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Due to sensor drift, instrumental variation, or change of measurement object, the distributions of the datasets (domains) acquired by the sensors are often different. A domain adaptive framework called MCSP-SSS is proposed to reduce the distribution discrepancy across domains for high-accuracy sensor data classification. The framework consists of two key parts: Multi-Constraint Subspace Projection (MCSP) and Source Sample Selection (SSS). MCSP is a subspace-projection-based approach, which introduces four constraints to get an optimized projection matrix: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the redundancy of features; Mean Distribution Discrepancy (MDD) is applied to minimize the difference between source and target data; Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) is adopted to maximizing the dependence between features and labels; A so-called weighted-within-class scatter matrix is introduced to minimize the within-class variance to avoid samples with different labels to overlap in the subspace. SSS is designed to remove the outliers in projected source samples so as to reduce distribution discrepancy between the source and target samples projected by MCSP. Experimental results show that our framework can achieve the best accuracies in all classification tasks in comparison with other state-of-the-art approaches. The accuracy of MCSP-SSS is 3.57 percentage points (pps) higher on average than that of the second best approach for single-source domain adaptation, and 7.00 pps for multi-source domain adaptation. Source code is available at https://github.com/threedteam/tsc_subspace_projection .

The expansion complexity is a new figure of merit for cryptographic sequences. In this paper, we present an explicit formula of the (irreducible) expansion complexity of ultimately periodic sequences over finite fields. We also provide improved upper and lower bounds on the $N$ th irreducible expansion complexity when they are not explicitly determined. In addition, for some infinite sequences with given nonlinear complexity, a tighter upper bound of their $N$ th expansion complexity is given.

In this letter, we propose a novel smart livestock surveillance system through cooperation of AIoT (artificial intelligence of things) devices and the cloud computing platform, aiming at providing semantic information via assembling deep networks with AIoT devices of limited resource. The key of the proposed system includes two designs: deep-net assembling as a semantic surveillance service and the expandable-convolutional-block neural network (ECB-Net). The first is a development architecture of the divide-and-conquer philosophy for establishing semantic surveillance systems, and this work provides a concrete instance for promoting deep-net assembling to livestock industries. The second is an AIoT device-friendly neural network for filtering insignificant camera images to achieve high robustness of smart surveillance systems. The technical details from the architecture design to optimal ECB-Net model creation are presented in related sections. Finally, we develop the prototype of the smart livestock surveillance system and deploy it by swine rooms for conducting real-world integrated tests. Testing results reveal the superior performance of our proposed smart livestock surveillance scheme.

Objectives To compare the levels of serum pepsinogen (PG) in patients with gastric cancer (GC), patients with atrophic gastritis (AG), and healthy donors. Also, we explored the clinical value of PG detection for the diagnosis and treatment of GC. Methods The PG level in peripheral blood from patients and heathy donors was determined using an Abbott automatic chemiluminescence instrument. The study included 117 patients with GC confirmed by gastroscopy and histopathology, of whom 13 patients had cancer at stage I, 47 at stage II, 41 at stage III, and 16 at stage IV. The AG group included 122 patients, and the control group had 120 healthy donors. The relationship between serum PG levels and the occurrence and development of GC, as well as the evaluation of the clinical value of diagnostic tests based on serum PG detection, were investigated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Results Pepsinogen I (PGI) levels gradually decreased from the control group, the AG group, and the GC group. PGI exhibited high diagnostic value for GC (area under the curve [AUC], 0.834; cutoff, 51.2 ng/mL, sensitivity, 81.7%; specificity, 68.4%), PGII (AUC, 0.587; cutoff value, 13.05 ng/mL; sensitivity, 65.8%; specificity, 53.8%), and PGR (AUC, 0.752; cutoff, 5.65; sensitivity, 54.2%; specificity, 87.2%). The occurrence of GC was negatively correlated with serum levels of PGI (B = −0.054; OR = 0.947; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.925–0.970; P Conclusions The combined detection of PGI, PGII, and PGR has important clinical value for the screening, prevention, and diagnosis of GC and could allow for earlier detection, diagnosis, and treatment of GC.

Hui Li,1,&ast; Hailin Zhang,1,&ast; Juan Xiong,2,&ast; Yi Wang,1 Weiyu Wang,1 Jingjing Wang,1 Yi Lin,1 Peize Zhang1 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yi Lin; Peize ZhangDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine & Tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, No. 29, Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-0755-6122 2333Fax +86 0755 6123 8928Email 514195263@qq.com; 82880246@qq.comPurpose: The aim of this study is to identify factors affecting medical follow-up adherence of pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients on an all-oral regimen in Shenzhen, China to enhance intervention measures for increased treatment success.Methods: A cohort study was conducted in The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen on MDR-TB patients switched to an all-oral regimen to evaluate effectiveness following the WHO’s recommendation in late 2018. We recruited patients in the group for an opinion survey on medical follow-up adherence from May 2019 to June 2020. The survey was designed with socio-demographic questions in collecting baseline characteristics and importance and Likert closed-ended questions for measuring opinions and relevance of different factors to adherence. Linear regression model was used to analyze data collected.Results: The findings revealed that gender difference (P = 0.828) had no correlation with adherence. Marital status (P = 0.014), financial situation (P < 0.001) and difficulties encountered with medical appointment booking procedures (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with medical follow-up adherence. Single (including widowed and divorced) patients, those with low household income and patients having difficulties making online medical appointment booking, were at higher risk of defaulting from routine MDR-TB medical follow-up.Conclusion: Our survey revealed that financial burden, being single and a non-user friendly medical appointment booking system are the main barriers to patients’ medical follow-up compliance. More financial assistance, better patient support and simplifying medical appointment booking procedures are facilitators of better treatment adherence.Keywords: MDR-TB, patient care, treatment adherence, all-oral regimen, patient support

Studies suggest that, pursuant to the implementation of SFAS 133, even sophisticated users of financial statements find it difficult to comprehend earnings implications of hedging derivatives. Moreover, due to stringent hedge accounting requirements under these standards, many economic hedges do not qualify for hedge accounting and are deemed “ineffective” for financial reporting purposes. Motivated by these considerations, we investigate the impact of hedging on earnings predictability by analyzing hand-collected hedging data from two industries that extensively use derivatives to manage price risks: the oil-and-gas exploration and production industry and the airline industry. In contrast to extant evidence, we find that overall hedging derivatives improve income predictability and increase (decrease) analysts’ forecast accuracy (dispersion). We also show hedges deemed ineffective for hedge accounting can increase earnings volatility and significantly impair earnings predictability. This finding lends support to concerns expressed by some corporate managers and industry experts against stringent hedge accounting requirements.

AIM: To compare the results of visual acuity (VA) measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart, 5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity (5SL) chart, and 2.5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity (2.5SL) chart in outpatients of age 12-80y. METHODS: Each patient (totally 2000 outpatients) had both eyes tested with ETDRS chart at 4 m, 5SL chart at 5 m, and 2.5SL chart at 2.5 m in random order. The VA values of outpatients were categorized by ages. VA values were expressed by logMAR recording method. RESULTS: The mean VA results of ETDRS charts, 5SL, and 2.5SL chart were 0.52±0.28, 0.50±0.30, and 0.46±0.28 logMAR, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the three eye charts in the whole group (P

The effects of the combination of bis (α‐furancarboxylato) oxovanadium (IV) (BFOV) and metformin (Met) on hepatic steatosis were investigated in high‐fat diet‐induced obese C57BL/6J mice (HFC57 mice) for 6 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed to evaluate glucose metabolism. Moreover, blood and hepatic biochemical and histological indices were detected. Besides, Affymetrix‐GeneChip analysis and Western blot of the liver were performed. Comparing to the monotherapy group, BFOV + Met showed more effective improvement in glucose metabolism, which decreased the fasting blood glucose, insulin levels and improved insulin sensitivity in HFC57 mice. BFOV + Met significantly decreased serum ALT and AST activities and reduced hepatic triglyceride content and iNOS activities, accompanied by ameliorating intrahepatic fat accumulation and hepatocellular vacuolation. Enhanced hepatic insulin signalling transduction and attenuated inflammation pathway were identified as the major pathways in the BFOV + Met group. BFOV + Met significantly down‐regulated the protein expression levels of MMPs, NF‐κB, iNOS and up‐regulated phosphorylation of AKT and AMPK levels. We concluded that a combination of BFOV and metformin ameliorates hepatic steatosis in HFC57 mice via alleviating hepatic inflammation and enhancing insulin signalling pathway, suggesting that the combination of BFOV and metformin is a potential treatment for hepatic steatosis.

Aim To investigate whether inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by donepezil ameliorate aberrant retinal neovascularization (RNV) and abnormal glial activation in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods A mouse model of RNV was induced in postnatal day 7 (P7) mice by exposure to 75% oxygen. Donepezil was administrated to P12 mice by intraperitoneal injection. Expression and localization of AChE in mouse retinas were determined by immunofluorescence. RNV was evaluated by paraffin sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Activation of retinal Muller glial cells were examined by immunoblot of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). rMC-1, a retinal Muller cell line, was used for in vitro study. Expression of hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined by Western-blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunostaining. Results Aberrant RNV and glial activation was observed after OIR. Of note, retinal AChE was mainly expressed by retinal Muller glial cells and markedly increased in OIR mice. Systemic administration of donepezil significantly reduced RNV and abnormal glial activation in mice with OIR. Moreover, ischemia-induced HIF-1α accumulation and VEGF upregulation in OIR mouse retinas and cultured rMC-1 were significantly inhibited by donepezil intervention. Conclusion AchE is implicated in RNV with OIR. Inhibition of AChE by donepeizl is likely to be a potential therapeutic approach for retinal neovascular diseases.

Extant theories suggest that managers may use hedging either to alleviate underinvestment problems caused by costly external financing or to promote overinvestment by circumventing the scrutiny of external capital markets. We empirically investigate this issue using a hand-collected data set of hedging and investment behavior of oil and gas exploration and production firms. We do not find evidence that hedging alleviates underinvestment problems. However, we do find a strong positive relation between the extent of hedging and the propensity to overinvest. Further analyses indicate that the relation between hedging and overinvesting is stronger in settings where the firms’ information environment is more transparent. A more transparent information environment makes it easier for outside capital providers to distinguish between value-enhancing and value-destroying investment decisions so that greater discretion over internally generated funds becomes more valuable to overinvesting managers. Our study highlights the role of hedging in facilitating overinvestment and the conditions under which this role is likely to be more salient.

Background Admission electrocardiographic (ECG) findings of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) include transient ST-segment elevation (TSTE), ST-segment depression (STD), T-wave inversion (TWI), and no ischemic changes (NIC). Hypothesis This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of qualitative ECG findings at presentation and to clarify the influence of invasive treatment on the prognostic value of admission ECG findings. Methods We analyzed the Acute Coronary Syndrome Quality Improvement in Kerala (ACS QUIK) study post hoc. NSTEMI patients were included and classified into four groups per ECG findings. Study endpoints were in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates and major adverse events (MAE). We performed multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for covariates in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk model, with subset analyses of patients treated with or without invasive management. Results STD patients had significantly higher in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates/MAE than TWI patients, which had lower in-hospital mortality rate/MAE than the NIC group. TSTE patients had intermediate outcomes. In multivariate logistic regression using the TWI group as the reference, STD and NIC remained independently associated with worse outcomes. Subset analysis showed prognostic value of admission ECG in non-invasively managed but not in invasively managed patients. Conclusions STD was associated with adverse outcomes, TWI with benign prognoses. NIC should not be taken to indicate low risk. Qualitative analysis of admission ECG is suitable for rapid risk stratification of NSTMI patients at presentation. However, it may not be predictive of short-term outcomes of NSTEMI patients after invasive management.

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease leading to periodontal tissue breakdown and subsequent tooth loss, in which excessive host immune response accounts for most of the tissue damage and disease progression. Despite of the imperative need to develop host modulation therapy, the inflammatory responses and cell population dynamics which are finely tuned by the pathological microenvironment in periodontitis remained unclear. To investigate the local microenvironment of the inflammatory response in periodontitis, 10 periodontitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers were involved in this study. Single-cell transcriptomic profilings of gingival tissues from two patients and two healthy donors were performed. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analysis were performed to further validate the identified cell subtypes and their involvement in periodontitis. Based on our single-cell resolution analysis, we identified HLA-DR-expressing endothelial cells and CXCL13+ fibroblasts which are highly associated with immune regulation. We also revealed the involvement of the proinflammatory NLRP3+ macrophages in periodontitis. We further showed the increased cell-cell communication between macrophage and T/B cells in the inflammatory periodontal tissues. Our data generated an intriguing catalog of cell types and interaction networks in the human gingiva and identified new inflammation-promoting cell subtypes involved in chronic periodontitis, which will be helpful in advancing host modulation therapy.

This research examines the linkage between entrepreneurial orientation and sustainable innovation. Research shows that the effects of entrepreneurial orientation on the exploitation and exploration of sustainable innovation are significantly positive, whereby absorptive capacity acts in a significant mediating role. The interaction between entrepreneurial orientation and absorptive capacity helps organizations overcome organizational inertia and strengthen the sustainability of innovation. By introducing the absorptive capacity theory and the view of organizational inertia, we have conducted empirical research on 392 Chinese environmentally friendly companies that have passed China’s national high-tech enterprise certification. We verified the relevant hypotheses in our framework in a structural model analysis using Mplus. To further look at the interaction terms of potential and realized absorptive capacity, we used PROCESS in SPSS to evaluate the conditional effects of absorptive capacity on coefficient paths between entrepreneurial orientation and the two types of innovation. The results show that entrepreneurial orientation improves the absorptive capacity of organizations, thereby promoting their sustainable innovation. Furthermore, based on the theory of sustainable innovation, we proved the positive impact of realized and potential absorptive capacity on the exploitation and exploration of sustainable innovation. Organizations could balance exploitation and exploration to implement sustainable innovation by adjusting their potential and realized absorptive capacities. Our results can help environmentally friendly organizations adjust the combination of entrepreneurial orientation and absorptive capacity to overcome organizational inertia, manage exploitation and exploration, and implement sustainable innovation.

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has always been a regrettable issue for families. After sleeping in the supine position was proposed, the incidence of SIDS declined dramatically worldwide. However, SIDS still accounts for the top 10 causes of infant deaths in Taiwan. Recognizing the risk factors and attempting to minimize these cases are imperative. We obtained information on cases with SIDS from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan and interconnected it with the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database to acquire infant–maternal basal characteristics between 2004 and 2017. The SIDS subjects were matched 1:10 considering gestational age to normal infants. After case selection, a total of 953 SIDS cases were included. Compared with healthy infants, SIDS infants had younger parents, lower birth weight, and lower Apgar scores. After adjusting for potential confounders, infants with mothers aged &lt, 20 years had 2.81 times higher risk of SIDS. Moreover, infants in the non-eastern region had a significantly lower risk of SIDS than those in the eastern region. We concluded that infants of young mothers (especially maternal age &lt, 20 years) and infants in the eastern region of Taiwan had a higher risk of SIDS than their counterparts.

Supplier selection (SC) continues to be a crucial component in manufacturing procurement. Using the PLCC advantages generates revenue and lowers costs more than might be anticipated. Supplier selection (SC) product life cycle cost (SCPLCC) is an important consideration among corporations, SCPLCC problem has become associated with deciding how one supplier should be selected from possible alternatives. Past literature on this topic is limited. We try to close this gap in knowledge. In this study, we attempt to apply two types of goal programming, multiobjective linear programming and revised multichoice goal programming to develop a PLCC-based concept to solve the SCPLCC problem and construct a decision-making tool for application to a case of supply chain management in a Taiwanese light-emitting diode company in the high-tech industry. Our study main contribution Company managers can easily use the two approaches of the SCPLCC model with different parameters to solve SCPLCC model problems. Finally, we are comparing five models found RMCGP with weighted linear goal programming had an adequate effect for application to the PLCC concept for high-technology Company; this cloud makes company decision–makers focus on low PLCC and select a better supplier in sustainable supply chains development.

We propose a non-contact method for determining phosphor/silicone temperature (phosphor temperature) in phosphor-coated light-emitting diode (pc-LED). The pc-LED with a surface mounted device (SMD) structure is primarily consisted of InGaN/GaN blue LED chip, (Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu2+ red rare-earth phosphor, and transparent dimethyl silicone. This proposed method is basically based on a linear temperature dependence of divisional normalized emission power for phosphor/silicone mixture. Four types of pc-LED corresponding to four different phosphor concentrations are examined by proposed method. A comparison of measured results between micro-thermocouple device and proposed method has also been carried out, showing a fairly good agreement between them, except for pc-LED with 4.8 wt% phosphor concentration. We suggest that this proposed method can provide a useful tool for further study of optical and thermal characteristics in pc-LED.

In 1965, Gordon E. Moore, the co-founder of Intel stated that numbers of transistors on a chip will double every 18 months and his theory called the Moore's Law. The law had been the guiding principle of chip design over 50 years. The technology dimension is scaling very aggressively in IC foundry. For example, TSMC announced their 5nm Fin Field-Effect Transistor (FinFET) process technology is optimized for both mobile and high performance computing applications. It is scheduled to start risk production in the second half of 2019.[1] To overview the semiconductor supply chain included IC foundry, wafer bumping, IC carrier, PCB (Printed circuit board) and OSAT (oversea assembly and testing)… etc., the IC carrier and PCB technology dimension scaling are far behind than the IC foundry since many reasons for the traditional industry. The industry needs different kinds of breakthrough approaches for the scaling of via and strip line in next generation interconnection. Traditional organic substrates faces many challenges of warpage, surface roughness and material dimension stability issues for manufacturing and high density I/Os with very fine line interconnections. To breakthrough these challenges, the materials of glass carrier, new photo-imagable dielectric (PID) and advanced equipment were evaluated for the fine line and fine via interconnection. In the papers, there are many PID and non-PID materials were surveyed and compared for fine via (< 10μm) interconnection or low loss of high frequency application. The first candidate was chosen for redistribution layers (RDL) fabrication by using 370mm × 470mm glass panels. Semi additive process (SAP) was used for direct metallization on glass panel with different build-up dielectric materials to form daisy chain test vehicles. The process, fabrication integration and electrical measurement results of daisy chain showed good continuity and electric resistance in the glass panel substrate. The reliability of the thermal cycling test (TCT) and highly accelerated stress test (HAST) were evaluated as well in this study.

Purpose Vitamin C (VC) is a kind of essential nutrient in the body regarded as a canonical antioxidant during the past hundred years. However, the anti-cancer effect of VC is controversial. Our study is trying to clarify the relationship between VC dosage and breast cancer metastasis. Methods Human breast cancer cell lines Bcap37 and MDA-MB-453 were treated with VC at three different concentrations (low-dose, 0.01 mM; medium-dose, 0.1 mM; high-dose, 2 mM). Wound healing assays were conducted for migration assay; transwell tests were performed to detect the ability of cell invasion. The protein levels were evaluated by Western blot analysis or immunohistochemistry. Tumor xenografts in nude mice were built to test the effects of VC on breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Results 0.01 and 0.1 mM VC promoted cell migration and invasion when compared with the control group, but 2 mM VC significantly suppressed cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cell lines. High-dose VC increased E-cadherin and reduced Vimentin, indicating that high-dose VC suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells. Besides, high-dose VC inhibited cell invasion promoted by TGF-β1 in breast cancer cells. Meanwhile, high-dose VC reversed the suppression of E-cadherin and enhancement of Vimentin induced by TGF-β1 in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, high-dose VC significantly inhibited breast cancer metastasis in vivo. Conclusion High-dose VC inhibits cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cell lines through suppressing EMT. Thus, it may be considered as an anticancer drug candidate for breast cancer patients.

Purpose The improvement of postoperative pain control plays an important role in recovery outcomes and patient satisfaction. Multilamellar vesicles ropivacaine, MVR, is being developed to sustain the release of ropivacaine in situ while maintaining the local concentration of ropivacaine within the therapeutic window. Methods These studies summarized the processes of MVR formulation development and the evaluation of its releasing profile in vitro and the pharmacokinetics and anesthetic effect in vivo. Results The MVR demonstrates a sustained-release profile in an in vitro serum environment model after 24 hrs of incubation which translates in the in vivo rat pharmacokinetic profile of ropivacaine as a prolonged half-life that is 10-fold longer in duration than plain ropivacaine solution. The anesthetic effect of single-dose MVR is apparent by providing a prolonged analgesia effect compared to plain ropivacaine solution in an in vivo guinea pig pin-prick wheal model after a single intracutaneous injection. From a safety evaluation, MVR is well tolerated after a subcutaneously injection at a dose level of 20 mg/kg in rats, with no observable changes in clinical observation, body weight, organ weight, hematology and serum chemistry analysis. Conclusion These results suggest that single administration of MVR is a promising candidate in postoperative pain management.

Background:. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is sensitive to radiotherapy (RT). However, neurocognitive complications such as memory loss and learning and attention deficits emerge in the survivors of NPC who received RT. It remains unclear how radiation affects patient brain function. This pilot study aimed at finding cerebral functional alterations in NPC patients who have received RT. Methods:. From September 2014 to December 2016, 42 individuals, including 22 NPC patients and 20 normal volunteer controls in National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, were recruited in this study. All patients received resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and neurocognitive tests 1 day before the initiation of RT (baseline) and 1 day after the completion of RT; the 20 normal controls were also subjected to the same scans and tests. The amplitude of the low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in blood oxygen level-dependent signals and functional connectivity (FC) were used to characterize cerebral functional changes. Independent t test, paired t test, and analysis of variances were used to obtain statistical significance across groups. Results:. After RT, NPC patients showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the calcarine sulcus, lingual gyrus, cuneus, and superior occipital gyrus and showed significantly reduced FC mainly in the default mode network (P

We present a self-discretization and zero-water-loss microfluidic digital PCR (dPCR) device to enable low-cost and robust quantitative nucleic acid assays. In this device, a thin void is integrated beneath the reaction chamber array. By utilizing the permeability of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film, the integrated void serves a dual function: vacuum "accumulator" and hydration "reservoir". The combination of pre-stored pumping energy and water compensation for evaporation loss enables simple, robust and reliable single-DNA-molecule amplification and detection in 10,000 reactors of picoliter volume. Compared to the conventional degassing PDMS pumps, the vacuum accumulator exhibits superior performance due to more vacuum storage and shorter diffusion distance. We also evaluated the performance of the embedded hydration layer in suppressing evaporation loss at elevated temperatures, and verified that zero-water-loss could be achieved for all reaction chambers in our dPCR chip during thermal cycling. By performing quantitative detection of T790M DNA from 10 to 104 copies/μL, the proposed dPCR chip demonstrated high accuracy and excellent performance for the absolute quantification of the target gene with a dynamic range of 104. The simplicity and robustness of our dPCR chip make it well suited for low-cost molecular diagnostic assays under resource-limited settings.

In an increasingly dynamic and complex competitive environment, leaders are likely to face contradictory demands and ambidextrous innovation. From the perspectives of absorptive capacity and organizational inertia, we examined the relationship between paradoxical leadership and ambidextrous innovation, and the moderating role of knowledge sharing in this relationship. Participants were 306 senior or intermediate executives with innovative experience from high-technology companies in China. Results of our empirical analysis showed that paradoxical leadership was positively related to both exploratory and exploitative innovation. Knowledge sharing positively moderated both these relationships, such that, when knowledge sharing was high, stronger paradoxical leadership was correlated with more ambidextrous innovation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

We propose a transmission-type measurement system for determining temperature-dependent optical characteristics (TDOCs) for phosphors or remote phosphor plateswhich are applied in high-powerwhite light-emitting diodes, related to their stabilities and reliabilities. The proposed measurement system possesses remote-excitation characteristics and is able to separately control the temperature of tested phosphors or remote phosphor plates and that of excitation light sources (with the emission wavelength of 360–470 nm), to avoid the heat interference between them. This system is finally examined by fabricating two types of remote phosphor plates, i.e., yellow Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ and red CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ remote phosphor plates. A comparison between the proposed transmission-type system and the reflection-type system at various temperatures is also carried out. Results show that both the phosphor quantum efficiency and phosphor conversion efficiency of remote phosphor plates under various temperatures are possibly overestimated by the traditional reflection-type system. Employing the proposed method and carrying out experiments, we discover that the fraction of silicone in the silicone–phosphor mixture affects TDOCs of remote phosphor plates remarkably. Finally, via both the proposed system and the microhyperspectral imaging technology, thermal-quenching effects in the microcosmic level have also been investigated.

In this paper, we carry out the theoretical spectral optimization and perform experiments by varying temperature and electrical current primarily on one-phosphor-coated three-hump white light-emitting diode (LED) for healthy indoor or outdoor lighting by using the genetic algorithm (GA). White light with low circadian action factor (CAF) is propitious for bedroom lighting to help people relax and to promote sleep, whereas high CAF white light is beneficial for increasing working efficiency in the working place. We obtain low CAF or high CAF according to different application occasions (such as bedroom lighting or office lighting), good Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage color rendering index ( $R_{a}$ ) or Illumination Engineering Society of North America color fidelity index ( $R_{f}$ ), and color gamut index ( $R_{g}$ ) or other color performances, and possibly high luminous efficacy of radiation (LER, $K$ ) at various correlated color temperatures (CCTs) from 2700 to 6500 K. For instance, in the case of one-phosphor-coated three-hump white LEDs at CCT = 3000 K, the low CAF as 0.264 ( $R_{a}$ = 80, $R_{f}$ = 77, $R_{g}$ = 103, and $K$ = 350.0 lm/W) can be achieved, whereas that of standard light at the same CCT is 0.407. In addition, we also compare four types of three-hump white LEDs in performances of circadian action, luminous efficacy of radiation (LER), and color rendering. This paper can help both industry and academia understand the application of three-hump white LEDs in the healthy indoor or outdoor lighting.

The purpose of this study is to explore the relative influence of multidimensional proximity to explain the innovation performance of university–industry collaboration(UIC) by investigating UIC innovation activities from eight regions in China. Specifically, we focus on the influence of geographical, cognitive, and social network proximity on the innovation performance of enterprises and examine whether knowledge embeddedness affect these relationships. The findings show that both cognitive and social network proximity have a significant positive effect on cooperative innovation performance, whereas geographical proximity does not affect innovation. In addition, proximity drawing on knowledge embeddedness encourages efficient knowledge flow and improves innovation performance. The results clarify the relationships among multidimensional proximity and knowledge embeddedness and provide theoretical guidance for innovation by real-world university–industry collaborations.

Supplier selection (SC) product life cycle cost (SCPLCC) is an important consideration among corporations, SCPLCC problem has become associated with deciding how one supplier should be selected from possible alternatives. In this study, we applied two types of goal programming, multiobjective linear programming and revised multichoice goal programming to develop a PLCC-based concept to solve the SCPLCC problem and construct a decision-making tool for application to a case of supply chain management in a Taiwanese light-emitting diode company in the high-tech industry. Our study main contribution Company managers can easily use the two approaches of the SCPLCC model with different parameters to solve SCPLCC model problems. Finally, we comparing five models found RMCGP with weighted linear goal programming had an adequate effect for application to the PLCC concept for high-technology company; this cloud makes company decision–makers focus on low PLCC and select a better supplier in sustainable supply chains goal.

We showed the preliminary results of traditional frequency modulated heterodyne spectroscopy and the phase modulated heterodyne spectroscopy in the J=21 to 22, 22 to 23 and 23 to 24 transitions (267.5GHz to 291.8GHz) of 16O12C32S in the ground vibrational state.

In this work, we report a prototype of micro mercury trapped ion atomic clock. All the clock components have been packaged and demonstrated in a magnetic shield box of 4 liters. The prototype clock shows promising performance with a short-term fractional frequency instability below 10−11 τ−12 and can reach the 10−14-instability level after a day of averaging. The prototype clock is capable of reaching the10−15 -fractional frequency instability range. Our demonstration of the integrated clock prototype paves the way for further SWaP reduction and maturation.

The high cost of operation and maintenance (O&M) management has become an important factor hindering the sustainable development of the wind power industry. Performing accurate condition assessment of wind turbine components to optimize the structural design and O&M strategy has become a research trend. However, the random and varying operating conditions of wind turbines make this problem difficult and challenging. A Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system collects signals that contain a large amount of raw and useful information from critical wind turbine sub-assemblies. Extracting key information from the SCADA data is an economical and effective way for condition assessment. A real-time reliability assessment method of wind turbine components using a Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and SCADA data is presented in this paper. The normal behavior models are established with the processed SCADA data, and the real-time reliability of wind turbine components are assessed based on the prediction result. For verification, the BPNN-based reliability assessment method is applied to a gearbox with real SCADA data of a 1.5MW onshore wind turbine located along the southeast coast of China. The results show the capability of the proposed model in assessing the reliability of wind turbine components continuously and in real time.

The train height valve can adjust the charging and deflating of the air spring according to the trainload. The normal operation of the height valve ensures the smooth operation of the train and prevents the track from being damaged due to wheel impact. Therefore, the maintenance of the height valve is very important. Traditional manual maintenance consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, at the same time, efficiency and accuracy are difficult to be guaranteed. In this paper, a fault detection algorithm based on Nanodet-Resnet101 is proposed. Through experiment, the network has a 97 percent accuracy rate in simultaneously detecting an image in 0.1 seconds. The experimental results show that the height valve fault detection network combined with NanoDet and Resnet101 has engineering significance

Background and purpose: In the era of IMRT for locally advanced supraglottic cancer (LA-SGC), the delineation of lymph node clinical target volumes (LN-CTV) remains controversial. We aim to survey the diversity of LN-CTV for LA-SGC patients undergoing radical radiotherapy in mainland China and to provide a basis for improving delineation consistency.Methods: Radiation oncologists from one provincial cancer hospital, one randomly chosen provincial general hospital and one randomly chosen municipal general hospital from each of the 30 provinces of mainland China participated. The study included four representative cases (T2N1, T3N2b, T4N0, T4N2c) of LA-SGC chosen from the following four different groups: non-T4, low nodal burden (T2-3N0-1); non-T4, high nodal burden (T2-3N2-3); T4, low nodal burden (T4N0-1); and T4, high nodal burden (T4N2-3). Respondents were asked which lymph node levels should be included in high-risk (HR) or low-risk (LR) CTV for nodal prophylactic irradiation. The impact of risk factors was also assessed.Results: Altogether, 164 chief or attending physicians completed valid questionnaires from all 82 hospitals in China. The criteria that HR-CTV included the node levels with positive lymph nodes and the next lower adjacent level (83.8%–90% agreement) were followed by most physicians (n=160, 97.6%). In the N0-1 stage (cases 1 and 3), ipsilateral levels II and III selected as HR-CTV and level IV as LR-CTV reached good agreement. Whether contralateral levels II and III should be included in HR- or LR-CTV remained controversial; more respondents were inclined to choose them as HR-CTV in case 3 (61.3%). Some respondents supported including contralateral level IVa in LR-CTV (61.9%-68.1%). In the N2 stage (cases 2 and 4), bilateral levels II–IVb other than HR-CTV regions were all included in LR-CTV was indicated in most respondents (75%–92.5%). Levels Ib and V were more likely included in CTV when there were multiple positive lymph nodes in the ipsilateral neck, and more respondents selected level V as HR-CTV in case 4. Nearly half of respondents selected ipsilateral level VIb as CTV when the subglottic region was involved (50.6%, 46.2% and 56.2% in cases 2 to 4, respectively). Tumours crossing the midline (141, 86%), extracapsular spread (132, 80.5%), T stage (142, 86.5%) and N stage (154, 93.9%) as risk factors influencing nodal level selection were shown to have good agreement (≥80%).Conclusion: Most physicians selected involved nodal levels and lower adjacent levels as HR-CTVs in mainland China. Whether bilateral levels II–IV are included in CTV reached relative consensus but poor agreement for HR- or LR-CTV. The selection conditions of levels Ib, Va/b and VIb as CTVs require further research.

Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by CSF virus (CSFV), is a highly contagious swine disease with high morbidity and mortality, which has caused significant economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Biosecurity measures and vaccination are the main methods for prevention and control of CSF since no specific drug is available for the effective treatment of CSF. Although a series of biosecurity and vaccination strategies have been developed to curb the outbreak events, it is still difficult to eliminate CSF in CSF-endemic and re-emerging areas. Thus, in addition to implementing enhanced biosecurity measures and exploring more effective CSF vaccines, other strategies are also needed for effectively controlling CSF. Currently, more and more research about anti-CSFV strategies was carried out by scientists, because of the great prospects and value of anti-CSFV strategies in the prevention and control of CSF. Additionally, studies on anti-CSFV strategies could be used as a reference for other viruses in the Flaviviridae family, such as hepatitis C virus, dengue virus, and Zika virus. In this review, we aim to summarize the research on anti-CSFV strategies. In detail, host proteins affecting CSFV replication, drug candidates with anti-CSFV effects, and RNA interference (RNAi) targeting CSFV viral genes were mentioned and the possible mechanisms related to anti-CSFV effects were also summarized.

Xi Yang,1,* Yi Lin,2,* Guo-dong Xu,3 Yan-shu Chen,4 Ye Zhou,4 Jing Sun,5 Li Li4 1Department of Nutrition, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Center for Health Economics, School of Economics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nottingham, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Records Statistics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 5Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Li LiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China Tel +86 137 5742 6626Email lilyningbo@163.comObjective: To examine the optimal cut-off values of visceral fat area (VFA) for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients in Ningbo China.Methods: A total of 1017 subjects were selected from T2D patients who accepted standardized management by the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center at Ningbo First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020. Demography and medical information were collected through questionnaires. Regional adiposity was examined by a visceral fat analyzer using the dual bioelectrical impedance method.Results: Overall, 769 (75.6%) T2D patients were defined to have MetS. Patients with MetS had higher anthropometric values and biomarkers, compared to those without MetS. VFA was significantly correlated with risk factors of MetS. Further logistic regression models showed that VFA was significantly associated with MetS in men (OR=1.02) and in women (OR=1.03) (P< 0.001 for both genders) after controlling for related factors. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the optimal cut-off values of VFA were 84.7 cm2 for men and 81.1 cm2 for women to predict MetS in T2D patients.Conclusion: VFA was associated with MetS and could be an independent predictor of MetS in T2D patients.Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, number: NCT03811470.Keywords: abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, visceral fat area, type 2 diabetes

BackgroundThe hemophilic arthropathy was caused by repeated joint bleeding, which resulted in joint synovium hyperplasia, cartilage damage and bone deformity. Extracorporeal shockwave treatment (ESWT) is a non-invasive treatment with high safety and has been widely used in the treatment of various musculoskeletal conditions. This study was aimed to evaluate the safety of ESWT in hemophilic arthropathy of the knee.MethodsThis is a prospective single blind randomized control study conducted between 2019/08/01 and 2020/07/31. Hemophilia and Von Willebrand disease patients were enrolled and randomized for extracorporeal shock wave therapy to the left or right knee joint and energy-free sham therapy to the other knee joint at the 1st and 2nd month after prophylactic coagulation factor administration. As safety evaluation, hemophilia joint health score (HJHS), knee score scale (KSS), visual analog scale (VAS) and ultrasound (HEAD-US) were checked at the beginning, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th month. Knee MRI was examined at the beginning and 6th month.ResultsHJHS score of the knee receiving real ESWT did not elevate in 9 patients (75%). KSS demonstrated neither significant improvement nor deterioration after ESWT. VAS declined after two sessions of ESWT. Ultrasound and MRI showed no breakthrough joint bleeding nor progression of previously existed effusion and hemarthrosis.ConclusionESWT might be a safe treatment for hemophilic arthropathy once prophylactic coagulation factors are adequately administrated before ESWT. Further well-controlled study enrolling more hemophilia patients might be needed for the effectiveness of ESWT on these patients.

PURPOSE The aim of this joint guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and other healthcare providers on definitive-intent chemoradiotherapy for patients with stage II-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) and ASCO convened an expert panel of radiation oncology, medical oncology, surgery, and advocacy representatives. The literature search included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published from 1990 through 2020. Outcomes of interest included survival, distant and locoregional disease control, and quality of life. Expert panel members used this evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS The literature search identified 108 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline. Five overarching clinical questions were addressed, which included subquestions on radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy sequence, and concurrent, induction, and adjuvant chemotherapy options. RECOMMENDATIONS Evidence-based recommendations were developed to address aspects of care related to chemotherapy in combination with RT for the definitive-intent treatment of stage II to IVA NPC. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines .

We proposed a context segmentation method for medical images via two deep networks, aiming at providing segmentation contexts and achieving better segmentation quality. The context in this work means the object labels for segmentation. The key idea of our proposed scheme is to develop mechanisms to elegantly transform object detection labels into the segmentation network structure, so that two deep networks can collaboratively operate with loosely-coupled manner. For achieving this, the scalable data transformation mechanisms between two deep networks need to be invented, including representation of contexts obtained from the first deep network and context importion to the second one. The experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme indeed performs superior segmentation quality.

Recently, program trading has become the mainstream of financial information technology. The current FinTech applications mainly encounter three technical issues, including scalability, long-time retrieval, and security. Many small-and-medium companies seek economical solutions, while the three above properties are still met. In this paper, we propose Send-and-Subscribe (SaS) framework, aiming at providing a secure and robust financial stock data retrieval repository. In our survey to the related industries, the proposed novel framework is the first work on addressing the above three issues for financial computing areas. Finally, we conduct a set of experiments to validate the proposed framework on the real-world Taiwan stock data. The test results show the proposed framework indeed satisfies the security, scalability, and long-query requirements, comparing to existing solutions.