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Public transport accessibility depends not only on the places and opportunities that can be reached by transit, but also on accessibility to public transport. The characteristics of access and egress modes influence accessibility patterns but also ridership levels of public transport modes. In particular, public transport companies and city planners in Northern Europe have increasingly recognized the key role that bicycling plays as a feeder and distributor service for public transport (Pucher and Buehler 2008). However, the literature is still limited on how characteristics of access and egress modes influence the choice of the main mode of travel. In this chapter, we examine the key factors that influence access and egress mode choice and their influence on train use in the wider metropolitan area of The Hague–Rotterdam, in the Netherlands. In this chapter, we estimate mode choice models based on a joint estimation of revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) data to overcome the constraints of each of these two types of data sets (Bradley and Daly 1997). Most of the studies in the literature on feeder modes are based on RP data.

Toll roads can be implemented to influence users’ travel behaviour and reduce congestion. In Indonesia, a toll is commonly implemented on major highways as a way to fund the construction. Regardless of their objective, toll roads can have a variety of effects. This thesis provides empirical evidence that a toll road can have direct and indirect effects and that these effects are distributed unevenly across geographic regions and individuals.