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Silicon inverted pyramid (IP) structures, with lower reflectance and increased surface recombination, are one of the best choices for light-trapping structures of high-efficiency silicon solar cells. The solution process of IP generally goes through three main steps: porous silicon etched by metal-assisted chemical etching, acid etching, and alkali anisotropic etching. In this paper, the role that acid modification plays in IP preparation and the application of our optimized texture for passivated emitter and rear solar cells (PERC) were investigated. Experimental results show that acid plays a decisive role in optimizing and modifying the morphology of porous silicon; thus, the morphology of porous silicon has no direct influence on the morphology of IP. In addition, the opening size of IP is mainly determined by the size of silicon micron holes modified by the acid process. PC1D simulation results manifest that IPs can increase the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of devices by 1.04 mA/cm2 and power conversion efficiency by 0.55%; hence, our optimized IP-based PERC achieve the highest simulative conversion efficiency of 23.21%. This is an effective and important way to manipulate the structure of IP, which points out the direction of fabrication and application of high-efficiency IP textures.

The US-China trade war, initiated in March 2018, substantially transformed the trading partnership between the two largest economic powers. It directly influenced the profitability of domestic enterprises related to the export chain and harmed the domestic economy in China and its stock market. This study empirically examines the effects of the trade war on China’s stock market based on chronological events and tests whether it is the contagion effect or the present value effect. The empirical study supports the contagion effect because the impact of the US-China trade war differed significantly in different sectors only when the US announced its imposition of more tariffs on US$50 billion worth of Chinese products. However, there is no apparent difference between the industries for other events, nor is there any significant difference between the industries in terms of long-term impact.

To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion therapy plus Liu’s pediatric massage (tuina) for children with recurrent respiratory tract infections due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung. A total of 60 children who met the inclusion criteria were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the visiting sequence, with 30 cases in each group. Children in the observation group were treated with moxibustion therapy plus Liu’s pediatric massage, and those in the control group were treated with Liu’s pediatric massage alone. The incidence of respiratory tract infections and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms score were observed and recorded in both groups before and after treatment. And the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.3%, and that of the control group was 83.3%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P

Background The purpose of this prospective study was to explore the influence of both preoperative three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and intraoperative preservation of the bronchial artery (BA) on postoperative cough after thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods A total of 60 patients who had received a combination of thoracoscopic lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection were included in this study. They were divided into two groups, namely the BA preservation group (Group A), and conventional surgical treatment group (Group B). In group A, we used Exoview software for 3D reconstruction of the BA before the operation and the BA was preserved during the operation. 3D reconstruction of the BA was not performed before surgery in group B. The incidence of postoperative cough, the Mandarin Chinese version of the Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ‐MC), physiological, psychological and social dimensions and total score of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The scores and total scores of LCQ‐MC in group B were lower than those in group A one and two months after surgery. There were significant differences between the two groups in physiological and psychological dimensions and total scores (p 0.05). The incidence of postoperative cough in group A (16.7%) was lower than that in group B (30%), while the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.222). Conclusions Preoperative 3D reconstruction and intraoperative preservation of the BA can reduce the severity of postoperative cough., The anatomical type of bronchial artery is complex, and its origin, number and shape vary greatly. Preoperative three‐dimensional reconstruction and intraoperative preservation of bronchial artery may reduce the severity of postoperative cough.

Chinese classical literature has attracted much attention in the Western world. As an important part of Chinese classical literature, Du Fu’s poetry, also as an important carrier, plays a great role in the international communication of cultural confidence. In recent years, some domestic research institutions and scholars have also written literature reviews on the research progress of Du Fu, but few works of literature comprehensively review related western research results. With the combination of big data and visualization tools, this study uses the title keyword “Du Fu Poetry” to search the English literature of Google scholar. VOSviewer is used to make visual analysis and draw a knowledge map from the aspects of literature quantity, authors, research institutions, co-citation, keyword clustering, etc., to analyze the research situation and hotspots of the Western study of Du’s poetry. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) In recent decades, western translation of Du Fu’s poetry have emerged constantly, attracting more and more famous international publishing houses to cooperate; 2) The study of Du’s poetry abroad mainly focuses on the English translation of Du’s poetry as well as the interpretation and evaluation of poets' thoughts; 3) The study of Du’s poetry abroad ignores the dynamic study of Du's poetry development, and there are some obvious cultural errors or omissions in translation. In a word, this study objectively reflects the development, theme and hotspots of modern western Du Fu poetry research, which has certain significance for fully understanding the general situation of Du Fu research field in Western countries and help to deepen Du Fu’s research.

When designing rehabilitation robots, there remains the challenge of ensuring the comfort and safety of users, especially for wearable rehabilitation robots that interact with human limbs. In this paper, we present a kineto-static analysis of the 3-RPS parallel wrist rehabilitation robot, taking into account the soft characteristics of the human limb and its kinematic mobility. First, the human upper-limb model was made to estimate the interaction force and moment through inverse kinematic analysis. Second, a static analysis was conducted to obtain the force and moment acting on the human limb, which is directly related to the user’s comfort and safety. Then, the design parameters of the 3-RPS robot were obtained by generic optimization through kineto-static analysis. Finally, the influence of the parasitic motion of the 3-RPS robot and the initial offset between the wrist center and the robot moving platform were discussed. Through the analysis results, we provide effective solutions to ensure the safety and comfort of the user.

The combination of features from the convolutional layer and the fully connected layer of a convolutional neural network (CNN) provides an effective way to improve the performance of crime scene in...

Background A previous investigation regarding contralateral seventh cervical nerve transfer (CC7) revealed a novel and effective approach to improve arm function in patients with chronic spastic paralysis. The patients who underwent both CC7 and standard rehabilitation showed greater functional improvements and spasticity reductions than patients in the control group, who underwent rehabilitation only. Additional efforts are needed to maximize the benefits in patients and establishing a supporting nursing program is a promising method for achieving this goal. Methods The present Huashan nursing program was established in consideration of the following elements: providing routine perioperative care, ensuring surgical safety, and improving patient cooperation. Before surgery, psychiatric nursing, health education, and risk control were emphasized. After surgery, in addition to routine nursing and positioning, special attention was needed for targeted nursing in cases of postoperative adverse events. In addition, we performed descriptive statistical analysis of the clinical data of patients participating in the Huashan nursing program, focusing on postoperative adverse events. In total, 85 patients were included in the study, 10 of whom experienced adverse events, including severe pain (5, 5.88%), neck hematoma (2, 2.35%), dyspnea (2, 2.35%), and hoarseness (1, 1.18%). The above adverse events were alleviated through the targeted nursing care guided by the Huashan program. Discussion This article introduces the Huashan nursing program, which is based on preoperative evaluations, educational sessions, postoperative monitoring, and targeted nursing, for patients undergoing CC7. This nursing program helped promote and provided the opportunity to maximize the benefits of CC7.

The past decade has seen slowdowns in measured labor productivity growth across a broad swath of developed economies. The industrial sector grew 5.02 per cent in the outgoing fiscal year as opposed to the growth rate of 5.8pc recorded a year ago, in Pakistan. The main objective of this research is to examinethe small industrial performance in Peshawar-Pakistan. KPK is the smallest province in terms of area, among the four provinces, and the third-largest in terms of population. This study is about the total units Kohat road 124 industrial estates and 71 are closed which has spawned many social evils such a phenomenal increase in smuggling, trade and macro-unemployed youths indulge in illegal commercial ventures. The results show that the contribution of small-scale industrial sector toward the socio-economic development of the province is not significant. Furthermore, the main reasons are inconvenient location (away from the seaport), non-availability of skilled labor, inconsistent government policies, the dearth of local capital, lack of infrastructure and comparatively poor law and order situation, due to Afghan War, and operation in tribal areas. Nonetheless, certain policy recommendations were suggested based on the finding.

In the coal-bearing deposits of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the South China Sea, coal seams are for the most part extremely thin, typically less than 0.5 m. Coal streaks are commonly observed but are...

Greenhouse gas effect is known as the main cause of worldwide warming and environmental change. The present study was planned to examine the causal relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (CO2S), energy use (EU), fossil fuel energy consumption (FOF), gross domestic product (GDP), and net domestic credit (NDC). This research work is based on Pakistan's annual data from 1971 to 2014. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing design was used to measure both long-run and the short-run relationships among all study variables. To inspect the stationarity of the study variables, augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) tests were also carried out. The outcome of the long-run estimates indicated that CO2S, EU, and GDP all have a significant relationship with CO2 emissions while both FOF and NDC did not exhibit any significant effect. The value of error correction term (ECT) was - 0.977 which signifies that the deviation of CO2 emissions from short-run to long-run equilibrium was fitted by 97.7% per year. Johansen co-integration test results display a long-run association between the study variables. Based on the study findings, the government requires to take effective measures for constructive policy-making and identification of environmental threats in Pakistan. Additionally, emission decreasing actions should be settled the fundamental agenda in energy and environmental strategies of Pakistan for the reduction in damages connected with carbon dioxide emissions.

OBJECTIVE: Abnormal liver function is a common form of extra-pulmonary organ damage in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with severe COVID-19 have a higher probability and progression of liver injury than those without severe disease. We aimed to evaluate the prognosis of liver injury in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: We retrospectively included 502 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical features and survival of patients with and without liver injury were compared. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the variables that might have an effect on survival. RESULTS: Among the 502 patients enrolled, 301 patients had abnormal liver function with increased neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, creatinine, troponin I (TnI), D-dimer, lactose dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. Patients with abnormal liver functions had a higher mortality rate (28.9% vs 9.0%, P < 0.001), a higher ratio of male sex (65.1% vs 40.8%, P < 0.001) and a higher chance of developing systemic inflammatory response syndrome (53.5% vs 41.3%, P = 0.007). Among patients with abnormal liver functions, patients with grade 2 liver damage (with both abnormal alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase levels and abnormal alkaline phosphatase or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels) had a higher ratio of male patients, elevated neutrophil count, procalcitonin, D-dimer levels and mortality rate. Multivariate Cox regression analyses suggested that the grade of liver damage (hazard ratio: 1.377, 95% confidence interval: 1.000-1.896, P = 0.049) was an independent predictor of death. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COVID-19 and abnormal liver functions have a higher mortality than those with normal liver functions. Liver damage is an independent prognostic factor of COVID-19.

Face image super-resolution imaging is an important technology which can be utilized in crime scene investigations and public security. Modern CNN-based super-resolution produces excellent results in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio and the structural similarity index (SSIM). However, perceptual quality is generally poor, and the details of the facial features are lost. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel deep neural network to predict the super-resolution wavelet coefficients in order to obtain clearer facial images. Firstly, this paper uses prior knowledge of face images to manually emphases relevant facial features with more attention. Then, a linear low-rank convolution in the network is used. Finally, image edge features from canny detector are applied to enhance super-resolution images during training. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve competitive PSNR and SSIM and produces images with much higher perceptual quality.

Risk and uncertainty are distinctive features of agricultural cultivation, which significantly affect the production and income. Risk management is an important way for farmers to reduce uncertainty. But little literature is available on simultaneous adoption of different risk management strategies and the possible correlations and impact. This study surveyed 350 maize farmers in four different agro-ecological districts in Bangladesh through stratified random sampling and explored the impacts of social and farm features, farmers’ perceptions about catastrophic risk and their attitude towards risk sources, and the possible correlations among contract farming, diversification and agricultural credit as for risk management strategies by employing multivariate probit model. The results confirmed the correlation among the adoptions of different risk management strategies and revealed that a single risk management strategy could encourage farmers to adopt another one or two risk management strategies simultaneously. Furthermore, the findings explored that age, educational status, extension contact, monthly family income, farm size, farmland ownership, and farmers’ risk-averse nature were the most influencing factors for risk management strategies adopted. Also, the findings from the multivariate probit model provided further interpretations and information which will help in a better understanding of farmer’s behavior about managing different catastrophic risks and will give a platform for policymakers to anticipate suitable risk management strategies for farmers.

Background Photothermal therapy with accurate and real-time temperature detection is desired in clinic. Upconversion nanocrystals (UCNs) are candidate materials for simultaneous temperature detection and photothermal agents carrying. However, the weak luminescence and multiple laser excitations of UCNs limit their application in thermal therapy. Materials and methods NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+,Nd3+, PL-PEG-NH2, IR-806 and folic acid are selected as structural components. A nanoprobe (NP) integrated with efficient photothermal conversion and sensitive temperature detection capabilities is synthesized for precise photothermal therapy. The probes are based on near-infrared upconversion nanocrystals doped with Yb, Er and Nd ions, which can be excited by 808 nm light. IR-806 dye molecules are modified on the surface as molecular antennas to strongly absorb near-infrared photons for energy transfer and conversion. Results The results show that under an 808 nm laser irradiation upconversion luminescence of the nanocrystals is enhanced based on both the Nd ion absorption and the FRET energy transfer of IR-806. The luminescence ratio at 520 and 545 nm is calculated to accurately monitor the temperature of the nanoparticles. The temperature of the nanoprobes increases significantly through energy conversion of the molecular antennas. The nanoparticles are found successfully distributed to tumor cells and tumor tissue due to the modification of the biocompatible molecules on the surface. Tumor cells can be killed efficiently based on the photothermal effect of the NPs. Under the laser irradiation, temperature at mouse tumor site increases significantly, tissue necrosis and tumor cell death can be observed. Conclusion Precision photothermal therapy can thus be achieved by highly efficient near-infrared light absorption and accurate temperature monitoring, making it promising for tumor treatment, as well as the biological microzone temperature detection.

Okra is a new type of healthy vegetable and belongs to the homology of medicine and food in traditional Chinese medicine. It is rich in nutrients and active ingredients (i.e. dietary fiber,...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe cardiopulmonary disease characterized by pathological vascular remodeling in the lung. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is known to participate in aortic vascular remodeling, but whether IgE mediates pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH is unknown. Here, we found serum IgE elevation in PAH patients, hypoxia-induced PH mice and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats. Combining animal model of PH with single-cell RNA sequencing, we found IgE production in the lung tissues of PH mice. Neutralizing IgE with an anti-IgE antibody was effective in preventing PH development in mice and rat models. The IgE receptor FcεRIα was also upregulated in PH lung tissues and Fcer1a deficiency prevented the development of PH in mice. Single-cell RNA-seq revealed that FcεRIα was mostly expressed in mast cells, and mast cell-specific Fcer1a knockout protected against PH in mice. Further mechanistic experiments revealed that IgE-activated mast cells produced interleukins IL6 and IL13, which subsequently promoted vascular muscularization. Clinically approved IgE antibody Omalizumab alleviated the progression of established PH in rats. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we have demonstrated that blocking IgE- FcεRIα signaling may hold potential for the treatment of PAH.

The main load-bearing component of a suspension cable spanning natural gas pipeline is a cable with considerable flexibility, which is prone to large deformation and stress under the action...

Jingrui Huo,1,&ast; Lei Wang,2,&ast; Yi Tian,2 Wenjie Sun,1 Guoan Zhang,1 Yan Zhang,1 Ying Liu,1 Jingjing Zhang,1 Xiaohui Yang,1 Yingfu Liu3 1Science and Technology Experiment Center, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of China; 2Microbiology and Immunology Department, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of China; 3Cangzhou Nanobody Technology Innovation Center, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaohui YangScience and Technology Experiment Center, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 574 83023687Email 15333278020@163.comYingfu LiuCangzhou Nanobody Technology Innovation Center, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of ChinaFax +86 57483023687Email liu_yingfu@126.comBackground: Severe trauma and burns accompanied by sepsis are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the transcriptional similarity between trauma, burns, sepsis, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Uncovering key genes and molecular networks is critical to understanding the biology of disease. Conventional analysis of gene changes (fold change) analysis is difficult for time-serial data such as post-injury blood transcriptome.Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to the trauma dataset to identify modules and hub genes. Module stability was tested by half sampling. Module preservations of burns, sepsis, and SIRS were calculated using trauma as reference. Module functional enrichment was analyzed in gProfiler server. Candidate drugs were screened using Connectivity Map based on hub genes. The modules were visualized in Cytoscape.Results: Seventeen modules were identified. The modules were robust to the exclusion of half the sample. They were involved in lymphocyte and platelet activation, erythrocyte differentiation, cell cycle, translation, and interferon signaling. In addition, highly connected hub genes were identified in each module, such as GUCY1B1, BCL11B, HMMR, and CEACAM6. High BCL11B (M13) or low CEACAM6 (M27) expression indicates better survival prognosis in sepsis patients regardless of endotype class and age. Network preservation in burns, sepsis, and SIRS showed a general similarity between trauma and burns. M4, M5, M13, M16, M20, and M27 were significantly associated with injury time in trauma and burns. High M13 (T cell activation), low M15 (cell cycle), and low M27 (neutrophil activation) indicate better survival of sepsis patients, regardless of endotype class and age. Moreover, the modules can efficiently separate patients with different diseases. Some modules and hub genes have good prognostic performance in sepsis. Based on the hub genes of each module, six candidate drugs were screened.Conclusion: This study first compared the gene co-expression modules in trauma, burns, sepsis, and SIRS. The identified modules are useful for disease prognosis and drug discovery. BCL11B and CEACAM6 may be promising biomarkers for sepsis risk assessment.Keywords: WGCNA, SIRS, Connectivity Map, hub gene

Premature mothers present more anxiety and stress after delivery, which may be caused by mother–infant separation while hospitalised. Skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC), a mitigating factor for mother–infant separation, can benefit infants and mothers in many ways, but few studies focused on its efficacy on maternal anxiety and stress states. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the effect of SSC on anxiety and stress. Comprehensive research was conducted in nine databases. Meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of SSC, and subgroup analyses were performed to explain the sources of heterogeneity. Eight randomised controlled trials with 728 participants were included, and SSC significantly reduced the level of anxiety ([standardised mean difference, SMD] −0.72; 95% CI −1.08 to −0.35) and stress state ([SMD] −0.84; 95% CI −1.59 to −0.09). One subgroup analysis revealed that SSC can relieve anxiety if performing SSC no less than 1 h per day ([SMD] −0.94; 95% CI −1.34 to −0.53). Another subgroup analysis suggested that applying SSC repeatedly and lasting less than 1 week ([SMD] −1.49; 95% CI −2.31 to −0.66) or for 1 week to 2 weeks ([SMD] −1.04; 95% CI −1.29 to −0.79) can significantly reduce maternal anxiety level but no significance if lasting over 2 weeks ([SMD] −0.33; 95% CI −0.67 to 0.01). SSC can effectively improve anxiety and stress states among premature mothers after delivery, and not definitive finding presents that only SSC that was performed no less than 60 min could improve postpartum anxiety states, while SSC alone was not as effective when carried out over 2 weeks.

Developing a simple, comfortable rehabilitation robot that can carry out in-home rehabilitation has been a long-time challenge. In this paper, we present a rehabilitation robot with one degree of freedom (DOF) for wrist joint flexion-extension movement. Passive joints have been added to the exoskeleton, forming a four-bar slider crank mechanism, which can reduce unwanted forces due to joint misalignment. A concept of modeling human soft tissue as a passive prismatic joint with spring is introduced in order to achieve the compactness and comfort of the robot simultaneously. In addition, the effects of human soft tissue displacement are compared. A trade-off between robot volume and comfort is discussed. Finally, the kineto-static analysis of the proposed design is conducted to prove the feasibility of adopting this concept in robot-assisted rehabilitation.

Project-based learning is a student-centered form of teaching in which students are able to construct their own knowledge and reflect on their own learning projects, thereby increasing learning motivation and self-efficacy. Project-based learning has been explored in different contexts and at different stages of school education, from primary and secondary schools to higher education, and has achieved good teaching results. However, project teaching often lasts for a long period and is quite flexible, so it is difficult to cover most of the course knowledge. In new curriculum system, the class hours are greatly compressed, which makes it difficult for teachers to carry out the project teaching effectively. This paper designed a series of micro-projects based on sticky theory by taking the course “Optical Communication System and Network” as an example to facilitate the core knowledge of the course. The paper first introduces the design methods of micro-projects based on content stickiness, and designs the teaching mode of micro-projects based on pattern stickiness, and then applies the methods and the mode to teaching practice. The teaching results show that students have improved their abilities in some aspects, and gained a great sense of achievement in learning.

Lung ultrasound (LUS) is now widely used in the diagnosis and monitor of neonatal lung diseases. Nevertheless, in the published literatures, the LUS images may display a significant variation in technical execution, while scanning parameters may influence diagnostic accuracy. The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of ultrasound exam have been extensively studied in general and in LUS. As expected, the reliability declines in the hands of novices when they perform the point-of-care ultrasound (POC US). Consequently, having appropriate guidelines regarding to technical aspects of neonatal LUS exam is very important especially because diagnosis is mainly based on interpretation of artifacts produced by the pleural line and the lungs. The present work aimed to create an instrument operation specification and parameter setting guidelines for neonatal LUS. Technical aspects and scanning parameter settings that allow for standardization in obtaining LUS images include (1) select a high-end equipment with high-frequency linear array transducer (12-14 MHz). (2) Choose preset suitable for lung examination or small organs. (3) Keep the probe perpendicular to the ribs or parallel to the intercostal space. (4) Set the scanning depth at 4-5 cm. (5) Set 1-2 focal zones and adjust them close to the pleural line. (6) Use fundamental frequency with speckle reduction 2-3 or similar techniques. (7) Turn off spatial compounding imaging. (8) Adjust the time-gain compensation to get uniform image from the near-to far-field.

Paleogene Huangxian Basin which lies in Eastern China contains deposits of many types of coal and shale associations. The sedimentary models of coal and shale associations are very important to exp...

Aim: Change at a molecular level should occur before histopathological impairments. We refer to these changes as ‘prechronic disease state.’ Methods: Two blood samples were taken 1 day apart, 1 month apart and 2 years apart to determine the contribution of genetic and biological variations. Results: The 95% CI calculated quantitatively by the variability of genetic variation was very similar to the reference interval provided by the laboratory for most indicators, indicating that pathological variability had occurred without consideration of biological variation if an indicator's value lies outside of the reference interval. Conclusion: The physiological or predisease state can be distinguished directly using the laboratory reference interval.

This paper takes the Linxing area of the eastern margin of Ordos Basin as an example. Based on the data of reservoir fluid inclusions (FI) and combined with the history of buried thermal history in Linxing area, the main effects of magmatism on the gas accumulation time, accumulation period, gas accumulation dynamics and accumulation pattern are studied. The vitrinite reflectance (Ro) in source rocks of Zijinshan tectonic area is higher than that in gentle tectonic area. The closer to Zijinshan pluton, the more it tends to single period natural gas charging, the earlier time of gas charging. The characteristics of natural gas accumulation are evidently regional and zonal. Gas accumulation in gentle tectonic area conforms to the law of “gas accumulation in near source reservoir is earlier than remote source reservoir”. The gas generated from the source rocks in the lower formation of the Zijinshan tectonic area reached the upper formation rapidly through the faults and fractures caused by the uplift of the Zijinshan pluton, and the accumulation interval time between the near source and remote source formation is relatively short. The Zijinshan tectonic area is the long-term high-pressure area and high-fluid potential area. The fluid potential in gentle tectonic area is low, and the fluid potential difference between the north and south is the motive force to promote the long distance lateral migration of gas. Zijinshan tectonic area is the hydrocarbon generation center and driving force source area, and gas accumulated rapidly from bottom to top. The features of gas accumulation in gentle tectonic area are dominated by vertical accumulation, supplemented by lateral supplementation. Since the Late Cretaceous, a large number of deep faults have been caused by the strong uplift of Zijinshan pluton, and a large number of natural gas are scattered through the faults and the reservoirs are destroyed. The faults in gentle tectonic area are not developed, and the natural gas preservation conditions are good, with good exploration prospects.

As a key part of an aircraft engine, the profile accuracy and surface quality of the titanium alloy bladesignificantly influence engine usability. Belt grinding is one of the most effective...

Fishponds are artificial yet dynamic environments. Microbes play a vital role in the conversion and metabolism of organic matter in aquaculture environments such as fishponds. Changes in bacterial community composition in three fishponds over a 5‐month period were investigated by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene through Illumina Miseq. A total of 2,195,879 sequences and 9,975 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained. Further analysis showed that the dominant phyla in three ponds were similar, including Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. A comprehensive analysis of the diversity, redundancy analysis (RDA) and partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) showed a spatial‐temporal structural pattern in the bacterial communities. The bacterial community composition in the three fishponds was shaped more by spatial variation than by temporal variation. The effect of pond isolation was emphasized by the significant differences observed in the three fishponds. However, the temporal succession of bacterial communities in each pond exhibited a similar trend. Correlation analysis and RDA also indicated that temporal variation was significantly associated with TOC, TN and NO₂⁻. This study would improve our understanding of the assembly mechanisms of a microbial structure in artificial pond ecosystems, and provide useful information for fishpond management.

In this paper, a noninvasive quantum imaging method of the near-field (NF) distribution of patch antenna was proposed by using a diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. We applied AM/FM pulse modulation technique combined with optical detection magnetic resonance to measure the microwave magnetic field of a patch antenna. A full reconstruction formulation of the magnetic field vector, including the amplitude and phase, is proposed by measuring both the left and right circular polarizations along the four NV axes. Furthermore, we proposed a novelty method to reconstruct the surface current distribution imaging of patch antenna by using an integral equation based on magnetic field. The proposed quantum imaging method can directly measure the NF distribution of real antenna. Compared with HFSS simulation, the microwave imaging experiment is sensitive to actual manufacturing details such as the metal cross section due to etching and dielectric layers such as solder masks and shows the microwave field distribution of the real antenna. A nanoscale diamond probe enables nanoscale high-resolution imaging. The proposed method is expected to have applications in diagnosis on monolithic microwave integrated-circuits chip, antenna characterization, and the field mode imaging of nanoscale semiconductor radio frequency devices.

AIMS The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) has been widely adopted since its introduction. In this study, we aimed to report our experience using this reporting system at a College of American Pathologists (CAP)-accredited hospital laboratory in a large series of Chinese patients. METHODS All patients who underwent preoperative ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) from January 2011 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Thyroid FNAs were classified according to the Bethesda System. For patients who underwent subsequent surgery at our institution, the diagnostic performance of the preoperative FNA was further analyzed according to four different calculation criteria. All of the follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma specimens were reviewed to exclude NIFTP (noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features). RESULTS A total of 13 351 thyroid FNAs were included in this analysis. Of the 12 530 sampled patients, 3594 (28.7%) underwent thyroidectomy, and the malignancy rates for each cytological category were as follows: 66.7% unsatisfactory, 14.2% benign, 53.5% undetermined significance, 30.2% follicular neoplasm, 82.0% suspicious, and 99.1% malignant. Only 12 (0.36% of all PTC) patients were reclassified as having NIFTP. The sensitivities of the preoperative FNAs were all above 95.0% and were as high as 99.0%. The specificities ranged from 50.3% to 63.9%, depending on which criteria were used. The positive predictive value was 95.4% for criteria 1 and 2 and was 94.2% for criteria 3 and 4. The negative predictive values ranged from 64.5% to 85.8%. The diagnostic accuracies all exceeded 90.0%, with the highest being 94.8%. CONCLUSION This study revealed the great efficacy and accuracy of TBSRTC in a large Chinese population for the first time.

This study aims to investigate the stability of stiffened panels, which is important for marine structures. A series of finite-element (FE) calculation models of 4-side simply supported sti...

A blisk is one of the key parts of an aero-engine, whose surface processing quality directly affects aero-engine performance. Different degrees of vibration occur during the process of new open belt grinding which seriously affect the precision of the dimensions and the surface quality of the entire blade profile. With the aim of addressing this problem, this study constructed a physical model of blisk belt grinding, analysed the low-rigidity characteristics of the grinding system, and researched the vibratory mechanism of the blisk belt grinding system based on a dynamic analysis method. In addition, the factors affecting the stability of the grinding process and the stability conditions of the grinding were considered. Then, the belt grinding process of a blade surface was simulated through a numerical method. The technological parameters were quantified for different conditions of the blisk belt grinding vibration. The optimal combination of process parameters was obtained. Finally, the optimised process parameters were validated experimentally. The research demonstrates that vibration from blisk belt grinding is related to the process parameters as follows, in the order of the greatest influence: the grinding pressure, belt velocity, feed speed, and contact wheel hardness. After optimisation, the cross-sectional profile is 0.031–0.041 mm and the surface roughness is 0.1–0.2 μm; the surface is smoother and has better consistency.

High-resolution field imaging with minimized invasiveness is of growing interest with the development of radio frequency (RF) integrated circuits and planar antenna characterization. In this paper, we propose an optical broadband sensor with static offset magnetic field using a diamond crystal that contains an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. The spatial resolution of micrometer scale is demonstrated by using a diamond crystal of this size. This technique is based on the modulation of fluorescence emitting by NV center under green laser excitation, by an off-axis magnetic field at radio frequencies. We demonstrate experimentally the detection of an RF magnetic field, with minimum measurable amplitude on the order of 0.1 Gauss, which is limited by the noise floor of the avalanche photodetector. The sensitivity can be further improved by noise suppression in optics. The bandwidth of the sensor is measured to be 15 MHz.

Cesium tungsten bronze (Cs0.33WO3) coatings can effectively depress solar heat gain and air-conditioning energy consumption of buildings, because of their highly selective near infrared (NIR) absorbing ability. However, the absorbed solar energy may overheat the window glasses due to the high photothermal conversion efficiency of Cs0.33WO3 coatings, discounting their transparent heat insulating performance. To solve this issue, we design a new energy-efficient composite window by integrating NIR-shielding Cs0.33WO3 with phase change materials (PCMs, paraffin wax in our case). In the composite window, the hexagonal-phase Cs0.33WO3 is prepared by a solid-state reaction method, and then coated onto commercial float glass as Cs0.33WO3–SiO2 composite films via a sol–gel process. Afterwards, a homemade double-plane window consisting of a float glass and a Cs0.33WO3–SiO2-coated glass is filled by molten commercial paraffin wax to obtain the paraffin wax–Cs0.33WO3 composite window. Cs0.33WO3 in the window can reduce solar heat gain of the buildings. Meanwhile, the paraffin wax component can accumulate the Cs0.33WO3-captured thermal energy by its endothermic molting processes, protecting the window from overheating. When the ambient temperature drops low enough, the stored thermal energy in the paraffin wax can be gradually released back by reverse solidifying processes. Therefore, this paraffin wax–Cs0.33WO3 composite window should be very effective to keep indoor temperature stable and comfortable. Performed on a homemade house model, the paraffin wax–Cs0.33WO3 composite window can depress indoor temperature variation from 24.2 down to 7.3 °C, compared with a bare glass window. This composite window is expected to improve energy efficiency of buildings locating in areas with high day–night or summer–winter temperature fluctuations.

In recent years, a lot of power allocation algorithms have been proposed to maximize spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) for the distributed antenna systems (DAS). However, the traditional iterative power allocation algorithms are difficult to be implemented in reality because of their high computational complexity. With the development of machine learning algorithms, it has been proved that the machine learning method has excellent learning ability and low computational complexity, which can approximate the traditional iterative power allocation well and be easily to be implemented in reality. In this paper, we propose a new deep neural network (DNN) model for DAS. From the perspective of machine learning, traditional iterative algorithms can be regarded as a nonlinear mapping between user channel realizations and optimal power allocation schemes. Therefore, we train the DNN to learn the nonlinear mapping between the user channel realizations and the corresponding power allocation schemes based on the traditional iterative algorithm. Then, a power allocation schemes based on DNN method is developed to maximize SE and EE for DAS. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can not only obtain the almost similar performance as the traditional iterative algorithm, but also reduce much online computational time.

Objective— Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is characterized by proliferative vascular remodeling. Abnormal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation and endothelial dysfunction are the primary cellular bases of vascular remodeling. AQP1 (aquaporin-1) is regulated by oxygen level and has been observed to play a role in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The role of AQP1 in HPH pathogenesis has not been directly determined to date. To determine the possible roles of AQP1 in the pathogenesis of HPH and explore its possible mechanisms. Approach and Results— Aqp1 knockout mice were used, and HPH model was established in this study. Primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, primary mouse lung endothelial cells, and lung tissue sections from HPH model were used. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration analysis were performed in this study. AQP1 expression was upregulated by chronic hypoxia exposure, both in pulmonary artery endothelia and medial smooth muscle layer of mice. Aqp1 deficiency attenuated the elevation of right ventricular systolic pressures and mitigated pulmonary vascular structure remodeling. AQP1 deletion reduced abnormal cell proliferation in pulmonary artery and accompanied with accumulation of HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor). In vitro, Aqp1 deletion reduced hypoxia-induced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and migration ability of primary cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and repressed HIF-1α protein stability. Furthermore, Aqp1 deficiency protected lung endothelial cells from apoptosis in response to hypoxic injury. Conclusions— Our data showed that Aqp1 deficiency could attenuate hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling in the development of HPH. AQP1 may be a potential target for pulmonary hypertension treatment.

Water is the source of life and the link that binds all living beings on this planet. This paper takes the Minhang District of Shanghai as an example to analyze the residual chlorine and turbidity of the secondary water supply detected by the six monitoring points in the area. The influence factors of water quality are analyzed according to the test results, at the same time, the correlation between turbidity and residual chlorine is explored, and corresponding solutions are proposed to provide reference for solving these problems.

Fenvalerate (FV) is widely used in aquaculture because of their broad spectrums and high efficiency. However, little is known regarding the elimination of FV influenced by environment factors in aquaculture water, especially its cis-trans isomers (cis-FV and trans-FV). In the present study, factors influencing the aquaculture environment (open type, temperature, pH and light) were selected, and the elimination dynamics of FV and its cis-trans isomers in aquaculture water using orthogonal experiments were investigated. The results showed that the half-life and elimination rate range of FV were 4.75-11.95 days and 65-93%, respectively, while those of trans-FV were 4.60-11.82 days and 67-93% and those of cis-FV were 4.94-12.04 days and 64-92%, respectively. The elimination rate of trans-FV was better than that of cis-FV. Additionally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the orthogonal experimental data indicated that the environmental factors of open type, temperature, and pH significantly influenced the elimination rate of cis- and trans-FV (P

It is well known that prototype and model behave differently under the conventional gravity field when the influence of gravity cannot be ignored such as the collapse of viaducts. In this paper, we derived a similarity relations that takes gravity effects into account and simulated the viaduct collapse process and the impact effect on underground tunnel under collapsing vibration through a prototype and a scaled model. The results show that when the gravity expands n times in the model which scaled ration is 1/n, the prototype and model are similar. This study provides a theoretical basis for research on viaduct collapse vibration based on the centrifugal model.

Background To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of bronchial arterial infusion chemoembolization (BAICE) for lung cancer with hemoptysis. Patients and Methods Retrospectively analyze clinical data of patients undergoing BAICE for the treatment of lung cancer with hemoptysis, evaluate the clinical efficacy of this approach, observe postoperative adverse reactions, and analyze hemoptysis-free survival (HFS) and overall survival (OS). Results All 187 patients underwent BAICE with technical success rate of 100%, clinical success rate of 86.6%, clinical failure rate of 13.4%. After BAICE, the tumor curative effect was evaluated as complete remission in 56 cases, partial remission in 82 cases, stable disease in 26 cases, and progressive disease in 6 cases. The objective response rate was 73.8%, and the disease control rate was 87.7%. Median HFS of the 154 clinically successful cases was 10.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.11-11.89). The degree of hemoptysis (massive hemoptysis hazard ratio [HR] = 5.9, 95% CI: 3.43-10.16, P=0.00) and cavitary lung mass (HR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.44-3.99, P = 0.001), were significantly related to a reduction in HFS after BAICE. The 6-month and 12-month survival rates were 66.5% and 45.6%, respectively. The median OS of clinically successful cases was 13.0 months (95% CI: 11.22-14.77). The median OS of 16 clinically failed cases was 2.0 months (95% CI: 0.41-2.45) (P Conclusion BAICE for advanced lung cancer with hemoptysis is safe, effective, and tolerable. Micro Abstract BAE is often used for lung cancer with hemoptysis, but the long-term effect is poor. We retrospectively analyzed 187 patients treated with BAE and BAIC. The clinical success rate of 86.6%. The ORR, DCR were 73.8%, 87.7%, respectively. The Median HFS and OS were 10.5 months and 13.0 months, respectively. BAICE is safe, effective, and tolerable for patients.

Implant-related infection is a common complication after orthopedic surgery, but there is limited research focused on anaerobic infections. We retrospectively analyzed data from 80 patients with anaerobic implant-related infections in order to investigate the clinical features, bacterial distribution and antimicrobial resistant characteristics of this disease.80 patients who underwent implant-related infections with anaerobes were included. Pathogens were isolated and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry with verification of 16s rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using Epsilometric test (E-test).Among the 80 patients, 61.2% (49/80) were infected with anaerobes alone, while 38.8% (31/80) were co-infected with anaerobes and other bacteria. Early infection cases involving anaerobe-alone infections were significantly higher compared to the co-infection group (P 0.001), also exhibiting lower levels of neutrophils (P = 0.033) and ESR (P = 0.046). Anaerobe-alone infections in the prosthetic joint infection group represented a higher proportion compared with other implant-related infections (P = 0.031). Among all species of anaerobes identified, the top 3 were Cutibacterium acnes, Finegoldia magna and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Low MIC values to vancomycin was recorded in C. acnes strains and for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam in most F. magna strains. One of the C. acnes and F. magna strains appeared multi-drug resistant except to vancomycin.Anaerobe-alone infections have later first onset times and lower infection biomarker levels compared to co-infected patients. The first choice against C. acnes is vancomycin, while amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam are recommended for F. magna.

Background Personalized three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction can help surgeons to overcome technical challenges and variations of pulmonary anatomic structures in the performance of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UVATS), thus improving the safety and efficacy of the procedure. This study aims to evaluate the utility of preoperative 3D-CT bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA) with Exoview software in the assessment of anatomical variations of pulmonary vessels, and to analyze short-term surgical outcomes in patients undergoing UVATS lobectomy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 198 consecutive patients who underwent curative UVATS lobectomy between November 2019 and September 2020. The patients were divided into an "Exoview" group (n=53) and a "non-Exoview" group (n=145). We performed 1:1 propensity score matching and compared intraoperative and postoperative outcomes between the two groups. A subgroup analysis of 74 patients who underwent single-direction uniportal lobectomy was also conducted. Aberrant pulmonary vessel patterns related to the surgery were also examined. Results The operative time in the Exoview group was significantly shorter than that in the non-Exoview group, both before (145.7±33.9 vs. 159.5±41.6 minutes, P=0.032) and after (145.7±33.9 vs. 164.2±41.8 minutes, P=0.014) propensity score matching. The number of mediastinal lymph nodes dissected was higher in the Exoview group than in the non-Exoview group (8.19±6.89 vs. 5.78±3.3, P=0.024) after propensity score matching. Intraoperative blood loss showed a statistical difference between the Exoview and non-Exoview groups (60.4±45.4 vs. 100.8±83.9, P=0.009). Four types of arterial variations and 2 types of venous variations related to the surgery were observed among 8 patients (15%), which have rarely been reported before. Conclusions Personalized preoperative 3D-CT bronchography and angiography helped to clearly visualize the pulmonary anatomical structures and could contribute to the safe and efficient performance of UVATS anatomical lobectomy.

In the crowd sensing application, a slice-based trajectory privacy protection method (STPP) is proposed for the privacy of mobile object trajectory data with rich spatiotemporal information. The trajectory data is first sliced with the position (GPS) as the smallest tuple so that the trajectory is converted into a corresponding trajectory tuple set, and each trajectory tuple is attached with a unique identifier. The user generates three random numbers $(\alpha,\ \lambda,\ \beta)$ for each trajectory tuple, and sends the trajectory tuple together with $(\alpha,\lambda, \beta)$ to the next user who then sends the trajectory tuple and the changed three random numbers to another randomly selected user. In this way, when the threshold of the set random number is reached, the user uploads the trajectory tuple to the server. Thus, the attacker cannot distinguish the location of the user. Due to the loss of the clustering relationship, the uploaded trajectory tuple becomes a set of anonymous and non-contiguous data sets, so that the server can not recognize the individual motion trajectory at all. Finally, the user can reconstruct the trajectory on the client based on the unique identifier. The experimental results and theoretical analysis show that STPP protects the privacy of the user’s trajectory and improves the practicability of the data.

This paper makes a preliminary discussion on the generation, composition, and construction principles of city brains, proposing that the Internet has changed significantly in the structure through 50 years’ development, and it is evolving from a net-like structure to the brain model. The combination of the Internet brain model and the construction of smart cities is the root cause for the generation of city brains. By analyzing the features of the Internet brain model, three principles for the construction of city brains are presented. The first principle is to establish a unified technology framework for city neurons across the world; the second is to achieve the human-computer dual intelligent control over city neurons, and ensure the human has the priority of control; and the third is to set the information routing meeting the city’s needs, realizing the cloud reflex arc of the city brain.

Objectives: To examine risk perception and negative emotions during two periods of the COVID-19 and provide plausible intervention points for the psychological aid under a stressful condition.Methods: The current study adopted the repeated cross-sectional research and was participated by a cohort of Chinese HCWs who were assigned to work at the current disease resistance line. The between-group information about gender, profession, and location was collected in the demographic questionnaire. Risk perception questionnaire was adapted for COVID-19 to assess risk perception and the Chinese version of emotional self-rating scale (PANAS) was used to evaluate HCWs’ negative emotions.Results: Findings revealed the risk perception and negative emotions of HCWs varied in different gender, profession, location, as well as different periods of COVID-19. Over the different periods, the predominated negative emotion expressed by HCWs varied, but negative emotion was consistently associated with risk perception and could be a significant indicator of risk perception.Conclusion: The significance of this research lies in its examination of risk perception and negative emotions of HCWs confronting the COVID-19 during two periods of the pandemic, which underscored the importance of monitoring the risk perception and negative emotions of HCWs to ensure safety and prevent the return of the pandemics.