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This essay draws on Cheryl Harris’s essay ‘Whiteness as Property’ to explore the ways in which nineteenth-century nationalist thinking haunts medieval studies. Using the Old English poem Beowulf as its central example, the essay examines how, during its early scholarly history, Beowulf was identified as the property of various nations and peoples. It was the subject of claims and counterclaims, but all the litigants agreed that, whomever the poem might belong to, it revealed important properties of their identity. This essay also argues that the structures of thought that define early Beowulf scholarship continue to haunt aspects of twenty-first century political culture in Britain. It demonstrates how the idea of ‘the English’ is often simplified and reified and illustrates how this way of thinking about the nation – as self-identical, coherent, and unified – is often indebted to medievalist thinking which simplifies and reifies medieval culture and history.

Despite its relative underutilization in the primary management of aortoiliac occlusive disease, thoracofemoral bypass is an attractive extra-anatomic surgical option in select patients. Thoracofemoral bypass classically entails passing a graft from the left chest into the retroperitoneal space through a small opening created in the diaphragm. While theoretically possible that this maneuver may predispose to a peri-graft diaphragmatic hernia, currently there are no cases of this complication reported in the literature, nor has its surgical repair been described. This case illustrates the rare complication of symptomatic diaphragmatic hernia following a thoracobifemoral bypass.

Hyperparathyroidism presents as a component of selected familial endocrinopathies including multiple endocrine neoplasia types 1 and 2. These people develop multiple parathyroid adenomas that often present synchronously and can require operative intervention. The goals of the operation are to reduce the functional parathyroid mass to a point that normalizes the serum parathyroid hormone level, to avoid hypoparathyroidism, and to leave the residual parathyroid tissue in a place that can be safely accessed at the time of recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Recurrence is highly likely, as any residual parathyroid tissue has the propensity to develop subsequent adenomatous growth. The 2 main alternatives to accomplish these goals are to either remove all of the evident parathyroid tissue from the neck, and to move it to an accessible position, such as the forearm, as an autograft (total parathyroidectomy and autograft), or to remove nearly all of the parathyroid tissue from the neck, leaving a single focus of well-vascularized, carefully located tissue in the neck (subtotal parathyroidectomy).

The Old English poem known as The Ruin meditates on the material remains of a long-passed civilisation and has often been read as typical of the nostalgic poetry of the Anglo-Saxons, but its reception history reveals how cultural memories of the Anglo-Saxons have been rewritten in the modern world and the importance of the idea of ruination to modern conceptions of the Middle Ages. This chapter constitutes the first extended study of the disciplinary and translation histories of The Ruin, traces the history of the poem from 1826 to the twenty-first century and explores the meanings of ruins in the Middle Ages and modernity.

This chapter interrogates the relationship between medievalist cultural memory and nationalism in Britain and Europe. Exploring work by the English poet Thomas Gray, the Welsh poet and critic Evan Evans, the Hungarian poet Janos Arany, the Icelandic scholar Grímur Jonsson Thorkelín and the Danish poet, historian and educator Nikolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig, this chapter explores how ideas of the medieval past are used to generate ideas of community and exclude some people, ideas and traditions from the future.

This chapter explores the medieval interests of two twenty-first century pieces of art: Elizabeth Price’s immersive video installation, The Woolworths Choir of 1979 (2012), and Michael Landy’s Saints Alive (2013). Both of these works turn to medieval culture in order to examine the untimeliness of the body and this chapter traces their sources and explores how their work speaks with, and to, medieval representations of the body. It contextualises Price and Landy’s work with explorations of medieval effigies and the Middle English poem St Erkenwald. The methodology of this chapter is informed by Aby Warburg’s work on gesture in early modern art and interrogates moments of contact and communication across time.

Wireless networking is a common component in assistive environment designs. In addition to allowing the deployment of multiple sensors that are not physically connected, wireless networking carries an additional benefit - the characteristics and interactions between the wireless mobile node and the wireless base can be examined to determine the otherwise unknown location of the mobile node. Determining the location of the mobile node is the topic of this paper. In particular, this paper explores the relationship between Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and the error in the computed Time-of-Flight (TOF) data. This relationship is exploited to associate probabilities with location readings which are subsequently used to apply particle filtering techniques to reduce the inaccuracy in the location computation. We show that by using RSSI and particle filtering, the wireless node's location can be tracked far more accurately than by accepting TOF as provided.

It appears that man assumed the erect form by angulating the lumbosacral area at the sacrum. The pelvis was not altered with this change and it therefore bears the same horizontal relationship to the limbs attached thereto as does the pelvis of a quadruped to its hind limbs. This concept of the relationship between the pelvic and abdominal cavities may suggest some alterations in our established gynecological and obstetrical procedures.

Introduction: literature in Britain and Ireland, 500-1150 Clare A. Lees Part I. Word, Script and Image: 1. Writing in Britain and Ireland, 400-800 Julia M. H. Smith 2. The art of writing: scripts and scribal production Julia Crick 3. Art and writing: voice, image, object Catherine E. Karkov 4. Of Bede's 'Five Languages and Four Nations': the earliest writing from Ireland, Scotland and Wales Maire Ni Mhaonaigh 5. Insular Latin literature to 900 Rosalind Love 6. Bede and the northern kingdoms S. M. Rowley Part II. Early English Literature: 7. Across borders: Anglo-Saxon England and the Germanic world Rolf H. Bremmer, Jr 8. English literature in the ninth century Susan Irvine 9. The writing of history in the early Middle Ages: the Anglo-Saxon chronicle in context Renee R. Trilling 10. The literary languages of Old English: words, styles, voices Joshua Davies 11. Old English poetic form: genre, style, prosody Haruko Momma 12. Beowulf: a poem in our time Gillian R. Overing 13. Old English lyrics: a poetics of experience Kathleen Davis 14. Literature in pieces: female sanctity and the relics of early women's writing Diane Watt 15. Saintly lives: friendship, kinship, gender and sexuality L. M. C. Weston 16. Sacred history and Old English religious poetry Andrew Scheil 17. Performing Christianity: liturgical and devotional writing Christopher A. Jones 18. Riddles, wonder and responsiveness in Anglo-Saxon literature Patricia Dailey Part III. Latin Learning and the Literary Vernaculars: 19. In measure, and number, and weight: writing science R. M. Liuzza 20. Legal documentation and the practice of English law Lisi Oliver 21. Latinities, 893-1143 David Townsend 22. The authority of English, 900-1150 Elaine Treharne 23. Crossing the language divide: Anglo-Scandinavian language and literature Russell Poole 24. European literature and eleventh-century England Thomas O' Donnell, Matthew Townend and Elizabeth M. Tyler 25. Gaelic literature in Ireland and Scotland, 900-1150 Thomas Clancy 26. Writing in Welsh to 1150: re-creating the past, shaping the future Sioned Davies.