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TWO hundred isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica and 8 isolates of P. multocida were identified by biochemical and serological methods. Among P. haemolytica strains, 6 different serotypes were found while 25 isolates were untypable. The 8 isolates of P. multocida belonged to the same serotype.

Summary The clinical features of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus infection in goats were studied in two field outbreaks and by contact exposure of susceptible goats. Clinical signs observed included sudden onset of pyrexia, necrosis and erosions of the oral cavity, diarrhoea, and pneumonia, in that chronological order. Erosions of the vulva and prepuce as well as abortion were recorded in a few cases. Bacteriological examination of ante — in and post mortem samples showed that the most significant bacteria associated with PPR — infected goats were Pasteurella haemolytica, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococus pyogenes from the lungs, Salmonella sp. and E. coli from the faeces, Moraxella bovis from the eyes and Staphylococcus pyogenes from the oral cavity. The pathological lesions seen in natural PPR included necrosis, erosions and ulcerations of the epithelial layers of the labium, the vulva, and the alimentary tract as well as giant-cell type pneumonia. However, some of the affected goats had fibrinous or purulent bronchopneumonia, most probably caused by secondary bacteria. Zusammenfassung Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) bei Ziegen in Nigeria: Klinische, mikrobiologische und pathologische Charakteristika Die klinischen Charkteristika der Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)-Virusinfektion bei Ziegen wurden wahrend zwei Feldausbruchen und mittels Kontaktexposition empfanglicher Ziegen untersucht. Die beobachteten klinischen Krankheitszeichen waren plotzlich auftretendes Fieber, Nekrosen und Erosionen in der Maulhohle, Durchfalle und Pneumonien in der aufgefuhrten Reihenfolge. Erosionen an Vulva und Praputium ebenso wie Aborte wurden in wenigen Fallen beobachtet. Bakteriologische Untersuchungen von ante- und post mortem Proben zeigten, daβ die wichtigsten bakteriellen Infektionen in Verbindung mit der PPR verursacht wurden von Pasteurella haemolytica, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa und Staphylococcus pyogenes, isoliert aus der Lunge, ferner von Salmonella sp. und E. coli, isoliert aus den Faeces, sowie von Moraxella bovis, isoliert aus den Augen und von Staphylococcus pyogenes isoliert, aus der Maulhohle. Die pathologischen Lasionen, die bei den naturlichen Ausbruchen der PPR beobachtet wurden, waren Nekrosen, Erosionen und Ulcera des Lippen-Epithels, des Epithels der vulva und des Verdauungstrakts und das Auftreten von Pneumonien des Riesenzell-Typs. Obwohl einige der befallenen Ziegen fibrinose oder purulente Bronchopneumonien hatten, durften diese hochstwahrscheinlich durch bakterielle Sekundarinfektionen verursacht sein. Resume Peste des petits ruminants (PFR) chez des chevres au Nigeria: caracteristiques cliniques, microbiologiques et pathologiques Les caracteristiques cliniques de l'infection virale de la peste des petits ruminants (PPR) chez des chevres ont ete examinees durant deux epizooties dans le terrain et au moyen d'une exposition par contact de chevres receptives. Les signes cliniques observes ont ete une fievre brutale, des necroses et des errosions dans la gueule, de la diarrhee et des pneumonies dans l'ordre cite. Des errosions sur la vulve et le prepuce ainsi que des avortements ont ete observes dans quelques cas. Les recherches bacteriologiques d'echantillons ante- est post-mortem ont montre que les infections bacteriennes les plus importantes, liees a PPR etaient dues a Pasteurella haemolytica, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa et Staphylococcus pyogenes dans les poumons, a Salmonella sp. et E. coli dans les matieres fecales, a Moraxella bovis dans les yeux et a Staphylococcus pyogenes dans la gueule. Les lesions pathologiques observees lors de PPR dans le terrain furent des necroses, des errosions et des ulceres de l'epithelium des levres, de la vulve et du tube digestif et l'apparition de pneumonies du type «cellules geantes». Quelques chevres atteintes ont presente des bronchopneumonies fibrineuses et purulentes, tres vraisemblablement dues a des infections bacteriennes secondaires. Resumen La peste de los pequenos rumiantes (PPR) en cabras en Nigeria Caracteres distintivos clinicos, microbiologicos y patologicos Se estudiaron las caracteristicas clinicas de la infeccion virosica peste de los pequenos rumiantes (PPR) en cabras durante dos brotes campales y mediante exposicion de contacto de cabras receptibles. Los signos nosologicos observados eran fiebre que aparecia repentinamente, necrosis y erosiones en la cavidad bucal, diarreas y pneumonias en la ringlera citada. En casos contados, se observaron erosiones en la vulva y prepucio, e incluso abortos. Los estudios bacteriologicos de muestras ante y post mortem mostraron que las infecciones bacterianas mas importantes fueron ocasionadas, en combinacion con la PPR, por Pasteurella haemolytica, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus pyogenes, aisladas del pulmon, ademas por Salmonella sp. y E. coli, aisladas de heces, asi como por Moraxella bovis, aislada en los ojos, y por Staphylococcus pyogenes, aislado de la cavidad bucal. Consistian las lesiones patologicas que se observaron en los brotes naturales de PPR en necrosis, erosiones y ulceras del epitelio labial, del epitelio vulvar y del tracto digestivo y la presentacion de pneumonias del tipo celular gigante. Aunque algunas de las cabras afectadas tenian broncopneumonias fibrinosas o purulentas, estas podrian haber sido ocasionadas con toda posibilidad por infecciones bacterianas secundarias.

A study conducted on 50 healthy senior staff wives (socioeconomic group 1) and 63 healthy junior staff wives (socioeconomic group 2) attending the antenatal clinic at the University of Ife Health Center showed marked differences in the level of serum cholesterol and hemoglobin between the two groups. It was also found that women in group 2 took 6.8% of their total calorie requirements as fat and group 1 women took 12.0% of their total calorie requirements as fat.

Eight strains of salmonellae isolated from clinical cases in domestic animals in Ibadan, Nigeria are reported. Some of these are reported for the first time either in domestic animals or in the country. The possible danger of resistance to certain antibiotics being developed as a result of such antibiotics being used as food additives, is pointed out.

A disease was observed in 3 to 7 weeks old chickens in Nigeria between April 1969 and July1971; seven outbreaks on eleven farms containing20,000 chickens were recorded. The mortality was in the region of 12·5 per cent with a morbidity rate of up to60 per cent. From the clinical signs, epidemiology, pathology and microbiology of the disease described it would appear that Infectious bursal or Gumboro disease occurs in Nigeria.

Background : The incidence of testicular cancers has been increasing in many populations over the past decades and concerns have been expressed about the possible decrease in semen quality in the period. It may account for one of the factors responsible for increasing male infertility in Ilorin, Nigeria. Objective: To find out the incidence, age distribution clinical presentation, duration before presentation and the occurrence of various Histopathological subtypes of testicular tumours in Ilorin. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: A teaching hospital (University of Ilorin) Patients: Testicular biopsies were done on patients presenting at the hospital with suspected cases of malignancies. Materials and Mehtods: All consecutives cases of testicular malignancies diagnosed in the department of pathology, university of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, during the period of thirteen years (1990-2003) were included in this study. Relevant clinical details such as age, clinical presentation and side of involvement of the testis were also recorded. The slide preparations of this sample were retrieved and reviewed. Result: During the span of thirteen years (1990-2003), testicular cancers accounted for 0.05% of all sample received and 0.14% of the male biopsies. Most of the diagnosed cases were in the first decades of life and are mainly germ cells tumours of which yolk sac tumours are commonest subtypes. Conclusion: Incidence of testicular cancers is still low in this environment and may not account for major contributory factors in male infertility in Ilorin.