223 results on '"Luciano, M"'
Search Results
2. Distribution and migration phenology of Purple Martins (Progne subis) in Brazil
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Jonathan M. Branco, Clarissa O. Santos, Joe Siegrist, Jason Fischer, Pedro Abilleira, Erika Hingst-Zaher, Mario Cohn-Haft, Maria C. T. D. Belotti, and Luciano M. Lima
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biology ,Ecology ,Amazon rainforest ,business.industry ,Phenology ,Distribution (economics) ,biology.organism_classification ,Latitude ,Population decline ,Geography ,Habitat ,Citizen science ,Animal Science and Zoology ,business ,Progne - Abstract
Purple Martins (Progne subis) are Neotropical migratory birds that breed across North America and spend their nonbreeding season in South America, primarily Brazil. They have been in a long-term population decline over the last five decades. There are several suggested causes for the decline, but to begin understanding the conservation needs of this species, it is necessary first to fill existing knowledge gaps about migration timing, distribution, and habitat use in Brazil. The presence of this species across most of Brazil makes it difficult to keep track of seasonal or long-term changes in its distribution without careful, widespread data collection. Citizen science offers an emerging opportunity to address knowledge gaps of roost distribution and phenology. Here, we compiled Purple Martin records from citizen science platforms, scientific collections, and bibliography to produce an overview of the distribution and phenology of the species in Brazil. It is present in most Brazilian states, but records are concentrated in the Amazon region. Previously known large roosts in southeast Brazil, especially in the state of Sao Paulo, have decreased in number of individuals over the last decade. Most records are from September to April, although phenology varies with latitude. In the equatorial region (5°N–5°S), which is crossed by all populations that come to Brazil, the number of reports shows strong temporal variation, probably related to the timing of migration in different populations.
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- 2021
3. Truss-type shear connector for composite steel-concrete beams
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Bezerra, Luciano M., Barbosa, Wallison C.S., Bonilla, Jorge, and Cavalcante, Otavio R.O.
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Concretes -- Mechanical properties -- Analysis ,Shear (Mechanics) -- Analysis ,Business ,Construction and materials industries - Abstract
ABSTRACT Shear connectors are important in composite steel-concrete beams. This work presents a new connector, named truss-type shear connector. This connector is an alternative to replace stud bolt in special [...]
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- 2018
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4. Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor With Humoral Hypercalcemia and High Tumor PD-L1 Score
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Shaheed Merani, Mehmet Sitki Copur, Luciano M. Vargas, Allison M. Cushman-Vokoun, Whitney Wedel, and Angela Drincic
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Cancer Research ,Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cancer ,Immunotherapy ,Neuroendocrine tumors ,Peptide hormone ,medicine.disease ,Malignancy ,Oncology ,PD-L1 ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,Secretion ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. They can be functioning tumors with secretion of a variety of peptide hormones, or nonfunctioning tumors with metastases to the liver at the time of diagnosis. Well-differentiated tumors tend to be slow-growing and characterized by low tumor mutational burden (TMB) and lower propensity to express PD-L1. Hypercalcemia due to malignancy can occur in about 20% to 30% of patients with cancer. The secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP) is among the causes of malignant hypercalcemia and has seldom been associated with hypercalcemia of NETs. Although the therapeutic landscape for neuroendocrine neoplasms has evolved substantially over the past decade, the role of immunotherapy has not yet been completely explored in this group of patients. We present a rare case of a metastatic pancreatic NET with high TMB, high PD-L1 tumor proportion score, and high PTH-rP related hypercalcemia.
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- 2020
5. Reliability and uncertainty quantification of the net section tension capacity of cold-formed steel angles with bolted connections considering shear lag
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Luciano M. Bezerra, Valdeir Francisco de Paula, Jéssica Ferreira Borges, and Francisco Evangelista
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business.industry ,Tension (physics) ,Lag ,Building and Construction ,Structural engineering ,Cold-formed steel ,law.invention ,Shear (sheet metal) ,Section (archaeology) ,law ,Uncertainty quantification ,business ,Reliability (statistics) ,Geology ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
In cold-formed steel members under tension and connected with bolts, the resistance capacity of the net section should be calculated, taking into account the shear lag phenomenon. This is done through the net section reduction coefficient, Ct. Different Standards show different equations for Ct. In this work, experimental laboratory data of cold-formed steel angles from the authors are used for the evaluation of the accuracy of the predictions of the net section capacity of members under tension. Such predictions are given by the equations of AISI, Eurocode-3, Brazilian standard NBR 14762, and also by a predictive equation previously proposed by the authors. The paper shows how each equation predicts the tension member resistance capacity in front of the experimental data. Most of the equations in the design standards have good predictions when more sections of the steel angles are connected. The results show that the AISI standard presented the best resistance capacity prediction and lower standard deviations of the output response upon uncertainty.
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- 2020
6. The role of indocyanine green fluorescence in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery and its imaging correlations
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Mostafa Shahein, Ricardo L. Carrau, Marilly Palettas, Thomas L. Beaumont, Bradley A. Otto, Khalid Ismail, Radwan Nouby, Luciano M. Prevedello, and Daniel M. Prevedello
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Pituitary gland ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Fluorescence ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Skull ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Pituitary adenoma ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine.artery ,Skull base surgery ,medicine ,Internal carotid artery ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Indocyanine green ,Perfusion ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
OBJECTIVEThe use of endoscope-integrated indocyanine green (E-ICG) has recently been introduced in skull base surgery. The quantitative correlation between E-ICG and T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced (T1WGd) images for skull base tumors has not been previously assessed, to the authors’ knowledge. In this study, the authors investigated the indications for use and the limitations of E-ICG and sought to correlate the endoscopic fluorescence pattern with MRI contrast enhancement.METHODSFollowing IRB approval, 20 patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery between June 2017 and August 2018 were enrolled in the study. Tumor fluorescence was measured using a blue color value and blood fluorescence as a control. Signal intensities (SIs) of tumor T1WGd images were measured and the internal carotid artery (ICA) SI was used as a control. For pituitary adenoma, the pituitary gland fluorescence was also measured. The relationships between ICG fluorescence and MRI enhancement measurements were analyzed.RESULTSData showed that in pituitary adenoma there was a strong correlation between the ratios of gland/blood fluorescence to gland/ICA SI (n = 8; r = 0.92; p = 0.001) and tumor/blood fluorescence to tumor/ICA SI (n = 9; r = 0.82; p = 0.006). In other pathologies there was a strong correlation between the ratios of tumor/blood fluorescence and tumor/ICA SI (n = 9; r = 0.74; p = 0.022). The ICG fluorescence allowed perfusion assessment of the pituitary gland as well as of the nasoseptal flaps. Visualization of the surrounding vasculature was also feasible.CONCLUSIONSDefining the indications and understanding the limitations are critical for the effective use of E-ICG. Tumor fluorescence seems to correlate with preoperative MRI contrast enhancement.
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- 2020
7. Management of large intraventricular meningiomas with minimally invasive port technique: a three-case series
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André Beer-Furlan, Daniel M. Prevedello, Leo F. S. Ditzel Filho, Douglas A. Hardesty, Ali O. Jamshidi, and Luciano M. Prevedello
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Third ventricle ,Colloid cyst ,business.industry ,Radiography ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Tubular retractor ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Meningioma ,03 medical and health sciences ,Skull ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurosurgery ,Radiology ,Atrium (heart) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The use of minimally invasive transcranial ports for the resection of deep-seated lesions has been shown to be safe and effective. To date, most of the literature regarding the tubular retractors used in brain surgery is comprised of individual case reports that describe the successful resection of deep-seated lesions such as thalamic pilocytic astrocytomas, colloid cysts in the third ventricle, hematomas, and cavernous angiomas. The authors describe their experience using a tubular retractor system with three different cases involving large intraventricular meningiomas and examine radiographic and patient outcomes. A single-institution, retrospective case series was performed from a skull base database. Patients who underwent resection of intraventricular > 4-cm meningiomas with port technology were identified. The authors reviewed three cases to illustrate the feasibility of minimal access port surgery for the resection of these lesions. Complete resection was achieved in all cases. None of the patients developed permanent neurological deficits. There were no major complications related to surgery and no mortalities. Good clinical and surgical outcomes for atrium meningiomas can be achieved through the minimally invasive port technique and tumor size does not appear to be a limitation.
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- 2020
8. Predicting Mental Decline Rates in Mild Cognitive Impairment From Baseline MRI Volumetric Data
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Richard D. White, Barbaros S. Erdal, Sema Candemir, Xuan V. Nguyen, and Luciano M. Prevedello
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hippocampus ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Temporal lobe ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroimaging ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Entorhinal Cortex ,Humans ,Dementia ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Cognitive decline ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Fusiform gyrus ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Brain ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Mental Status and Dementia Tests ,Entorhinal cortex ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Disease Progression ,Cardiology ,Female ,Atrophy ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Alzheimer's disease ,business ,human activities ,Gerontology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
In mild cognitive impairment (MCI), identifying individuals at high risk for progressive cognitive deterioration can be useful for prognostication and intervention. This study quantitatively characterizes cognitive decline rates in MCI and tests whether volumetric data from baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can predict accelerated cognitive decline.The authors retrospectively examined Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data to obtain serial Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) scores, diagnoses, and the following baseline MRI volumes: total intracranial volume, whole-brain and ventricular volumes, and volumes of the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, fusiform gyrus, and medial temporal lobe. Subjects with24 months or4 measurements of MMSE data were excluded. Predictive modeling of fast cognitive decline (defined as0.6/year) from baseline volumetric data was performed on subjects with MCI using a single hidden layer neural network.Among 698 baseline MCI subjects, the median annual decline in the MMSE score was 1.3 for converters to dementia versus 0.11 for stable MCI (P0.001). A 0.6/year threshold captured dementia conversion with 82% accuracy (sensitivity 79%, specificity 85%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.88). Regional volumes on baseline MRI predicted fast cognitive decline with a test accuracy of 71%.An MMSE score decrease of0.6/year is associated with MCI-to-dementia conversion and can be predicted from baseline MRI.
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- 2020
9. Differential Evolution Algorithm for Identification of Structural Damage in Steel Beams
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Erwin Ulises Lopez Palechor, Gilberto Gomes, Luciano M. Bezerra, Brunno Emidio Sobrinho, R. S. Y. C. Silva, and Welington Vital da Silva
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Damage detection ,differential evolution ,business.industry ,Computer science ,lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery ,Mechanical Engineering ,steel beams ,lcsh:TA630-695 ,Stiffness ,lcsh:Structural engineering (General) ,Structural engineering ,Field (computer science) ,damage identification ,Identification (information) ,Mechanics of Materials ,Differential evolution ,medicine ,lcsh:TJ1-1570 ,medicine.symptom ,business ,optimization ,Differential evolution algorithm - Abstract
Problems involving errors and uncertainties from the use of numerical and experimental responses of beams using optimization processes have been studied by many researchers. In this field, to simulate the real behavior of structures, especially in problems involving damage, it is required to have reliable experimental results in order to adjust a numerical model. These difficulties may be associated for example to modeling the connection stiffness, support conditions, or relevant parameters in structures involving damages among others. This paper proposes a new methodology to detect damage in steel beams using the Differential Evolution Technique based on experimental and numerical data. The results show a great potential of the methodology to solve damage detection problems.
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- 2020
10. Monitoring of acylglycerides in the biodiesel production process
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Luciano M. Lião, Igor S. Flores, Roger Pereira Alves, and Lucas Camilo Silva
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Marketing ,Pharmacology ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,Scientific method ,Biodiesel production ,Drug Discovery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Environmental science ,Process engineering ,business - Published
- 2020
11. How to improve the physical health of people with severe mental illness? A multicentric randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of a lifestyle group intervention
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Luciano, M, Sampogna, G, Amore, M, Andriola, I, Calcagno, P, Carmassi, C, Del Vecchio, V, Dell'Osso, L, Di Lorenzo, G, Gelao, B, Giallonardo, V, Rossi, A, Rossi, R, Siracusano, A, Fiorillo, A, Lifestyle working group, Bianciardi, E, Niolu, C, Luciano, M., Sampogna, G., Amore, M., Andriola, I., Calcagno, P., Carmassi, C., Del Vecchio, V., Dell'Osso, L., Di Lorenzo, G., Gelao, B., Giallonardo, V., Rossi, A., Rossi, R., Siracusano, A., and Fiorillo, A.
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lifestyle ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Severe Mental Disorders ,HOMA-IR index ,Comorbidity ,law.invention ,BMI ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Humans ,Medicine ,Homa index ,Framingham risk score ,RCT ,severe mental disorders ,waist circumference ,Life Style ,Mental Disorders ,Psychotic Disorders ,Schizophrenia ,Framingham Risk Score ,business.industry ,Physical health ,medicine.disease ,Mental illness ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,severe mental disorder ,Settore MED/25 ,Physical therapy ,Group intervention ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background People with severe mental illnesses (SMI) have a mortality rate two times higher compared to the general population, with a decade of years of life lost. In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), we assessed in a sample of people with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorder, the efficacy of an innovative psychosocial group intervention compared to a brief psychoeducational group intervention on patients’ body mass index (BMI), body weight, waist circumference, Framingham and HOMA-IR indexes. Methods This is a multicentric RCT with blinded outcome assessments carried out in six Italian university centers. After recruitment patients were randomized to receive a 6-month psychosocial intervention to improve patients’ physical health or a brief psychoeducational intervention. All recruited patients were assessed with standardized assessment instruments at baseline and after 6 months. Anthropometric parameters and blood samples have also been collected. Results Four-hundred and two patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder (43.3%), schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder (29.9%), or major depression (26.9%) were randomly allocated to the experimental (N = 206) or the control group (N = 195). After 6 months, patients from the experimental group reported a significant reduction in BMI (odds ratio [OR]: 1.93, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.31–2.84; p p p Conclusions The experimental group intervention was effective in improving the physical health in SMI patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of this intervention in real-world settings.
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- 2021
12. Including colon in intestinal transplantation: a focus on post‐transplant renal function – a retrospective study
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Alan N. Langnas, Cale Ewald, Shaheed Merani, David F. Mercer, Benjamin J. Swanson, Luciano M. Vargas, and Wendy J. Grant
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Colon ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Renal function ,Specific adsorption ,030230 surgery ,Kidney ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ileostomy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Blood urea nitrogen ,Retrospective Studies ,Transplantation ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Allografts ,Post transplant ,Intestines ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
Intestinal transplant recipients experience a high rate of renal complications secondary to dehydration due to increased ostomy output. It is hypothesized that inclusion of donor colon in the intestinal allograft may improve renal function in patients without functional native colon by improving fluid absorption. A single-center retrospective study of intestinal transplant recipients compared outcomes of patients receiving en bloc colon as part an intestinal allograft (ICTx), and those not receiving colon (CCNTx), as well as a control group of intestinal transplant recipients with functional native colon (ITx). Forty-seven patients (ICTx n = 17, CCNTx n = 15, ITx n = 15) were studied. One-year post-transplant renal function, as measured by change in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) from baseline, was superior in ICTx (mean delta-GFR of -1.31 and delta-BUN of -1.46) compared to CCNTx (-6.54 and 17.54, P = 0.05 and P = 0.17, respectively) and similar to the ITx controls (0.55 and 2.09). Recipients of donor colon experienced a higher rate of ileostomy reversal when compared to CCNTx (62.5% vs. 20%, P = 0.0008), which was similar to the ITx controls (60%). These findings support the inclusion of en bloc donor colon in the intestinal allograft for recipients without functional native colon.
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- 2019
13. Better Response to Influenza Virus Vaccination in Physically Trained Older Adults Is Associated With Reductions of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Immunoglobulins as Well as Improvements in the Inflammatory and CD8+ T-Cell Profiles
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Eduardo S. Felismino, Juliana M. B. Santos, Marcelo Rossi, Carlos A. F. Santos, Edison L. Durigon, Danielle B. L. Oliveira, Luciano M. Thomazelli, Fernanda R. Monteiro, Adriane Sperandio, Juliana S. Apostólico, Carolina N. França, Jonatas B. Amaral, Gislene R. Amirato, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Mauro Vaisberg, and André L. L. Bachi
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Male ,Immunoglobulin A ,Immunology ,Cytomegalovirus ,influenza virus vaccine ,Physical exercise ,Context (language use) ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Antibodies, Viral ,elderly ,Immunoglobulin G ,SANGUE ,Influenza, Human ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Exercise ,Aged ,Original Research ,Aged, 80 and over ,biology ,business.industry ,Vaccination ,Age Factors ,Immunosenescence ,RC581-607 ,cytokines ,Influenza Vaccines ,Immunoglobulin M ,Antibody Formation ,Cytomegalovirus Infections ,biology.protein ,Female ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Inflammation Mediators ,Antibody ,business ,Immunologic Memory ,immunoglobulin ,exercise training ,CD8 - Abstract
Chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a trigger factor for the development of immunosenescence and negatively impacts the immune response to influenza virus vaccination (IVV) in older adults. However, the role of physical exercise training in this context is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the regular practice of combined exercise training can improve the specific antibody response to IVV in CMV-seropositive older adults. Eighty older adults were distributed into two groups—non-practitioners (NP, n = 31, age = 74.06 ± 6.4 years) and practitioners of combined exercise training (CET, n = 49, age = 71.7 ± 5.8 years)—for at least 12 months. Both volunteer groups were submitted to IVV and blood samples were collected before (pre) and 30 days after (post) the vaccination. Concerning the specific antibody response to IVV, higher serum levels of specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) were found in the CET group post- than pre-vaccination (p < 0.01), whereas higher levels of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) were observed both in the NP (p < 0.05) and CET (p < 0.001) groups post-vaccination as compared to the pre-vaccination values. Serum levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) for IVV and CMV, as well as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-10, were similar between the time points evaluated. However, the IL-10/IL-6 ratio post-vaccination was higher (p < 0.05) in the CET group than that before vaccination. Negative correlations were observed between the specific IgG levels for IVV and CMV only in the CET group, both pre- and post-vaccination. In addition, negative correlations were found between IL-10 and specific IgG for CMV in all volunteer groups pre- and post-vaccination, whereas a positive correlation between IL-10 and specific-IgG for IVV pre- and post-vaccination was observed in the CET group. In addition, with the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay, it was found that 32.2% of the NP group and 32.6% of the CET group were responders to IVV and displayed reductions in the CMV serostatus (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) and increases in naive and effector CD8+ T cells post-vaccination (p < 0.01). However, only the responders from the CET group showed significant reductions in the ratio of effector to naive CD8+ T cells (p < 0.05) and increased IL-10 levels post-vaccination (p < 0.001). In summary, this study demonstrates that the improvement in the response to IVV in CMV-seropositive older adults was related to an anti-inflammatory status and enhancement of naive CD8+ T cells, particularly associated with regular practice of CET.
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- 2021
14. A North American single-center experience with liver transplantation using thoracoabdominal normothermic regional perfusion for donation after circulatory death
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Wendy J. Grant, Alexander Maskin, Shaheed Merani, John Y. Um, Luciano M. Vargas, Marian Urban, Alan Norman Langnas, Anthony W. Castleberry, and David F. Mercer
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Transplantation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tissue and Organ Procurement ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Regional perfusion ,Organ Preservation ,Liver transplantation ,Single Center ,Circulatory death ,Tissue Donors ,Liver Transplantation ,Death ,Perfusion ,Donation ,Internal medicine ,North America ,Cardiology ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,business - Published
- 2021
15. Use of Natural Fiber and Recyclable Materials for Spacers in Typical Space Truss Connections
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Cleirton André Silva de Freitas, R. S. Y. C. Silva, Welington Vital da Silva, Luciano M. Bezerra, and Jorge Bonilla
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Computer science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Truss ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,Construct (python library) ,Structural engineering ,Space (mathematics) ,Mechanics of Materials ,021105 building & construction ,General Materials Science ,021108 energy ,business ,Natural fiber ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Space trusses are extensively used to construct large free spans in roofs. In many countries, connections in such space trusses are made with tubes linked by typical space-truss connections...
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- 2021
16. Natural Language Processing of Radiology Text Reports: Interactive Text Classification
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Walter F. Wiggins, Igor Santos, Felipe Kitamura, and Luciano M. Prevedello
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Computer Applications ,Computer science ,computer.software_genre ,Artificial Intelligence ,Informatics ,medicine ,Deep neural networks ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Artificial intelligence ,Radiology ,business ,computer ,Special Report ,Natural language processing - Abstract
This report presents a hands-on introduction to natural language processing (NLP) of radiology reports with deep neural networks in Google Colaboratory (Colab) to introduce readers to the rapidly evolving field of NLP. The implementation of the Google Colab notebook was designed with code hidden to facilitate learning for noncoders (ie, individuals with little or no computer programming experience). The data used for this module are the corpus of radiology reports from the Indiana University chest x-ray collection available from the National Library of Medicine’s Open-I service. The module guides learners through the process of exploring the data, splitting the data for model training and testing, preparing the data for NLP analysis, and training a deep NLP model to classify the reports as normal or abnormal. Concepts in NLP, such as tokenization, numericalization, language modeling, and word embeddings, are demonstrated in the module. The module is implemented in a guided fashion with the authors presenting the material and explaining concepts. Interactive features and extensive text commentary are provided directly in the notebook to facilitate self-guided learning and experimentation with the module. Keywords: Neural Networks, Negative Expression Recognition, Natural Language Processing, Computer Applications, Informatics © RSNA, 2021
- Published
- 2021
17. Clinical Outcomes and Multidisciplinary Patterns of Failure for Olfactory Neuroblastoma: The Ohio State Experience
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Daniel M. Prevedello, Adam R. Wolfe, Joshua D. Palmer, Ricardo L. Carrau, Brett Klamer, Dukagjin Blakaj, Jeff Pan, Raju Raval, Adriana Blakaj, Marcelo Bonomi, Nyall R. London, Paul E. Wakely, Aashish D. Bhatt, Luciano M. Prevedello, and Mauricio E. Gamez
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,Olfactory Neuroblastoma ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Head and neck cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cohort ,Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Stage (cooking) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Survival analysis - Abstract
Purpose Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare head and neck cancer believed to be originated from neural crest cells of the olfactory membrane located in the roof of the nasal fossa. This study evaluates clinical outcomes and failure patterns in ONB patients of those patients treated with surgical resection at a high-volume tertiary cancer center. Methods and Materials Thirty-nine ONB patients who underwent surgical resection at our institution from 1996 to 2017 were retrospectively identified. Univariate, multivariate, and survival analysis were calculated using Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier log-rank. Results Median follow-up time was 59 months (range: 5.2–236 months). The median overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the entire cohort were 15 and 7.6 years, respectively. The 5-year cumulative OS and DFS were 83 and 72%, respectively. The 5-year OS for low Hyams grade (LHG) versus high Hyams grade (HHG) was 95 versus 61% (p = 0.041). LHG was found in 66% of the early Kadish stage patients compared with 28% in the advanced Kadish stage patients (p = 0.057). On multivariate analysis, HHG and positive node status predicted for worse OS and only HHG predicted for worse DFS. Of note, five patients (all Kadish stage A) who received surgical resection alone had no observed deaths or recurrences with a median follow-up of 44 months (range: 5–235 months). Conclusion In this retrospective cohort, patients with positive nodes or HHG have significantly worse clinical outcomes. Future studies should explore treatment intensification for HHG or positive nodes.
- Published
- 2019
18. Nationwide Trends in Use of Catheter-Directed Therapy for Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism in Medicare Beneficiaries from 2004 to 2016
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Danny R. Hughes, Mina S. Makary, Edward L. Gayou, Eric D. Elliott, Jennifer Hemingway, Luciano M. Prevedello, and James Spain
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Databases, Factual ,Specialty ,Medicare ,Catheterization ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cardiologists ,0302 clinical medicine ,Radiologists ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Thrombolytic Therapy ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Retrospective Studies ,Thrombectomy ,Surgeons ,business.industry ,Endovascular Procedures ,Medicare beneficiary ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Pulmonary embolism ,Mechanical thrombectomy ,Catheter ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicare population ,Emergency medicine ,Pulmonary Embolism ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Administrative Claims, Healthcare - Abstract
Purpose To evaluate changes in the use of catheter-directed therapy (CDT) for pulmonary embolism (PE) treatment with attention to primary operator specialty in the Medicare population. Methods Using a 5% national sample of Medicare claims data from 2004 to 2016, all claims associated with PE were identified. The annual volume of 2 billable CDT services—arterial mechanical thrombectomy and transcatheter arterial infusion for thrombolysis—were determined to evaluate changes in CDT use and primary CDT operator specialty over time. Results The total number of CDT procedures increased over the course of the study period, representing 0.457 and 5.057 service counts per 100,000 Medicare beneficiaries in 2004 and 2016, respectively. The proportion of PEs treated with CDT increased 10-fold from 2004 to 2016, increasing from 0.1% to 1.0%. Interventional radiologists performed most CDT therapies each year, with the exception of 2010 when vascular surgeons performed more. In 2016, interventional radiologists performed 3.54 CDT services for PE per 100,000 Medicare beneficiaries, which was 70% of total CDT for PE procedures, followed by interventional cardiologists and vascular surgeons performing 0.92 services (18%) and 0.60 services (12%), respectively. Conclusions CDT is an increasingly used treatment for PE, with a 10-fold increase from 2004 to 2016. Interventional radiologists are the dominant providers of these services, followed by interventional cardiologists and vascular surgeons.
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- 2019
19. Boundary element and wavelet transform methods for damage detection in 2D structures
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Gilberto Gomes, Luiz A. P. Peña, Welington Vital da Silva, Luciano M. Bezerra, and R. S. Y. C. Silva
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Damage detection ,Serviceability (structure) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Computational Mechanics ,Wavelet transform ,02 engineering and technology ,Structural engineering ,01 natural sciences ,010101 applied mathematics ,Computational Mathematics ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Damages ,0101 mathematics ,business ,Boundary element method - Abstract
The detection of damages inside structures is of great importance because damages may be critical for serviceability and safety of structural elements. Only two reliable techniques for nondestructi...
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- 2019
20. Damage detection in a reinforced concrete bridge applying wavelet transform in experimental and numerical data
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R. S. Y. C. Silva, Erwin Ulises Lopez Palechor, Luciano M. Bezerra, Welington Vital da Silva, and Marcus Vinicius Girão de Morais
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Computer science ,business.industry ,lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery ,Mechanical Engineering ,lcsh:TA630-695 ,Wavelet transform ,Wavelet Transform ,lcsh:Structural engineering (General) ,Structural engineering ,Regularization (mathematics) ,Bridge (nautical) ,Dogna Bridge ,Mechanics of Materials ,Normal mode ,Structural Health Monitoring ,lcsh:TJ1-1570 ,Structural health monitoring ,business ,Constant (mathematics) ,Continuous wavelet transform ,Interpolation - Abstract
In recent years there has been constant concern in the scientific community to identify techniques for damage detection in structures. Such apprehension has contributed to the progressive development of Structural Health Monitoring. This paper proposes a methodology using Continuous Wavelet Transform associated with interpolation and regularization techniques applied to the experimental and numerical mode shapes of the Dogna Bridge using only the damaged bridge responses. Dogna Bridge is a four-span, single-lane concrete bridge, 64m long and 4m wide. The results of the analyses are presented and discussed in this paper
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- 2019
21. Prevalence of Low Bone Density and Comorbid Hypogonadism in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis
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Brian P. Boerner, Valerie Shostrom, Shailender Singh, Luciano M. Vargas, Timothy E. Moore, and Namita Gupta
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Adult ,Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Osteoporosis ,Comorbidity ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Absorptiometry, Photon ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Bone Density ,Risk Factors ,Pancreatitis, Chronic ,Internal medicine ,Prevalence ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Low bone density ,Humans ,In patient ,Prospective Studies ,Vitamin D ,Bone mineral ,Hepatology ,Potential risk ,business.industry ,Hypogonadism ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,Middle Aged ,musculoskeletal system ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Increased risk ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Pancreatitis ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) are at increased risk of low bone mineral density (BMD), although the prevalence of low BMD in patients with CP in the United States is lacking. We aimed to determine the prevalence of low BMD and identify potential risk factors, including hypogonadism and use of opioid medications, in subjects with CP in the United States.This was a prospective, observational study. Subjects with CP underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan. Blood was assayed for vitamin D, sex hormones, and a metabolic panel. History was obtained for fractures, menopause, hypogonadal symptoms, and opioid medication doses. Low BMD was defined by both World Health Organization and the International Society for Clinical Densitometry criteria.Depending on criteria used, 37% to 55% of our cohort had low BMD. Subjects with low and normal BMD had similar vitamin D levels. Hypogonadism was present in 27% of nonmenopausal subjects and was associated with reduced lumbar spine BMD in subjects 30 years or older.Patients with CP are at increased risk of low BMD, which is likely multifactorial. Hypogonadism, possibly related to opioid pain medications, may be an independent risk factor for low BMD in CP.
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- 2019
22. A prospective randomized clinical trial to evaluate the impact of intraoperative ventilation with high oxygen content on the extent of postoperative pneumocephalus in patients undergoing craniotomies
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Gurneet Sandhu, Alicia A. Gonzalez-Zacarias, Sergio D. Bergese, Mahmoud Abdel-Rasoul, Suren Soghomonyan, Daniel M. Prevedello, Luciano M. Prevedello, D Targonski, Juan Fiorda-Diaz, Nicoleta Stoicea, and Alberto A. Uribe
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Adult ,Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pure oxygen ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pneumocephalus ,Randomized controlled trial ,High oxygen ,law ,Humans ,Medicine ,Single-Blind Method ,In patient ,Prospective Studies ,Stage (cooking) ,Aged ,business.industry ,Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Respiration, Artificial ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Anesthesia ,Ventilation (architecture) ,Female ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurosurgery ,business ,Negative Results ,Craniotomy ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Purpose of the article: To determine whether intraoperative ventilation with pure oxygen during the last stage of surgery reduces the occurrence and volume of postoperative pneumocephalus when compared to conventional air/oxygen mixture in patients undergoing craniotomy.prospective randomized single-blinded study to compare the rate of occurrence and volume of postoperative pneumocephalus in patients undergoing craniotomy receiving intraoperative ventilation with pure oxygen (Group B) versus a conventional air/oxygen 1:1 mixture (Group A) during the last stage of surgery. This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02722928, protocol number 2015H0032.One hundred patients were randomized into group 'A' and group 'B'. Seventy patients were included in the final analysis with 39 patients allocated in group 'A' and 31 patients in group 'B'. Median and IQR were used for postoperative penumocephalus volume. Group A: 9.65 [3.61-23.20]; Group B: 7.06 [2.70-20.1]. Our study showed no prophylactic effect on postoperative pneumocephalus volume when using mechanical ventilation with higher oxygen concentrations than the standard FiOThe use of intraoperative mechanical ventilation with pure oxygen was not associated with a prophylactic effect on the occurrence and extent of postoperative pneumocephalus in our patient setting. Published literature describing the extent of postoperative pneumocephalus is limited or highly variable among institutions.
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- 2019
23. The RSNA Pediatric Bone Age Machine Learning Challenge
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Rafael Teixeira Sousa, Leon Chen, Alexander Bilbily, Marc D. Kohli, Hans Henrik Thodberg, Adam E. Flanders, George Shih, Mark Cicero, Bradley J. Erickson, Felipe Kitamura, Safwan Halabi, Ian Pan, Luciano M. Prevedello, Katherine P. Andriole, Nitamar Abdala, Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer, Lucas Araújo Pereira, and Artem Mamonov
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Male ,Databases, Factual ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Convolutional neural network ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Machine Learning ,Databases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Computer-Assisted ,0302 clinical medicine ,Age Determination by Skeleton ,Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,Medical imaging ,Humans ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Child ,Set (psychology) ,Image Interpretation ,Factual ,Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Bone age ,Test (assessment) ,Radiography ,Data set ,Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,Hand Bones ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Test set ,Female ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Algorithms - Abstract
Purpose The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Pediatric Bone Age Machine Learning Challenge was created to show an application of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging, promote collaboration to catalyze AI model creation, and identify innovators in medical imaging. Materials and Methods The goal of this challenge was to solicit individuals and teams to create an algorithm or model using ML techniques that would accurately determine skeletal age in a curated data set of pediatric hand radiographs. The primary evaluation measure was the mean absolute distance (MAD) in months, which was calculated as the mean of the absolute values of the difference between the model estimates and those of the reference standard, bone age. Results A data set consisting of 14 236 hand radiographs (12 611 training set, 1425 validation set, 200 test set) was made available to registered challenge participants. A total of 260 individuals or teams registered on the Challenge website. A total of 105 submissions were uploaded from 48 unique users during the training, validation, and test phases. Almost all methods used deep neural network techniques based on one or more convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The best five results based on MAD were 4.2, 4.4, 4.4, 4.5, and 4.5 months, respectively. Conclusion The RSNA Pediatric Bone Age Machine Learning Challenge showed how a coordinated approach to solving a medical imaging problem can be successfully conducted. Future ML challenges will catalyze collaboration and development of ML tools and methods that can potentially improve diagnostic accuracy and patient care. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Siegel in this issue.
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- 2019
24. V-shaped shear connector for composite steel-concrete beam
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Latif Chater, Otávio Rangel de Oliveira e Cavalcante, Luciano M. Bezerra, and Jorge Bonilla
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Materials science ,business.industry ,Shear force ,Composite number ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Metals and Alloys ,020101 civil engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,Structural engineering ,Moment of inertia ,0201 civil engineering ,Shear (sheet metal) ,Cable gland ,Mechanics of Materials ,021105 building & construction ,Slab ,business ,Contact area ,Beam (structure) ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Shear connectors are fundamental components for composite steel-concrete beams. Their function is to bring about a good degree of interaction between the concrete slab and the steel profile. The stud bolt connector is currently the most adopted solution, mainly because of its high productivity and practicability on construction sites. However, there are situations where stud bolts or the appropriate equipment for their application may not be available. Alternative shear connectors can substitute stud bolts. In this article, a new V-shaped shear connector is proposed. It was conceived to confine concrete in a larger frontal contact area and be easy to install and construct. With more contact area, the proposed connector distributes the shear force more uniformly, avoiding high stress concentration compared to the stud bolt option. The V-shaped connector has a higher moment of inertia. It is less flexible than stud bolts and U-connectors under bending. In this research, different V-shaped connectors, with varying thicknesses, are studied experimentally and numerically with push-out tests and FE modeling. The results are compared to standard stud bolts and show that the proposed V-shaped connector may be utilized as an alternative shear connector in composite steel-concrete beams. An equation for the shear resistance prediction of V-connectors is also developed.
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- 2018
25. Artificial Intelligence to Assist in Exclusion of Coronary Atherosclerosis During CCTA Evaluation of Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Preparing an Application for Real-world Use
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Thomas F. O'Donnell, Mutlu Demirer, Barbaros S. Erdal, Matthew T. Bigelow, Luciano M. Prevedello, Sema Candemir, Richard D. White, Engin Dikici, Jessica L. Carpenter, Abdul H. Halabi, Vikash Gupta, and Mauricio S. Galizia
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Chest Pain ,Computed Tomography Angiography ,Entire coronary artery ,Inference ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Chest pain ,Coronary Angiography ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Artificial Intelligence ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Coronary atherosclerosis ,Retrospective Studies ,Original Paper ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Coronary computed tomography angiography ,Emergency department ,Computer Science Applications ,Case selection ,Artificial intelligence ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) evaluation of chest pain patients in an emergency department (ED) is considered appropriate. While a “negative” CCTA interpretation supports direct patient discharge from an ED, labor-intensive analyses are required, with accuracy in jeopardy from distractions. We describe the development of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm and workflow for assisting qualified interpreting physicians in CCTA screening for total absence of coronary atherosclerosis. The two-phase approach consisted of (1) phase 1—development and preliminary testing of an algorithm for vessel-centerline extraction classification in a balanced study population (n = 500 with 50% disease prevalence) derived by retrospective random case selection, and (2) phase 2—simulated clinical Trialing of developed algorithm on a per-case (entire coronary artery tree) basis in a more “real-world” study population (n = 100 with 28% disease prevalence) from an ED chest pain series. This allowed pre-deployment evaluation of the AI-based CCTA screening application which provides vessel-by-vessel graphic display of algorithm inference results integrated into a clinically capable viewer. Algorithm performance evaluation used area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC); confusion matrices reflected ground truth vs AI determinations. The vessel-based algorithm demonstrated strong performance with AUC-ROC = 0.96. In both phase 1 and phase 2, independent of disease prevalence differences, negative predictive values at the case level were very high at 95%. The rate of completion of the algorithm workflow process (96% with inference results in 55–80 s) in phase 2 depended on adequate image quality. There is potential for this AI application to assist in CCTA interpretation to help extricate atherosclerosis from chest pain presentations.
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- 2021
26. Case Report: A Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Teenager With Angelman Syndrome
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Alessandra G. D. Lopes, Camila S. H. Celestino, Tiago T. A. Barros, Aline G. Fevereiro, Debora H. Gejer, Fernando M. F. Oliveira, Jamile M. Brasil, Rosely M. Bossolan, Gabriela C. C. Pinto, Ana C. E. Z. Santos, Luis A. Divan, Ingrid A. B. Alves, Danielle B. L. Oliveira, Rafael R. G. Machado, Luciano M. Thomazelli, Meire I. Hiyane, Leonília Brelaz-Abreu, Elayne Bragança-Jardim, Letícia B. S. Heinen, Anna C. M. Barrientos, Luciana B. Mau, Niels O. S. Camara, Daniela F. Bueno, and Mariane T. Amano
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,COVID19 ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Case Report ,Inflammation ,intensive care unit ,immune response ,law.invention ,Immune system ,law ,Angelman syndrome ,medicine ,neutralizing antibodies ,In patient ,lcsh:R5-920 ,biology ,INFECÇÕES POR CORONAVIRUS ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,inflammation ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Antibody ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business - Abstract
Teenagers generally present mild to no symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In the present report, we present the case of a 14-year-old boy with Angelman syndrome (AS) who presented with severe COVID-19 symptoms. He spent 20 days in the ICU with elevated inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein and D-dimer) and increased peaks of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, which is uncommon for teenagers diagnosed with COVID-19. Although he showed physiological instability, he was able to produce neutralizing antibodies, suggesting a functional immune response. The literature concerning the immune response to infections in patients with AS is still poor, and to our knowledge, this was the first report of a patient with AS diagnosed with COVID-19. As such, the present study may alert other patients with AS or other rare diseases that they lack a competent immune response and could suffer severe consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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- 2021
27. The RSNA Pulmonary Embolism CT Dataset
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Stephen B Hobbs, Errol Colak, Emre Altinmakas, Saugata Sen, Parveen Kumar, Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer, Felipe Kitamura, Carola C Brussaard, Meng Law, Fernando Uliana Kay, Anouk Stein, Pauline Germaine, George Shih, Dennis Charles Nelson Rubio, Pushpender Gupta, Manoj Jain, Tomas Amerio, Eva Castro Lopez, Jonathan W. Revels, Dataset Curation Contributors, John Mongan, Karam A. Manzalawi, Cheng Ting Lin, Robyn L Ball, Jacob W. Sechrist, Matthew P. Lungren, Luciano M. Prevedello, Carol C Wu, Safwan Halabi, Rsna-Str Annotators, Medicine and Pharmacy academic/administration, Supporting clinical sciences, Medical Imaging, and Radiology
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,medicine.disease ,Data Resources ,Pulmonary embolism ,Text mining ,Artificial Intelligence ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,cardiovascular diseases ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
This dataset is composed of CT pulmonary angiograms and annotations related to pulmonary embolism. It is available at https://www.rsna.org/education/ai-resources-and-training/ai-image-challenge/rsn...
- Published
- 2021
28. Intramuscular Orbital Schwannoma With Cystic Degeneration: Serial Changes in MRI Signal Characteristics
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Adam N Van Horn, Luciano M Prevedello, Raymond I. Cho, and Lynn Schoenfield
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Eye Neoplasms ,MEDLINE ,General Medicine ,Schwannoma ,medicine.disease ,Signal ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,CYSTIC DEGENERATION ,Ophthalmology ,Text mining ,medicine ,Humans ,Orbital Neoplasms ,Surgery ,business ,Neurilemmoma - Published
- 2021
29. Training Strategies for Radiology Deep Learning Models in Data-limited Scenarios
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Les R. Folio, Xuan V. Nguyen, Sema Candemir, and Luciano M. Prevedello
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Data limited ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Deep learning ,Review ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Training (civil) ,Synthetic data ,Federated learning ,Class imbalance ,ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION ,Artificial Intelligence ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Transfer of learning ,computer - Abstract
Data-driven approaches have great potential to shape future practices in radiology. The most straightforward strategy to obtain clinically accurate models is to use large, well-curated and annotated datasets. However, patient privacy constraints, tedious annotation processes, and the limited availability of radiologists pose challenges to building such datasets. This review details model training strategies in scenarios with limited data, insufficiently labeled data, and/or limited expert resources. This review discusses strategies to enlarge the data sample, decrease the time burden of manual supervised labeling, adjust the neural network architecture to improve model performance, apply semisupervised approaches, and leverage efficiencies from pretrained models. Keywords: Computer-aided Detection/Diagnosis, Transfer Learning, Limited Annotated Data, Augmentation, Synthetic Data, Semisupervised Learning, Federated Learning, Few-Shot Learning, Class Imbalance
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- 2021
30. The impact of clinical and social factors on the physical health of people with severe mental illness: Results from an Italian multicentre study
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Luciano, M, Sampogna, G, Del Vecchio, V, Giallonardo, V, Palummo, C, Andriola, I, Amore, M, Rossi, R, Carmassi, C, Siracusano, A, Fiorillo, A, De Rosa, C, Giannelli, L, Malangone, C, Pocai, B, Zinno, F, Sangiuliano, M, Di Gioia, C, Calcagno, P, Serafini, G, Pacitti, F, Rossi, A, Pedrinelli, V, Cordone, A, Di Lorenzo, G, Niolu, C, Luciano, M., Sampogna, G., Del Vecchio, V., Giallonardo, V., Palummo, C., Andriola, I., Amore, M., Rossi, R., Carmassi, C., Siracusano, A., and Fiorillo, A.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Social Stigma ,Social Factor ,Comorbidity ,HOMA index ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Humans ,Medicine ,Bipolar disorder ,Social Factors ,Psychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Hospitalizations ,Depressive Disorder ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,business.industry ,Mental Disorders ,Major ,medicine.disease ,Mental illness ,030227 psychiatry ,Hospitalization ,Mental disorder ,Stigma ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Settore MED/25 ,Italy ,Schizophrenia ,Quality of Life ,Anxiety ,Framingham risk score ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Mental disorders ,Quality of life ,Psychosocial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Human ,Psychopathology - Abstract
Our manuscript aims to: 1) assess physical health in a sample of patients with severe mental disorders; and 2) identify the psychopathological and psychosocial characteristics associated with an increased likelihood of having a poor physical health. The study, funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, has been carried out in psychiatric outpatient units of six Italian University sites. All recruited patients have been assessed through standardized assessment instruments. Moreover, anthropometric parameters have been obtained at recruitment and a blood samples have been collected to assess cardiometabolic parameters. Four-hundred and two patients with a primary diagnosis of bipolar disorder (43.3%), schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder (29.9%), or major depression (26.9%) were recruited. Internalized stigma, psychosocial functioning, quality of life, psychiatric hospitalizations, depressive/anxiety and manic symptoms and cognition were those domains more strongly associated with poor metabolic parameters, including high body mass index, HOMA and Framingham indexes and waist circumference. There were no statistically significant differences among the three diagnostic groups. Our findings highlight the importance of perceived stigma and quality of life on patients’ physical health. This should be taken into account when developing plans for reducing the mortality rate in patients with severe mental disorders.
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- 2021
31. Association of common genetic variants with brain microbleeds
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Knol, M.J., Lu, D.W., Traylor, M., Adams, H.H.H., Romero, J.R.J., Smith, A.V., Fornage, M., Hofer, E., Liu, J.F., Hostettler, I.C., Luciano, M., Trompet, S., Giese, A.K., Hilal, S., Akker, E.B. van den, Vojinovic, D., Li, S., Sigurdsson, S., Lee, S.J. van der, Jack, C.R., Wilson, D., Yilmaz, P., Satizabal, C.L., Liewald, D.C.M., Grond, J. van der, Chen, C., Saba, Y., Lugt, A. van der, Bastin, M.E., Windham, B.G., Cheng, C.Y., Pirpamer, L., Kantarci, K., Himali, J.J., Yang, Q., Morris, Z., Beiser, A.S., Tozer, D.J., Vernooij, M.W., Amin, N., Beekman, M., Koh, J.Y., Stott, D.J., Houlden, H., Schmidt, R., Gottesman, R.F., MacKinnon, A.D., DeCarli, C., Gudnason, V., Deary, I.J., Duijn, C.M. van, Slagboom, P.E., Wong, T.Y., Rost, N.S., Jukema, J.W., Mosley, T.H., Werring, D.J., Schmidt, H., Wardlaw, J.M., Ikram, M.A., Seshadri, S., Launer, L.J., Markus, H.S., Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, Epidemiology, Neurosciences, Clinical Genetics, and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Population ,Genome-wide association study ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Odds ratio ,Gastroenterology ,Hyperintensity ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Genetic predisposition ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Allele ,business ,education ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Genetic association - Abstract
ObjectiveTo identify common genetic variants associated with the presence of brain microbleeds (BMBs).MethodsWe performed genome-wide association studies in 11 population-based cohort studies and 3 case–control or case-only stroke cohorts. Genotypes were imputed to the Haplotype Reference Consortium or 1000 Genomes reference panel. BMBs were rated on susceptibility-weighted or T2*-weighted gradient echo MRI sequences, and further classified as lobar or mixed (including strictly deep and infratentorial, possibly with lobar BMB). In a subset, we assessed the effects of APOE ε2 and ε4 alleles on BMB counts. We also related previously identified cerebral small vessel disease variants to BMBs.ResultsBMBs were detected in 3,556 of the 25,862 participants, of which 2,179 were strictly lobar and 1,293 mixed. One locus in the APOE region reached genome-wide significance for its association with BMB (lead single nucleotide polymorphism rs769449; odds ratio [OR]any BMB [95% confidence interval (CI)] 1.33 [1.21–1.45]; p = 2.5 × 10−10). APOE ε4 alleles were associated with strictly lobar (OR [95% CI] 1.34 [1.19–1.50]; p = 1.0 × 10−6) but not with mixed BMB counts (OR [95% CI] 1.04 [0.86–1.25]; p = 0.68). APOE ε2 alleles did not show associations with BMB counts. Variants previously related to deep intracerebral hemorrhage and lacunar stroke, and a risk score of cerebral white matter hyperintensity variants, were associated with BMB.ConclusionsGenetic variants in the APOE region are associated with the presence of BMB, most likely due to the APOE ε4 allele count related to a higher number of strictly lobar BMBs. Genetic predisposition to small vessel disease confers risk of BMB, indicating genetic overlap with other cerebral small vessel disease markers.
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- 2020
32. Combined Exercise Training and l-Glutamine Supplementation Enhances Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses after Influenza Virus Vaccination in Elderly Subjects
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Fabyano Bruno Leal, Carlos A F Santos, Tamaris Roseira, Eduardo S. Felismino, Jônatas Bussador do Amaral, Adriane Sperandio, Juliana de Melo Batista dos Santos, Luciano M. Thomazelli, Juliana de Souza Apostólico, Ewin B. Almeida, Fernanda R. Monteiro, Roberta Foster, Rodolfo de Paula Vieira, Vitória Paixão, Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira, Marcelo N. Rossi, André Luis Lacerda Bachi, Gislene R Amirato, and Edison Luiz Durigon
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,lymphocytes ,Immunology ,immunoglobulins ,Physical exercise ,Placebo ,Virus ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,flu vaccine ,Pharmacology ,Hemagglutination assay ,biology ,business.industry ,030229 sport sciences ,humanities ,Vaccination ,Titer ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,biology.protein ,Antibody ,business ,exercise training ,amino acid ,IMUNOGLOBULINAS - Abstract
Background: Since aging affects the immune responses against vaccination, the present study evaluated the effects of L-glutamine (Gln) supplementation in the humoral and cellular immune responses in elderly subjects, practitioners or not, of physical exercise training. Methods: Eighty-four elderly people (aged 72.6 ±, 6.1), non-practitioners (NP, n = 31), and practitioners of combined-exercise training (CET, n = 53) were submitted to Influenza virus vaccination and supplemented with Gln (0.3 g/kg of weight + 10 g of maltodextrin, groups: NP-Gln (n = 14), and CET-Gln (n = 26)), or placebo (10 g of maltodextrin, groups: NP-PL (n = 17), and CET-PL (n = 27)). Blood samples were collected pre (baseline) and 30 days post-vaccination and supplementation. Results: Comparing with the baseline values, whereas the NP-Gln and CET-PL groups showed higher specific-IgM levels, the CET-Gln group showed higher specific-IgM and IgA levels post-vaccination. The titer rate of hemagglutination inhibition was higher in the CET-Gln, NP-PL, and NP-Gln groups post-vaccination than baseline values. The absolute number of naive and effector CD4+ T cells was higher especially in the NP-Gln and CET-Gln groups, whilst activated CD4+ T cells were higher in CET subgroups post-vaccination. Conclusion: Our results showed that both l-glutamine supplementation and combined-exercise training can improve the immune responses to the Influenza virus vaccine in elderly subjects.
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- 2020
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33. PE-33: Long-term Nutritional Outcomes of Children Following Intestinal Transplantation
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Hanh D. Vo, Shaheed Merani, David W. Mercer, Angie Iverson, Law N, Emille M. Reyes‐Santiago, Alan Norman Langnas, Ruben E. Quiros-Tejeira, Luciano M. Vargas, Warapan Nakayuenyongsuk, Ahmad Miri, and Wendy J. Grant
- Subjects
Transplantation ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,Term (time) - Published
- 2021
34. Multiple rare-earth magnet bead ingestion in a pediatric liver-small bowel-pancreas transplant recipient: A case report and lessons learned
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Hanh D. Vo, Ahmad Miri, Luciano M. Vargas, Warapan Nakayuenyongsuk, and Alan N. Langnas
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,Exploratory laparotomy ,Fistula ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Perforation (oil well) ,Peritonitis ,Enteral administration ,Eating ,Postoperative Complications ,Swallowing ,Intestine, Small ,medicine ,Ingestion ,Humans ,Child ,Transplantation ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,equipment and supplies ,medicine.disease ,Foreign Bodies ,Surgery ,Liver Transplantation ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Magnets ,Female ,Metals, Rare Earth ,Pancreas Transplantation ,medicine.symptom ,business ,human activities - Abstract
Ingestion of rare-earth magnet beads in children has been a public health concern. The potential risk of swallowing multiple magnets is related to magnet attraction to each other, resulting in serious gastrointestinal complications, such as entero-enteric fistula formation, peritonitis, bowel ischemia or necrosis, bowel perforation, and potentially death. We describe the clinical outcome of a 10-year-old child with a liver-small bowel-pancreas transplant who swallowed 26 rare-earth magnetic beads. The patient presented with fever and abdominal pain. Due to difficulty locating the magnets and post-surgical anatomy changes, only 25 magnets were removed endoscopically. After the procedure, she continued to have abdominal distention and fever, leading to further investigation and subsequently an exploratory laparotomy, which confirmed a walled-off perforation. She was treated conservatively with bowel rest and antibiotics, without the need for small bowel graft resection. She recovered well and was eventually discharged on her home enteral feeding regimen. This case emphasizes the importance of taking a good history and having a high index of suspicion to diagnose this dangerous clinical condition, especially in children with an associated predisposing condition for foreign body ingestion, such as developmental delay. Early diagnosis of multiple magnet bead ingestion and prompt detection of its complications in pediatric intestinal transplant recipients could help initiate appropriate intervention and prevent intestinal graft loss.
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- 2020
35. Constrained generative adversarial network ensembles for sharable synthetic medical images
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Richard D. White, Matthew T. Bigelow, Barbaros S. Erdal, Luciano M. Prevedello, and Engin Dikici
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business.industry ,Image Processing ,Mutual information ,computer.software_genre ,3D modeling ,Ensemble learning ,Synthetic data ,Data modeling ,Visualization ,Metric (mathematics) ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Data mining ,Sensitivity (control systems) ,business ,computer - Abstract
Purpose: Sharing medical images between institutions, or even inside the same institution, is restricted by various laws and regulations; research projects requiring large datasets may suffer as a result. These limitations might be addressed by an abundant supply of synthetic data that (1) are representative (i.e., the synthetic data could produce comparable research results as the original data) and (2) do not closely resemble the original images (i.e., patient privacy is protected). We introduce a framework that generates data with these requirements leveraging generative adversarial network (GAN) ensembles in a controlled fashion. Approach: To this end, an adaptive ensemble scaling strategy with the objective of representativeness is defined. A sampled Frechet distance-based constraint was then created to eliminate poorly converged candidates. Finally, a mutual information-based validation metric was embedded into the framework to confirm there are visual differences between the original and the generated synthetic images. Results: The applicability of the solution is demonstrated with a case study for generating three-dimensional brain metastasis (BM) from T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI studies. A previously published BM detection system was reported to produce 9.12 false-positives at 90% detection sensitivity based on the original data. By using the synthetic data generated with the proposed framework, the system produced 9.53 false-positives at the same sensitivity level. Conclusions: Achieving comparable algorithm performance relying solely on synthetic data unveils a significant potential to eliminate/reduce patient privacy concerns when sharing data in medical imaging.
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- 2020
36. Hereditary vs Familial Pancreatic Cancer: Associated Genetic Syndromes and Clinical Perspective
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Mehmet Sitki Copur, Whitney Wedel, Luciano M Vargasi, Geoffrey A. Talmon, Jonathan D Hart, and Shaheed Merani
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Germline ,Germline mutation ,Internal medicine ,Pancreatic cancer ,Familial Pancreatic Cancer ,Carcinoma ,Medicine ,business ,Genetic testing - Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease marked by high rates of mortality; it is mostly incurable at the time of diagnosis. Only about 7% of patients survive 5 years after diagnosis. Diagnosis at a late stage and rapid progression with minimal response to available treatments are the main reasons for this poor outcome. It is crucial to identify individuals at high risk of developing PDAC so preventive and early detection measures can be employed. Approximately 10% to 15% of PDAC cases have a hereditary or familial basis. In the majority of PDAC cases, no main causative gene has been identified, but several known germline pathogenic mutations have been shown to be related to an increased risk of this cancer. The presence of 2 or more patients with pancreatic cancer within the circle of first-degree relatives, without the presence of a causative germline mutation, is defined as familial pancreatic cancer; this accounts for 4% to 10% of PDAC. Based on the growing evidence supporting the benefit of germline genetic testing in patients with PDAC, both the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recently updated their guidelines to include recommendations around genetic testing for patients with pancreatic cancer. However, there is no general consensus on the group of patients and individuals who should be studied and screened. We present a demonstrative case and review the available data on hereditary and familial PDAC.
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- 2020
37. Applying Artificial Intelligence to Mitigate Effects of Patient Motion or Other Complicating Factors on Image Quality
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Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Xuan V. Nguyen, Murat Alp Oztek, Christina L. Brunnquell, Devi D Nelakurti, David R. Haynor, and Luciano M. Prevedello
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Artificial neural network ,Image quality ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Deep learning ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Image processing ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Machine Learning ,Motion ,Deep Learning ,Workflow ,Artificial Intelligence ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Image noise ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Generalizability theory ,Quality (business) ,Artificial intelligence ,Artifacts ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, offers several possibilities to improve the quality or speed of image acquisition in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this article, we briefly review basic machine learning concepts and discuss commonly used neural network architectures for image-to-image translation. Recent examples in the literature describing application of machine learning techniques to clinical MR image acquisition or postprocessing are discussed. Machine learning can contribute to better image quality by improving spatial resolution, reducing image noise, and removing undesired motion or other artifacts. As patients occasionally are unable to tolerate lengthy acquisition times or gadolinium agents, machine learning can potentially assist MRI workflow and patient comfort by facilitating faster acquisitions or reducing exogenous contrast dosage. Although artificial intelligence approaches often have limitations, such as problems with generalizability or explainability, there is potential for these techniques to improve diagnostic utility, throughput, and patient experience in clinical MRI practice.
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- 2020
38. Experimental Analysis of Space Trusses Using Spacers of Concrete with Steel Fiber and Sisal Fiber
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Jorge Bonilla, R. S. Y. C. Silva, Luciano M. Bezerra, Cleirton André Silva de Freitas, and Welington Vital da Silva
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Materials science ,Structural system ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Truss ,020101 civil engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,lcsh:Technology ,Article ,0201 civil engineering ,Superposition principle ,connection eccentricity ,021105 building & construction ,General Materials Science ,Fiber ,Tube (container) ,steel fiber concrete ,spacer encapsulated with concrete ,lcsh:Microscopy ,lcsh:QC120-168.85 ,lcsh:QH201-278.5 ,lcsh:T ,business.industry ,Structural engineering ,experimental test ,Buckling ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,full-scale space truss ,sisal fiber concrete ,lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,Node (circuits) ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,business ,Reduction (mathematics) ,lcsh:TK1-9971 - Abstract
Space trusses are structural systems, generally made of tubes, used worldwide because of their advantages in covering long-span roofs. In addition to having a low cost, the truss weight is relatively reduced. The load capacity of these structures depends also on the strength of their node connection. Connections made with the superposition of flattened tube ends trespassed by one bolt are, generally, known as typical nodes. They are inexpensive but present eccentricities that reduce significantly the strength of such space trusses. To increase the truss load capacity, this research presents the results of an experimental program to reduce the eccentricities of the typical nodes. This reduction is done with a new type of spacer made of encapsulated concrete with steel fiber or sisal fiber. The experimental tests showed that the trusses with typical nodes collapsed under reduced load by local failure due to high distortions at the nodes. The trusses with encapsulated concrete spacer showed good results, with an increase in collapse load of 36% and failure by buckling bars.
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- 2020
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39. Primeiro relato de dois surtos consecutivos de vírus sincicial respiratório pelos novos genótipos ON-1 e NA-2 em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
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Edison Luiz Durigon, Mauricio Ferreira Magalhães, Marcelo Jenne Mimica, Mariana Volpe Arnoni, Luciano M. Thomazelli, Daniella Gregoria Bomfim Prado da Silva, Daniel Jarovsky, Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira, Thais Cristina Colmanetti, Flávia Jacqueline Almeida, Eitan Naaman Berezin, Gabriela Pereira de Almeida Rossetti, and Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neonatal intensive care unit ,Genotype ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ,Respiratory syncytial virus ,Virus ,Article ,Disease Outbreaks ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030225 pediatrics ,Intensive care ,Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ,medicine ,NA-2 ,Infection control ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Respiratory system ,Index case ,Mechanical ventilation ,Cross Infection ,business.industry ,NA‐2 ,Infant, Newborn ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,Outbreak ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,Vírus sincicial respiratório ,ON‐1 ,Surto ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,ON-1 ,business ,Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal ,Brazil - Abstract
Objective: Respiratory syncytial virus is a pathogen frequently involved in nosocomial outbreaks. Although several studies have reported nosocomial outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units, molecular epidemiology data are scarce. Here, the authors describe two consecutive respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks caused by genotypes ON-1 and NA-2 in a neonatal intensive care unit in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A prospective search for respiratory syncytial virus was performed after diagnosing the index case and four other symptomatic newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples of all patients in the neonatal intensive care unit were tested for 17 respiratory viruses using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Genotyping was performed using nucleotide sequencing. Results: From May to August 2013, two different outbreaks were detected in the neonatal intensive care unit. A total of 20 infants were infected with respiratory syncytial virus-A (ten and 14 with ON-1 and NA-2 genotypes, respectively). The mean age of the infants was 10 days, mean birth weight was 1,961 g, and the mean gestational age was 33 weeks. Risk factors (heart disease, lung disease, and prematurity) were present in 80% and 85.7% of infants in the ON-1 and NA-2 groups, respectively. In total, 45.8% of infants were asymptomatic and 20.8% required mechanical ventilation. Coinfections were not detected during the outbreaks. Conclusions: Infants in a neonatal intensive care unit who develop abrupt respiratory symptoms should be tested for respiratory viruses, especially respiratory syncytial virus. Even in the absence of severe symptoms, respiratory syncytial virus detection can prevent nosocomial transmission through infection control measures. A better understanding of respiratory syncytial virus molecular epidemiology is essential for developing new vaccines and antiviral drugs against respiratory syncytial virus. Resumo: Objetivo: O vírus sincicial respiratório é um patógeno frequentemente envolvido em surtos nosocomiais. Embora vários estudos tenham relatado tais surtos em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal, os dados epidemiológicos moleculares são escassos. Neste artigo, descrevemos dois surtos consecutivos de vírus sincicial respiratório causados pelos genótipos ON-1 e NA-2 em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal em São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: Uma busca prospectiva por vírus sincicial respiratório foi realizada após o diagnóstico do caso índice e outros quatro recém-nascidos sintomáticos na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Amostras de aspirado nasofaríngeo de todos os pacientes da unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal foram testadas para 17 vírus respiratórios com reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa em tempo real. A genotipagem foi realizada utilizando sequenciamento de nucleotídeos. Resultados: De maio a agosto de 2013, foram detectados dois surtos diferentes na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Vinte e quatro crianças foram infectadas com vírus sincicial respiratório-A (10 e 14 com os genótipos ON-1 e NA-2, respectivamente). A média da idade dos lactentes era de 10 dias, o peso médio ao nascer foi de 1961 g e a idade gestacional média de 33 semanas. Fatores de risco (doença cardíaca, doença pulmonar e prematuridade) estavam presentes em 80% e 85,7% dos bebês nos grupos ON-1 e NA-2, respectivamente. No total, 45,8% dos lactentes eram assintomáticos e 20,8% necessitaram de ventilação mecânica. Não foram detectadas coinfecções durante os surtos. Conclusões: Bebês em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal que desenvolvem sintomas respiratórios abruptos devem ser testados para vírus respiratórios, especialmente o vírus sincicial respiratório. Mesmo na ausência de sintomas graves, a detecção de vírus sincicial respiratório pode prevenir a transmissão nosocomial através de medidas de controle de infecção. Um melhor entendimento da epidemiologia molecular do vírus sincicial respiratório é essencial para o desenvolvimento de novas vacinas e drogas antivirais contra o vírus sincicial respiratório. Keywords: Respiratory syncytial virus, ON-1, NA-2, Outbreak, Neonatal intensive care unit, Palavras-chave: Vírus sincicial respiratório, ON-1, NA-2, Surto, Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
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- 2020
40. Construction of a Machine Learning Dataset through Collaboration: The RSNA 2019 Brain CT Hemorrhage Challenge
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Vahe M. Zohrabian, Christie Lincoln, Adam E. Flanders, Amit Agarwal, George Shih, David Joyner, Fanny Morón, Safwan Halabi, Rsna-Asnr Brain Hemorrhage Ct Annotators, Jaya Nath, R. Lee, Matthew P. Lungren, John Mongan, Robyn L. Ball, Luciano M. Prevedello, Gagandeep Choudhary, Lesley Cala, Felipe Kitamura, Anouk Stein, Ichiro Ikuta, Elka Miller, Monique A. Mogensen, Olivia McDonnell, Luiz Coelho, Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer, and Lubdha Shah
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medicine.medical_specialty ,BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Vascular Malformations ,BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti ,MEDLINE ,Brain ,medicine.disease ,Data Resources ,nervous system diseases ,Brain ct ,Stroke ,Text mining ,Artificial Intelligence ,Medicine ,Intracranial Hemorrhages ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,cardiovascular diseases ,Erratum ,business ,Intraparenchymal hemorrhage - Abstract
This dataset is composed of annotations of the five hemorrhage subtypes (subarachnoid, intraventricular, subdural, epidural, and intraparenchymal hemorrhage) typically encountered at brain CT.
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- 2020
41. Using Transfer Learning and Class Activation Maps Supporting Detection and Localization of Femoral Fractures on Anteroposterior Radiographs
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Barbaros S. Erdal, Sarah M. Yu, Luciano M. Prevedello, Vikash Gupta, Matthew T. Bigelow, Joseph S. Yu, Richard D. White, and Mutlu Demirer
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Musculoskeletal imaging ,business.industry ,Radiography ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,medicine ,Life expectancy ,In patient ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Radiology ,business ,Transfer of learning - Abstract
Acute Proximal Femoral Fractures are a growing health concern among the aging population. These fractures are often associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as reduced quality of life. Furthermore, with the increasing life expectancy owing to advances in healthcare, the number of proximal femoral fractures may increase by a factor of 2 to 3, since the majority of fractures occur in patients over the age of 65. In this paper, we show that by using transfer learning and leveraging pre-trained models, we can achieve very high accuracy in detecting fractures and that they can be localized utilizing class activation maps.
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- 2020
42. Net section resistance in bolted cold-formed steel angles under tension
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Enrique Mirambell, Luciano M. Bezerra, Jorge Bonilla, Israel Fleitas, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ATEM - Anàlisi i Tecnologia d'Estructures i Materials
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Work (thermodynamics) ,Materials science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Shear lag ,020101 civil engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Enginyeria civil::Materials i estructures::Materials i estructures metàl·liques [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,0201 civil engineering ,law.invention ,Tensile strength ,0203 mechanical engineering ,law ,Steel, Structural--Testing ,Eccentricity (behavior) ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,media_common ,Parametric statistics ,business.industry ,Tension (physics) ,Cold-formed steel angles ,Metals and Alloys ,Building and Construction ,Structural engineering ,Cold-formed steel ,Finite element method ,Shear (sheet metal) ,Bolted connections ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Mechanics of Materials ,Net section failure ,business ,Reduction (mathematics) ,Acer de construcció -- Proves - Abstract
Net section resistance in bolted cold-formed steel angles of members under tension is analyzed in this work. The efficiency reduction due to shear lag and eccentricity effects in bolted connections is studied using finite element models implemented in ABAQUS software. The nonlinearities of the steel material and the contact between elements are considered in the numerical models, and their results are in good agreement with experimental tests. A parametric study is conducted in this work using Finite Element (FE) analyses. A large number of experimental tests reported in the literature is also summarized in this work. A new expression of easy application for net section reduction coefficient is found, which allows improving the prediction of the nominal resistance of the net section.
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- 2020
43. Predicting rate of cognitive decline at baseline using a deep neural network with multidata analysis
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Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Xuan V. Nguyen, Matthew T. Bigelow, Barbaros S. Erdal, Sema Candemir, Richard D. White, and Luciano M. Prevedello
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Cognitive model ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Receiver operating characteristic ,Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Convolutional neural network ,Computer-Aided Diagnosis ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Hybrid neural network ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Neuroimaging ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Cognitive decline ,Baseline (configuration management) ,business - Abstract
Purpose: Our study investigates whether a machine-learning-based system can predict the rate of cognitive decline in mildly cognitively impaired patients by processing only the clinical and imaging data collected at the initial visit. Approach: We built a predictive model based on a supervised hybrid neural network utilizing a three-dimensional convolutional neural network to perform volume analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and integration of nonimaging clinical data at the fully connected layer of the architecture. The experiments are conducted on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset. Results: Experimental results confirm that there is a correlation between cognitive decline and the data obtained at the first visit. The system achieved an area under the receiver operator curve of 0.70 for cognitive decline class prediction. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that predicts "slowly deteriorating/stable" or "rapidly deteriorating" classes by processing routinely collected baseline clinical and demographic data [baseline MRI, baseline mini-mental state examination (MMSE), scalar volumetric data, age, gender, education, ethnicity, and race]. The training data are built based on MMSE-rate values. Unlike the studies in the literature that focus on predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-to-Alzheimer's disease conversion and disease classification, we approach the problem as an early prediction of cognitive decline rate in MCI patients.
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- 2020
44. Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery using Indocyanine Green and Relationship to Preoperative Radiological Imaging
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Ricardo L. Carrau, Radwan Nouby, Marilly Palettas, Luciano M. Prevedello, Bradley A. Otto, Khaled Ismail, Thomas L. Beaumont, Daniel M. Prevedello, and Mostafa Shahein
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Skull base surgery ,Medicine ,Radiology ,business ,Indocyanine green ,Radiological imaging - Published
- 2020
45. The Role of Endoscopic Condylectomy in Endonasal Inferior Clivectomy and Extended Far Medial Approaches: Demonstration of Stereotactic CT Landmarks in Cadaveric Dissection with Clinical Correlation
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Giuliano S. Bertazzo-Silveira, Rafael Martinez-Perez, Luciano M. Prevedello, Daniel M. Prevedello, Ricardo L. Carrau, Thiago F. Albonette, and Sunil Manjila
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cadaveric dissection ,Medicine ,Radiology ,Clinical correlation ,business - Published
- 2020
46. Viral enteritis in intestinal transplant recipients
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Luciano M. Vargas, Abigail Servais, Alan N. Langnas, David F. Mercer, Mary Leick, Megan Keck, Shaheed Merani, Diana F. Florescu, and Wendy J. Grant
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030230 surgery ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,Enteritis ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rotavirus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,Immunosuppression Therapy ,Transplantation ,biology ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Infant ,Immunosuppression ,Sapovirus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Transplant Recipients ,Intestines ,Infectious Diseases ,Virus Diseases ,Supportive psychotherapy ,Child, Preschool ,Norovirus ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Intestinal transplant recipients (ITR) are at high risk for infections due to the high level of immunosuppression required to prevent rejection. There are limited data regarding viral enteritis post-intestinal transplantation. We retrospectively reviewed ITR transplanted between January 2008 and December 2016. Descriptive statistics, including mean (standard deviation) and median (range), were performed. Sixty-one (43.9%) of the 139 transplanted patients had viral enteritis: 26% norovirus, 25% adenovirus, and 9% each rotavirus and sapovirus. The median age of pediatric patients was 1.6 years (0.4-16.9) and for adults 36.3 years (27.1-48.2). Fifty-seven (58%) of 99 pediatric ITR had viral enteritis compared to 4 (10%) of 40 adult ITR. Median time-to-clinical resolution of enteritis for all patients was 5 days (1-92). Standard of care therapies administered: anti-motility agents (10%), anti-emetics agents (14%), and intravenous fluids (42%). There was a higher incidence of viral enteritis in pediatric compared to adults ITR. The majority of viral enteritis episodes resolved within 1 week and were treated with supportive therapy.
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- 2020
47. The role of normothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation
- Author
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Paulo N. Martins, Hynek Mergental, Luciano M. Vargas, Julianna E. Buchwald, and Cristiano Quintini
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Transplants ,Liver transplantation ,Extended criteria ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Donor pool ,Machine perfusion ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Organ Preservation ,Surgery ,Liver Transplantation ,Transplantation ,Clinical trial ,Perfusion ,Treatment Outcome ,Liver ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
To expand the donor pool of suitable organs for transplantation, there is an increased interest in utilizing extended criteria donor grafts (ECD). Ex-situ machine perfusion has shown to be a promising new modality in the organ preservation field to reduce injury and recover ECD liver grafts. Machine perfusion (MP) is considered a significant improvement in the field of transplantation over the past 20 years. Normothermic machine perfusion has entered the clinical arena in the last decade and has shown promising results to improve the quality of marginal organs and to increase the pool of liver grafts. It allows assessment of viability and function of grafts prior to transplantation. In addition, it has the potential to serve as a platform for pharmacologic organ treatment and graft optimization. Machine perfusion moved from the experimental phase to a more mature phase after safety was confirmed by initial clinical trials. Now, it is time to confirm its superiority and cost-effectiveness before a broader clinical use. In this paper we review the history, current status including outcomes of all clinical trials, limitations, and future trends of normothermic machine preservation.
- Published
- 2020
48. Hematuria Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Child
- Author
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Cairo Oliveira Monteiro, Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi, Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira, Edison Luiz Durigon, Flávia Jacqueline Almeida, Rodrigo Díaz Olmos, and Luciano M. Thomazelli
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Pneumonia ,Infectious Diseases ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health ,business - Published
- 2020
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49. A User Interface for Optimizing Radiologist Engagement in Image Data Curation for Artificial Intelligence
- Author
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Richard D. White, Abdul H. Halabi, Sema Candemir, Thomas F. O'Donnell, Mutlu Demirer, Vikash Gupta, Alvin Ihsani, Matthew T. Bigelow, Michael Wels, Andreas Wimmer, Luciano M. Prevedello, Sarah M. Yu, Joseph S. Yu, Barbaros S. Erdal, and Rainer Grimmer
- Subjects
Information retrieval ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Data curation ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Technical Development ,education ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Subspecialty ,Image (mathematics) ,Annotation ,Artificial Intelligence ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,User interface ,business ,Graphical user interface - Abstract
PURPOSE: To delineate image data curation needs and describe a locally designed graphical user interface (GUI) to aid radiologists in image annotation for artificial intelligence (AI) applications in medical imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GUI components support image analysis toolboxes, picture archiving and communication system integration, third-party applications, processing of scripting languages, and integration of deep learning libraries. For clinical AI applications, GUI components included two-dimensional segmentation and classification; three-dimensional segmentation and quantification; and three-dimensional segmentation, quantification, and classification. To assess radiologist engagement and performance efficiency associated with GUI-related capabilities, image annotation rate (studies per day) and speed (minutes per case) were evaluated in two clinical scenarios of varying complexity: hip fracture detection and coronary atherosclerotic plaque demarcation and stenosis grading. RESULTS: For hip fracture, 1050 radiographs were annotated over 7 days (150 studies per day; median speed: 10 seconds per study [interquartile range, 3–21 seconds per study]). A total of 294 coronary CT angiographic studies with 1843 arteries and branches were annotated for atherosclerotic plaque over 23 days (15.2 studies [80.1 vessels] per day; median speed: 6.08 minutes per study [interquartile range, 2.8–10.6 minutes per study] and 73 seconds per vessel [interquartile range, 20.9–155 seconds per vessel]). CONCLUSION: GUI-component compatibility with common image analysis tools facilitates radiologist engagement in image data curation, including image annotation, supporting AI application development and evolution for medical imaging. When complemented by other GUI elements, a continuous integrated workflow supporting formation of an agile deep neural network life cycle results. Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2019
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- 2019
50. Improving Function in Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas: A Modern Treatment Algorithm
- Author
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André Beer-Furlan, Blake H. Priddy, Ali O. Jamshidi, Ammar Shaikhouni, Luciano M. Prevedello, Leo Ditzel Filho, Bradley A. Otto, Ricardo L. Carrau, and Daniel M. Prevedello
- Subjects
endoscopic endonasal ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Decompression ,medicine.medical_treatment ,cavernous sinus ,meningioma ,Radiosurgery ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Meningioma ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Original Research ,parasellar ,business.industry ,Cranial nerves ,skull base ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Radiation therapy ,Neurology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiological weapon ,Cavernous sinus ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Complication ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: The efficacy and safety of radiosurgery led to paradigm shift in the management of cavernous sinus meningiomas. Nevertheless, patients are still significantly affected by cranial nerve deficits related to the mass effect of these tumors. Our management strategy involves the combination of a functional surgical decompression followed by radiation therapy. Methods: We reviewed a single institution's cohort of patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal decompression (EED) for symptomatic meningiomas primarily involving the cavernous sinus (CS) from 2010 to 2016. The preoperative neuro-ophthalmological exam was compared to the 1- and 6-month postoperative exams. The patient's length of hospital stay, complications, and radiological and clinical follow-up were noted. Results: A total of 17 patients underwent EED for CS meningiomas that fit our radiological criteria. The final outcome at the 6-month visit showed five patients (62.5%) with normalization of deficit and three patients (37.5%) with partial improvement of the CNII deficit. Out of the 12 patients who had cavernous sinus cranial nerves (CSCN) deficits, the final outcome at the 6-month visit showed four patients (33.33%) with normalization of deficit, seven patients (58.3%) with partial improvement, and one patient (8.33%) with no improvement. There were no intraoperative complications. Conclusion: The EED for CS meningiomas is a valuable technique when addressing acute/subacute CNII and CSCN deficits. This conservative surgical approach showed good functional outcomes, low morbidity, and low complication rates. However, it does not exempt the need for radiosurgery/radiation therapy for control of tumor growth.
- Published
- 2019
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