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Innovation steps in complex products often go hand in hand with the selection of suppliers. The suppliers are involved in the development of innovative elements of products, supplementing the capabilities of companies. Strategic relationships are established with these suppliers, where the companies need them to be flexible and willing to adapt to changing demands. Flexibility is usually evaluated against a variety of indicators. However, a high score on flexibility does not guarantee cooperative suppliers. Companies also require power to get a supplier to be flexible. They need suppliers who are malleable to their changing needs that are an inevitable part of design processes. The empirical study at a leading European engine company reported in this paper shows that the relative power between companies and suppliers influences the responsiveness of suppliers to requests. This paper analyses malleability as a combination of flexibility and relative power. It unpacks power and flexibility into sets of measurable indicators and proposes a tool which assesses both the relative power between buyer and supplier and the supplier’s flexibility, to provide a malleability index, which indicates to what extent a supplier is suitable to work with.

Radiotherapy plays a major role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. The curative efficacy of advanced NSCLC is unsatisfactory because of its radioresistance to conventional radiotherapy. The biomarkers which can be used to diagnose radiosensitivity or predict for prognosis are beneficial in promoting curative effects. In this study, NSCLC cell lines with acquired radioresistance to X-rays were obtained through fractionated irradiation. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the self-established radioresistant NSCLC cell line A549-R11 and control (A549-CK) were measured by proteomic analysis. Among the detected DEPs, CRIP2, ARHGDIB, and PADI3 were validated to be up-regulated in radioresistant cells, in mRNA and protein levels. Further analysis of bioinformatics deciphered that CRIP2, as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and a key biomarker for prediction of prognosis, may impact the X-ray radiosensitivity of NSCLC by regulating the occurrence of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; as such, it may serve as a potent therapeutic target to facilitate NSCLC radiotherapy. CRIP2 and other DEPs may shed new light on the recognition of complex factors associated with radiation-responsiveness and finally be beneficial in the advancement of personalized therapies and precision medical treatment.

The loss function is a criterion to evaluate the learning quality of a deep convolutional neural network, which represents the gap between prediction and ground truth. However, as the most commonly used loss function in image classification tasks, Cross‐Entropy loss does not encourage the model to distinguish the similarity between features. In this work, the authors investigate inter‐class separability of similar features learnt by convolutional networks and propose a loss function called Error Refactor Loss (ER‐Loss). ER‐Loss is based on the error caused by convolutional networks; it can improve the inter‐class separability and is simple to implement and can easily replace the Cross‐Entropy loss. Compared with softmax loss, ER‐Loss adds a dynamic penalty item which can help ER‐Loss monitor the actual situation of model training and adjust the value of the penalty item according to model training. The ER‐Loss on CIFAR100 and part of ImageNet ILSVRC 2012 is evaluated and the experimental result showed that the ER‐Loss can improve the accuracy of the model.

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the P-wave changes in intracavitary electrocardiography (IC-ECG) during catheterization with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in order to provide guidance for the accurate localization of the tip of the PICC. METHODS: A total of 106 newborns who needed a PICC were randomly divided into two groups—a study group and a control group—using a random number table, with 53 cases in each group. In the study group, the ECG monitor was connected after the successful puncture and insertion of the PICC into the right sternoclavicular joint, and the position of the catheter tip was determined according to the P-wave changes on the IC-ECG. Localization X-rays were taken at the same time. In the control group, after the successful routine puncture and insertion of the PICC into the location to a predetermined length, localization X-rays were taken. The accuracy, procedure duration, and cost of the two localization methods were evaluated. RESULTS: The accuracy of the localization in the study group was 92.5%, but the difference was not significant when compared with the control group (P>0.05). The duration of the procedure in the study group was 5.12±1.57 minutes, and the cost was 7.12±0.56 yuan, both of which were significantly different when compared with the control group (P

In this paper, the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) combined with chemometric methods, is used to explore the rapid and undamaged detection of kudzu powder’s adulteration. The spectral data in the range of 0.1–7 THz is collected. The absorption coefficient of the 0.5–3.0 THz band is selected for analysis. The chemometric methods are adopted to build the analytical model of the spectrum’s absorption coefficient. In qualitative modelling, the partial least squares decision analysis (PLS-DA) analyses the absorption coefficient data. The result shows that the misjudgment rate is 57.6%. The least squares support vector machines decision analysis (LS-SVM-DA) basing on Linear (LIN), and radial basis function (RBF) as the kernel function is used to analyze the data, the results show that the misjudgment rate is all 13.3%. Finally, the successive projections algorithm (SPA) and the elimination of uninformative variables (UVE) are used to select the spectrum's absorption coefficient to optimize the model, the misjudgment rates of PLS-DA model basing on SPA and UVE are 33.3% and 23.3%, respectively. The LIN of LS-SVM-DA and the RBF of LS-SVM-DA basing on SPA are all 43.3%, the misjudgment rates of the LIN of LS-SVM-DA and the RBF of LS-SVM-DA basing on UVE are13.3% and 6.7%, respectively. The comparison found that the RBF of LS-SVM-DA basing on the UVE prediction model for the adulteration of kudzu powder is more accurate than the others. It can come true the judgment of adulteration of kudzu powder well. Studies have shown that THz-TDS combined with chemometric methods can provide a fast and accurate analytical way for qualitative analysis of kudzu powder's adulteration.

The elderly may have unique, daily travel behaviour characteristics compared to other age groups, associated with age and physical ability. Defining these characteristics can inform urban infrastructure construction and planning. In this study, 20 elders aged between 60 and 70 years, living in the city centre of Tianjin, were selected to complete the survey. A total of 2232 hours of participant travel behaviour were collected via GPS equipment from July to August 2019. Data were used to create a space–time cube. Based on a statistical analysis of the GPS data, results indicated that the elderly mainly had six kinds of daily travel behaviours: visiting, shopping, outdoor exercise, eating out, going to the hospital and picking up and dropping off grandchildren. The main activity time was from 10:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. Their travel mode was mostly pedestrian-based, with an average single travel distance of about 1.01 km, and an average single travel time of about 0.5 hours. Using the space–time cube, characteristics of elderly daily travel behaviour were visualised. In addition, a typical space–time cube was summarised and presented. Data and methods from this study can provide reference and support for future-related research.

NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) promotes the inflammatory response during progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study aimed to further delineate the role of NLRP3 in NASH development by abolishing its expression in mice. A high-fat and calorie diet plus high fructose and glucose in drinking water (HFCD-HF/G) was used to establish NASH in both wild-type (WT) and NLRP3 knock-out (KO) mice. Hepatocellular injury, hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, as well as inflammatory response and insulin resistance in the liver and epidydimal white adipose tissue (eWAT) were determined. Elevated body weight, liver weight and serum alanine transaminase level, increased hepatic triglyceride accumulation and collagen deposition, and worsened systemic insulin resistance were observed in Nlrp3-/- mice compared to WT mice under HFCD-HF/G feeding. Upregulated hepatic transcription of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and enhanced infiltration of inducible nitric oxide synthase-positive (iNOS+) M1 macrophages were also documented in HFCD-HF/G-fed Nlrp3-/- mice in comparison to HFCD-HF/G-fed WT mice. Moreover, transcription of TNF-α and MCP-1 and infiltration of iNOS+ M1 macrophages were increased in the liver of Nlrp3-/- mice under control diet. NLRP3 deficiency did not attenuate, but instead aggravated NASH development under HFCD-HF/G feeding. The worsened extent of NASH might be attributed to enhanced hepatic MCP-1 expression and M1 macrophage infiltration in Nlrp3-/- mice. Our study points to additional caution when NLRP3 blockade is considered as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of human NASH.

Objective: To assess the effect of platelet-rich plasma as a conservative therapy in individuals with partial-thickness rotator cuff tears or tendinopathy on pain, and function. Data sources: Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, CINAHL, PEDro, and the grey literature (to 31 March 2021). Methods: Randomized controlled trials in English that reported short-term (6 ± 1 months), or long-term (⩾1 year) outcomes (shoulder pain or function) were conducted. Two independent reviewers screened the literature, completed the assessment of the Cochrane’s risk of bias and extracted the data. Mean difference or standardized mean difference was used for continuous data. Heterogeneity was identified with I2 test. Results: A total of 11 studies were eligible, and nine studies ( n = 629) were included in this meta-analysis, that showed statistically significant short-term effects of platelet-rich plasma on pain relief (MD = −1.56; 95% CI −2.82 to −0.30), Constant-Murley score (MD = 16.48; 95% CI 12.57 to 20.40), and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (MD = −18.78; 95% CI −36.55 to −1.02). Nonetheless, no long-term effect was observed on pain and function, except Constant-Murley score (MD = 24.30; 95% CI 23.27 to 25.33). The results of minimal important difference reached the minimal clinically important difference, except American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons. For subgroup analysis, differences of pain relief were statistically significant in platelet-rich plasma-treated groups with double centrifugation, single injection, and post-injection rehabilitation. Conclusion: Our results suggested platelet-rich plasma had positive effects on pain relief and functional improvement for partial-thickness rotator cuff tears and rotator cuff tendinopathy, although the effects may not last for a long time.

A millimeter-wave dual-band shared-aperture high-efficiency reflectarray antenna (RA) based on the structure-reuse technique is proposed in this letter, which consists of two sets of elements with full 360° phase compensation ranges. The oblique dipole element excited by the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is employed for the lower frequency band. The equivalent metallic waveguide element with the unchanged periodic grid and transverse size is selected for the higher frequency band. To make full use of the radiating aperture and, then, improve the aperture efficiency of the dual-band RA, the SIW-fed dipole cells are used to replace a pair of symmetry walls of the metallic waveguide cell in the x -polarization direction. The measured gains of the proposed RA are 28.7 dBi with the aperture efficiency of 43.59% at 18 GHz and 35.8 dBi with the efficiency of 50.12% at 38 GHz. The simulated and measured results successfully validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the design of a millimeter-wave dual-band shared-aperture RA.

Task allocation plays a vital role in crowd computing by determining its performance. The power of crowd computing stems from a large number of workers potentially available to provide high quality of service and reduce costs. An important challenge in the crowdsourcing market today is the task allocation of crowdsourcing workflows. Task allocation aims to maximize the completion quality of the entire workflow and minimize its total cost. Trust can affect the quality of the produced results and costs. Selecting workers with high levels of trust could provide better solution to the workflow and increase the budget. Crowdsourcing workflow needs to balance the two conflicting objectives. In this paper, we propose an alternative greedy approach with four heuristic strategies to address the issue. In particular, the proposed approach aims to monitor the current status of workflow execution and use heuristic strategies to adjust the parameters of task allocation. We design a two-phase allocation model to accurately match the tasks with workers. T-Aware allocates each task to the worker that maximizes the trust level, while minimizing the cost. We conduct extensive experiments to quantitatively evaluate the proposed algorithms in terms of running time, task failure ratio, trust and cost using a customer objective function on WorkflowSim, a well-known cloud simulation tool. Experimental results based on real-world workflows show that T-Aware outperforms other optimal solutions on finding the tradeoff between trust and cost, which is 3 to 6% better than the best competitor algorithm.

Bordetella bronchiseptica (B. bronchiseptica) is an obligately aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, nonfermentative Gram-negative coccobacillus. This study is aimed at examining the immune effects of Rg1, Rg1 plus oil, and other common adjuvants on inactivated B. bronchiseptica vaccine in rabbits. The mechanism underlying the adjuvant effect of Rg1 plus oil on the vaccine was also explored. Rg1 (100 μg) plus oil significantly improved the immune effect of B. bronchiseptica vaccine at both the humoral and cellular levels. Rg1-oil adjuvant increased the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in rabbits after immunization. Rg1 (100 μg) plus oil also significantly increased TLR2 expression and downregulated NF-κB in splenocytes. Rg1-oil adjuvant may increase the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 via upregulating TLR2, thereby enhancing the immune effect of B. bronchiseptica vaccine. In conclusion, Rg1 plus oil could be used as a potential vaccine adjuvant for rabbit B. bronchiseptica vaccine.

Designing defect-engineered semiconductor heterojunctions can effectively promote the charge carrier separation. Herein, novel ceria (CeO2) quantum dots (QDs) decorated sulfur-doped carbon nitride nanotubes (SCN NTs) were synthesized via a thermal polycondensation coupled in situ deposition-precipitation method without use of template or surfactant. The structure and morphology studies indicate that ultrafine CeO2 QDs are well distributed inside and outside of SCN NTs offering highly dispersed active sites and a large contact interface between two components. This leads to the promoted formation of rich Ce3+ ion and oxygen vacancies as confirmed by XPS. The photocatalytic performance can be facilely modulated by the content of CeO2 QDs introduced in SCN matrix while bare CeO2 does not show activity of hydrogen production. The optimal catalyst with 10% of CeO2 loading yields a hydrogen evolution rate of 2923.8 μmol h−1 g−1 under visible light, remarkably higher than that of bare SCN and their physical mixtures. Further studies reveal that the abundant surface defects and the created 0D/1D junctions play a critical role in improving the separation and transfer of charge carriers, leading to superior solar hydrogen production and good stability.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the timing of selective reduction and finishing the number of fetuses on perinatal outcomes in triplets.The study assessed 417 cases of triplets. Perinatal outcomes were compared between selective reduction (SR) performed at 11-14The spontaneous abortion rate was 6.5% and 14.9%, respectively, when SR was performed at 11-14When the starting and finishing numbers of fetuses were the same, the timing of SR could affect the spontaneous abortion rates. When the starting number of fetuses was the same, the timing of SR did not affect the neonatal outcome. However, the finishing number of fetuses was the influencing factor.

In this paper, a problem regarding how multiple mobile agents track a high-speed maneuvering target is considered. Due to the uncertainties of the target caused by the background noises, we use a dynamic non-uniform region to describe the location of target. Therefore, the cooperative tracking problem is transformed into a problem to cover a known dynamic non-uniform region. In order to capture the high-speed maneuvering target, the mobile agents with global sensing areas and limited actuation region are designed to track and cover the dynamic region. Also, the probability that the target appear in the circle is denoted by a probability density function and a performance index function is given to describe the effectiveness of covering a moving target. With observer-based estimation and dynamic formation control, a coverage tracking algorithm is proposed so that the group of agents catch the target by a coverage tracking policy in finite time.

More than 60% of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients show a positive response to the first ALK inhibitor, crizotinib, which has been used as the standard treatment for newly diagnosed patients with ALK rearrangement. However, most patients inevitably develop crizotinib resistance due to acquired secondary mutations in the ALK kinase domain, such as the gatekeeper mutation L1196M and the most refractory mutation, G1202R. Here, we develop XMU‐MP‐5 as a new‐generation ALK inhibitor to overcome crizotinib resistance mutations, including L1196M and G1202R. XMU‐MP‐5 blocks ALK signaling pathways and inhibits the proliferation of cells harboring either wild‐type or mutant EML4‐ALK in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in xenograft mouse models in vivo. Structural analysis provides insights into the mode of action of XMU‐MP‐5. In addition, XMU‐MP‐5 induces significant regression of lung tumors in two genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, further demonstrating its pharmacological efficacy and potential for clinical application. These preclinical data support XMU‐MP‐5 as a novel selective ALK inhibitor with high potency and selectivity. XMU‐MP‐5 holds great promise as a new therapeutic against clinically relevant secondary ALK mutations., Despite the clinical success of ALK inhibitors in NSCLC, multiple drug‐resistant mutations in ALK are inevitably reported. XMU‐MP‐5 overcomes resistance to first and second generation ALK inhibitors in vitro and in vivo, thus holds great promise for the therapeutic use against ALK‐positive NSCLC.

37. International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021, Berlin, Germany, 15 Jul 2021 - 22 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science 395, 1194 (2022). doi:10.22323/1.395.1194 special issue: "37th International Cosmic Ray Conference : ICRC2021 : 12-23 July 2021 : Berlin, Germany - Online / Editorial Board: Alexander Kappes, Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany ; Bianca Keilhauer, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP)", Published by SISSA, Trieste

Credit scoring in online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending faces a huge challenge, which is the credit scoring models discard rejected applicants. This selective discarding leads to bias in the parameters of the models and ultimately affects the performance of credit evaluation. One approach for handling this problem is to adopt reject inference, which is a technique that infer the status of rejected samples and incorporate the results into credit scoring models. The most popular practice of reject inference is to use a credit scoring model that is only built on accepted samples to directly predict the status of rejected samples. However, the distribution of accepted samples in online P2P lending is different from rejected samples. We propose SSL-EC3, a global semi-supervised framework that merges multiple classifiers and clustering algorithms together to make better use of the information of rejected samples. It uses multiple unsupervised models (clustering algorithms) to explore the internal relationships of all samples, and then incorporates the information into the ensemble of supervised models (classifiers) to help correct initial classification results of rejected samples. In addition, we try to use a dynamic ensemble selection (DES) to select the appropriate ensemble of classifiers for each sample to be classified. Experimental results on the real data sets demonstrate the benefits of the proposed methods over conventional methods based on the reject inference.

With more and more companies providing online services through the Internet, Web applications have been targeted by hackers. Although the existing signature-based Web Application Firewall (WAF) can well defend against known attack methods against Web applications, it is vulnerable to Web Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) using a large number of unknown Web attack methods to attack online services. In an effort to combat Web-based APT, we propose an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm, Web-APT-Detect (WAD), which implements self-translation machine through an encoder-decoder using attention mechanism. Our attention mechanisms can improve the quality of self-translation machine used to detect malicious patterns in HTTP requests. Through experiments on the CSIC 2010 dataset, the F1-Score of our algorithm reaches 0.9844, which surpasses the known unsupervised algorithm and reaches the same level as the state-of-the-art supervised algorithm.

Objective The magnitude of the therapeutic effects of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on osteoarthritis (OA) is still under debate. The goal of this study that was a systematic review of randomised controlled trials ​of PRP injections for the treatment of OA was to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of PRP. Methods Electronic databases of PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, EBSCO, ClinicalTrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ​were searched from inception to June 2018 for RCTs that compared PRP injections to controls in patients with OA. A random-effects approach was used to compile data and subgroups according to trial size (large trials versus small trials), patient profile (age and gender), and PRP preparation method was performed. Results Thirty trials met the inclusion criteria and were analysed. All results had unexplained statistical heterogeneity. Patients treated with PRP compared with control showed statistically relevant pain relief and function improvement at short term (standardised mean difference [SMD] ​= ​−0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.98 to −0.27, P ​= ​0.0006, SMD ​= ​−0.74, 95% CI: −1.11 to 0.36, P ​= ​0.0001, respectively), medium term (SMD ​= ​−0.53, 95% CI: −0.83 to −0.23, P ​= ​0.0006, SMD ​= ​−0.50, 95% CI: −0.75 to −0.25, P ​= ​0.0006), and long term (SMD ​= ​−0.69, 95% CI: −1.08 to −0.30, P ​= ​0.0006, SMD ​= ​−0.68, 95% CI: −0.1.09 to −0.27, P ​= ​0.001, respectively). A subgroup analysis of the data from large trials and from trials composed of less than 50% female patients revealed that therapeutic effects of the treatment are insignificant. Conclusions According to the currently available data, PRP injections are beneficial for pain relief and function improvement in patients with OA. This meta-analysis, however, demonstrated that the efficacy of PRP is related to sample size and gender composition. Thus, more randomised controlled trials of high quality and larger patient size, also including gender aspects, are required to understand this phenomenon. The translational potential of this article The translation potential of this meta-analysis is that provided another perspective to analyse the treatment effect of PRP for OA. In future research, phenotypes subpopulation and gender difference of OA patient should be considered for PRP treatment.

The identification of deep green infection plays an important role in high-quality production of tobacco leaves. However, it is difficult to evaluate the infection level automatically and accuratel...

The existing size measurement systems cannot meet the requirements of non-contact measurement tasks, and the main challenge is how to detect various objects and improve measurement accuracy. In order to solve these problems, a novel measurement system was proposed in this paper. In the system, a three-camera model with variable baselines was designed based on the trinocular vision. Three binocular vision subsystems were composed of the three cameras, which were used to obtain the depth information from different shooting angles, and the baselines between the cameras could be adjusted according to the different objects. In the measurement process, the target object was detected automatically based on the visual saliency features and spatial information. Finally, the size of the target object was computed by the cooperative analysis of the three binocular vision subsystems. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed system is accurate and stable in various objects’ detection and measurement tasks.

A pre-post observational study. To evaluate the safety and feasibility of a new rehabilitation robotic device for assisting individuals with lower extremity motor complete lesions following spinal cord injury (SCI). Three hospitals in Sichuan Province, China. Individuals aged 15–75 years with an SCI between vertebrae six (T6) and lumbar 1 (L1) and complete motor paralysis participated in an exoskeletal-assisted walking (EAW) programme (2 weeks, 5 days/week, 30 min/day). Data were collected pre-, mid- (week 1) and post-intervention (week 2). Twenty-eight individuals (mean age = 41.3, 71% males) participated in the EAW programme. The distance walked during the 6-min walking test (6MWT) increased relative to that at baseline, during week 1 (13.0 ± 5.3 m) and week 2 (16.2 ± 5.3 m) when wearing the exoskeleton. The walking speed during the 10-m walking test (10MWT) increased from 0.039 ± 0.016 to 0.045 ± 0.016 m/s. The Hoffer walking ability grade, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM), and the Walking Index for SCI II (WISCI II) changed after 2 weeks of EAW. No improvement in lower extremity motor score (LEMS) was observed. The rates of adverse events and serious adverse events were 21% and 4%, respectively. The EAW programme with the new robotic exoskeleton provided potential meaningful improvements in mobility for individuals with SCI and had few adverse events.

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is more aggressive than other head and neck tumors, and the prognosis for patients with advanced TSCC is poor. At present, comprehensive treatment based on surgery as the main method is not effective for patients with advanced TSCC. The application of PD-1/PD-L1 immunocheckpoint inhibitor alone in patients with TSCC has not been reported. To explore the role of PD-1/PD-L1, we investigated the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in TSCC and analyzed the relationship between the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 and the related clinicopathological parameters and survival prognosis. The expression of PD-1 was significantly associated with palindromia (p = .015) and maximum diameter (p = .043). The expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells was significantly associated with N stage (P = .024), chemotherapy (p = .032), and clinical stage (p = .019). The expression of PD-L1 in infiltrating lymphocytes was significantly associated with palindromia (p = .030). Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses for prognoses of patients showed significant prognostic factors of overall survival and relapse-free survival. The high expression of PD-L1 on infiltrating lymphocytes for OS and RFS was an independent protective factor for patients with TSCC. The high expression of PD-1 on infiltrating lymphocytes and clinical stage for OS and RFS were independent risk factors for patients with TSCC. The data provide a reference for clinical treatment of TSCC with immunotherapy.

Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a remarkably systemic heterogeneous connective tissue disease with many organs involved. The heart is one of the major organs involved, carrying the threat of sudden cardiac death, especially in diffuse cutaneous SSc. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, types, new diagnostic approaches, and imaging and novel therapies of primary cardiac complications while underlining the effects of recently developed non-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in early diagnosis. Data sources: Medline and Embase were searched for articles published up to July 2019. A combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords pertaining to SSc ( "Scleroderma, Systemic" OR "Systemic sclerosis" OR" SSc" ), AND cardiology ( "cardiology" OR "heart" OR "cardiac" ) were applied to the search strategies. Study selection: Literature was mainly printed in English and Chinese about cardiac complications in systemic sclerosis. After selected simply on the title and abstract, the articles were included for the full text. Article type was not limited. Results: Relevant cardiac manifestations are complex, including arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, myocardial dysfunction, and valvular diseases. Even though the symptoms of cardiac complications are well known, unfortunately, they appear to be poor prognostic factors. As systemic sclerosis with cardiac complications has a high mortality rate and patients might have a poor quality of life, it is essential to promote early diagnosis and treatment. With the advent of non-invasive imaging techniques, such as CMR, early diagnosis of cardiac complications in SSc is becoming more effective. Conclusions: Cardiac complications play an essential role in SSc and carry the threat of sudden cardiac death. More basic and clinical studies are warranted to develop better management of cardiac involvement in patients with SSc. Key words: Complications; Diagnosis; Heart; Scleroderma; Systemic; Treatment

Objective: Investigating the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the toxic and adverse effects of paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with malignant tumors, to provide recommendations for individualized treatment. Methods: Determinate 17 patients with malignant tumor DNA site and analysis. Results: 1. All 17 selected specimens’ fluorouracil related genes 18DPYD*2A(476002G>A)GG type、153DPYD*13(1679T>G)TT type 154DPYD(2846A>T)TT type, and the synthesis of DPYD enzyme activity. 21GSTP1(313A>G) polymorphism site mutation rate was 25.0%(4 cases), 29XRCC1(16323944T>C) polymorphism site mutation rate was 90.9%(10 cases), 62ABCB1(3435C>T) polymorphism site mutation rate was 52.9%(9 cases), and 68MTHFR(677C>T) polymorphism site mutation rate was 50.0%(8 cases). 2. Fluorouracil related genes 18DPYD*2A(476002G>A)GG type, 153DPYD*13(1679T>G)TT type, 154DPYD(2846A>T)TT type ,and the synthesis DPYD enzyme activity is normal. 3. Paclitaxel related genes 62ABCB1(3435T>C) CC type has a lower incidence of hematotoxicity and neurotoxicity, than CT type and TT type. 13ABCB1(2677T>G)GG type has a higher rate of drug resistance than TT type. 14CYP1B1*3(C>G)CC type has a higher progression-free survival. Platinum-related genes 21GSTP1(313A>G)AA is homozygous wild type and has a higher incidence of hematotoxicity than GA type. 29XRCC1(1196T>C)CC is homozygous mutant and has a higher risk of serious neutropenia than CT type. 62ABCB1 (3435T>C)CC is homozygous mutant and has a higher risk of lymphatic metastasis than TC type and TT type. 68MTHFR(677C>T)TT type is homozygous mutant and has a higher mucosal toxicity and toxic and side effects than CT type and CC type. Conclusion: Single nucleotide polymorphism is related to the toxic and side effects of chemotherapy，the detection of SNP to predict the toxicity risk of drug users can be an important reference index to guide clinical individualized treatment.

QuestionIn people with spinal cord injury, does exoskeleton-assisted walking training improve pulmonary ventilation function, motor function and related body structure, walking, and activities of daily life equally comparing those with conventional exercise program?DesignRandomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding and intention-to-treat analysis.InterventionBoth groups undertook 16 sessions of 50-60min training (4 days/week, 4 weeks). Participants in the experimental group received EAW trainings using AIDER system, which assisted standing, walking, and climbing the stairs. The control group received a conventional exercise program which combined aerobic, resistance, flexibility and walking training.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the pulmonary function test. The secondary outcomes included: a 6-minute walk test with Borg scale (0 to 10) rating of exertion, 10-metre walk test, basic activities of daily living, trunk control test, lower extremity motor score, muscle tone of lower limb, bone mineral density, and distal femoral cartilage at baseline and upon completion of treatment.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of trainings, the experimental group improved more on the forced vital capacity (MD 0.53, 95%CI 0.01 to 1.06), predicted FVC% (MD 19.59, 95%CI 6.63 to 32.54) and forced expiratory volume in 1s (MD 0.61, 95%CI 0.15 to 1.07); BADL (MD 19.75, 95%CI 10.88 to 28.62); and distal femoral cartilage than the control group. Participants completed 6-minute walk test with median 17.3 meters while wearing the exoskeleton. There was no difference in trunk control test, lower extremity motor score, muscle tone, bone mineral density and adverse event.ConclusionsIn people with lower thoracic neurological level of spinal cord injury, exoskeleton-assisted walking training instead of a conventional excise program has potential benefits to facilitate pulmonary ventilation function, walking, basic activities of daily living and thickness of cartilage.Trial registrationChiCTR2000034623

Background: The elderly are increasingly pursuing professional healthcare services,paying attention to the training of their workers is necessary to satisfying the growing needs of them. This study aimed to investigate the care service needs for the elderly and the training needs of their care workers. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted of 589 elderly people from 6 nursing institutions and 2 geriatric hospitals, 415 medical staff from 7 geriatric hospitals, 5 nursing homes, and 1 community institution, and 372 nursing assistants from 21 nursing institutions in northeast China.Results: The service with the greatest demand and that with which users were most satisfied was regular visits by medical personnel, which was the case for 87.27% of the elderly subjects. Of the medical staff, 75.42% had training needs related to healthcare for the elderly, while the most requested training content was of comprehensive assessment of the elderly. The most requested method for the delivery of training was by self-study online video courses. Of nursing assistants, only 53.4% had obtained the relevant practicing certificate. While 83.6% participated in relevant training, 86% expressed the need for additional training. The majority of these personnel wished to receive training in everyday care routines, and the majority wanted to learn by way of practical training.Conclusions: The care needs of the elderly are diverse, and the work performed by elderly care practitioners is increasing in scope. The existing training system for elderly care personnel is not perfect, and the demand for the training of relevant personnel is high. Existing training methods and content require improvement.

In distribution communication network, network energy consumption and coverage are a group of contradictory indicators. In this paper, a distribution communication network planning method based on energy consumption optimization is proposed. The method aims at subordinating base stations to constitute a distribution wireless communication network with low energy consumption and high coverage, by establishing a multi-objective optimization model; and the method obtains the optimal solution of the model by using heterogeneous planning algorithm. The simulation results show that the base station subordinate scheme can not only ensure the high coverage of the terminal, but also ensure that the network can be at a low level.

Intratumor heterogeneity is partly responsible for the poor prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) patients. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of different heterogeneous subregions of GBM on overall survival (OS) stratification. A total of 105 GBM patients were retrospectively enrolled and divided into long-term and short-term OS groups. Four MRI sequences, including contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1C), T1, T2, and FLAIR, were collected for each patient. Then, 4 heterogeneous subregions, i.e. the region of entire abnormality (rEA), the regions of contrast-enhanced tumor (rCET), necrosis (rNec) and edema/non-contrast-enhanced tumor (rE/nCET), were manually drawn from the 4 MRI sequences. For each subregion, 50 radiomics features were extracted. The stratification performance of 4 heterogeneous subregions, as well as the performances of 4 MRI sequences, was evaluated both alone and in combination. Our results showed that rEA was superior in stratifying long-and short-term OS. For the 4 MRI sequences used in this study, the FLAIR sequence demonstrated the best performance of survival stratification based on the manual delineation of heterogeneous subregions. Our results suggest that heterogeneous subregions of GBMs contain different prognostic information, which should be considered when investigating survival stratification in patients with GBM.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved success in optical flow estimation using labeled datasets, but they fail to build an internal representation to fast adapt to the specific task. On the other hand, limited by the lack of ground truth, existing CNNs-based methods suffer from high noise sensitivity and inferior generalization performance. We integrate the meta-learning technique with optical flow estimation, which can learn internal features to search optimal initial state parameters of the network. Meanwhile, we devise an enhanced network termed MetaFlow to further improve performance. MetaFlow extracts per-pixel features, builds correlation volumes for all pairs of pixels, and iteratively updates optical flow through optical flow predictor using meta-learning. In addition, we propose a meta-transfer pretraining approach to obtain initial network weights, which can efficiently avoid network overfitting. Empirical experiments on MPI Sintel and KITTI benchmarks have shown that the proposed MetaFlow achieves the state-of-the-art results and performs outstanding in challenging scenarios such as textureless regions and abrupt motions.

Background Previous meta-analyses have reported the superiority of tanezumab versus placebo in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, they did not compare different injection methods (intravenous or subcutaneous), doses of injection. Objective The goal of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of different dosages and methods of injection of tanezumab on relieving pain in patients with OA. Methods An online systematic search was performed by using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases from inception to November 9, 2019. The goal was to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that concentrated on the therapeutic effects of different dosages and methods of injection of tanezumab in patients with OA. The pairwise meta-analyses with the fixed effects model were undertaken with the “meta” package using R 3.6.0 programming language. In addition, an NMA with fixed effects was assessed using a gemtc software. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve value of each intervention was calculated to obtain a hierarchy of treatments. Results Of the 328 RCTs identified through the literature search, 12 RCTs were included in the current NMA. In terms of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index pain and physical function subscales, the most effective treatment was intravenous injection of tanezumab (10 mg; surface under the cumulative ranking curve values of 90% and 88%, respectively), and the least effective therapy was subcutaneous injection of tanezumab (2.5 mg; 20% and 19%). Conclusions To achieve high therapeutic efficacy and avoid treatment failure, an intravenous injection of tanezumab (10 mg) is recommended as an efficacious therapy, facilitating pain relief in patients with OA. However, this conclusion may also be affected by the limitations of this study owing to the small sample size and data heterogeneity, and further research should therefore be conducted to eliminate these limitations and to confirm the findings.

BackgroundAccumulating evidence has shown that dysregulated expression of microRNAs plays a key role in tumorigenesis. To explore the mechanisms of this we conducted this study.MethodsFive Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GEO) datasets , GSE32960, GSE36682, GSE43039, GSE70970 and GSE118613 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analysis in this study.ResultsBy analyzing the microRNA expression profile of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the five GEO datasets, we identified miR-150-5p as potential biomarker for patient survival. To explore the mechanisms of this, We examined the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma data of TCGA and found that miR-150-5p was correlated with high enrichment of tumor-infiltrating B cells, low enrichment of cancer-associated fibroblasts and down-regulated oncogenic pathways. miR-150-5p may also improve the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. These findings may explain how miR-150-5p improves outcome of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients including NPC. Additionally, the exosomal long non-coding RNA AC073130.1 was identified as a potential regulator of miR-150-5p. As miR-150-5p can also be released via exosomes, this study provides insight into the cross-talk of tumor cells and B cells in the tumor microenvironment via exosomal AC073130.1 and miR-150-5p. ConclusionMiR-150-5p improves outcome of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients by improving the immune response. There might be a cross-talk of tumor cells and B cells in the tumor microenvironment via exosomal AC073130.1 and miR-150-5p.

There are many analysis dimensions and analysis methods for resuming work by using corporate daily electricity data. The fine-grained daily electricity is based on the unit of day, and the data granularity, discrimination and data density are relatively weak. Based on the authenticity and reliability of power data, this article uses 96-point power quasi-real-time data to construct two indicators of industry production capacity and industry resumption rate, and in-depth analysis of regional economies, production capacity recovery and resumption rates of various industries, and reveals the difference during the epidemic period. The power consumption characteristics and distribution of industries, and the discovery of the corresponding relationship between power consumption characteristics and the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures, and targeting the extent and scope of the impact of specific industries, have positive effect on assisting the government in scientific decision-making and promoting economic development.

Name lookup is a key technology for the forwarding plane of content router in Named Data Networking (NDN). To realize the efficient name lookup, what counts is deploying a highperformance index in content routers. So far, the proposed indexes have shown good performance, most of which are optimized for or evaluated with URLs collected from the current Internet, as the large-scale NDN names are not available yet. Unfortunately, the performance of these indexes is always impacted in terms of lookup speed, memory consumption and false positive probability, as the distributions of URLs retrieved in memory may differ from those of real NDN names independently generated by content-centric applications online. Focusing on this gap, a smart mapping model named Pyramid-NN via neural networks is proposed to build an index called LNI for NDN forwarding plane. Through learning the distributions of the names retrieved in the static memory, LNI can not only reduce the memory consumption and the probability of false positive, but also ensure the performance of real NDN name lookup. Experimental results show that LNI-based FIB can reduce the memory consumption to 58.258 MB for 2 million names. Moreover, as it can be deployed on SRAMs, the throughput is about 177 MSPS, which well meets the current network requirement for fast packet processing., This paper has been published in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking. The final version can be accessed from IEEE Xplore