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Prototypes and other ‘things’ have had many uses in HCI research—to help understand a problem, as a stepping stone towards a solution, or as a final outcome of a research process. However, within the messy context of a research through design project, many of these roles do not form part of the final research narratives, restricting the ability of other researchers to learn from this practice. In this paper we revisit prototypes used in three different design research projects, conducted over a period when the Internet of Things emerged into everyday life, exploring complex hidden relationships between the internet, people and physical objects. We aim to explore the unreported roles that prototypes played in these projects, including brokering relationships with participants and deconstructing opaque technologies. We reflect on how these roles align with existing understandings of prototypes in HCI, with particular attention to how these roles can contribute to design around IoT.

As the internet is increasingly embedded in the everyday things in our homes, we notice a need for greater focus on the role care plays in those relationships—and therefore an opportunity to realize un- seen potential in reimagining home Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper we report on our inquiry of home dwellers’ relationships to caring for their everyday things and homes (referred to as thing- care). Findings from our design ethnography reveal four thematic qualities of their relationships to thingcare: Care Spectacle, Care Liminality, Ontological Binding, and Care Condition. Using these themes as touchstones, we co-speculated to produce four specula- tive IoT concepts to explore what care as a design ethic might look like for IoT and reflect on nascent opportunities and challenges for domestic IoT design. We conclude by considering structures of power and privilege embedded within care practices that critically open new design imaginaries for IoT.

This reflective piece focuses on the practices of Scribes, a feature that was newly introduced to RTD 2015 and is envisioned to capture aspects of the highly discursive nature of this conference format. Scribing comprises drawing, writing notation, or mark making on paper to capture some essence of the discussions, dynamics, and atmosphere of the various conference sessions as they took place.

Emerging technologies---such as the voice enabled internet---present many opportunities and challenges for HCI research and society as a whole. Advocating for better, healthier implementations of these technologies will require us to communicate abstract values, such as trust, to an audience that ranges from the general public to technologists and even policymakers. In this paper, we show how a combination of film-making and product design can help to illustrate these abstract values. Working as part of a wider international advocacy campaign, Our Friends Electric focuses on the voice enabled internet, translating abstract notions of Internet Health into comprehensible digital futures for the relationship between our voice and the internet. We conclude with a call for designers of physical things to be more involved with the development of trust, privacy and security in this powerful emerging technological landscape.

We describe the design of SelfReflector an internet-connected mirror that uses online facial recognition to estimate your age and play music from when it thinks you were 14 years old. The mirror was created for a specific shop (SPeX PisTOls optical boutique), within a research through design project centered on the high street as a space of vital social, economic and environmental exchange that offers a myriad of psychosocial support for people beyond a place to purchase goods. We present in detail how the design emerged as our research interests developed related to IoT and how people use the high street to experiment with, and support sense of self. We discuss SelfReflector in relation to challenges for IoT, facial recognition and surveillance technologies, mirrorness and the values of a craft approach to designing technology centering on the nature of the bespoke and 'one-off'.

We report on the detection of a strain of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria with zoonotic potential identified in the UK for the first time. Livestock-associated meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA), clonal complex (CC) 398 is predominantly asymptomatic in livestock, with infrequent reports of opportunistic infections in farm workers.1 LA-MRSA CC398, spa type t899, was detected from UK animals, harbouring prophage φSa3-immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes, sak , scn and chp , markers for human adaptation, which have been absent from previously reported UK CC398 animal strains. 2, 3 In 2016, …

In this paper the authors discuss a new interdisciplinary project which integrates product design innovations from IDEO, in particular experience prototyping, and touches upon aspects of Eddie Obeng's design paradigms such as fog and quest. The project, ‘Artefact after the Fact’ weaves experience design directly into a New York study trip, which is then further developed by interdisciplinary student teams within a neutral studio space. The authors describe this process, involving 120 students from 5 design disciplines with a staff team with expertise ranging from Product to Interiors, and with contextual input from the School of Architecture, Design History Theory & Practice. Mediating artefacts (convenient shorthand for ‘product’ objects, as experiential metaphors for process and product) are explored, which may be relevant to engineering students, or other ‘non’ product disciplines. As educators, there is much we can learn from industry, but much we need to be wary of within design education; modular in...

Our interactions with paper are so habitual as to be subconscious. Paper is an inextricable component of our daily lives. In this paper we present the crafting of, and the reflections on, four prototypes; these prototypes explore how adding new functionality through paper circuits can enrich interactions with paper. We define paper circuits as circuits that have been made through the process of printing or applying conductive ink onto standard paper in order to form electronic or electric circuits. We will provide reflections on not just the benefits of paper circuitry, but also how the newly added affordances gained from paper circuitry effect the experience of paper interactions. This paper will illustrate how this new evolution of paper can be used to produce cheap lightweight ubiquitous electronic products, new art forms, and most importantly enhance the user experience of paper without losing the existing well-loved affordances that paper currently possesses.

This pictorial illustrates some basic and practical notes pertaining to paper circuitry, with a focus on the technicalities of printing, connecting and sensing. The process of creating paper circuit prototypes with little or no specialist equipment will be explored, along with an investigation into printed patterns and grounding options for creating touch and proximity sensors with conductive paint. The methods and techniques this pictorial explores are approached from a craft viewpoint as opposed to the possibly more expected engineering approach.

We describe the process of insight journalism, in which local amateur journalists were used to generate unique insights into the digital needs of a community. We position this as a means for communities to represent themselves to designers, both as a method of designing community technologies and as a first step towards supporting innovation at a local level. To demonstrate insight journalism, we present two case studies of community technologies that were directly inspired, informed and evaluated by journalistic content. Based on this experience, we evaluate the role that insight journalism can play in designing for communities, the particular characteristics that it lends to the design process and how it might be employed to support sustainable community innovation.

As the national and state economies move from the industrial to the information age, the need for individuals with baccalaureates is increasing. Preparation and geographical access to postsecondary education are important components of meeting this need. Concurrent-use facilities address both issues. By having both twoand four-year institutions share a facility, students are able to complete their lower division requirements in a community college setting including any needed remedidation. Associate in Arts graduates can then transfer to a university for the final two years without having to change geographical locations. This paper provides information from one state that is using this type of delivery system to enhance access to baccalaureate education.

For a long time, the second-hand retail market was the preserve of the charity shop. However, the advent of services like eBay has massively increased its prominence. In this paper we describe a novel Internet of Things-based approach to enhancing the second-hand retail experience by augmenting items with their provenance. After a discussion of the underlying technology, we shall describe its deployment in two related case studies conducted in collaboration with Oxfam charity retail outlets in which we tagged donated items with RFID and QR codes, allowing shoppers to hear the story behind the donated items. Finally, we discuss the impact of the deployments and their implications for the second-hand retail sector.

This research uses the concept of digital democracy as a framework for designing digital interfaces to improve public and community engagement with local policy-making. The paper describes ‘Viewpoint,’ an aspect of the Bespoke Project (see output 2) which tested design-based applications of digital democracy., Three networked devices were designed, made and then installed in a community in Preston for 8 weeks where housing association managers and local councillors used them to gather community feedback from on local issues and concerns. Over 1500 votes were cast by 250 people. Councillors acknowledged a significant improvement in the levels of community engagement over established opinion-gathering techniques., This research examines the design and use of physically situated interfaces intended to deliver digital content and services that support democratic policy-making processes in a time of rapid technological change. The paper addresses issues concerning accessibility and engagement in hyper-local contexts and explores the potential relevance of these approaches to policy-making on a national scale., The paper was presented at the Association of Computing Machinery conference on ‘Computer Human Interaction’ through the conference’s Design Track (where only 23% of papers are accepted)., This work has been further recognised through the receipt of an EPSRC Impact award of £28,000 by Newcastle University. This follow-on project allowed Taylor & Marshall to develop a second iteration of the devices and test them in two public locations in Newcastle. Examples of iterations one and two have been exhibited at a number of internationally significant venues (see output 2 for details).

Too often in social research for design, academic knowledge is privileged at the expense of other knowledge and ways of knowing, although by overlooking insights from other participants this academic meaning-making may be wasteful and/or damaging to relations. In this paper, we describe a project that focuses on establishing academic/community relations to look at how knowledge issues are handled in setting up participative projects. We touch on the ethics of the ‘informed consent’ required for the ethics approval process and that of generating and sharing project outcomes in a way that reflects team membership, considering how to share credit, encourage diverse opinion and ensure some value in participating for all participants. Since a key outcome of the study is intended to be policy recommendations as to how to involve community groups in research projects, we take a highly reflexive approach. We reflect here on how we, as academic researchers, became participants and what we made available to our partners in research to do the same.

The Pillar ATM (automated teller machine) is an internal NCR concept that originated out of an investigation into low cost emerging markets. NCR is a leading self-service solutions provider manufacturing devices such as ATM's, kiosks and airline check-in terminals. As a corporation NCR have been active in this area for some time, building relationships with financial institutions, investors and universities. This has allowed NCR to develop various financial self-service devices that cater for the specific needs of this market. The Pillar ATM is a low cost device designed for a harsh exterior environment by all user groups including inexperienced and potentially illiterate users.In this paper we will show the lessons learned from how a multinational corporation can use design methods to gain insights from individual communities providing a solution that has the potential to influence global self-service markets. We will present the methods as they were used and the outcome that emerged, alongside evidence of impact and viability for gaining local knowledge that has global reach. The design for the Pillar ATM evolved through a series of projects that involved extensive field research in the Jari Mari and Tunga Goan slums of Mumbai, community workshops, user observation, digital ethnography and user testing.

Despite the tendency for injuries of the foot and ankle to be readily localized at physical examination, the examiner is advised to perform an ultrasound examination when indicated with a routine and systematic approach. This allows for comprehensive evaluation of all the relevant structures and affords the necessary experience to recognize abnormal anatomy when it is present. Musculoskeletal ultrasound examination strongly complements other diagnostic tools used in the diagnosis and treatment of foot and ankle pathology.

Epicardial pacemaker implantation is the most common approach for small children requiring pacemaker implantation, though it is not free from complications. This article reviews the experience with endocardial pacemaker implantation, as an alternative approach, in children < or =10 kg at two centers. Thirty-nine children, median age 3.8 months (2 days-35 months), weight 4.6 kg (2.3-10 kg) underwent endocardial permanent pacing (VVI/R in 38, DDDR in 1). Indications for pacing were complete heart block (CHB) in 34 (congenital in 21, postsurgical in 12, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries 1), long QT syndrome in 3, and sinus bradycardia in 2 children. Two children with postsurgical CHB died 7 days and 3 weeks after implantation, respectively, due to heart failure and septicemia, despite appropriate pacemaker therapy. Over a median follow-up of 4.3 years (9 months-15.3 years), 12 patients underwent 18 generator replacements. Five patients were upgraded to physiological pacing. Ten patients underwent 12 ventricular lead advancements. Ventricular lead extraction was attempted 11 times in nine patients and succeeded 10 times. Two patients were converted to epicardial dual chamber systems. Two prepectorally placed generators required resiting due to threatened skin necrosis. Infective endocarditis on the lead, 9 months postimplant required removal of the system in one patient. The subclavian vein was found to be asymptomatically thrombosed in four patients. Endocardial permanent pacing is feasible and effective in children < or = 10 kg and an acceptable alternative to epicardial pacing.

This paper describes a prototype multimodal spoken natural language dialog system for capturing a commander's expectations about planned military actions. Dialog context is used for handling issues concerning military echelons, multiple databases, dynamic name creation, and relative time references.