polarization of the incident light. The results in this work demonstrate that individual SiNWs are good candidates for high resolution optical sensing and allow for tuning of the optical properties of the nanoscale devices by precise control of the nanowire geometry and orientation of the incident light. These top-down fabricated SiNWs can be easily integrated in high density arrays for enhanced light absorption, resulting in imaging sensors with nanoscale spatial resolution.

This work demonstrates a lateral overtone bulk acoustic resonator (LOBAR), which consists of an aluminum nitride (AlN) transducer coupled to a suspended thin silicon carbide (SiC) film fabricated using standard CMOS-compatible processes. The LOBAR design allows for high transduction efficiency and quality factors, by decoupling the transduction and energy storage schemes in the resonator. The frequency and bandwidth of the resonator were lithographically defined and controlled. A LOBAR operating at 2.93GHz with a Q greater than 100,000 in air was fabricated and characterized, having the highest reported ƒ×Q product of any acoustic resonator to date.

This paper demonstrates silicon carbide phononic crystal cavities for RF and microwave micromechanical resonators. We demonstrate design, fabrication, and characterization of Silicon Carbide/air phononic crystals used as Bragg acoustic mirrors to confine energy in a lateral SiC cavity. Aluminum nitride transducers drive and sense SiC overtone cavities in the 2–3GHz range with ƒxQ products exceeding 3×1013 in air. This approach enables decoupling of the piezoelectric AlN material from the SiC cavity, resulting in high Q resonators at microwave frequencies. The SiC cavities are fabricated in a CMOS-compatible process, enabling integration with wirelesss communication systems.

It has been observed experimentally that solid-solid PnCs have larger bandgaps for a wide range of hole radii and slab thicknesses than their solid-air counterparts. Here, we theoretically investigate the optimal hole radius and thickness parameters for full bandgap formation (accounting for all transverse and longitudinal modes) in PnCs formed from a Si matrix with a square-lattice of W inclusions. The plane-wave expansion technique was used to calculate the dispersion behavior for in-plane and out-of-plane transverse and longitudinal (flexural) modes, implementing a supercell method to account for the finite third dimension. The results are compared with those for a PnC composed of air holes in a Si matrix.

This paper demonstrates silicon carbide phononic crystal cavities for RF and microwave micromechanical resonators. We demonstrate design and simulation of silicon carbide/air phononic crystals used as Bragg acoustic mirrors to confine energy in a silicon carbide cavity. Aluminum nitride piezoelectric transducers are used for drive and sense of silicon carbide overtone cavities at 2.3GHz with quality factors exceeding 3,500 in air. This approach enables decoupling of the piezoelectric material from the cavity quality factor, resulting in high f.Q products at microwave frequencies. The silicon carbide phononic crystal cavities are fabricated in a CMOS-compatible process, for integration in wireless communication systems.

This paper reports internal dielectric transduction of the 41st radial bulk-mode of a ring resonator at 2.79GHz with a quality factor exceeding 11,500 in air. The transducer electrodes are integrated within the vibrating structure in a dense serpentine pattern, with the dielectric-filled gaps strategically placed on the nodal lines to excite the 41st order bulk radial mode. The serpentine dielectric transduction results in a low motional resistance of less than 500Ω, which can be detected by direct two-port transmission measurements. The “notched” ring design allows for anchoring this resonator at the center nodal line of the ring, resulting in higher Q and lower motional resistance. This resonator is fabricated by a double nanogap process, where 30nm silicon nitride sidewall layers are formed using a combination of optically defined trenches and deposition of a high-к dielectric followed by a doped polysilicon layer.