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Live streaming shopping has become more and more popular in recent years, so it is quite necessary to illustrate how we can increase the customers’ purchase intention. A mixed-method study is developed, including an interview of broadcaster’s perspective and a survey of customers' perspectives to learn about consumers' concerns when shopping on live streaming platforms. The research was approached interactively, adapting the method in response to the findings discovered from the interviews. Few consumers have a habit of watching live streaming shopping regularly. Consumers want to try something new on the live streaming platform no matter bought this product or have seen this brand before. Broadcaster’s identification has not affected consumer’s purchase intention much. However, the consumer would trust broadcasters and choose to buy products from their live room. From the broadcaster’s perspective, they need a platform to teach them from zero to one, and network traffic is a big problem for them. In addition, product trust is more effective than broadcaster trust for the moment. Therefore, sellers are needed to improve their communication and describing skills. This paper also emphasized that the e-commerce approach should not only be competitive in terms of pricing but also in terms of quality in order to meet client demand. Furthermore, many customers believe that false propaganda should not be broadcast on live streaming platforms. As a result, broadcasters should be professionally and skillfully trained. This paper will give broadcaster and e-commerce companies suggestions on the affection of purchase intention during live streaming shopping. In addition, this paper gives future studies some basic studies and suggestions.

Context Live surgery events (LSEs) have been used in all surgical fields for education and training and to demonstrate new techniques. The European Association of Urology (EAU) live surgery guidelines were established in 2014. Objective To review the compliance of outcomes for procedures performed at EAU-affiliated LSEs with the 2014 guidelines and to establish updated guidelines for LSEs and semi-LSEs. Evidence acquisition Patients from EAU-affiliated LSEs were included for all surgical procedures carried out between January 2015 and January 2020. All these events were pre-evaluated by the EAU Live Surgery Committee and met the criteria for an EAU LSE, with outcomes recorded and submitted to the registry. Data were collected for the type of procedure and for intraoperative and short- and long-term complications. Evidence synthesis A total of 246 procedures were performed across 18 LSEs, with an annual volume ranging from 19 to 74 procedures. These included 109 (44.3%) robot-assisted procedures, 21 (8.5%) laparoscopic procedures, 10 (4%) transurethral bladder procedures, 11 (4.4%) prostate enucleation procedures, 72 (29.2%) endourological procedures, and 23 (9.3%) andrology or reconstruction procedures. A total of 77 different surgical techniques and variations for 55 different types of surgery were performed as LSEs over the past 5 yr. There were 44 (17.8%) short-term complications and 11.3% (nine/79) long-term complications observed, with Clavien grade III/IV complications seen in 5.2% and 7.5% of cases over short- and long-term follow-up, respectively. Conclusions The 5-yr outcomes for EAU LSEs show that they are safe and follow previous guidelines set by the panel. It seems likely that the fine balance between patient safety and educational value might be best achieved if LSEs are performed by local surgeons in their parent hospital with patients and staff they know, and that technological advances will make live streaming a seamless process. The current EAU Live Surgery Committee has updated the guidelines on LSEs and provided new guidelines for semi-live events. Patient summary We reviewed 5-year outcomes for live surgery events endorsed by the European Association of Urology. We found that the operations carried out at these events were safe and followed the guidelines previously set. We have updated the guidelines and provided new guidelines for semi-live events.

Live Streaming Commerce (LSC) is proliferating in China and gaining traction worldwide. LSC is an e-commerce service where sellers communicate with consumers through live streaming while consumers can place orders within the same system. Despite the significant involvement of consumers in LSC, it has not been systematically analyzed how consumers make shopping decisions when engaging with LSC. In this paper, we conduct a mixed-methods study, consisting of surveys (N1 = 240) and follow-up interviews (N2 = 16) with LSC consumers. We focus on two features of LSC, i.e., the communication between merchants and consumers through live streaming and the participation of streamers, and aim to understand how these changes influence consumers’ decision-making process in LSC. We find that LSC enables merchants to exchange information with consumers based on their needs and provide additional customer services. Because of the appropriate information about the products they acquire and the enjoyable shopping atmosphere, consumers are willing to purchase products in LSC. As the intermediaries between merchants and consumers, streamers utilize their independent identity from merchants to enhance consumers’ awareness of shopping and persuade their online shopping decisions. Moreover, we consider the opportunities and challenges of current LSC services and provide implications for LSC services and the research community regarding the development of LSC., Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 31 (4), ISSN:0925-9724, ISSN:1573-7551

In China, online live streaming shopping as a part of e-commerce shows rapid growth, while many sellers can not achieve the economic benefits as expected. This study mainly extracts, analyzes, and examines the general features of e-commerce live streaming shopping, positively affecting consumers' purchase intentions. Many UGC sellers can obtain some practical ways to output more high-quality content with limited resources. This study places the following nine features as independent hypotheses: streamer's professionalism, awareness, homogeneity, attractiveness, reliability, contents’ interaction, entertainment, discount, uniqueness, and consumers’ purchase intention taken as a dependent variable. As a result of statistical analysis of the data collected through the survey, all nine hypotheses were adopted.

This study explores the coordination issues in the logistics service supply chain, which stem from the rapid development of live-streaming e-commerce (LSE). It also investigates the influences of a cost-sharing mechanism on the key decisions for live-streaming e-commerce logistics service supply chains (LSE-LSSC) with regard to the level of effort of logistics services. The motivation of the research is derived from the growing efficiency demands for logistics services in the LSE field. We consider an LSE-LSSC, which consists of one e-commerce shipper, one logistics service integrator, and one logistics service provider. On the basis of the game theoretic method, the performance of the logistics service supply chain is assessed and compared with four models among the participating entities of the LSE-LSSC. Some interesting results and key managerial insights are obtained in the modeling study. More importantly, the influences of cost-sharing on the key decisions of each player are discussed in detail, and the coordination contract of the level of effort of the logistics service is estimated.

Live streaming has grown rapidly in recent years, attracting increasingly more participation. As the number of online anchors is large, it is difficult for viewers to find the anchors they are interested in. Therefore, a personalized recommendation system is important for live streaming platforms. On live streaming platforms, the viewer's and anchor's preferences are dynamically changing over time. How to capture the user's preference change is extensively studied in the literature, but how to model the viewer's and anchor's preference changes and how to learn their representations based on their preference matching are less studied. Taking these issues into consideration, in this paper, we propose a deep sequential model for live streaming recommendation. We develop a component named the multi-head related-unit in the model to capture the preference matching between anchor and viewer and extract related features for their representations. To evaluate the performance of our proposed model, we conduct experiments on real datasets, and the results show that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art recommendation models.

Despite the promise of cross-border e-commerce, attracting consumers is still a worldwide challenge. Many cross-border e-commerce platforms have responded to the challenges by embracing innovative tools like live streaming. However, there has been limited understandings of the unique nature of live streaming and its empirical influence. Taking an affordance view of live streaming, this study defines affordance of live streaming as the capacities provided by live streaming and examines how affordance of live streaming affect consumer behavior in the cross-border e-commerce context based on information transparency perspective. Results show that although live streaming does not directly affect consumers’ cross-border purchase intention, it can increase consumers’ purchase intention through increasing perceived information transparency. In addition, affordance of live streaming can further moderate the relationship between different types of information transparency and consumers’ cross-border purchase intention. The findings provide a much-needed contribution to academia and business.

BACKGROUND Live streaming surgery is a developing communication platform in medicine. To maximize the technological advances that allow for the live streaming of surgery, it is crucial to have an understanding of the various video-capturing devices that are available and their pros and cons of implementation. Possible barriers to the widespread use of live streaming surgery include cost, concerns about patient safety and privacy, and limited understanding of the current available resources. In this article, we present the results of our literature review of techniques for live streaming of surgery as a means to inform readers and promote their implementation. METHODS We conducted a literature review of the literature to identify previous articles indexed in PubMed and Ovid. We used the following search terms: [Surgery AND Streaming], which generated 32 articles for initial review. References were reviewed within each document to find similar articles that were not captured by the initial search. The article selection criteria were peer-reviewed publications, case reports, and case series describing the use of live surgical streaming technologies. RESULTS Literature review showed enhanced surgeon interaction with viewers and improved anatomy scores with the widespread use of live streaming. Surgeons reported positive feedback and wished to engage in more sessions in the future. The largest barriers to implementation of streaming technology are video quality through the Internet and patient information protection. CONCLUSIONS Live streaming of surgery for educational purposes has not been widely accepted in surgical training programs to date. Streaming accessibility has advanced over the past 2 decades with the availability of handheld mobile devices. However, little has been done to allow for live streaming of surgery to trainees in a manner compliant with the Health Portability Insurance and Accountability Act.

Digital/virtual gift purchasing and giving (gifting thereafter) is a business model that has emerged in the context of the social live streaming service (SLSS). In this study, we argue that both SL...

Purpose This study aims to examine live streaming experiences of business students’ at the tertiary education level, and how the use of this interactive platform satisfies their affective, cognitive, social and hedonic needs in learning. Likewise, it explored the influence of live streaming class on the learning outcome needed in achieving self-directed learning. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the uses and gratifications theory, a conceptual framework was developed to discover the impact of interactive live streaming platform in meeting learners’ needs required for self-directed learning. A survey was conducted with a sample of 402 business undergraduate students from 5 universities. Data was analyzed with covariance-based structural equation modeling. Findings This study confirmed that learners’ gratifications gained from live streaming encouraged them to collaborate with the instructors in meeting the learning outcomes. The findings also supported that the interactive nature of live streaming offers the opportunity for students to learn independently. Thus, it sheds new light on how a live streaming learning environment can be further developed in promoting self-directed learning. Originality/value This study offers a novel understanding of live stream class adoption by examining learners’ needs from a uses and gratification perspective. It also contributed new insight to the existing literature on live streaming technology use in education to promote self-directed learning.

The purpose of this case study research was to explore how Queensland Rugby League (QRL) used a Facebook brand page, for the Queensland Maroons, and incorporated livestreaming throughout the 2017–2...

This study aims to carefully examine the effect of live streaming video promotion and electronic word of mouth on buying purchasing during the large-scale social restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The measurement of purchasing decisions in that study was carried out because there were still many sellers or marketers who were unfamiliar with live streaming video and electronic word of mouth in e-commerce in marketing their products. This academic research is typically expected to in common be a direct reference to invite sellers or producers to carefully choose to sell online through e-commerce because it is safer in practical terms of health. in that research method uses Multiple Linear Regression with convenience sampling or purposive sampling where the proportional quota is 50 respondents. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis to accurately describe the symptoms of the research results, while seeing the effect of live streaming video promotion and electronic word of mouth on buying purchasing (quantitative data) using multiple linear regression analysis tools. The direct results show that there is a simultaneous effect of live streaming video promotion and electronic word of mouth on buying purchasing, where the ANOVA test results show that the f-count value is greater than the f-table so that the hypothesis is accepted.

Live streaming offers an unprecedented opportunity for content creators (broadcasters) to deliver their content to consumers (viewers) in real time. In a live stream, viewers may send virtual gifts (tips) to the broadcaster and engage with likes and chats free of charge. These activities reflect viewers’ underlying emotion and are likely to be affected by the broadcaster’s emotion. This article examines the role of emotion in interactive and dynamic business settings such as live streaming. To account for the possibility that broadcaster emotion, viewer emotion, and viewer activities influence each other, the authors estimate a panel vector autoregression model on data at the minute level from 1,450 live streams. The results suggest that a happier broadcaster makes the audience happier and begets intensified viewer activities, in particular tips. In addition, broadcasters reciprocate viewer engagement with more smiles. Further analyses suggest that these effects are pronounced only after a live stream has been active for a while, and they manifest only in streams by broadcasters who have more experience, receive more tips, or are more popular in past live streams. These results help platforms and broadcasters optimize marketing interventions such as broadcaster emotion enhancement in live streaming and quantify the financial returns.

Increasingly popular live-streaming applications, such as 17 Media, offer new mechanisms of social exchange through digital gifting in real time. The present study provides an advanced theoretical ...

PurposeLive streaming commerce, a new form of social commerce where firms integrate with broadcasters, community members and customers in live chat rooms for real-time interaction to help sell products, has become increasingly popular. However, factors that impact the success of live streaming commerce are not fully explored. The purpose of this study is to examine these factors by exploring the relationships among customer trust (i.e., trust in broadcasters, community members, and products) and customer engagement, and the mediating role of swift guanxi.Design/methodology/approachThe authors surveyed 422 customers who have watched Taobao Live, one of the largest live streaming commerce sites in China, and used their questionnaires to test the research model employing partial least squares modeling.FindingsThe authors’ results indicate that trust in broadcasters has a positive effect on trust in products and community members, which positively influences trust in products. Additionally, swift guanxi has a fully mediating effect on the relationship between customers' trust in broadcasters and customer engagement.Originality/valueFirst, from the theoretical perspective, this study comprehensively identifies three types of trust, explores the transfer relationships among trust in broadcasters, community members, and products based on Trust Transfer Theory. In addition, this study examines the mediating influence of swift guanxi on the relationship between customer trust and engagement. Second, from the managerial perspective, the study provides insights to help broadcasters and practitioners use live streaming to facilitate shopping.

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted Catholic churches in Indonesia to conduct physical distancing, close their doors and move mass to online media or television. This situation is something extraordinary for the Catholic church which is known to adhere to tradition in the implementation of its worship. This study aims to determine the experience of Catholics in conducting mediated worship using Religious-Social Shaping of Technology examining and concepts, namely social affordance, religion-online/online-religion, and digital media law. This qualitative research is done by interviewing six informants using descriptive phenomenological approach. The results of the study indicate four main findings. First, informants have the freedom to choose the tools or channels to attend the mediated mass. Second, the interactivity in the mediated mass is lost. Third, the atmosphere of the mediated mass can have an impact on the solemnity of worship. Fourth, the use of technology for mediated mass cannot absolutely be paralleled with physical worship, but some informants still hope that the mediated mass will be held after this pandemic. This research concludes that mediated mass during a pandemic is not as ideal as a physical mass because the experience gained is not optimal, but it opens up wider opportunities to reach people who may not be physically present in church from anywhere. Academically, this research is expected to increase the wealth of knowledge about mediated worship during a pandemic. Meanwhile, in practical terms, this research can be a reference for the church to improve its overall quality. Pandemi COVID-19 membuat gereja Katolik di Indonesia melakukan physical distancing bahkan menutup pintunya dan mengalihkan misa ke media daring atau televisi. Keadaan ini merupakan sesuatu yang luar biasa bagi gereja Katolik yang terkenal memegang teguh tradisi dalam pelaksanaan ibadahnya. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu ingin mengetahui pengalaman umat Katolik dalam melakukan ibadah termediasi dengan menggunakan Religious-Social Shaping of Technology serta beberapa konsep lain, yaitu social affordance, religion-online/online-religion, dan hukum media digital. Adapun pelaksanaan penelitian kualitatif ini adalah dengan mewawancarai enam informan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan empat temuan utama. Pertama, informan memiliki kebebasan untuk memilih alat maupun kanal untuk mengikuti misa termediasi. Kedua, interaktivitas dalam misa termediasi menjadi hilang. Ketiga, suasana misa termediasi bisa berdampak pada kekhusyukan saat beribadah. Keempat, pemanfaatan teknologi untuk misa termediasi memang tidak bisa mutlak disejajarkan dengan ibadah fisik namun sebagian informan tetap mengharapkan misa termediasi dilakukan setelah masa pandemi ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa misa termediasi selama pandemi memang tidak seideal misa fisik karena pengalaman yang diraih tidaklah maksimal, namun membuka peluang lebih luas untuk menjangkau orang-orang yang tidak mungkin hadir secara fisik di gereja dari mana saja.Secara akademis penelitian ini diharapakan dapat meningkatkan khazanah pengetahuan tentang ibadah termediasi pada saat pandemi. Sementara secara praktis, penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi gereja untuk meningkatkan kualitas secara menyeluruh.

Paparan tekanan panas dapat terjadi pada masyarakat yang sedang melakukan latihan fisik berlebih sehingga menimbulkan gejala tekanan panas seperti peningkatan suhu tubuh dan denyut nadi. Latihan fisik dalam waktu kurang lebih selama 30 menit dapat menyebabkan perubahan terhadap fungsi tubuh. Efek akut dari latihan fisik yang berlebihan mengakibatkan peningkatan terhadap frekuensi denyut jantung, dan suhu tubuh. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah membuat alat yang diimplementasikan dalam jaket untuk mengkontrol dan memonitoring suhu tubuh, kelembaban kulit, dan denyut jantung secara bersamaan pada saat berolahraga. Alat ini dirancang dengan sistem kontrol dan monitoring pada komponen yang sudah terpasang, kemudian data yang diperoleh disimpan dalam database dan dikirimkan secara wireless melalui NodeMCU nantinya dapat ditampilkan dalam aplikasi android. Penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil nilai sebelum olahraga untuk suhu tubuh menggunakan infrared dan ds18b20 memiliki rentang antara 34.550C – 36.090C dan 35.060C – 36.190C, nilai pada kelembaban kulit berkisar 47% dan denyut jantung antara 94 Bpm – 118 Bpm. Sedangkan pada saat olahraga berlangsung didapatkan suhu tubuh antara 36.380C – 36.810C, kelemaban kulit antara 47% - 15 %, dan denyut jantung antara 105 Bpm – 95 Bpm dengan nilai pada delay antara 0.034897000s - 0.037563000 s selama live streaming berlangsung. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa kipas dapat menyala secara otomatis dan berhasil menurunkan suhu tubuh pada pengguna secara bertahap dengan rentang suhu antara 35.000C – 36.80C.

The lack of human and social cues and customer engagement impedes traditional e-commerce until the birth of social commerce. This study investigates how customer engagement in live-streaming digita...

Some types of live streaming platforms allow viewers to purchase virtual gifts and donate them to streamers. In the Greater China area, the purchase and donation of virtual gifts have created a uni...

With the rapid development of mobile network technology, an increasing number of viewers are watching channels through live streaming platforms, and thousands upon thousands of channels are broadcasting on the platforms as well. To create a better user environment, it is required to provide accurate channel recommendation services for viewers. The current channel recommendation method clusters viewers with similar channel preferences into the same group and gives the channel recommendation based on the preferences of all the viewers in the same group. However, viewers in the same group still have slight differences in channel preferences, the recommended channels of the method may not necessarily meet the needs of viewers. To improve the accuracy of channel recommendation, we propose a channel recommendation technique, named n-Most Similar Neighbor algorithm (n-MSN), which considers the preferences of the n viewers with most similar preferences to accurately predict the channels that might be of interest to other viewers. In the experiments, we analyze the currently popular live streaming platform, Twitch; the results confirm that the effectiveness and the efficiency of the n-MSN algorithm are better than those of the existing channel recommendation methods, and the accuracy of the n-MSN algorithm is relatively stable compared with the existing methods.

Gift-giving is popular in live streaming, and many users irrationally send virtual gifts to their favorite live streamers. Based on the attachment and flow theories, we applied the stimulus-organis...

HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) can achieve low latency for live streaming with the Common Media Application Format. However, the legacy mechanisms inaccurately measure the available bandwidth because the download time is affected by not only the network but also idle times between chunks at the live encoder side. These wrong measurements may condemn users to a low quality-of-experience (QoE). This letter presents a HAS client with a novel bandwidth measurement heuristic. Our experiments show that it provides a better QoE with fewer video freezes and higher video quality while achieving a live latency down to one second in bandwidth-limited networks.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a sharp transition from offline to online education in many countries and areas. This transition heightens the intensity of existing challenges of online education, such as student attendance and education equality. During this time of uncertainty, the vast disparities in teachers? online experience and technical backgrounds, students' education level and their families' economic status, and schools' support, further pose new challenges to teachers and students. In this work, we study how Chinese teachers and students addressed challenges during this transition. We interviewed 15 teachers and 18 students from diverse backgrounds at varying education levels (K-12 and college). Our work makes timely and new contributions to the literature of online education. For example, our results showed that teachers applied Live Video Streaming (LVS) on multiple social media platforms and re-purposed different entertainment features to deliver online teaching for better student engagement; some teachers came to enjoy this new form of instruction after being resistant to it in the beginning, and students developed a better sense of intimacy with their teachers after experiencing certain online interactions. Our work also reveals the remaining challenges and prospects of LVS-based online education and sheds light on the future design of collaborative technologies for online education.

People from all over the world pay for live streaming video images of minors, also called webcam child sex tourism (WCST). Although there is an increase in research about online sexual offending, relatively few studies have investigated the approaches used by people who have committed WCST offenses (PWCST). In addition, these studies describe these approaches as active-orientated without mentioning an avoidant pathway. The aim of the study was to investigate whether PWCST use similar pathways as the four offending pathways identified by Ward and Hudson. Using qualitative thematic analysis, 195 cases of online chat conversations between PWCST and operators posing as a minor were analyzed. The Ward and Hudson pathways model was partially replicable. Evidence was found for an approach and avoidant pathway. The data also suggest three other sub-pathways and a mixed pathway. Most PWCST in this study used an approach pathway to immediately approach minors for sex, which provides important insight into the diverse nature of sexual grooming.

This research concerns the impact of the live broadcast application use in online learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study aims to determine the impact of the live broadcast application in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The problem essence in this study is the processes, constraints, and variations in applying the live broadcast application to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study applied a qualitative study type. The participants in this study were students of the Indonesian Language and Literature department in the Faculty of Languages and Literature, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia, in 2019-2020. This study found that the learning media used in the teaching and learning process for a regular meeting during the Covid-19 pandemic as live broadcast application were Zoom, Google Meet, and Streamyard. However, students also experienced that some lecturers only used live broadcast for online examination regarding evaluating the students’ assignment progress submitted to Google Classroom. Students also reported that lecturers use live broadcast applications to teach and other applications, such as Google Classroom and LMS. This study also found out the constraints experienced by students regarding the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study revealed that the students experienced some constraints in the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic, such as a large amount of data or quotas in use, the inadequate time provided by media of live broadcast, which is up to about forty minutes. Also, unsupportive signals always make weak audio sounds and sometimes close the application, making it difficult for students to comprehend the materials. Therefore, this study recommends that the lecturers maximize the teaching and learning process to anticipate time, place, and internet data packages as students’ constraints by recording the live broadcast in the form of YouTube live streaming.

The important of this paper is live streaming using gadget as a learning English speaking in Covid-19 era relying on the internet and utilizing the social media platform facebook. This research is a descriptive qualitative study, used on 40 students. The result identified seven steps to create a Facebook group and learning tool to produce lecture units, student activity sheets, and student worksheets. The analysis of this study discussed the seven steps of English learning design of English learning devices based on live streaming Facebook; 1) starting from creating an online Facebook group, 2) entering the design phase or design begins with entering or clicking on the facebook application, and then create a class facebook group, 3) write the name of the group of courses taught in class, 4) click type closed groups, 5) click to find the link, 6) click "Share" to see the class group link, 7) click copy to the clipboard. Student responses to learning are good, thus this learning design can be applied in the classroom. so the result of this design steps, They can practice learning English, especially speaking in live streaming video, which is a new activity for students on social media, namely Facebook.

Creative workers in the social media industries face the imperative to brand themselves to audiences, corporate sponsors, and potential customers. This study complicates the role of self-branding on social media through the case of real-time creative labor on a social live streaming platform. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and in-depth interviews with live creators and viewers, this study suggests that the affordances of social live streaming platforms create a media and relational environment wherein personal branding practices are belabored by both creators and audiences. This phenomenon, which we term participatory branding, redistributes the labor of personal branding on social media and emphasizes the work of audiences in helping to shape the brand of a creative worker. We then advance a typology that maps the terrain of personal branding on social media as it relates to platform affordances, cross-platform promotion, and audience activity in content creation.