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1. Metronidazole-induced reversible cerebellar dysfunction

Author

Deep P. Pillai, Vinod Pillai, Kevin John John, and John K. John

Subjects
Male, Liver Abscess, Case Report, Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, Cerebellar Diseases, Metronidazole, Medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Aged, Duration of Therapy, business.industry, Dysarthria, Neurotoxicity, General Medicine, Cerebellar dysfunction, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyperintensity, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cerebellar Nuclei, Anesthesia, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Ataxia, Neurotoxicity Syndromes, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Liver abscess, medicine.drug
Abstract

A 73-year-old man who presented with fever and abdominal discomfort was diagnosed to have a liver abscess. He was treated with antimicrobials which included metronidazole. One month into treatment, he developed neurological symptoms and signs that were suggestive of cerebellar pathology. MRI of the brain showed T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensities involving bilateral dentate, fastigial and interpositus nuclei. After excluding common aetiologies, the possibility of metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity was considered. After stopping metronidazole, his symptoms and signs resolved. A subsequent MRI scan of the brain showed reversal of changes. Neurotoxicity caused by metronidazole is an uncommon adverse effect of a commonly used antimicrobial drug and should be considered in the appropriate clinical scenario.

Published
2023

2. Deep and ongoing response of castrate-resistant prostate cancer on very low-dose enzalutamide in an elderly chemotherapy–naïve patient: a case report

Author

Nielka P. van Erp, Thomas Havenith, Emmy Boerrigter, and John-John B Schnog

Subjects
Male, Drug, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Short Communication, media_common.quotation_subject, Castrate-resistant prostate cancer, Toxicology, Exposure, chemistry.chemical_compound, Prostate cancer, Pharmacokinetics, Internal medicine, Nitriles, Phenylthiohydantoin, Enzalutamide, Androgen Receptor Antagonists, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Active metabolite, media_common, Aged, 80 and over, Pharmacology, business.industry, Low dose, Castration-resistant Prostate cancer, medicine.disease, Androgen receptor, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, chemistry, Receptors, Androgen, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Benzamides, business
Abstract

Background Enzalutamide is an orally administered drug that blocks signaling in the androgen receptor with clinical activity in both chemotherapy–naive and post-chemotherapy patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Enzalutamide is generally well-tolerated, but dose reductions are nonetheless needed in case of side effects. Case An 82-year-old patient with chemotherapy–naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer was treated with a very low dose of 40 mg enzalutamide once daily. The trough levels of enzalutamide and the active metabolite N-desmethylenzalutamide were 4.5 mg/L and 3.0 mg/L, respectively. This exposure provided a long-term response without any significant side effects. Conclusion Low doses of enzalutamide may be efficacious, while also reducing the risk of side effects. Furthermore, employing a lower dose would reduce healthcare costs and increase access to enzalutamide. Studies exploring the efficacy of lower enzalutamide doses are warranted.

Published
2021
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3. Predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with congestive Heart failure (HF) in a general medical ward – A case-control study from a tertiary care centre in South India

Author

Anisha Joy, O C Abraham, Faith Mariam John, Alice Joan Mathuram, Visalakshi Jayaseelan, Sowmya Sathyendra, Turaka Vijay Prakash, K. Muruga Bharathy, Thambu David Sudarsanam, Nevine Joseph Nellimala, Kevin John John, and I Ramya

Subjects
Univariate analysis, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, business.industry, Mortality rate, Incidence (epidemiology), Case-control study, RT1-120, general medical ward, General Medicine, Nursing, Logistic regression, mortality, Blood pressure, congestive heart failure, Emergency medicine, Risk of mortality, Medicine, risk factors, business
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Studies around the world have shown that incidence of HF is increasing with the highest risk of mortality during their first admission and in the subsequent 1 year. Only a few Indian studies had looked at the predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with HF in patients admitted in medical wards. We have done a case control study to determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality, in patients admitted with HF, in general medical ward, in a tertiary care centre in south India. Methods: We collected demographic data, clinical details and outcome data from case records. We performed a univariate analysis comparing those who died as compared to those who did not. Factors that were significant in the above, were entered into a logistic regression analysis to identify factors that independently predicted poor outcomes. Results: The in-hospital mortality rate in patients admitted with HF was 12.19%. On multivariate analysis, Systolic blood pressure < 115 mmHg {OR – 2.82, CI (1.29 – 6.19)}, serum lactate > 2 mmol/l {OR-2.61, CI (1.16 – 5.87)}, and GCS < 15 {OR 6.64, CI (2.26 – 19.51)} were statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study has shown that, in patients admitted with HF in general medical ward, at admission, low systolic blood pressure, high serum lactates, low GCS were predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Published
2021

4. Predicting the combustion behaviour of compression ignition engine fuelled with biodiesel from Stoechospermum marginatum, a macro algae

Author

Seralathan Sivamani, Jagannathan Krishnan, Hariram Venkatesan, Preethi Vijayarengan, Micha Premkumar Thomai, and Godwin John John Rose

Subjects
Hot Temperature, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, Combustion, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Pressure, Environmental Chemistry, Macro, Process engineering, Vehicle Emissions, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Biodiesel, business.industry, General Medicine, Compression (physics), Pollution, Renewable energy, Ignition system, Stoechospermum, Biofuels, Heat transfer, Environmental science, business, Gasoline
Abstract

Biodiesel is one among the recent developments in the field of renewable energy research. To enhance the combustion characteristics of compression ignition engine, industry and academicians were working towards clean and renewable energy resource. Algal biodiesel was one of the major research arenas in the recent decade of renewable energy. Bio-oil from marine brown macro algae, Stoechospermum marginatum was used as the test fuel in this study. The purpose of this numerical study was to analyse the combustion behaviour of compression ignition engine when fuelled with Stoechospermum marginatum biodiesel as a fuel. The numerical study was performed using the zero-dimensional combustion model by incorporating the dynamic combustion duration during the heat transfer using the MATLAB Simulink software. The developed model which incorporated the instantaneous combustion duration was a novel approach. Validations of the numerical results on combustion features like in-cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, rate of heat release, and cumulative heat release were done by comparing it with the experimental data. The deviation between the numerical and experimental values was found to be within 5 to 6%.

Published
2020
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5. Efficacy of Sarilumab in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Author

Vijairam Selvaraj, Ajay Kumar Mishra, Mohammad Saud Khan, and Kevin John John

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Sarilumab, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, business
Abstract

Interest in modulating the immune response beyond glucocorticoids has existed since the COVID-19 pandemic began. Recent trials have shown promising results with IL-6 inhibitors such as tocilizumab although similar data on Sarilumab is lacking. In this report, we analyze the current evidence on Sarilumab in hospitalized COVID-19 patients to evaluate its efficacy.

Published
2021
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6. Export-Import Misalignment and Gross Fixed Capital Formation in Nigeria

Author

Akaninyene Orok, Dr., John, John, Okon, Effiong, and Udoka, Prof Chris

Subjects
Investments, Foreign, Business
Abstract

This study examines export-import misalignment and gross fixed capital formation in Nigeria. Three variables are used and myriad of control variables, spanning the period of 1981-2020. The model was tested with several econometrics and statistical instruments. The results from the findings indicates that, export-import misalignment has a negative and an insignificant impact on gross fixed capital formation, however, export and import impact gross fixed capital formation differently. There was a 30.3% threshold evidence as indicated in the F-statistics value in the model. We recommend that, the federal government of Nigeria should reprioritize her needs. They should spend more on capital expenditures as against the current trend of 68:32% allocations to recurrent and capital expenditures respectively. Efforts must be made to mobilize the desired level of gross national savings that could be big enough to attract foreign direct investments as FDI will help to complement our domestic savings. Government should work on her potentially exportable commodities. The proceeds should be utilized in the importation of needed technical tools and components. Basic infrastructures like good roads, electricity supply and security must be seen to be adequate. This will help to reduce the drudgeries currently being faced by manufacturers. Efforts should be geared towards a reduction in exchange rate distortion, volatility and general mismanagement. Policy formulators in Nigeria need to enact some investor friendly policies that will encourage, promote and attract more capital inflows (Be it official or private inflows) and provide a conducive and enabling environment for gross fixed capital formation to thrive. There is need to play down on speculative businesses and to invest into the real sectors of the economy.

Published
2022
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7. In-hospital clinical complications of COVID-19: a brief overview

Author

Jemimah Nayar, Amos Lal, Mohammad Saud Khan, Kevin John John, Ajay Kumar Mishra, and Vijairam Selvaraj

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), complications, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, multicenter, virus, outcomes, Virology, mortality, Virus, Commentary, Medicine, hospital, business
Published
2021

8. An urgent call to raise the bar in oncology

Author

John-John B. Schnog, Rijk O. B. Gans, Michael J. Samson, and Ashley J. Duits

Subjects
Oncology, Value (ethics), Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost Control, RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Antineoplastic Agents, Drug development, ACCELERATED APPROVAL, Review Article, Medical Oncology, Drug Costs, Education, law.invention, METASTASIS-FREE SURVIVAL, Bias, Randomized controlled trial, DRUG APPROVALS, law, Cultural Evolution, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Health care, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Industry, Quality (business), BENEFIT, CONFLICTS-OF-INTEREST, Drug Approval, Pandemics, media_common, business.industry, Clinical study design, GENERATING COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE, COVID-19, Organizational Innovation, PROSTATE-CANCER, Clinical trial, CLINICAL END-POINTS, PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES, Research management, business
Abstract

Important breakthroughs in medical treatments have improved outcomes for patients suffering from several types of cancer. However, many oncological treatments approved by regulatory agencies are of low value and do not contribute significantly to cancer mortality reduction, but lead to unrealistic patient expectations and push even affluent societies to unsustainable health care costs. Several factors that contribute to approvals of low-value oncology treatments are addressed, including issues with clinical trials, bias in reporting, regulatory agency shortcomings and drug pricing. With the COVID-19 pandemic enforcing the elimination of low-value interventions in all fields of medicine, efforts should urgently be made by all involved in cancer care to select only high-value and sustainable interventions. Transformation of medical education, improvement in clinical trial design, quality, conduct and reporting, strict adherence to scientific norms by regulatory agencies and use of value-based scales can all contribute to raising the bar for oncology drug approvals and influence drug pricing and availability.

Published
2021
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9. Amlodipine-Induced Gingival Hyperplasia in a Young Male with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease

Author

Karthik Gunasekaran, Kevin John John, Ramya Iyyadurai, and Ajay Kumar Mishra

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Side effect, Stage 5 chronic kidney disease, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, 030231 tropical medicine, Case Report, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Prazosin, medicine, Renal replacement therapy, Amlodipine, Antihypertensive drug, business.industry, 030206 dentistry, Hyperplasia, medicine.disease, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, Nephrology, RC870-923, business, medicine.drug, Kidney disease
Abstract

Gingival hyperplasia is a rare finding in clinical practice. Nevertheless, when it occurs, it is a finding of great value as it can lead to definite clinical diagnosis. The present case is a 19-year-old male who was referred for further management of stage 5 chronic kidney disease. On evaluation, he was found to have gingival hyperplasia. He was evaluated for reversible causes of kidney disease, and since none were found, renal replacement therapy was advised. He had been taking amlodipine for blood pressure control. As this was presumed to be the cause of gingival hyperplasia, it was stopped and replaced by a combination of beta-blocker and prazosin. At six-month follow-up, he had complete resolution of gingival hyperplasia. Amlodipine as a cause of gingival hyperplasia is a rare occurrence. However, it is crucial to keep in mind such a possible side effect of this commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug.

Published
2020
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11. Predictors of mortality, strategies to reduce readmission, and economic impact of acute decompensated heart failure: Results of the Vellore Heart Failure Registry

Author

Karthik Gunasekaran, Ambily Nadaraj, L. Jayaseelan, K. Muruga Bharathy, Kevin John John, Faith Mariam, G.M. Chandy, J. Visalakshi, Nevin Joseph Nellimala, Anoop Mathew, Thambu David Sudarsanam, Vijay Prakash Turaka, J.V. Punitha, C Vignesh Kumar, Anisha Joy, and Maria Koshy

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute decompensated heart failure, RD1-811, India, Heart failure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Patient Readmission, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cost of Illness, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, medicine, Humans, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, Decompensation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Registries, Mortality, Stroke, Aged, business.industry, Stroke Volume, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Survival Rate, Pneumonia, RC666-701, Emergency medicine, Cohort, Acute Disease, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Observational study, Female, Original Article, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Cohort study, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Aim Heart failure is a global problem that is increasing in prevalence. We undertook the initiative to compile the Vellore Heart Failure Registry (VHFR) to assess the clinical profile, mortality, risk factors and economic burden of heart failure by conducting a prospective, observational, hospital-based cohort study in Vellore, Tamil Nadu. Methods and results This study was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at the Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, between January 2014 and December 2016. A total of 572 patients who satisfied the Boston criteria for “definite heart failure” were included and the primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The median duration of hospital stay was eight days and the in-hospital, one, three and six month mortalities were 13.25%, 27.3%, 32.53% and 38.15%, respectively. The median duration of survival was 921 days. Readmission for heart failure constituted 42%, and the most common cause of decompensation was an infection(31.5%). The presence of cyanosis at admission, history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, and American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) stage D at the time of discharge were independently associated with mortality at six months. The median total direct cost of admission was INR 84,881.00 ($ 1232.34) Conclusion The VHFR cohort had younger, more diabetic, and fewer hypertensive subjects than most cohorts. Admission for heart failure is a catastrophic health expenditure. Attempts should be made to ensure a reduction in readmission rates by targeting goal-directed therapy. As the most common cause of acute decompensation is pneumonia, vaccinating all patients before discharge may also help in this regard.

Published
2020

12. A Bio-Inspired Slip Detection and Reflex-Like Suppression Method for Robotic Manipulators

Author

Alcimar Barbosa Soares, Nitish V. Thakor, John-John Cabibihan, and Andrei Nakagawa-Silva

Subjects
robotics, business.industry, Computer science, 010401 analytical chemistry, Robot manipulator, Robotics, Slip (materials science), 01 natural sciences, tactile sensing, 0104 chemical sciences, body regions, Event-based, Control theory, slip detection, Control system, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, prosthetics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Instrumentation, Tactile sensor
Abstract

Robotic manipulators face significant challenges when handling objects of different sizes and shapes. Incorporating a sense of touch into these devices has the potential to improve performance and dexterity. In this paper, a bio-inspired approach is presented for slip detection and suppression during object manipulation. The method was inspired by the behavior of FA-I afferents located in the glabrous skin that encode sliding motion of objects over the skin. The proposed slip detection method encodes object motion captured by a slip sensor into spikes, following principles of neuromorphic sensing. The spikes are used as the feedback signal for an event-based closed-loop control system. The controller behaves in a reflex-like manner and actively engages the robotic fingers to increase grip force and suppress slip. A Dynamic Adaptive Threshold method was designed to improve slip detection for different surface properties of grasped objects. The performance of the method was evaluated following situations of dynamic slip caused by a sudden or gradual increase in object weight. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method. Slip events were suppressed before complete object slippage in 80% of all experimental trials. The response time ( Delta {\text {t}} < 85$ ms) was compatible with the time for grip force adjustments in humans. This paper explored event-based touch applicable to the problem of manipulation, which is less explored than event-based tactile perception and shows promising prospects for both robotics and prosthetics. - 2001-2012 IEEE. Scopus

Published
2019
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13. A case report of cardiac amyloidosis presenting with chronic pericardial effusion and conduction block

Author

Ajay Kumar Mishra, Kevin John John, and Ramya Iyyadurai

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Amyloid, medicine.diagnostic_test, Heart block, business.industry, Amyloidosis, Pericardial effusion, Case Reports, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiac amyloidosis, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, Biopsy, Case report, medicine, Complete heart block, Tamponade, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of abnormal proteins in the extracellular space of various organs. The clinical features of amyloidosis depend on the type of amyloid protein and the organ system involved. Case summary A 51-year-old woman developed complete heart block which warranted a permanent pacemaker insertion. She was referred for evaluation of chronic pericardial effusion. The patient had stable vital signs and muffled heart sounds on examination of the cardiovascular system. Her chest X-ray film showed a permanent pacemaker in situ, and echocardiogram showed a chronic pericardial effusion without features of tamponade. On further evaluation, she was found to have an M band on serum electrophoresis, elevated free light chain ratio and amyloid deposits in bone marrow biopsy. Technetium pyrophosphate (Tc-PYP) scintigraphy was consistent with cardiac amyloidosis. Discussion Cardiac amyloidosis can have diverse clinical presentations. Chronic pericardial effusion and conduction block can be a rare presentation of cardiac amyloidosis and needs to be considered while evaluating the same. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and Tc-PYP imaging can be used in establishing the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis, if endomyocardial biopsy is not feasible.

Published
2019

14. The Prevention and Treatment of Neural Arterial Gingival Simplex

Author

Cannon L Mark and Peldyak N John John

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Simplex, business.industry, medicine, 030206 dentistry, business
Abstract

Neural Arterial Gingival Simplex is a common systemic disease linked to an invasive periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis as the key initiator. Instead of considering separate pathologic conditions as separate diseases, the health community should view this disease as a single entity, to diagnose and treat accordingly. We discuss the evidence for this hypothesis and the need for definitive research. A strategy to maintain a healthy, resilient microbiome with adjunctive support by probiotics and polyols is warranted. Newer diagnostic and monitoring technologies along with many possible therapeutic agents and protocols are readily available to prevent and treat Neural Arterial Gingival Simplex.

Published
2019
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15. Postoperative critical care and high-acuity care provision in the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand

Author

Swarna Baskar Sharma, Mansoor Sange, Michael Girgis, Joanne Humphreys, Vishal Patil, Nick Greenwood, Sai Tim Yam, Santhana Kannan, Marc Slorach, Julian Giles, Suman Shrestha, Philippa Marshall, Vinanti Cherian Mcivor, Moore Joanna, Elizabeth Thomas, Stuart M. White, James Hanison, Suhail Zaidi, Andrew Burtenshaw, Douglas Campbell, Jaya Nariani, Ross Freebairn, Omar Alex Pemberton, Davina Ross-Anderson, Lisa M. Barneto, Shabir Qadri, Giles Bond-Smith, Pallavi Kumar, Khaled Razouk, M. Amir Rafi, Dermot Moloney, Ashok Raj, Kirtida Mukherjee, Vasheya Naidoo, Sonia Sathe, Jason Cupitt, Priya Shanmuganathan, Andrew Brammar, David Saunders, Anna Batchelor, James R. Anderson, Hew D.T. Torrance, Catriona Barr, Helen Melsom, Adrian Taylor, Jon Bramall, Sumant Shanbhag, Jenny Ritzema, Winston Cheung, Alexandra Frankpitt, David Shan, Killian McCourt, Chiraag Talati, Richard Kennedy, Ravishankar Jakkala Saibaba, Abigail Hine, Cathryn Matthews, Christian Frey, Laurin Allen, Gary Minto, Thomas Fitzgerald, James Bain, Dominik Teisseyre, Stephen Hill, M. Dickinson, Subhamay Ghosh, J.A. Ezihe-Ejiofor, Vincent Hamlyn, Karuna Kotur, Joyce Yeung, Helen Roberts, Johann Harten, Stefan Schraag, Jonathan Aldridge, Alexander Garden, Carol McArthur, Louis Guy, John Orr, Tom Pettigrew, Atideb Mitra, Cindy Persad, Abhinav Kant, Robin Alston, Nicolas Price, Sarang Puranik, Jacqueline Howes, Ritoo Kapoor, Peter Knowlden, Mai Wakatsuki, Charles Allen, Deepa Jumani, Mark MacGregor, Prashant Kakodkar, Dhir Bhattacharya, Valerie J. Page, Narendra Siddaiah, Dick Ongley, Vandana Goel, Sibtain Anwar, Bronwyn Posselt, Rebecca Sutton, David Scott, Danny J.N. Wong, Austin Rattray, Paul S. Myles, Mrutyunjaya Rao Rambhatla, Richard Dobson, Kathryn Jenkins, Tim J. Smith, Helen Bromhead, Zhana Ignatova, Katheryn Fogg, Lynne Williams, Sanjeev Garg, Nikhil Patel, Gary Lau, Sock Huang Koh, Stephen Merron, David Robinson, Nagendra Natarajan, Seema Charters, Mark Welch, Laura Farmer, Simon Young, Susan Kirby, Madhushankar Balasubramaniam, Robert Wonders, Paul Glyn Jones, Satyanarayana Jakkampudi, Mizan Khondoker, Paul Rowe, Andrew Jones, Monica Diczbalis, Manju Agarwal, Andrew Robinson, Emert White, Catherine Hunter, Stephen T. Webb, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Jenny Henry, Catriona Ferguson, Manish Kakkar, Waisun Kok, Colin Williams, Vijayakumar Gopal, Vidhya Nagaratnam, Shafi Ahmed, Melinda Same, Doug Campbell, Stuart P. D. Gill, Scott Popham, Gabor Debreceni, Dancho Ignatov, D. L. Williams, I.J. Wrench, Andrew Claxton, Eleanor Ford, Shondipon Laha, Laurie Dwyer, Christopher Littler, Stephan Clements, David Gillespie, Ceri Lynch, Lillian Coventry, Paul Clements, Paul Foley, Claire Ireland, Vikramjit Singh, M. H. Nathanson, R. Jonathan T. Wilson, Shilpa Rawat, Pieter Bothma, David Pritchard, Victor Birioukov, Robert Campbell, Brien Hennessy, Stephanie Bell, Robert Smith, Muhammad Usman Latif, Nicolas Hooker, Anand Kulkarni, Chelsea Hicks, Steve Harris, Caroline Reavley, Claire Botfield, Christopher Nutt, Andrew Gorman, Peter J O'Brien, Murray Geddes, Carlos Kidel, Samar Al-Rawi, atyas Andorka, John John, Stephen Washington, Peter Csabi, Anil Hormis, Emily Dana, Sharon Hilton-Christie, Brian Spain, Suganthi Joachim, Richard Partridge, Tony Miller-Greenman, Andrew Marshall Wilson, Samuel Perrin, Carol Bradbury, Christopher Goddard, Paul Cooper, Simon Williams, Iain K. Moppett, Han Truong, Stephen J. Brett, Robert Orme, Alexandra Matson, Michael P.W. Grocott, Sunita Agarwal, Jonathan Chambers, Georgina Prassas, Rachel Markham, Kevin Hamilton, Jane Wright, Julian Sonksen, Robert Spencer, James Limb, Tehal Kooner, James Tozer, Sujesh Bansal, Fiona Graham, Suresh Singaravelu, Adrienne Stewart, Sophie Gormack, Buzz Shephard, Julian Berry, Nick Spittle, Philip Blackie, Richard Stewart, R. Sneyd, Laura Kwan, Ben Chandler, Helen Lindsay, Wendy Lum Hee, Vivien Edwards, David Highton, Helen A. Lindsay, Tendai Ramhewa, Daphne Varveris, Liam McLoughlin, Duncan Brown, Justin Woods, Annabelle Whapples, Jonathan Panckhurst, Garry Henry, Kate Campbell, Jeremy Henning, Stephanie Sim, Baigel Gary, Nam Le, Joellene Mitchell, Laura Tasker, Geoff Wright, Con Papageorgiou, Simon Whiteley, Richard Pugh, Joel Matthews, Suneetha Ramani Moonesinghe, Andrew M. Wilson, Sandeep Varma, Chris Hargreaves, Malcolm Gunning, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Richard Shawyer, N. M. Wharton, Janette Moss, Gurunath Hosdurga, Catherine Plowright, Jane Montgomery, Stuart McLellan, Emma Gent, Patrick Dill-Russell, James Craig, Nirav Shah, Julius Dale-Gandar, Geoff Thorning, Lawrence Wilson, Roddy Chapman, Andrew Gratrix, Kate Bailey, Sunil kumar Chaurasia, Sophie Wallace, Rob Dawson, Richard Siviter, Christine Range, Helen McNamara, Tim Cook, Khong Tan, Michael Brett, Alan Kakos, Samuel Armanious, Liana Zucco, Sam Clark, Laura Troth, Rajeev Jha, Michael Weisz, James Pennington, Chris Bowden, Jeremy Drake, David Rogerson, Ritesh Maharaj, Alison Jackson, Sophie van Oudenaaren, Rohit Juneja, and Naomi Goodwin

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Critical Care, Population, Staffing, Care provision, Patient safety, Postoperative Complications, medicine, Per capita, Humans, education, Postoperative Care, Response rate (survey), education.field_of_study, Tertiary Healthcare, business.industry, Australia, Health services research, Emergency department, United Kingdom, Intensive Care Units, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hospital Bed Capacity, Health Care Surveys, Emergency medicine, Health Services Research, business, New Zealand
Abstract

Background Decisions to admit high-risk postoperative patients to critical care may be affected by resource availability. We aimed to quantify adult ICU/high-dependency unit (ICU/HDU) capacity in hospitals from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand (NZ), and to identify and describe additional ‘high-acuity' beds capable of managing high-risk patients outside the ICU/HDU environment. Methods We used a modified Delphi consensus method to design a survey that was disseminated via investigator networks in the UK, Australia, and NZ. Hospital- and ward-level data were collected, including bed numbers, tertiary services offered, presence of an emergency department, ward staffing levels, and the availability of critical care facilities. Results We received responses from 257 UK (response rate: 97.7%), 35 Australian (response rate: 32.7%), and 17 NZ (response rate: 94.4%) hospitals (total 309). Of these hospitals, 91.6% reported on-site ICU or HDU facilities. UK hospitals reported fewer critical care beds per 100 hospital beds (median=2.7) compared with Australia (median=3.7) and NZ (median=3.5). Additionally, 31.1% of hospitals reported having high-acuity beds to which high-risk patients were admitted for postoperative management, in addition to standard ICU/HDU facilities. The estimated numbers of critical care beds per 100 000 population were 9.3, 14.1, and 9.1 in the UK, Australia, and NZ, respectively. The estimated per capita high-acuity bed capacities per 100 000 population were 1.2, 3.8, and 6.4 in the UK, Australia, and NZ, respectively. Conclusions Postoperative critical care resources differ in the UK, Australia, and NZ. High-acuity beds may have developed to augment the capacity to deliver postoperative critical care.

Published
2019
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16. THE FUTURE OF TELEMEDICINE IN MODERN HEALTHCARE

Author

Mrs. Merlin Samuel John john

Subjects
Telemedicine, business.industry, Health care, medicine, Medical emergency, business, medicine.disease
Abstract

The COVID-19 has brought a tremulous shift in healthcare delivery. Since February 2020, telemedicine grew from 1% of the primary care visit to nearly 43.5% in April 2020. The report published in 2020 by Telemedicon, revealed that non-metro cities recorded a growth of 7X in online consultations as compared to last year and started adopting an online mode of consultations amid the pandemic in metro to non-metro is 60:40 in 2020, as compared to 75:25 in 2019. This rapid growth presents telemedicine as the next frontier in healthcare. Digital and communication technologies have revolutionized the delivery of healthcare services. Telehealth is set to change the future of healthcare and remove many of the obstacles and challenges the patients and the industry face. Patients are rapidly transitioning to telehealth, 76% responded to the survey that they want to use telehealth going forward. Benefits of Telemedicine include convenience, access to care, better patient outcomes, a more efficient healthcare system, fewer hospital admissions, and fewer hospital re-admissions. With telemedicine’s current trajectory and rapid adoption rate, it has the potential to disrupt and redefine the way health systems operate, deliver care, manage costs, setting the stage for a vastly different healthcare experience in the future. The widespread use of telemedicine helps to push the industry to make better platforms that can cooperate and communicate. Telemedicine is an effective way to alleviate the congestion of hospitals, improve the utilization of medical resources, and also a powerful tool that makes healthcare accessible, cost-effective, and significantly enhances patient engagement. Key Words: Telemedicine, Telemedicine, healthcare, patient engagement.

Published
2021
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17. Lumateperone tosylate, A Selective and Concurrent Modulator of Serotonin, Dopamine, and Glutamate, in the Treatment of Schizophrenia

Author

Elyse M. Cornett, Kunal Maini, John John LaForge, Alan D. Kaye, Amber N. Edinoff, Janice W. Hollier, Adam M. Kaye, Victoria Bollich, and Haley Gould

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Mental illness, Mental health, Antipsychotic Agent, Schizophrenia, medicine, Lumateperone, medicine.symptom, Psychiatry, Antipsychotic, business, Adverse effect, Somnolence
Abstract

Purpose of Review This is a comprehensive review of the literature regarding the use of Lumateperone tosylate for schizophrenia. This review presents the background, evidence, and indications for the use of lumateperone tosylate in the treatment of schizophrenia. Recent Findings Schizophrenia is a chronic mental health disorder that affects approximately 3.3 million people in the United States. Its symptoms, which must be present more than six months, are comprised of disorganized behavior and speech, a diminished capacity to comprehend reality, hearing voices unheard by others, seeing things unseen by others, delusions, decreased social commitment, and decreased motivation. The majority of these symptoms can be managed with antipsychotic medication. Lumateperone is a selective and concurrent modulator of serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate, which all mediate or modulate serious mental illness. Summary Schizophrenia is a complex, severe mental illness that affects how the brain processes information. There are many medications used to treat schizophrenia. One antipsychotic agent, lumateperone tosylate, is a newer agent that the FDA recently approved. The most common adverse effects are shown to be mild such as somnolence, constipation, sedation, and fatigue, with the 42 mg recommended dose. Lumateperone tosylate is an FDA-approved drug that can be given only at the 42mg dose once daily with no titration requirements.

Published
2021

18. Endocrinological abnormalities and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy

Author

Kevin John John, Vijairam Selvaraj, Anu Anna George, and Ajay Kumar Mishra

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Takotsubo syndrome, Cardiomyopathy, business.industry, lcsh:R, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms, lcsh:Medicine, Pheochromocytoma, medicine.disease, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, medicine, Humans, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Takotsubo
Abstract

Dear Editor, We read with much excitement in the article “Takotsubo syndrome and pheochromocytoma: an insidious combination” published by Maffé et al. in your esteemed journal...

Published
2021

19. A review of the presentation and outcome of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in COVID-19

Author

Ajay Kumar Mishra, Kevin John John, and Amos Lal

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiomyopathy, lcsh:Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Chest pain, Cardiac dysfunction, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pandemics, Aged, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, lcsh:R, COVID-19, Mean age, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Echocardiography, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, Cardiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Presentation (obstetrics), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Although the most frequent presentation of the novel Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory syndrome, cardiac involvement is being increasingly recognized. One such entity is takotsubo cardiomyopathy. We sought to review the various cases of takotsubo cardiomyopathy reported during the COVID-19 pandemic and consolidate the information available on its clinical features, evaluation and treatment. We performed a PubMed search using the MeSH terms “Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy” or “Stress Cardiomyopathy” and “COVID-19”, and identified 16 case reports, two case series, and one retrospective cohort study. There was a total of 24 reported patients with COVID-19 infection, who developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and two patients without COVID-19 who developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to the emotional stress associated with the global pandemic. The mean age of the patients was 67.19 years (SD 15.83) and 16(59.3%) were women. Chest pain was reported in only ten patients (38.46 %) and ST-elevation was seen in 11 patients (42.3%). While most patients had typical takotsubo cardiomyopathy, four patients had inverted(reverse) takotsubo cardiomyopathy, two had bi-ventricular involvement, one had median takotsubo and another had global takotsubo with apical sparing variant. Most patients had a positive outcome with complete or near-complete reversal of cardiac dysfunction at the time of discharge. Five deaths (19.23%) were reported. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare, but increasingly reported reversible cardiomyopathy that can be seen in patients with COVID-19 infection and the diagnosis must be actively sought for in these patients.

Published
2021
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20. Clinical considerations for critically ill COVID-19 cancer patients: A systematic review

Author

Ajay Kumar Mishra, Chidambaram Ramasamy, Kevin John John, and Amos Lal

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Systematic Reviews, Pandemic, business.industry, Population, Organ dysfunction, Cancer, COVID-19, General Medicine, Malignancy, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Critical care, Respiratory failure, Intensive care, Health care, medicine, medicine.symptom, Mortality, Intensive care medicine, education, business
Abstract

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, had declared the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic. The COVID-19 infection continues to be a pandemic and is currently causing overwhelming challenges to healthcare across the nations. Cancer patients represent a unique population vulnerable to COVID-19 infection due to their advanced age, intrinsic frailty, medical comorbidities, immunosuppression, and frequent health care visits for their underlying disease. Robust analysis of COVID-19 infection among cancer patients is crucial to aid in the optimal management of these patients. Aim To identify contributors of worse outcomes in patients with malignancy and COVID-19 and to describe the role of critical care. Methods In this review, we summarized the information from seminal articles on the presentation and management of patients with COVID-19 and malignancy that were published before December 10, 2020. We searched the Pub Med and Medline database for "COVID-19" and "Cancer", "Malignancy". Studies published in English, including adults with malignancy and COVID-19 infection, were eligible to be included in this review. Studies on patients that provided details on malignancy, clinical presentation, management, and outcome were included. Various details of malignancy that were included are the site of cancer, histopathological type, stage, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Details of COVID-19 infection that were obtained are clinical presentation, the modality of testing, imaging, management, and outcome. Critical care details that were obtained were the type of the organ dysfunction and the requirement of organ support measures, requirement of noninvasive, invasive ventilation, management of vasopressor support, and outcome. Articles that did not have patient details, opinions, letters, and articles not published in English were excluded. All articles were reviewed by 2 independent clinicians. Articles were screened for the above terminologies by independent clinicians. Results We identified two thousand one hundred eighty-six articles, among which fifty-five were studies that had included patient details pertaining to COVID-19 and cancer (Figure 1). Among these, eighteen studies were eligible and were included in this review as shown in Table 1. A total of 5199 cancer patients were reported. The mean age of patients across all the studies was 64.3 years with male predominance was noted in 12 studies. The clinical presentation and diagnosis of these patients were similar to the general population. Most commonly reported malignancies with COVID-19 infection were hematological in 44% of patients, followed by thoracic malignancy in 11% of patients. The mean number of cancer patients with COVID-19 requiring critical care was 16%. The mean mortality reported was 27.4%. Among the studies that reported the presence of organ dysfunction, respiratory failure was reported in 52% of patients, of which 11.7% required mechanical ventilation. 72% of COVID-19 cancer patients required hospitalization across all the studies. The factors which are associated with the worse outcome from COVID-19 infections among the cancer patients were male gender, age ≥ 65 years, presence of higher comorbidity burden based on Charlson comorbidity index and cumulative illness reporting scale > 6, and smoking history. Conclusion The majority of the cancer patients required intensive care due to respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilation. Appropriate contingency planning for these patients in terms of goals of care and judicious resource allocation in the resource-poor regions is the key. The factors associated with worse outcomes from COVID-19 infections were independent of oncological features such as tumor stage, disease status, or current provision of active anticancer therapy and it could be continued with caution.

Published
2021

22. Management Guidelines for Infection After ACL Reconstruction: Expert Opinion Statement Based on the Modified Delphi Survey of Indian Arthroscopy Surgeons

Author

Palanivel Rajan, K. Raghuveer Reddy, Clement Joseph, Sachin Tapasvi, S. R. Sundararajan, Parag Sancheti, David V. Rajan, Prateek K. Gupta, John John, Santhosh Sahanand, Prakash Ayyadurai, Vinod Kumar, Ashish Devgan, Schiller Jos, Nishith V. Shah, P. Gopinathan, V. B. Bhasin, Arun Gupta, Somasundar Ashok, Ravi Mittal, Dinshaw N. Pardiwala, Skand Sinha, Ravi Gupta, Arumugam Sivaraman, Nicholas Antao, Vivek Pandey, Manabendra Nath Basumallick, Paresh Chandra Dey, Deepak Chaudhary, I. Geethan, Raju Easwaran, and J. C. Maheshwari

Subjects
030222 orthopedics, medicine.medical_specialty, Debridement, Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, General surgery, Risk of infection, Anterior cruciate ligament, Arthroscopy, Delphi method, 030229 sport sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, surgical procedures, operative, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Orthopedic surgery, medicine, Infection control, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Original Article, business
Abstract

AIM: Infection after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, though rare, is a potentially devastating complication and the evidence-based recommendation on the various topics in its management is limited. The purpose of this study was to develop recommendations for the prevention and management of infections in ACL reconstruction surgery by performing a structured expert consensus survey using Delphi methodology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 22 topics of relevance in the prevention and management of infection following ACL reconstruction were chosen from an extensive literature review. 30 panelists were requested to respond to a three-round survey, with feedback, to develop a consensus statement on the topics. RESULTS: Consensus statements could be prepared in eleven out of twenty-two topics including: the graft is retained at the first arthroscopic debridement, the graft is removed when repeated debridement are needed, and revision ACL reconstruction is needed only if the patient develops instability. Concurrence could be obtained in the topics including: longer duration of antibiotics is needed in immunocompromised patients, soaking graft in antibiotic solution reduces infection risk, and knee swelling without warmth does not suggest infection. CONCLUSIONS: A proper skin preparation, a longer course of antibiotics in immunocompromised patients, and soaking the graft in antibiotics reduces the risk of infection. In case of infection, a healthy-looking graft must be retained at the first debridement and if the graft must be removed, revision ACL reconstruction is advised only if the patient develops instability. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-021-00363-z.

Published
2020

23. Development of In-Situ Sensors for CO2 to Fuel Process

Author

Aboubakr M. Abdullah, John-John Cabibihan, Omar Shehata, Karthik Kannan, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, and Mohammad Talal Houkan

Subjects
In situ, business.industry, Scientific method, CO2 Conversion, Colorimetric Sensors, Atomization Sensors, Environmental science, Process engineering, business
Abstract

Conversion of CO2 into fuel is an interesting and promising field. However, the conversion yield is hard to measure during the conversion process. Here, we have developed two techniques to measure the amount of CO2 while the reaction is taking place. First method is colorimetry, where a chemical is added to the solution, and it changes color depending on the resulting product. The second method is the atomization of the resulting solution. Thereafter, the results were measured by a gas sensor. The prepared sensors are cost effective and portable to use.

Published
2020
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24. Micturition syncope: a rare presentation of bladder paraganglioma

Author

Kevin John John, Sultan Nawahirsha, Neethu Sunil, and Ramya Iyyadurai

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Adrenal disorder, Urinary system, media_common.quotation_subject, Urinary Bladder, 030232 urology & nephrology, Micturition syncope, Urination, Unusual Association of Diseases/Symptoms, Cystectomy, Syncope, Paraganglioma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Palpitations, Humans, media_common, Aged, Ultrasonography, Urinary bladder, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Surgery, Normetanephrine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Bladder Paraganglioma
Abstract

A 68-year-old woman presented with episodes of headache, palpitations, sweating and poorly controlled hypertension for the past 6 years. These symptoms were, at times, associated with micturition, and there were few episodes of micturition syncope as well. She had elevated 24-hour urinary normetanephrine and was found to have a paraganglioma arising from the urinary bladder infiltrating the sigmoid colon. She underwent laparotomy with excision of the bladder paraganglioma, following which her symptoms subsided. Paragangliomas are extra-adrenal catecholamine-producing tumours. Bladder paragangliomas need to be considered when evaluating hypertensive patients with headache, palpitations or syncope related to micturition.

Published
2020

25. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with an update on cholesterol management

Author

Anju John John velvet, Matthew J. Daniels, Bernard Clarke, Handrean Soran, Manish Motwani, and F Ordoubadi

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, omcrep/700, Case Report, Familial hypercholesterolemia, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Microbiology, Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, omcrep/200, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Cholesterol, business.industry, Proprotein convertase, medicine.disease, Lomitapide, Infectious Diseases, Endocrinology, chemistry, LDL receptor, biology.protein, Kexin, Parasitology, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), business, AcademicSubjects/MED00010, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant condition that increases the risk of premature cardiovascular disease. Despite advances in treatment, it remains under detected and under treated. As an inherited condition, it poses a risk to the patient and family members. Most cases are due to defective low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) activity. Heterozygous mutations are common (1:250–1:300). Homozygous FH is very rare (2–3 in a million), with higher circulating cholesterol levels and a poorer cardiovascular prognosis. We present the management of a case of homozygous hypercholesterolemia due to homozygous LDLR mutation. The patient subsequently developed severe coronary artery and aortic valve disease despite aggressive lipid-lowering therapy. We review advanced lipid management options that include lipoprotein apheresis, Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 inhibition, and the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor lomitapide.

Published
2020
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26. 2D-MXene as an additive to improve the power conversion efficiency of monolithic perovskite solar cells

Author

Arti Mishra, Muni Raj Maurya, D. N. Prasad, Zubair Ahmad, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Satish Bykkam, and John-John Cabibihan

Subjects
Diffraction, Materials science, business.industry, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Mechanical Engineering, Energy conversion efficiency, Condensed Matter Physics, Characterization (materials science), symbols.namesake, Mechanics of Materials, symbols, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, business, Raman spectroscopy, Perovskite (structure)
Abstract

In this study, two-dimensional (2D) material-MXene has been utilized as an additive in perovskite (MAPbI3) from 0 to 20 vol% with an increment of 5 vol%. The effect of different vol.% of 2D-MXene on monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs) has been investigated in detail through various characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The best device, perovskite with 5 vol% 2D-MXene has shown a 13.62% power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to the perovskite without 2D-MXene PCE of 11.35%.

Published
2022
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27. Corticosteroids and rehabilitation in COVID-19 survivors

Author

Jamal Akhtar, Ajay Kumar Mishra, Kevin John John, and Amos Lal

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Medicine (General), Rehabilitation, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), MEDLINE, General Medicine, R5-920, medicine, business, Intensive care medicine
Published
2021

28. Getting Acquainted for a Long-Term Child-Robot Interaction

Author

Ligthart, Mike, Neerincx, Mark A., Hindriks, Koen V., Salichs, Miguel A., Ge, Shuzhi Sam, Barakova, Emilia Ivanova, Cabibihan, John-John, Wagner, Alan R., Castro-González, Álvaro, He, Hongsheng, Salichs, Miguel A., Ge, Shuzhi Sam, Barakova, Emilia Ivanova, Cabibihan, John-John, Wagner, Alan R., Castro-González, Álvaro, He, Hongsheng, Artificial intelligence, Network Institute, Artificial Intelligence (section level), and Social AI

Subjects
Getting acquainted, Social robot, Bonding, business.industry, Computer science, Robotics, 06 humanities and the arts, 02 engineering and technology, Machine design, 0603 philosophy, ethics and religion, Term (time), Interaction design pattern, Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Pediatric oncology, Child-robot interaction, Robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 060301 applied ethics, Artificial intelligence, business, Behavior-based robotics
Abstract

We are developing a social robot that should autonomously interact long-term with pediatric oncology patients. The child and the robot need to get acquainted with one another before a long-term interaction can take place. We designed five interaction design patterns and two sets of robot behaviors to structure a getting acquainted interaction. We discuss the results of a user study (N = 75, 8–11 y.o.) evaluating these patterns and robot behaviors. Specifically, we are exploring whether the children successfully got acquainted with the robot and to what extent the children bonded with the robot. Results show that children effectively picked up how to talk to the robot. This is important, because the better the performance the more comfortable the children are, the more socially attractive the robot is, and the more intimate the conversation gets. The evaluation furthermore revealed that it is important for children, in order to get familiar with the robot, to have shared interests with the robot. Finally, most children did initiate a bond with the robot.

Published
2019
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31. Clinical and Immunological Profile of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease and a Comparison of Four Diagnostic Criteria

Author

Kevin John John, Karthik Gunasekaran, Thambu David Sudarsanam, Nirmal Raj Francis, Ebenezer Rajadurai, Tina George, and Mohammad Sadiq

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, business.industry, Immunology, Mean age, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, medicine.disease, Polymyositis, Gastroenterology, Scleroderma, Mixed connective tissue disease, Rheumatology, RC925-935, Internal medicine, Clinical diagnosis, medicine, business, Organ system, Research Article
Abstract

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) was initially described as a chronic immune-mediated disease with overlapping features of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and polymyositis. We conducted a cross-sectional study to describe the clinical and immunological profile of patients with MCTD and to compare the four diagnostic criteria, namely, Sharp, Kasukawa, Alarcón-Segovia, and Khan criteria. A total of 291 patients who were admitted from June 2007 to June 2017 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. A clinical diagnosis of MCTD was made in 111 patients, of whom 103 (92.8%) were women. The mean age at presentation was 39.3 years (SD±11.6). The most common organ systems that were involved were musculoskeletal system (95.5%), skin and mucosa (78.4%), and the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary systems (56%). The maximum sensitivity was for the Kasukawa criteria with a sensitivity of 77.5% (95% CI 68.4-84.6) and specificity of 92.2% (95% CI 87-95.5). The Kahn criteria and Alarcón-Segovia criteria had the maximum specificity; the Alarcón-Segovia criteria had a sensitivity of 69.4% (95% CI 59.8-77.6) and a specificity of 99.4% (95% CI 96.5-99.9), while the Kahn criteria had a sensitivity of 52.3% (95% CI 42.6-61.7) and a specificity of 99.4% (95% CI 96.5-99.9). The sensitivity and specificity of Sharp criteria were 57.7% (95% CI 47.9-66.87) and 90% (95% CI 84.4-93.8), respectively.

Published
2020
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33. Cutaneous Botryomycosis of the Foot: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Author

Ramya Iyyadurai, Kevin John John, Thomas Alex Kodiatte, and Karthik Gunasekaran

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Staphylococcus aureus, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Microbiological culture, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, lcsh:QR1-502, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Visceral disease, Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous), Deep tissue, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Mycetoma, General Immunology and Microbiology, Botyromycosis, cutaneous, business.industry, medicine.disease, Botryomycosis, Infectious Diseases, Cutaneous botryomycosis, business, Foot (unit)
Abstract

Botryomycosis is a chronic bacterial infection that manifests clinically as tumours or plaques that are often ulcerated and have discharging sinuses draining small white-coloured granules. Therefore, they closely mimic mycetoma or other fungal infections. It is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It can present as cutaneous or visceral disease. The cutaneous form can invade deep tissue leading to extensive destruction and disfigurement. A 31-year-old female presented with progressive swelling of her right foot over a period of 8 years. She had a disfigured right foot with multiple sinuses discharging pus. X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging of the foot showed invasion and destruction of the deep layers of the foot including the bone. Deep biopsy from the foot showed an abscess cavity with Gram-positive cocci within and bacterial culture grew S. aureus establishing the diagnosis of botryomycosis. Botryomycosis is a rare presentation of a common pathogen and needs to be considered while evaluating a chronic invasive subcutaneous infection.

Published
2018
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34. Cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis presenting with hydrocephalus in a patient with advanced HIV infection

Author

Kevin John John, Karthik Gunasekaran, N. Sultan, and Ramya Iyyadurai

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Case Report, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, ventriculoencephalitis, medicine, Ventriculitis, ventriculitis, 030212 general & internal medicine, cytomegalovirus, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, human immunodeficiency virus, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Valganciclovir, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, medicine.disease, Hydrocephalus, Infectious Diseases, Vomiting, Parasitology, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug, External ventricular drain
Abstract

A 38-year-old lady with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented to the emergency department with headache, vomiting and fluctuating alertness for 3 weeks. On examination, she had tachycardia, bilateral papilledema, restriction of upward gaze, gaze-evoked nystagmus and signs of meningeal irritation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed hydrocephalus and periventricular high T2-signal regions with restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging. Polymerase chain reaction done on the cerebrospinal fluid obtained after the insertion of an external ventricular drain was positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV). She was treated with intravenous ganciclovir followed by oral valganciclovir with which she made a dramatic recovery. CMV ventriculoencephalitis can present with hydrocephalus in HIV-infected individuals. A high index of suspicion must be maintained to diagnose this disease and start appropriate therapy on time.

Published
2019

35. Design and Analysis of Flexible Joints for a Robust 3D Printed Prosthetic Hand

Author

Elsadig Mahdi, John-John Cabibihan, and Farah Alkhatib

Subjects
030506 rehabilitation, 3d printed, Flexibility (anatomy), Computer science, medicine.medical_treatment, Joint Prosthesis, Finite Element Analysis, Mechanical engineering, 3D printing, Joint prosthesis, Artificial Limbs, Prosthesis Design, 01 natural sciences, Prosthesis, Fingers, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Prosthetic hand, Material type, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Robotics| Robotic arms| Twisted string, 0104 chemical sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Printing, Three-Dimensional, Stress, Mechanical, 0305 other medical science, business, Limb loss
Abstract

In war-affected regions in the world, limb loss is one of the leading injuries. The need for low-cost, low-maintenance prostheses arises. The rapid developments in 3D printing allows us to investigate robotic or prosthetic hand designs that can satisfy those basic requirements. 3D printed prosthetic hands are more affordable and lightweight alternatives for prostheses. In this paper, we investigate the flexibility of different designs of the soft joints of a low-cost 3D printed prosthetic hand with respect to the material type. We designed flexible joints from elastomeric materials instead of plastic joints. This modification can make the current 3D printed prosthesis designs more robust. As a drawback from these flexible joints, the prosthetic hand will not be in a full open palm position in its initial state, as compared to typical designs. We then converted this drawback to a beneficial feature by calculating the angles of the natural pose of the human hands and transfer those angles to the prosthetic hands with flexible joints. This work has implications in the design of 3D printed prosthetic hands that can be deployed for war-wounded refugees or for those in low-resource countries. - 2019 IEEE. The work is supported by a research grant from Qatar University under the grant no. QUCG-CENG-2018/2019-3. The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. Scopus

Published
2019

37. Henoch-Schonlein purpura associated with HLA-B27 positive axial spondyloarthritis in a young man

Author

Mohammad Sadiq, Meera Thomas, Kevin John John, and Vijay Prakash Turaka

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, IgA Vasculitis, Unusual Association of Diseases/Symptoms, Dactylitis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Spondylarthritis, medicine, Humans, Sacroiliitis, Cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis, HLA-B27 Antigen, Palpable purpura, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Oligoarthritis, business.industry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Enthesitis, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Abdominal Pain, Sulfasalazine, Methotrexate, Antirheumatic Agents, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, business, Vasculitis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Axial spondyloarthropathies are characterised by bilateral sacroiliitis, asymmetric oligoarthritis, association with the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, enthesitis and dactylitis. Although IgA nephropathy has a well-documented association with seronegative spondyloarthropathies, the association with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) has been documented only in few case reports. The present case is that of a 26-year-old man who presented with fever, lower limb arthritis, abdominal pain, palpable purpura over the buttocks and lower limbs, and clinical features of sacroiliitis. His blood tests showed elevated inflammatory markers and rheumatoid factor was negative. CT scan of the sacroiliac joints confirmed sacroiliitis. Skin biopsy revealed neutrophilic small vessel vasculitis. HLA-B27 was positive in blood. A diagnosis of HSP with HLA-B27 positive axial spondyloarthritis was made. HSP can be associated with HLA-B27 positive axial spondyloarthritis and has to be considered while evaluating for causes of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis in such patients.

Published
2019

38. A Comparative Study between Polymer and Metal Additive Manufacturing Approaches in Investigating Stiffened Hexagonal Cells

Author

Elsadig Mahdi, Samahat Samim, John-John Cabibihan, and Othman Laban

Subjects
effective method, direct metal laser sintering, Fabrication, Materials science, 3D printing, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, lcsh:Technology, Article, additive manufacturing, crashworthiness, energy absorption, fused deposition modeling, 0201 civil engineering, law.invention, Metal, law, Deposition (phase transition), General Materials Science, Composite material, lcsh:Microscopy, lcsh:QC120-168.85, chemistry.chemical_classification, lcsh:QH201-278.5, Fused deposition modeling, lcsh:T, business.industry, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Direct metal laser sintering, chemistry, lcsh:TA1-2040, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Crashworthiness, lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), 0210 nano-technology, business, lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract

Recent polymer and metal additive manufacturing technologies were proven capable of building complex structures with high accuracy. Although their final products differ significantly in terms of mechanical properties and building cost, many structural optimization studies were performed with either one without systematic justification. Therefore, this study investigated whether the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) methodologies can provide similar conclusions when performing geometrical manipulations for optimizing structural crashworthiness. Two identical sets of four shapes of stiffened hexagonal cells were built and crushed under quasi-static loading. The results were compared in terms of collapsing behavior, load-carrying performance, and energy-absorption capability. Although the observed failure modes were different since the base-materials differ, similar improvement trends in performance were observed between both fabrication approaches. Therefore, FDM was recommended as a fabrication method to optimize thin-walled cellular hexagonal parameters since it was 80% more time-efficient and 53.6% cheaper than the DMLS technique.

Published
2021
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39. Enhanced recovery protocol and hidden blood loss in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

Author

Rathan Yarlagadda, Rohit Dhawan, Niall M. Graham, John John, and Harshadkumar Rajgor

Subjects
total knee arthroplasty, medicine.medical_specialty, mesh:replacement, medicine.medical_treatment, Total knee arthroplasty, knee, mesh:blood loss, Body weight, replacement, 03 medical and health sciences, hidden blood loss, 0302 clinical medicine, Blood loss, Enhanced recovery, surgical, lcsh:Orthopedic surgery, 030202 anesthesiology, mesh:surgical, medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, In patient, blood loss, total knee arthroplasty MeSH terms: Arthroplasty, 030222 orthopedics, business.industry, Arthroplasty, Surgery, mesh:Arthroplasty, lcsh:RD701-811, mesh:knee, Orthopedic surgery, Original Article, business, Hospital stay, Enhanced recovery programme
Abstract

Background: Perioperative blood loss and postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty prevent early mobilisation of patients. The Enhanced Recovery Protocol (ERP) followed for patients in our institute aims at reducing post operative pain, blood loss and length of stay. Materials and Methods: 50 consecutive patients that underwent ERP following total knee arthroplasty with another group of 70 patients that underwent the same surgery without ERP were compared in terms of hidden blood loss and length of hospital stay. Hidden blood loss was calculated according to previously described method. Results: Reduction in blood loss was found in both males (305 ml) and females (150 ml) following ERP. Length of stay reduced by 1.5 days in both genders. Regression analysis showed a significant correlation between body weight and blood loss in females. Conclusion: Enhanced recovery protocol could be a useful tool to reduce patient morbidity and reduce length of inpatient stay.

Published
2017

40. Physiological Responses to Affective Tele-Touch during Induced Emotional Stimuli

Author

Sushil Singh Chauhan and John-John Cabibihan

Subjects
Communication, Spiritual comfort, Modality (human–computer interaction), InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI), business.industry, 05 social sciences, Emotional stimuli, 050105 experimental psychology, Physiological responses, Human-Computer Interaction, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Communications media, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, The Internet, business, Psychology, Skin conductance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Software, Haptic technology
Abstract

The human touch has long been recognized to promote physical, emotional, social, and spiritual comfort. There are situations, however, when touch cannot be exchanged. Although mobile phones and web-based communication are ubiquitous, touch—a communication modality that conveys powerful messages—is inexistent in modern communications media. This paper describes a tele-touch device that transfers affective touch to another person through the internet. Commands for vibration, warmth, and tickle were sent over the internet to a haptic device at the subjects’ forearm. With a heart rate (HR) monitor and a galvanic skin response (GSR) sensor, the physiological effect of the tele-touch device was evaluated as the subjects watched an emotionally-laden movie. We compared these to one group of subjects who were touched by their spouse or girlfriend and to subjects of a control group where no touch was provided. Results show that the HR of the subjects with the tele-touch device was not significantly different from those subjects who were touched by their loved ones. These results were in contrast to the subjects who were not provided with any form of touch. On the other hand, the GSR results revealed that all the three touch conditions were different from one another.

Published
2017
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41. Low dose spinal anaesthesia reduces peri-operative opioid consumption in posterior cervical neck surgery

Author

Birender Balain, Sarfraz Ahmad, John John, Sujay Dheerendra, Andrew George, Foz Kader, Jayesh M. Trivedi, Sudarshan Munigangaiah, Matthew Ockendon, and Aashish Ghodke

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Opioid consumption, business.industry, Low dose, Spinal anesthesia, Medicine, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Perioperative, RC346-429, business, Surgery
Published
2021
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42. Nosophobia, hypochondriasis, and willingness of people to seek healthcare amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Calabar Metropolis of Cross River State, Nigeria

Author

John John Etim and Nta Obono Okoi

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), lcsh:RC435-571, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, illness, anxiety, diseases, phobia, State (polity), lcsh:Psychiatry, Political science, Nosophobia, Health care, Pandemic, medicine, Cross river, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, Socioeconomics, media_common
Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the prevalence of nosophobia, hypochondriasis, and willingness of people to seek healthcare amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Calabar Metropolis of Cross River State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design and questionnaire was used to collect data from 200 respondents randomly sampled. Data were sorted, cleaned, coded, and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software, and hypotheses tested using Chi-square test, significant at 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.05). Results: One hundred and eighty two (91%) respondents presented with nosophobia and hypochondriasis, slightly more in women (92 [46%]) as compared to men (90 [45%]), and these had increased with age. Phobia was attributed more to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (48 [24%]), and human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (40 [20%]) as compared to other diseases, that also, instilled fear and anxiety on respondents. One hundred and fifty seven (78.5%) displayed poor willingness to seek healthcare. Conclusions: Nosophobia and hypochondriasis were found to be associated with age and healthcare seeking behaviour. Gender and education did not play significant role. Fear varied according to the type of diseases. Therefore, public sensitisation is necessary.

Published
2021
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43. Combining Static and Dynamic Predictions of Transfer Points for Human Initiated Handovers

Author

Simmering, Janneke, Meyer zu Borgsen, Sebastian, Wachsmuth, Sven, Al-Hamadi, Ayoub, Salichs, Miguel A., Ge, Shuzhi Sam, Ivanova Barankova, Emilia, Cabibihan, John-John, Wagner, Alan R., Castro-González, Álvaro, and He, Hongsheng

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, business.industry, Real-time computing, Initialization, Tracking system, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Tracking (particle physics), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Handover, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Trajectory, Range (statistics), Robot, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, CLF_RESEARCH_HIGHLIGHT, business
Abstract

In many scenarios where robots could assist humans, handover situations are essential. But they are still challenging for robots, especially if these are initiated by the human interaction partner. Human-human handover studies report average reaction times of 0.4 s, which is only achievable for robots, if they are able to predict the object transfer point (OTP) sufficiently early and then adapt to the human movement. In this paper, we propose a hand tracking system that can be used in the context of human initiated handover as a basis for human reaching motion prediction. The OTP prediction implemented is based on the minimum jerk model and combines a static estimation utilizing the human’s initial pose and a dynamic estimation from the current hand trajectory. Results are generated and analyzed for a broad spectrum of human initiated scenarios. For these cases we examine the dynamics of different variants of the proposed prediction algorithm, i.e., how early is a robot’s prediction of the OTP within a certain error range? The tracking delivers results with an average delay, after the initialization, of 0.07 s. We show that the OTP prediction delivers results after 75 % of the movement within a 10 cm precision box.

Published
2019
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44. Predictors of Major Bleeding and Mortality in Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India

Author

Asha Mary Abraham, Karthik Gunasekaran, Kevin John John, N. Sultan, Sohini Das, Ramya Iyyadurai, Divya Mathew, and John Davis Prasad

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), myalgia, medicine.medical_specialty, Abdominal pain, Article Subject, Microbiology, Dengue fever, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, Internal medicine, medicine, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Creatinine, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Rash, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Clinical Study, Vomiting, Parasitology, SOFA score, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

We conducted a retrospective observational study to describe the clinical profile and outcomes of patients admitted with a diagnosis of dengue fever in a tertiary hospital in South India. A total of 159 patients admitted from April 2014 to October 2018 were included in the study. Vomiting (70.4%), myalgia (60.4%), headache (42.1%), abdominal pain (38.4%), bleeding (38%), and rash (37.1%) were the most common symptoms at presentation. The mean duration of hospital stay was 4.9 days (SD ± 2.4), and the median cost was INR 19,708 ($285) (IQR INR 12,968–32,056 ($188–$305)). Major bleeding was associated with elevated SGOT and SGPT, severe dengue, and secondary dengue. Mortality was associated with elderly age; elevated total leukocyte count, serum bilirubin, serum creatinine, SGOT, and SGPT; and high SOFA score. In view of these observations, we recommend stratifying patients according to the WHO classification of dengue and avoiding the use of thrombocytopenia as a single marker of the severity of the illness.

Published
2019

45. Cancelled operations: a 7-day cohort study of planned adult inpatient surgery in 245 UK National Health Service hospitals

Author

Jennifer Morrish, Emily J Robson, Georgina Ashfield, Karuna Kotur, Jashmin Maria, Charlotte Downes, Shweta Patro, Mark Scrutton, George Gladstone, Andy Burton, Paula Mulligan, Wei Lin Allen, Michael McCusker, Dee Leonard, James Edwards, Sarah Dolling, Katherine Pass, Hywel Garrard, Francis Young, Paul Edgar, Elaine Matthews, Douglas Findlay, Helen Whittle, Aillison MacLean, Chris Levett, Claire-Marie Agius, Kim Porter, Nurse Charlotte White, Bridget Campbell, Gemma Scotland, Patrick Haywood, Liz Shenton, Tom Hatton, Laura McAffrey, Jane Hunt, Jaime Carungcong, Sara Owen, Fiona Christie, Lesley Milne, Liza Tharakan, Ruth Smith, Henry Nash, Timothy Gould, Jodie Fitzgerald, Wael Zghaibe, Mark Gaskell, Dushyanthi Jayasekera, Elana Owen, Kinga Dwornik, Amr Ali, Donna Cotterill, Martyn Cain, Peter Wicks, Daniel West, Catriona Walker, Rebecca Lee, Amanda Isaac, Naresh Rajasekar, Sally Collins, Laura Hammon, Tim Hendra, Yemi Adelaja, Mike Pollard, Ellen L. Brown, Matt Clayton, Rachel Bown, Sally Moore, Keyury Desai, Tony Kinsey, Charlotte Dunn, Li Lian Loh, Emelia Passaro, Timothy Faccini, Stephen Linter, Sumant Shanbhag, David Lee, David Restall, Angela Cook, Simon Ripoll, Rachael Bird, Vicky Murray, Alex Wollaston, Daniel Yarwood, Sonia Bhangu, Sahar Biuk, Jenny Ferry, Alexander Michael Stewart, Ceri Lynch, Lucy Sheppard, Denise Webster, Jamie Allen, Merle Cohen, James Hanison, Shilpa Rawat, Prabhakaran Premraj, Gamunu Ratnayake, Clare Bird, Lorna Filby, Clare Allcock, Babak Sedghi, Celly Weegenaar, Dawn Collier, Sreekanth Rayalu Uppugonduri, Amanda Whileman, Su Ying Ong, Jack Carmichael, Victoria O'Loughlin, Barbara Linklater-Jones, Maria Lackmann, Vitul Manhas, Albert Brennan, Alasdair Waite, Andrew Smallwood, Salvatore Bruni, Catriona Barr, Thomas Murphy, Gemma Hudson, Khalid Hasan, Alison J. Campbell, Radu Chiravasuta, Charlotte Maden, Roddy Chapman, Jon Clark, Nauman Iftikhar, Sarah Hagyard, Denis O'Leary, Steven Forde, Joanne Webb, Ryan W Haines, Andrea Galloway, Richard Siviter, Heidi Lightfoot, Hew D.T. Torrance, Christopher Smith, Hollie Robinson-Perrie, Josh Wall, Carina Cruz, Andrew Song, Stephen T. Webb, Nurse Sara-Beth Sutherland, Carol-Ann Woolley, Susan Martin, S.L.M. Walker, George Koshy, Renee Ford, Mona Mubarak, Robert Stuart, Keshava Reddy Burijinti Chenna, Rizana Ghafoor, Katie Hanlon, Fiona Faulds, Hiba Khaled, Richard Jones, Karin Duckett, Cathryn Matthews, Charles Chan, Sanjeewa Ranaweera, Nurse Rebecca Hinch, Richard Shawyer, Jo Cudlip, Marion Ashe, Steve Harris, Ravi K. Alagar, Jonathan Hetherington, Sara Churchill, Yolanda Baird, Maria Tritean, Gabriela Wong, Dermot Moloney, Lee Tbaily, Jonathan Finnity, Norbert Bokor, Peter Indoe, Lucy Stelfox, Simon Marcus, Bryony Burrill, Ellie Roderick, Carina Lilley, Alex Yusaf, Lucy Corbett, Esther Neilly, Christine Ryan, Amon Wijunamai, Katie Atterbury, Abigail Clarke, Josh Patch, Otto Mohr, Ronan Mukherjee, Asokan Krishnaier, Chen Yun-Han, Prasan Panagoda, Polly Rice, Katherine Jones, James Hudson, Sophie Uren, Peter Sutton, Evangelia Poimenidi, Tracy Marsden, Veronica Barnes, Alice Drysdale, Tara Lawrence, Lisa Sharpe, John G. Francis, N. M. Wharton, Claire Kurasz, Marina Iaverdino, Caradog Thomas, Emma Gold, Raj McNab, Tom E.F. Abbott, Claire Dowse, Jane Hamilton, Tony Sutherland, Robert P. Jones, Peter Alston, Daniel Haslam, Philippa Marshall, Bernadette Tilley, Cathleen Chabo, Adam Carpenter, Steve Cole, Nicholas Hooper, Kate Arrow, Alka Shah, Rosie Furness, Susie Chapman, Sachini Dhamaratne, Constandinos Papageorgiou, Michael Girgis, Sandra Pearson, Andrew W. Wood, Jaya Nariani, Sonia White, Christopher Godden, Mary Bellamy, Indra Chadbourn, Laura Parker, Peter Knowlden, Cat Griffiths, Jeanette Smith, David Brooks, Jonathan Smith-Williams, Elizabeth Barnes, Sunil Jamadarkhana, Andrew Feneley, Maria Croft, Tom Disney, Paramesh Kumara, Anna Warrington, Seetal Aggarwal, Zackriah Badsha, Suman Biswas, Suzanne Shuttleworth, Ben Jones, Jose Lourtie, Mark Stubbington, Asya Mussad, Patrick Johnson, Sister Amanda Cowton, James Spargo, Kelly Hard, Annette Fraine, William Weston, Farrukh Ameer, Andrew Prenter, Lisa Bacon, Sunil kumar Chaurasia, Claire Nicholas, Amy Kitching, Sneha Prasad, Catriona Ferguson, Martin P. Huntley, Claire Cameron, Hugh Cutler, Anne Harrison, Kunal Joshi, Anna Cormack, Rebecca Jones, Martin Paul, Jean Bage, Stephen Cole, Usman Razaque, Robert Lewis, David O'Callaghan, Samantha Strong, Victoria Frost, Peter Ip, Victoria Male, Mat Molyneux, Christopher Worth, Michael Brett, Megan Smith, Shayan Arshed, Timothy McMillan, Lorri James, Frances Lay, Jennifer Bennett-Britton, Patrick Colhoun, Alison Shaw, Michael Stewart, Maie Templeton, Karin Gupwell, Mujeeb Khan, Elena Stanton, Chandini Chuni, Janette Brown, Mariam Latif, Rebecca L. Wilson, Felix Fombon, Jo Novaga, Cindy Persad, Matthew Thomas, Maryna Garmash, Metod Oblak, Sarah Maher, Rahul Muddanyake, Morgan Foster, Kris Parker, Tim Sutton, Ndi Ekwere, Samuel Armanious, Mohammad Bhatti, Steve Phillips, Maria Rivero-Bosch, Nick Spittle, David Harding, Henry Hammerbeck, Rose Buckley, Jonathan Hatton, Ahmed Gilani, Ali Watts, Neeraj Bhardwaj, Lesley McShane, Simon Ridler, Martin Murphy, Vandana Goel, S Ramani Moonesinghe, Sophie Scutt, Sanniah Hussain, Hannah Donaldson, Tom Bennett, Helen Boys, David Steven Davies, Bev Hammond, Bryan Yates, Victoria Hawley, Chris Gibb, Ulrika Winstone, Keith Couper, Benedict Williams, Louise Duncan, Georgina Wilson, Anil Hormis, Emily Dana, Jens Full, Amina Chohan, Amanda Ebejer, Sian McKillop, Tomas Bakonyi, Georgina Bird, George Davies, Christina Penny, Helen Thornley, Karen Jewers, Kingsin Ang, Mishell Cunningham, Conny Blunt, Ronald Carrera, Kay Finney, Alvin Soosay, Nagaraj Rao, Jason Mann, Carol Edwards, Richard Lowe, Paul Stevens, Hilary Ashton, Rachel Codling, Rhys Davies, Muthuraj Kanakaraj, Zoe Apple, Kirsty Meats, Tammy Smith, Charmaine Beirnes, John Gardner, Peter Featherstone, Claire Williams, Rohit Mittal, Emma Shinn, Alex Moore, Michael Whitear, Hannah Rose, Paul Kelly, Megan Thomas, Matthew Gibbins, Jack Reid, Caroline Clarke, Victoria Irvine, Bhavesh Pratap, Ella Buchanan, Nurse Francesca Wright, Vatsharlan Santhirapala, Richard Gould, Dionne Dervin, Behzad Sohail, Lauren Duraman, Thecla Scully, Adnaan Qureshi, Muditha Peiris, Thomas Ratcliffe-Law, Samuel J. Clark, Ben Vowles, Sam Keable, Hoda Abou Ghoneim, Becky Morris, Aidan Hulbert, Rachael Craven, Ashish Kundu, Emma M. Casely, Maya Kommer, Tom Poulton, Greg Nussbaum, Ahmad Huda, Caroline Davis, Suzanne Gleeson, Paul Clements, Matt Willis, Isobel Amey, David J. Perry, Rachel Harford, Bianca Hulance, Kirsty Baron, Charlotte Grove, Sergio Dominguez, Susanna Richie-Mclean, John Stones, Ioana Simionescu, Khaled Razouk, Cristina Niciu, Ben Hyams, Mark Doran, Carolyn Colvin, Jonathan Rivers, Raluca Ene, Rebecca Jackson, Jonathan Edgar, Ben Robinson, Lisa Wilkinson-Guy, Aji Mathew, Christopher Patrick, Gauhar Sharih, Ismail Tariq, Andrea Kay, Joshua O'Donnell, Dafydd Watterson, Lail Zaheer, Fiona Reed, Tom Johnson, Christopher Oscier, Mirain Phillips, Edmund Gerrans, Joanna Hackney, Sally M. Dunlop, Elizabeth Willetts, Jiang Yuchen, Lizzie Ashton, Theresa Cooper, Paul W. Davies, Carly Brown, James Small, Julie Lowe, Amarjeet Patil, Filipe Helder, Joshua Cuddihy, Faisal Sheikh, Hayley Tarft, Enid Leung, Adrian Percuin, Paolo Mazzone, Rochelle Rhodes, Jane Pilsbury, Kerry Cullis, Peter Brook, Helen McNamara, Carin Swanevelder, Claire Frith, Adrian Clarke, Stuart Watson, Glenn Vetuz, Zoe Riddell, Drew Welch, Geoff Warnock, Lalani Induruwage, Paul Mallett, Elizabeth Cervi, Santinder Dalay, Supriya Antrolikar, Sinead O'Kane, Toby Hoskins, Stephen Duberley, Sophie Parcell, Jayne Sutherland, Lynn Fairless, Dave Parkinson, Matron Beryl Davis, Abigail Patrick, Jithu Jayan, Nicola Harvey, Catherine Pitman, Donata Banni, Samuel Passey, Omar Alex Pemberton, Becky Sands, Hon Sum Liu, Alexandra Mudd, Sheldon Zhang, Ange Lise John-Baptiste, Thomas Clayton, Charlotte Marriot, Tom Reevell, Nicola Mackenzie, Temitope Aiyedun, Andy Cruickshanks, Jacqueline Gunn, Alison Moss, Martyn Clark, Swetha Rambhatla, Claire Matata, Ben Cracknell, Pauline Mercer, Matthew Morgans, Catrin Williams, Shareef Madhi, Jane Montgomery, George Kohler, Yasir Hameed, Muneeba Ahmed, Glenn Saunders, Anand Kulkarni, Craig Pinner, Lauren Pearce, Vishnu Bhardwa, Judi Ramsey, Meghna Sharma, Rob Hull, Srinivasan Perumal, Julia Critchley, Stephen Hill, Bethany Fitzmaurice, Robert Crichton, Cormac O'Connor, M. Dickinson, Alison Pearce-Smith, Julie Toms, Kathleen Horan, Ammy Dodd, Rachel Crone, Graeme Finnie, Suman Shrestha, Saul Sundayi, Shamini Sivakumaran, Robert Collin, Janine Musselwhite, Yuvaraj Kummur, Mariana Bernardo, Amrinda Sayan, Gabrielle De Selincourt, Laura Bridge, Melissa Rosbergen, Philip Barclay, Garry Davenport, Daniel Murrell, Andrew Drummond, Eireann Allen, Emma Fadden, Subha Arunachalam, David Robinson, Stephanie Dukes, Catherine Jardine, Sunny Bhat, Hemantha Shiva, Amy Kerr, Henry Elms, Anam Asif, Sandra Evans, Girish Rangaswamy, Laura Thomson, Asad Javed, Jenny Shuttleworth Davies, Maren Kleine-Brueggeney, Sian Edwards, Jean-Paul Zahra, Jo simpson, Priya Verma, Bhamini Tharmalingam, Matthew Edmunds, Stephen Adshead, Hannah Luckhurst, Lara Allen, Colin Merrill, Fiona Lyle, Falguni Choksey, Mohyman El Habishi, Holly Notman, Lisa Murthen, Christiana Georgiou, Georgina Singleton, Tim Cook, Melba Knighton, Shirley Pyke, Amit Gadre, Maria Rehnstrom, Helen Hothersall, Anja Kuttler, Anita Boltres, Sarah Williams, Sarah Welch, Yamuna Madhu, Pramod Nalwaya, Alistair Coleman, Jeanie Worthington, Jasmine Samuel, Rajashekar Gowni, Karen Burt, Shamim Haque, Reynard Knoetze, Hakeem Yusuff, Tom Taylor, Val Parkinson, Sheik Pahary, Jonathan Fortune, Natalie Long, David Gilhooly, Karthick Duraisamy, Duncan Baines, Shondipon Laha, Marie Appleby, Jyothi Hosahalli, Christine Catley, Jasmine Jose, Damien Mantle, Dinkar Gowda, Permendra Singh, Ramesh Khoju, Carol Bradbury, Sarah Hazeldine, Karan Kanal, Sonal Lodhi, James Craig, Rachel Wong, Teresa Ferreira, Charis Banks, Ben Chandler, Asia Sarwar, Sivaprakash Vaitheeswaran, Sam Bews, Katie Hunter, Sohan Bisonoothan, Lauren Hunt, Melony Hayes, Nilesh Chauhan, Janet Pickett, Sharon Dealing, Jamie Plumb, Thomas Hollins, Claire Hill, Claire Hindmoor, Nicolas Hooker, Hannah Davis, Laura Mee, Elizabeth Thomas, James Self, Jenny May-Ling Cheung, Jane Varin, Manish Kakkar, Anuj Wali, Omar Siddique, Sophie Earl, Elizabeth Longdon, Alison Meadows, Shafi Ahmed, David MacPherson, Shaima Elnour, Suzi Hale, Ramez Ibrahim, Fei Long, Orlanda Allen, Alice Groves, Mohammed Wahid, Angela Stevens, Carl Ilyas, Richard Robley, Nichola Bleasby, Peter Havalda, Ursula McHugh, Judith Brade, Georgia Monantera, Stuart Younie, Brian Johnston, Jamie Brookes, Linda Park, Graeme Wilson, Mark Greasley, Lohita Nanda, Vineetha Jayakumar, Ian M. Lyons, Ayman Abdu, Paul Athanasopoulos, Justin Woods, Kariem El-Boghdadly, Diane Simpson, Georgina Williamson, Jonathan McCarter, Anil Golhar, Alicia Waite, Claire Halligan, Sarah Anne Leir, Joanne Turner, Matthew O'Meara, Claire Atkinson, Adam Yarnold, Mark Fernie, Rhiann Marie O'Shaughnessy, Jamie Elwood, Laura Harvey, Ali Atrah, Helen Terrett, Sam Scholes, Rebecca E. Saunders, Vin Vyapury, Amir Rafi, Peter Bradley, Srikant Ganesh, Zehrin Nassa, Ulf Buhmann, Laura Carrick, Natalie Rogers, Said Seifalan, Ian Ryder, Jennifer Partridge, Tim Lovell, Martin Priestley, Caroline Wrey Brown, Joanna Moore, Vidhya Nagaratnam, Saba Iqbal, Francesca Mazzola, Samantha Weller, Laura Gould, Helen Johnston, Jenny Spimpolo, Carmen Scott, Stephen J. Brett, Paul Cripps, Amit Kurani, Alexander Knight, Nirav Shah, Pushkar Patankar, Fraser Waterson, Sarah Martindale, Johannes Mellinghoff, Joanne Wootton, Sarah McCormick, Sameer Somanath, Bilal Yasin, Christopher Skeoch, Toby Jacobs, Katrina Eaton, Lynne Connell, Harry Soar, Yvonne Bramma, Tom Gately, Renjith Joseph, Anish Gupta, Lucie Hobson, Charindri Wariyapola, Maryam Zaky, Nimu Varsani, Gerhardus Van Rensberg, Jackie Evans, Rosahn Saleh, William Sutcliffe, Louise Potter, Harvey Dymond, Catherine (Katie) Patton, Andrew Selman, Stephen Traynor, Kate Tizzard, Rumyana Nyathi, Caroline Reavley, Saima Hashmi, Kerry Hughes, Isabelle Sykes, Kate Slade, Anne Troy, David Castillo, Jennifer Quinton, Anne Adams, Joanne Gresty, Stella Wright, Victoria Christenssen, Iain Mooney, Fiqry Fadhlillah, Seema Pai, Gabor Debreceni, Aleinmar Winthein, Denise Griffin, Hannah Beadle, Elisa Kam, Marie Williams, Helen Howes, Tariq Tabiner, Saxon Prentice, James Bedford, Emma Craig, Peter Standen, Stephen Petley, Janaki Pearson, Cheryl Marriott, Harry Barclay, Alexandra Matson, Michael P.W. Grocott, Alison Thorne, Joanne Humphreys, Vishal Patil, Nick Greenwood, Richard Wassall, S.K. Harris, Valpuri Luoma, Dancho Ignatov, Rebecca Fry, Anamika Sehgal, Antonio Paredes-Guerra, Manjula Yadagiri, Yuvraj Doriaswami, Benjamin O'Donovan, Adam Mounce, Stephanie Wright, Linda Webber, Tracy Hazelton, Ethan Bateson, Theresa Garrett, Chris Honstvet, John Scriven, Rahul Dimber, Phillip Lo, Jenny Stead, Catherine Plowright, Rachel Morris, Pallavbhai Desai, Nicola Johnson, Neil Muchatuta, Vijayakumar Gopal, Sherma Turner, Karina Fitzgibbon, John B. Davis, Sarah Patch, Erica Jolly, Rob Gregory, Christopher Lochrin, Geoffrey Ryder, Sam Michlig, Liana Zucco, Susan Nimmo, Jessica Whiston, Sarah Goellner, Rohan Babla, Deborah Skelton, Lucy Mcmanoman, Darcy Pearson, Diane Forrest, Sanjeev Garg, Joanne Bradley-Potts, Joel Perfitt, Danny J.N. Wong, Mike Weisz, Caroline Lowrie, Timothy Alce, Alice Michell, Charlotte Soulsby, Dominic Hayes, Arnab Mandal, Stephanie Ridgway, Angela Willberry, Alka Grover, Simran Minhas, Kerwei Tan, Sharon Jones, Sam Marcangelo, Ben Millette, Hilary Thatcher, Greg Foster, Krishna Balachandar, Megan McAtear, Richard Shellard, Chris Littler, Thunga Setty, Kavita Sasi-Kumar, Theodore Floyd, Duncan Adshead, Stephen Hickey, South Yorkshire Hospitals Audit, Amy Barker, Ewen Cameron, Dawn Trodd, Wendy Nichols, Beth Farr, Mike Salmon, Naomi Fleming, Umairali Ikram, Ben Straughan, Peter J O'Brien, Laura Purandare, Janine Thomas, Elizabeth Wood, Kate Bosworth, Stewart Mckie, Samantha Evans, Tamilselvan Rajamanickam, Srinivasan Dhileepan, Paul Hindmarch, Colin Bergin, Sange Mansoor, Lisa Armstrong, Nagendra Natarajan, Irmeet Banga, Fiona Osborne, Lynne Williams, Pieter Bothma, Jade Woolley, Joanne Finn, Bernd Oliver Rose, Shaman Jhanji, Bennur Katyayani, Gillian Robertson, Laura Bird, Pauline Fitzell, Sally Anne Smith, Serena Yen, Stuart Clelland, Thomas Urwin, Luff Delme, Rocio Ochoa Ferraro, Nurse Cheryl Padilla Harris, Asad Naqvi, Andy Cumpstey, Natalie C. Wood, Samar Al-Rawi, Pulak Padhi, Claire Botfield, Bhavesh Raithatha, Michael Briskoe, Jolyon Cohen, Ben Gibbison, John John, Stephen Washington, Jayne Foot, Karen Chadwick, Naomi Cochrane, Sophie Spencer, Alexandra Gatehouse, Susan Smolen, Aaron D'Sa, John Sturrock, Christopher P Bourdeaux, Kumud Bhandari, Neil Kellie, Elizabeth Denman, Samson Tou, Laura Kettley, Alex Eros, Stuart McLellan, Nicola Ball, Emily Kirk, Sue Smyth, Kim Gibson, Oliver Barker, Mohammad Masood, Dabeeruddeen Ahmed, Geoff Thorning, Jennifer Van Ross, Esme Elloway, Kat Rhead, Sei Nishimura, Maximiliane Kellner, Benjamin Jacobs, Sanjoy Shah, Matthew Stubbs, Faye Moore, Greg Cox, Nishita Patel, Ashok Nair, Elizabeth Hawes, A Espinosa, Kavita Wankhade, Vladimir Bashliyski, Carina Bautista, Susan Lyjko, Michelle Rowe, Nikita Whotton, Julie Temple, Inthu Kangesan, Gemma McIntosh, Samir Nazir, R. N. Kumar, Jen Warren, Alex Coombs, Marilyn Boampomaa, Kaya Jeyarajah, Heather Savill, Claudette Jones, Vinayak Vanjari, Caroline Tierney, Santhana Kannan, Jennifer Aston, Helen Melsom, Valantine Woodham, Nichola White, Niraj Barot, Paolo Perella, Mayumi Vianzon, Padmanabhan Vatsala, Claire Boynton, Alexandra Edwards, Elisa Masoni, Jayne Edwards, Julie Edwards, Thomas Garth, Amanda Skinner, Kate Blethyn, Jonathan Chambers, Katie Ramm, Rosada Jackson, Thomas Coleman, Tracey White, Emma McKenna, Kanchan Umbarje, Thomas Sheppard, Deepa Jumani, Emma Murphy, Peter Lawley, David Howe, Daisy Alston, Ania Dean, Prasun Mukerjee, Julian Hood, Mahmoud Alkholany, Sarah Goff, Gillian Rennie, Bridget Fuller, Ciara Walker, Jonathan Pipe, Alex Eeles, Wai Soon, Catherine McMillan, Martha Wrigley, Neil Brown, Peter Sandbach, Claire McCahill, Anna Wilson Charlotte Yates, Paul Sampson, Natasha Muzengi, Colum Slorach, Moyra Hynd, Arjun Ardeshna, Trish Boateng, James C. Geoghegan, Rhys Williams, Karoline Middleton, Brian Campbell, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Daniel Leslie, Sherrie Samuels, Michael Allan, Ruth Clarke, Christopher Nutt, Kirsten Reid, Hannah Smith, Surabhi Jain, Stephanie Reed, Hywel Evans, Irene Gardner, Ben Griffiths, Guy Shinner, Marek Frenkiel, Jacek Zeber, Gary Minto, Simon Parrington, Louise Harrison, Carlos Kidel, Hawa Desai, Lois Steuart, Claire Hirst, Johann Harten, Marc Slorach, Angela Christofides, Claire Macey, Helen Moore, Chantal Busby, Andrew Robertson, Leanne Milner, Catherine Chapman, Rebecca Reeves, Lawrence Wilson, Alice Aarvold, Lizzie Irvine, Narayanan Suresh, Kirsteen Brown, James Dalton, Sam Miller, Yasir Rashid, Andrew Swain, Liliana Czukowska, Natasha Permall, Carys Durie, Peter Carroll, Lauren Cooper, Prerna Mehrotra, Sarah Clayton, Martina McMonagle, Sarah Buckley, Enoch Onya, Elizabeth Perritt, Domonique Georgiou, Manjeet Save, Lauren Friedman, David W. Hewson, Katherine McAndrew, Simon Morton, James Morgan, Susan Underwood, Helen Bowyer, Avninder Chana, Lucy Sootheran, Kieron Rooney, Pooja Patel, Jessica Summers, Laura Farmer, Kiran Keshvara, Victoria Richardson, Hannah Crowther, Geejo Rappai, Adam E. Green, Sarah Willcock, Smitangshu Mukherjee, Samuel Tyrrell, Geraldine Landers, Claire McAteer, Jennifer Awolesi, Sarah Higgin, Orla O'Neill, Chrissie Chevis, Paul Winwright, Vikram Malhotra, Jonathan Ogor, Maria Muelmenstaedt, Richard Stead, Lindsay Roughley, Sara Balliston, Nevena Kalcheva, Marc Wittenberg, Adrian Taylor, Lydia Shatanda, Anjali Soodan, Angela Moon, Sarah Elgarf, Matthew Roche, Sanchita Bhatia, Clare Howcroft, Emma Butterfield, Emily Gannon, Matthew Needham, Jacqueline McCormick, Daniel Bendel, Victoria Martinson, David Hall, Richard A. Armstrong, Lara Herbert, Beverly Kilner, Kathy Dent, Victoria Thwaites, Issy Thomas, Maggie Peat, Lisa Macbeth, Alex James, Rachel Flight, Nick Black, Elizabeth Boyd, Catherine Gedling, Suzanne Body, Nadine Farrell, Samantha Clayton, Paula Hiltout, Richard Haddon, Bethany Philpott, Victoria A Burgess, John Jackson, Anita Patil, Chris Platt, Lindsey Iles, Chrissy Braybrook, Katherine Morris, Emma Karsten, Minna Meritahti, Anastasia Lynn-Smith, Dorothy Hutchinson, Rebecca Darbyshire, Joanne Riches, Astri Luoma, Andy Gibson, Dushanthi Thurairasa, Roisin Baker, Xantha Holmwood, Alda Remegoso, Trusha Mistry, Sarah Hennell, Suganthi Joachim, Stephen Harris, Sam Eggleston, Melanie Morrison, Boon Ang, Natalie Jackson, Nicola Jones, Zena Haslam, Beata Iwanicka, Laura Graham, King Dhar, Melanie Kent, Daniel Wirth, Umakanth Kempanna, Laura Troth, Robert Orme, D. Campbell, Raquel Duarte, Muzaffar Sheik, Robert Maher, Jon Bramall, Rebecca Coates, Tracey Cosier, Sarah Vest, Kajan Kamalanathan, Graeme Foggo, Amanda Mohabir, Ritoo Kapoor, Precious Basvi, Jamie McCanny, Christian Frey, Bruce Emerson, Anantharaman Venkataraman, Karen Burns, Gail Pottinger, Mohamed Elwkhiee, Farkhunda Waqas, Alison Loftus, Amanda Kirrage, Ilma Songaile, Craig Smith, Jo Mullender, Hannah McPhee, Miriam Namih, Linda Gregson, Rachel K. Walker, Iain K. Moppett, Christine Adamson, Katie Flower, Tina Stoycheva, Beena Parker, Caroline Thompson, Kootharajan Kamraj, Vignesh Ashok, Ranjit Gidda, Istvan Koczka, Sadie Perkin, Vandita Ralhan, Arun Sengottaiyans, Ruth Hodgson, Peter Valentine, David Nunn, John Hickman, Molly Waldron, Lauren Elliott, Irene Echaveznaguicni, Lisa Dunlop, Julian Sonksen, Robert Fallon, Huw Griffiths, Thoy Ruth, Olivia Clancy, Lucy Dudgeon, Alicia Rodgers, Pamela Oracki, Phoebe Syme, Maria Newton, Stuart P. D. Gill, Julie Foxton, Jane Perez, Liam Gleeson, Richard Green, Sally Beer, Rohit Juneja, Loretta Barnett, Alex Bonner, Eunice Emeakaroha, Andrew V. Bradley, Ravishankar Jakkala Saibaba, Dipali Verma, J. Joseph Kinsella, Swee Ang Tung, Anju Raina, Verity Calder, Andrea Ortu, Chris Walmsley, Suneal Sharma, Michelle Reichman, Tom Stocks, Annika Smith, Ross Cruikshank, Sharon Storton, Matyas Andorka, Abhishek Kakkar, Allison Daniels, Priya Datar, Nichola Wakeford, Sheila Black, Usman Choudhry, Stephen Hackett, Huw Wilkins, Kirtida Mukherjee, Tim Green, Rebecca Hill, Ishan Dharmarathna, Jennifer Crooks, Serah Mungai, Luisa Howlett, Niveen El-Wahab, Linda Prasad, Amy Sadler, David Sharpley, Daphne Varveris, Victoria Ashton, Rajeev Jeevananthan, Safia Begum, Helen Anderson, Katherine Nahajski, Vanessa Linnett, Laura Morland, Stephen Mowat, Nenette Abano, Kathryn James, Ian Butler, Madelaine Ocampo, D. Williams, Gabriella Frunza, Wendy Deamer, Dominic Espitalier-Noel, Sian Liddle, Jane McConniffe, Anthony E. Pickering, Lisha Aju, Catherine Morgan, Hao Ern Tan, Jemma Tate, Emma Dooks, Anna Moore, Alison Hardwick, Liam Scott, Zak Rob, Rajeev Jha, Sujesh Bansal, Lynda Connor, Seliat Sanusi, Sophie Mason, Nipun Agarwal, James Woodier, Julian Giles, Lauren Collis, Jill Brown, Natalie Constable, Nichola Cahill, Anne Cowley, Mai Wakatsuki, Kelly Mintrim, Glenn Arnold, Donna Doyle, Ryhs Millington, Richard Dobson, Monica Serrano, Saqib Naji, Walid Hammad, Jacob Osbourne-Wylde, David Rollins, Claudia Paoloni, Nathan Anderson, Rachel Ingham, Alison Whitcher, Vicky Hills, Nina Toms, Jon Witby, Amy Nash, Marcus Fletcher, Jane Gibson, Martin Warin, Katherine McDowall, William Malein, Madhurima Das, Wael Abdelrhamen, Tom Neal, Sister Jenny Ritzema, James Collins, Chandana Rao, Joyce Yeung, Nadeem Shakir, Andrea Weigert, Atideb Mitra, Hari Arunachalam, Amy Morgan, Richard J. Jackson, Julie Chadwick, Debbie Callaghan, Frank Swinton, Lorraine Lock, Rahul Wakhle, Krish Kapoor, Ryan Humphries, Sarah Beavis, John-Paul Cutts, Julie Wilson, Keith Kelly, James Gill, Angela Loughlin, Rhys Rhidian, Christopher McGovern, Tom Hickish, Rachel Campbell, James Pennington, James Tozer, Philip Coakley, Lynn Fenner, Sally Tomkins, Lester Ribeiro, Shabir Qadri, Hristina Petkova, Christina Timmons, Katy Smith, Jonathan Perry, Stephen Crotty, Tanmay Patil, Mayavan Abayalingam, Ahmed Foly, Anna Wahed, Lewys Winfield-Young, Naomi Goodwin, Mark Verlander, Clare Donovan, Milena Vannahme, David Helm, Murali Vallabhaneni, Clare Ingram, Neil Moreland, Lorraine Stephenson, Jenny Jackson, Lindsay McOwat, Sathya Visvendra, Rhiannon Jones, Sarah Bird, M. H. Nathanson, Beryl Jones, Claire Davies, Beena David, Ian Sheldrake, Jeremy Guilford, Sister Bryony Storey, Rajeev Mishra, Irina Halfacree, Kiran Rait, Sameer Ahmed, Victoria Poyntz, Pamela Birks, Tom Kennedy, Angiy Michael, Michael McEvoy, Ian Davies, James Chan, Sajjad Ahmed, Laura Sweeney, Anne Whaley, Andrew Moores, Stella Gillies, Gearoid Crosbie, Antoinette Wilson, Iain Walker, Fiona Brailsford, Virginia Solanki, Elizabeth Turnbull, Lyndon Harkett, Sarah Ramsay, Thomas Syratt, Pushpaj Gajendragadkar, Cathal Small, Joanna Poole, Annabelle Whapples, Raghavendran Krishnaiyan, Elizabeth Smee, Richard Pierson, Taslima Rabbi, Alexandra Murphy, Angela Rooney, Sarah Crawford, Peter Bamford, Stephen Worthy, Sarah Munsie, Lucy Venyo, Henry Wang, Aditya Kuravi, Dennis Barnes, Ruth Han, Benjamin Gupta, Nurse Lynn Wren, Robert Hartley, Emma Edmunds, Laura Blood, Valerie J. Page, Thomas Judd, Puvan Suppiah, Emma Jenkins, Kate Gallagher, Fionnuala Lenehen, Rashidat Adeniba, Julius Cranshaw, Julie Wollaston, Kathryn Allison, Richard Kirkdale, Samantha Griffith-Norris, Jenna Kelly, Snehasish Guha, Stefan Schraag, Joy Dearden, Elizabeth Bell, Stephen Smith, Sarah Longhurst, Elizabeth Wilby, Annaliza Sevillano, Raksha Mistry, Aalisha Mariam Karimi, Kaung Pyae, Sarang Puranik, Maggie Collingborn, Karen Cranmer, Chandrashekhar Vaidyanath, M. Chincholkar, Narendra Siddaiah, Gillian Bell, Edward Rintoul, Nicki Devooght-Johnson, Tom Lovejoy, Eleanor Roscoe, Zoe Neilson, Joanne Hill, Kamal Sharif, Sharon Meehan, Bassey Nkanang, Thomas Georgiou, Martin Goodman, Prashant Kakodkar, Rebecca Martin, Philip Roddam, Evanna McEvoy, Peter Tsim, Janakan Anandarajah, Shub Gupta, Oliver Pratt, Yang Ng, Francesca Th'ng, Linda Kent, Graham Soulsby, Danielle Kirk, Ramana Govindaraju, Rebecca McClean, Samantha Harkett, Obaid Tarin, Shalini Chinna, Susan Gallagher, Laura Gardiner, Marc Turnbull, James Briscoe, Anna McSkeane, Melanie Claridge, Gillian Fleming, Thomas Huttley, Elaine Spruce, Lianne Hufton, Susan Hendy, Adrian Barry, Jeremy Drake, Cody Allen, James Hillier, Manju Patel, C. Gray, Nasreen Iqbal, Karen Markwell, Linzi Heaton, Michelle Nicholas, Gary Lau, Laura Catchpole, Nurse Sonia Walia, Kerry Elliott, Jake Hartford-Beynon, Amee Samani, Kathryn King, José William Martínez, Skylar Paulich, Ifan Patchell, Killian McCourt, Rebekah Rodgers, Christine Wood, Richard Wan, Karan Verma, H. W. Cain, Eleonore Quinn, Lisa Richardson, Muhammad Usman Latif, Nicholas Hingley, Rajesh Gilla, Roopa McCrossan, Mayeth Recto, Russell Hedley, Lucy McClelland, Suzie Marriott, Deepak Seharawat, Gururaj Mudimadagu, Claire Jones, Michelle Yare, Sophia Henderson, Rupinder Kaur, Emily Spence, David Wright, Bhaskar Dutta, Tom Pettigrew, Vikki Atkinson, Lorna Sissons, Segun Oladele, Sue Thomas, Hani Ali, Rebecca Robson, David Buckley, Kevin Hamilton, Amanda Hall, Anaesthetic Audit, Anna Watkin, Donna Kelly, Graham White, Sarah Sanders, Henry Boyle, Joao Galente, Thomas Williams, Justin Ang, Sarah Horton, Abdelrahman Soliman, Vijay Jeganath, Kavita Upadhyaya, Plamen Stoyanov, Murray Geddes, Alan Pope, Khaled Ellisy, Thomas Walker, Emma Finlay, Penny Parsons, McDonald Mupudzi, Adam Duffen, James Goodwin, Rob Penson, Laura O'Sullivan, Vinesh Mistry, Ravindra Mallavalli, Krzysztos Guz, Deepti Bhuwanee, Eleanor Andrews, Justine Burns, Sarah Kirk, Faith Kibutu, Sam Stafford, Julia Blackburn, Joellene Mitchell, Robert Spencer, Helen Williams, Karen Riley, Gabbie Young, Tom Williams, James Wu, Emma Wheatley, Alistair Johnstone, Rachel Stoeter, Timothy Cominos, Guy Coady, Ruth Mawhinney, Sam Spinney, ruthy Arumugam, Myura Nagendram, Jason Lie, Sian Hughes, Linda Bairkdar, Peter Evans, Daniel Pygall, Graeme Brown, Susan Livingstone, Norbert Skarbit, Amit Pruthi, Zakaulla Belagodu, Ben Linton-Willoughby, Richard A Cowan, Helena Prady, Mike Raffles, Sonia Rasoli, Katherine Cullen, Jessica Lees, Peter Lax, Ashok Puttapa, Fran Millinchamp, Aneta Oborska, Benita Adams, Kathryn Newton, Mrutyunjaya Rao Rambhatla, Sunny Nayee, Madlena Ivanova Vrazhalska, Jonathan Clarke, Aariana Sohal, Siobhan King, James Bain, Jessica Wilson, Anthony Carver, Jack Davies, Lucy Connolly, Samuel Morrish, Robyn Lee, Lucia Stancombe, Satyanarayan Jakkampudi, Kath Rosedale, Philip Hopkins, Clovis Rau, Katherine Hunter, Amy Farrow, Kathleen Holding, Elizabeth Vassell, Oliver Boney, Julia Icke, Ewa Prusack, Osi Egole, Fiona Linton, Suresh Eapen, Wendy Goddard, Ayda Borjian Boroojeny, Simon J. Davies, Jackie Terry, Fiona Graham, Thomas Pratt, Hanzla Naeem, Viv Colclough, Yeng Yap, Tejuswi Patel, Susan Midgley, Mark MacGregor, Ben Marshall, Talitha Devries, Cheng Ong, Katie Molloy, Kat Walker, Katy Irwin, Abbas Majeed, Mark Pinkerton, Nicki Russell, Sibtain Anwar, Ian A Jenkins, Lucy Allen, Elaine Coulborn, Ganesh Nair, Stewart Brown, Melissa Addy, Matt Milner, Amr Hassan, Victoria Millar, Sarah Turner, Gary Baigel, Amanda Lyle, Simon Young, Kathy Malinovszky, Heather Short, Mary Newmarch, Colin McAdam, Andrew Robert Bailey, Kevin Draper, Michael Agyemang, Kieran Oglesby, Clare Mewies, Ruth Ugochukwu, Shibu Jacob, Susan O'Connell, Charlotte Topham, Xiao Zhao, Shay Willoughby, Ossian Aukland Child, Manish Torne, Ben Wetherell, Divya Veluvolu, Dominic Wu, Elizabeth Evans, Daniel Eden, Suzannah Peggler, Lucy Emmett, Romit Samanta, Ravi Parekh, Jane Hermanowski, Will Shankey-Smith, Sam Papadopoullos, Julie Camsooksai, Sara Mistry, James Wigley, Anna Todd, Bally Purewal, Natalie Baldry, Kate Wilkinson, Aalia Sange, Kirsty Baillie, Joanne Topliffe, Denise McSorland, Saheli Das, Nikki Staines, Catherine Harris, Anna-Marie Boniface, Gemma Milne, Tessa Rowlands, Leanne Quinn, Svetlana Kulikouskaya, Christopher Bull, Angus Sutherland, Mihir Desai, Hannah Goodhand, Meenal Rana, John Bugo, Maria Chazapis, Sarah Kent, Sarah Siew, Marcin Pachucki, Tim Forsyth-Jones, John McKenna, Sarah Driscoll, Laura Hunter, Penny Bedoes, Natasha Santana-Vaz, Sandra Latham, Robert Coe, Sharon Christie, Lawrence R Kidd, Katy Redington, Alastair Sawyer, Abdalla Ali, Rekha Jayapal, Manfred Staber, Emma Pearson, Stuart Reilley, Tom Bird, Kristofor Inkpin, Annette Haines, Manish Verma, Naomi Wee, Ozerah Choudhry, Daniel Tucker, Euan Campbell, Aaron Stokes, Ashley Allan, Emma Reeves, Helen Fenner, Melanie Cockroft, Tom Nicholls, Sinan Bahlool, Sharon Drake, Nalini Sethia, Lesley Jordan, Martin Northey, Paul Glyn Jones, Lara Jeanes, Emma Simpson, Julia Brown, Samantha Coetzee, James Nicholas, Adam Samways, Ritesh Ganesh, Martin Ward Platt, Mizan Khondoker, Helen Wibberley, Lauren Simmonds, Sunita Agarwal, Linda Titinchi, Fran O'Higgins, David Pritchard, Laura Beard, Yvonne Lester, Charlotte Hirst, Louise Wills, Kevin Windsor, Haren Jyothiraj, Carmela Martella, Stephanie Bell, Christopher Nwaefulu, Hemamangala Venkatesh, Camilla Stagg, Soumi Ghosh, Thomas Dawes, Jennifer Lockhart, Stavros Papadopoulos, Nanci Doyle, Gillian Whalley, Rachael Britton, James Goddin, Maggie Dawson, Carole Holder, Elaine Morsman, Rachel Lovatt, Venu Mehta, John J.B. Allen, Anna Perham, Stephanie Wallis, Dmitry Zabauski, Peter Hart, Tracy Sharp, Martin Pope, Jo Knight, Jane Wright, Nageena Hussain, Josie Snell, Thomas Knight, Philippa Hill, Nic Martins, Robin Williams, Beverley Stidolph, Beth Peers, Brian Lafferty, Alicja A'Court, Joanna Collins, Charlie Kennedy, Andy Bates, Graham Walkden, Mia Marsden, Lauren Shillito, Poonam Bopanna, Raheel Ahmed, Ada Ezihe-Ejiofor, Kate Driver, Mevan Gooneratne, Carolyn Smith, Caroline Abernethy, Kathy Shammas, Chanice Alcock, Yin Yong Choo, Mark Vertue, Ratna Makker, Victoria C. Smith, Sachin Mehta, Clare Denford, Wint Mon, Jose Miguel Sabugueiro, Liz Varghese, Mohamed Ahmed, Rebekah Chan, Alexandra Williams, Stephanie Pauling, Maria Faulkner, Ryan Wilkins, Sara Stevenson, Kathryn Simpson, Moiz Alibhai, Patricia Williams, Pascal Defeyter, Siva Sangaralingham, Lucy Evans, Shirley Cocks, Simon Dyer, William Rea, Caroline Renton, Karl Braid, Ranjit Bains, Holly Owen, Sue Brixey, Calum Taylor, Laura Coleman, Andrew Peeling, Daniel Solomon, Christopher Perman, Roisin McCallum, Helen Church, Martin Watson, Amy Bamford, Elizabeth Bradshaw, Elizabeth Turner, Owen Vale, Suneetha Ramani Moonesinghe, Preeti Mahidik, Lynsey Cubitt, Catherine Hunter, Eleanor Warwick, Sam McAleer, Suresh Singaravelu, James Hilton, Rebecca Aspinall, Icel Souleimanova, Muna Elsheikh Idris, Wei Teo, Sarah El-Sheika, Adrienne Stewart, Sadia Habib, Emily Wade, Liesl Despy, Sharmin Shohelly, Colin Williams, Louise Shaw, Shree Voralia, Dafydd Lloyd, Barbara A. Crooks, Laura D Howe, Una Gunter, Edward Hare, Louise Nimako, Ruth Young, Helen Doherty, Sock Huang Koh, Stephen Merron, Martina Coulding, Agilan Kaliappan, Clare Bolton-Hill, Jill Wain, Maria O'Callaghan, Catherine Cartmell, Nicola Pemberton, Hannah Bennett, Lynda Garcia, Riquella Abbott, Sally Jeffrey, Thomas McLoughlin, Andrew Gratrix, Christopher Harrison, Matt Mackenzie, Jayshree Gracey, Chris Moore, Benjamin Parsons, Nehal Patel, Stephanie Brooks, Catherine Riley, Jemma Gilmore, Ilya Kantsedikas, Simon Whiteley, Emily Pallister, Angie Organ, Yohinee Rajendran, Gopinath Selvraj, Priya Thorat, Ilona Schmidt, Pauline Austin, Nitin Madhukar Sadavarte, James Haddock, Alastair Duncan, Richard Bateman, Elaine Chinery, Martin Gray, Felicity Corcoran, Shanelle Tharuka Wijesuria, Bryany Bond, Charlene Otieno, Sion Lewis, Cieron Roe, Dan Freshwater-Turner, Annette Bolger, Sarah Steynberg, Louie Saclot, Charlotte Busby, Jack Roberts, Richard Dagnan, Jasna Comara, Krishnakar Melachuri, Sian Gibson, Joanne Taylor, Manju Agarwal, Mark Sheils, Matthew Bell, Rosemary Anna Lewis, Kiran Patel, Mansoor Siddiqui, Christopher J. Groves, Mini Thankachen, Sharon Turney, Viral Dalal, Pele Banugo, Andrew Baird, Euan Kerr, Simon Tomlins, Laura Osbourne, Nicola Pattison, Stuart Joy, Susan Merotra, Lorna Ryan, Lisa-Jayne Cottam, Chye Siaw, Keelan Jerram, Nurse Diane Scarletta, Carole Paley, Jennie Smith, Will Gatfield, Stephen Alderson, Claire Swarbrick, Amelia van Manen, Stephan Clements, Sophia Strong-Sheldrake, Jake Drinkwater, John McLenachan, Lucinda Williams, Dianne Heaton, Sandor Orosz, Chloe O'Hara, Nina Barratt, Justine Elliot, Michael Gardner, Nicola Crowther, Bharati Rajdev, Linda Hall, Youssef Girgis, Michael Kinsella, Alison Potter, Matthew Martin, Rosie Reece-Anthony, Richard Pugh, Tracey Taylor, Esme Marshall, Wendy Stoker, Helen Worrell, Kay Housley, Rebecca Leslie, Helen Jewitt, Sandeep Sharma, Maire Gallagher, Jon Fenn, Jade Harrison, Hannah Watson, Natalie Morris, Lewis Schofield, Nisha Pattni, Charlotte Thomas, Eleanor Walshe, Richard Snooks, Ruth Murphy, Emily Pickford, Gnanshree Krishnamurthy, Donna McIntosh, Rachel Dolan, Emma Stoddard, Kelly Goffin, Shady Elhallous, Adrian Butler, Ildiko Nemeth, Hannah Wilson, James Sylvester, Melanie Sahni, James Wardlow, Ann Lachana, Emma Barr, Kayleigh Gilbert, Yazzim Hammoud, Peter Csabi, Maqsood Bajwa, James D Turner, Alex Hunt, Samantha Moore, Stephanie Hii, Philip Atkinson, Michelle Walter, Elizabeth Bailey, Frances Tait, Annie Newby, Jane Martin, Greg Forshaw, Bert Quartermain, Sally Humphreys, Aoife Hegarty, Caroline Bennett, Satyajeet Ghatge, Charles Prior, Kribashnie Nundlall, Priaykam Chowdhury, Jill Fitchett, Daiva Bernotaitis, Sandeep Varma, Alex Dunn, Rebecca Dooley, Mahamed Mostafa, Shelly Wood, James Humphreys, Anna Celnik, John Bailes, Mark Snazelle, Christina McCarroll, Matthew Govier, Emert White, Matthew Taylor, Alastair Rose, Brigid Hairsine, Natalie Whybro, Allen George, Robin Wilson, Filipe Vieira, Leon Cohen, Jonathan Womack, Thomas Woodward, Nimali Lochanie, Ben Howes, Joshua Nelson, Preea Gill, Gayle Clifford, Lushani Suntharanathan, Duncan Wagstaff, Steve Pryn, Lalindra Bandara, Sneh Shah, Nowfal Rahman, Iolo Roberts, Mirriam Sangombe, Shaik Subhani, Hannah Phelan, William Udall, Katy Allan, Nicola Zondo, Tim J Peters, James Roe, Catherine Addleton, Angus McKnight, James McCaul, Flora Kormendy, Anil Rao, Luke Vamplew, Andrew Rees, Jeanette Gilbert, Mandy Austin, Thomas Hunt, Sian Birch, Catherine Lloyd, Stewart D'Sylva, Jill Smith, Wendy Lum Hee, Michael Munro, Jean Denton, Julia Hindle, Alice Brown, Ursula Kirwan, Dinithi Yogya, Maria Mclaughlin, Nurse Louise Moran, Larysa Duniec, Sophie Benoliel, Gail Evans, Linda Bailey, Colin Hall, Katie Rowland, Krupali Patel, Ashwini Keshkamat, Zorba Begum, Resti Varquez, Victoria Apps, Giles Bond-Smith, Shirin Dastur, Andy Chapman, Amy Smith, Sarada Gurung, Ruth Delascasas, Nicole Issit, Pauline Sibley, Jaina Parmar, George Madden, Eveliina Nurmi, Katja van de Snepscheut-Jones, Louise Peacock, Vanja Srbljak, Kellie Allen, Andy Chamberlain, Suhail Zaidi, Andrew Boyle, Daniel Stolady, Rita Saha, Mark Clayton, Mitul Patel, Emily King, Hannah Oliver, Ewa Werpachowska, Holly Coles, John Dereix, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Clare Watkinson, David Rogerson, Laurence Inman, Jaspreet Rayet, Jenny Finch, Emma Stewart, K. E. Wilson, Emma Tyson, Asif Gani, Reni Jacob, Neil Smith, Johnny Holland, Max Richardson, Mark Chen, Richard George, Helen Laycock, Anoushka Winton, Emily Hignell, Li Fang, Emma Welfare, Rochelle Velho, Fayaz Baba, Finbar O'Sullivan, Lisa Zeidan, N. Beauchamp, Neil Rasburn, Guy Rousseau, Victoria Roberts, Hollie Bancroft, Holly Maguire, Mechele Couch-Upite, Rahul Kumar, Chandra Bhimarasetty, Matt Lovell, Sujata Anipindi, Charlotte Small, Matthew Faulds, Alex Mattin, Alice O'Donnell, James Jack, Richard Boulding, Tarek Mostafa, Rhian Bull, Corinne Pawley, Ruth Killen, Jessica Lowe, Frances Taylor, Ethel Black, Michael F. M. James, Jenny Child, Lisa Emery, Kim Hoyland, David Hay, Janet Cotta, Josephine Stewart, Sue Spearritt, Laura MacNally, Fatma Lahloub, Katie Welham, Sanjoy Bhattacharyya, Shanteela McCooty, Heena Bidd, Hugo Buckley, Ervin Shpuza, Zaid Ahmed, Emily Craven, Amanda Cook, Caroline Dixon, Tara Pauley, Tariq Azad, Helena Barcraft-Barnes, Sindy Lee, Kate Penhaligon, Bernice Dudkowsky, Karen Ellis, Laura Montague, Ching Pang, Elsie Bickmore, Veronica Marsh, Toby Winterbottom, Marta Campbell, Rhys Hughes, Issie Gardner, Elizabeth Steel, Ramai Santhirapala, Katie Sweet, Michelle Scott, John Ekpa, Bhavia Janardhana, Catriona Frankling, Julia Ottaway, Alexander Middleditch, Elna Cifre, Annabel Pearson, Amanda Cotterill, Sarah Raut, Hannah Blanshard, Sara Eddy, Garry Henry, Elizabeth Hood, Maria Loy, Matthew Campbell, Marc Gimenez, Jessica Thrush, Jeremy Henning, Vlad Kushakavsky, Nikolaos Makris, Deborah Fradkin, Karen Fan, Fiona Hammonds, Kathryn Jackson, John Hadfield, Pyda Venkatesh, David Read, Daniel Zeinali, Ryan Hynd, James Carvell, Richard McCormick, Emily Dodds, Sana Rizvi, Amelia Daniel, Dan Sellers, Thomas E. Miller, Daniel Haigh, Nicky Moss, Patrick Dill-Russell, Priya Shekar, Teresa Melody, Randeep Dhaliwal, Nigel Hollister, Andrew Burtenshaw, Adrian Wagstaff, Ben Scoones, Eduardo Osorio, Joanna Allison, Lucy Willsher, Carol McArthur, Stephan Dalchow, Elaine Winkley, Eleanor Reeves, Ben Eden Green, Andrea Ingham, Mohammad Auldin, Freda Amoakwa-Adu, Jonathan Adams, Fiona Oglesby, Charlotte Steeds, Nurse Sara Greig, Obla Suganthi, Puja Chhaniyara, Clare De'Ath, Chandrakant Gosavi, Bart Ordys, Adele Flowerdew, Doug Tunney, Rachel Alexander, Oliver Griffith, Thomas Saunders, Matthew Maton-Howarth, Gabi Metiu, Akmal Shakoor, Elizabeth Willard, Katherine Russell, Matthew Robinson, Emma O'Kane, Meera Raja, Phillippa Falkner, Kerry Colling, Natasha Joshi, Laura Pearse, Tim J. Smith, Anitha James, Mona Mohamed, Richard Kennedy, Samson Ma, Tasmeen Ghafoor, Matthew N. Davies, Henry Lewith, Samuel Mindel, Sarah-Jane Dunn, Hemangini Barot, Sadie Diamond-Fox, Jenny Macallan, Arun Menon, Helen Farrah, Emma Plunkett, Brendon Spooner, Sorana White, Katie Samuel, David Crabtree, Katherine Cheshire, Gareth Harrop, Dionne Wortley, Tim Warrener, Joanne Mullen, Peter Taysum, John Whitaker, Kathy Wilkinson, Jean Dent, Nicola Farmer, Thelma Darian, Guru Hosdurga, Phillipa Wakefield, Christopher W Horner, Julie Steen, Elena Teh, Helen Gerrish, Betty Travasso, Mhairi Jhugursing, Michelle Gardener, Alexandra Crook, Edward W. Miles, Patricia Doble, Ashok Raj, Hanna Wong, Kay Protheroe, Chiraag Talati, Banher Sandhu, Cara Marshall, Matt Holl, Julie Sheriff, Frances Forrest, Adam Mitchell, Hindusha Keerthikumar, Mohamad Mahmoud, Simon Ben-Nathan, Janice Hartley, Danielle Ormandy, Hayleigh Morris, Steven Tran, Imogen Hayes, Trudy Smith, Kirsty Duell, Jennifer Cunningham, Richard Appleton, Lucy Pippard, Debroah Beeby, Hayley Bridger, Manuel Pinto, Susan Beames, Huiqi Wang, Cain Hunter, Flora Darch, Debbie Weller, Jonathan Hulme, Jacqueline Howes, Michael Kriger, Badrinath Manikundalam, D.J.N. Wong, Tim Arnold, Belinda Wroath, Rachel McKendry, Harry Knight, Caroline Bushell, Victoria Siddons, Louise Humphries, Joanne Vere, Vinanti Cherian, Janine Birch, Kate Blyth, Tatyana Bolonenkova, Meredith Harris, Alice Sisson, Sarah Clark, Sandeep Saxena, Samira Green, Amit Ranjan, Gillian Bennett, Chris Smales, Laura Ferguson, Ash Bharti, Francisca Mautadin, Katherine Brown, Lydia Jones, Christopher Adeney, Nikkita Carden, Sanjay Behl, Sonia Sathe, Elizabeth Neale, Helen French, Charlotte Mundy, Anna Batchelor, David Morris, Nithin Roy, Evelyn Philip, P.A.-A. Marc Hastie, Andrea Cole, Edmund Quak, Claire Totten, Karen McIntosh, Fiona Davis, Søren Kudsk-Iversen, Vanessa Unsworth, Andrew McIndoe, Jeremy Bewley, Sarbpreet Sarao, Laura Wood, Elaine Walker, Egidio Da Silva, Danielle Gilmour, Richard Yardley, Zara Eagle, Vijay Ragothaman, Sean Rayappu, Moira Tait, Alex Hamilton, Chris Gillett, Adeel Majeed, John Elton, Arlo Whitehouse, Fiona Robertson, Tim Martindale, Kin So, Kathryn Dixon, Toby Shipway, Fiona Mcneela, Simon Cousins, Brian Conway, Merate Place, Phil Duggleby, Rhian Morgan, Racquel Carpio, Carina Casey, Edward Mew, Jo Han Gan, Caroline Clark, Natasha Sharma, Kay Anne Mak, Gahan Bose, Chris Ford, Ruoling Yan, Anand Sathiapillai, Panagiotis Sgardelis, Sue Redhead, Arjun Alva, Cathy Jones, Vincent Hamlyn, Gemma Squires, Karen Smallshaw, John Whitwell, Sarah Shaw, Paul Watson, Michelle Cheeseman, Kimberley Netherton, Juneenath Karattuparambil, Niyesa Ranasinghe, Jeet Patel, Rob Lyons, Gemma Bown, Helen Bromhead, Zhana Ignatova, Kudakwashe Nyangoni, Linden Baxter, Thomas Moody, Sachin Valap, Esme Sleap, Mario Fernandes, Kinga Bodo, Jane Silk, Charlie Pope, Donna Ferraioli, Chloe Billingham, Rachel Butterworth, Andrew Kelly, Lesley Hawkins, Issac Gill, Hannah Greenlee, Sue Kirby, Jessica Giles, Anna Pierson, Roxana Sandhar, Claire Smyth, Rhona Younger, Ciara Coary, Arif Qureshi, Tahir Abbas, Corinne Rimmer, James Evans, Ida Ponce, Fenner Christoper, Buzz Shephard, Sophie Tang, Lauren Milian, Joanne Hiden, Dhania Haron, Jamie Calderwood, David Freeman, Virginia McTaggart, Carla Lewis, Chai Obeysekera, Alan H. Cohen, Melvin Leong, Jenni Law, Noor Elahi, Kim Holland, Victor Maduekwe, James Garwood, Lizzie Dawson, Virginia Iqbal, Thomas J Craig, Daniel Shuttleworth, Anand Perumal, Mahmood Saad, Seema Charters, Bethany Tookey, P Gunning, Suresh Panchakshariah, I.J. Wrench, Mayur Murali, Susan McInerney, Paul Foley, Charlotte Perkins, Marie-Louise Svensson, Karen Birnie, Samantha Hagan, Emily Hetherington, Anna-Marie Love, Annette Woods, Karen Green, Steve Hillier, Hannah Conway, Rebecca Reilly, Laura Bubb, Amy Ashford, Andrew Savva, Melody MacGregor, Stephen Lord, Ahmed Hassanin, Ramdas Howard, Laura Ashton, Arihant Jain, Simon Williams, Michael Shaw, Jill Deane, Abbie Singleton, Catriona Routley, Christopher Hall, Robin Webber, Tressy Pitt-Kerby, Stuart M. White, Shannon Gawley, Nick Heseltine, Christina Lalani, Claudia Dulea, Arindam Biswas, Rebecca Harris, Aislinn Brown, Nicholas Francis, Ben Holst, Ryan Perry, Cathie Melvin, Mark Darbyshire, Stephen Mulvany, Amy Ashton, Petrus Fourie, Emma Temlett, Jason Cupitt, Vanisha Patel, Alice Trimble, Andrew Brammar, Sarah Grayland, Eleanor Pett, Tom Standley, Carly Webb, Manamohan Rangaiah, Laura Peltola, Leanne Darwin, Yvonne Grimes, Elizabeth Brodier, Scott Berwick, Adam Janeczko, Madeleine McKee, Katherine Davidson, Jan Woodward, Saurabh Mehotra, Tara Keogh, Kofi Mensah, Joyce Guy, James King, Matt Aldridge, Nicolas Price, Alaine Done, Teresa Jones, Julia Sampson, Smita Bapat, Lauren Perkins, Tamas Szelei, Ryan Kingan, Suleman Mulla, Celia Montgomery, Alex Belcher, Salma Kadiri, Bryan Singizi, Peter Chater-Lea, Jennifer Claire Taylor, Lauren Oswald, Stephanie L. Lee, Rhys Griffiths, Samuel Pestell, John Livesy, Sarah Ciechanowicz, Alexander Stephen Harrison, Richard Partridge, Alex Daniels, Beth Penhaligan, Lyndsay Bibb, Jonathan Little, Margaret Cullen, Anya Eijk, Charlotte Earnshaw, Elena Lynes, Nicholas Jenkins, Inthekab Mohammed Ali, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Vusumuzi Shabangu, Paul-Simon Whitney, Rebecca Denyer, Kathryn Potts, Andrew Ray, Jonny Guy, Mike (Stephen) Kinsella, Pearl Baker, Olga Fernandez, Julian Berry, Callum Forbes, Southcoast Peri-operative Audit, Rebecca Rice, Lisa Horner, Sally Pitts, Kirat Panesar, Joe Stevens, Timothy Molitor, Oon Chiu, Piers Murphy, Sudeshkumar Muniyappa, David George, Jonathan Veitch, Shifa Yaruk, Lynn O'Donohoe, Theresa Murray, Laura Tasker, Johanna Wales, Diane Mellers, Robert Sparrow, Olivia Ward, Emma Shacklock, Janet Middle, Sarah MacLennan, Martin Knight, Lindsay Dawson, Teodora Orasanu, Jo Fletcher, Sarah Martin, Pnt Laloë, Gregor Imrie, Harriet Pudge, Tamsin Gregory, Andrea Wood, Colin Christie, James Penketh, Mia Andrews, Nicky Ford, Ellie Fisher, Sophie Robin, Richard Stewart, Steve Williams, Harriet Gardiner, Alison Evans, Guanmei Luo, Urmila Ratnasabapathy, Ruth Joslyn, R. Sneyd, John Westwood, Naomi Cassells, Olivia Kay, Jordi Margalef, S Butler, Hari Nageswaran, Chloe Searles, Geoffrey Wright, Thomas Potter, Drew Norwood-Green, Jonathan Ramsden, Sarah Bean, Emma Sadler, Anaesthetic Trainees, Stephanie Lewis, Kevin E. Thorpe, Sarah MacLean, Paul Ogle, Mary O'Sullivan, Diane Whitehouse, Mandy Oakley, Rachel Coathup, Harisg Venkatesh, Lisa Burgess, Daniela Smith, Kimberley Plummer, Hilary Robb, Jeanette Grocott, Rebecca Mairs, Helen Gilfillan, Moira Morrison, Sharon Garner, and Tammy Towers

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, State Medicine, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, health care economics and organizations, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Health Facility Size, Postoperative Care, Models, Statistical, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Health services research, Operating room management, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, United Kingdom, Surgery, Obstetrics, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hospital Bed Capacity, General Surgery, Female, business, Emergency Service, Hospital, human activities, Cohort study
Abstract

Background: cancellation of planned surgery impacts substantially on patients and health systems. This study describes the incidence and reasons for cancellation of inpatient surgery in the UK NHS. Methods: we conducted a prospective observational cohort study over 7 consecutive days in March 2017 in 245 NHS hospitals. Occurrences and reasons for previous surgical cancellations were recorded. Using multilevel logistic regression, we identified patient- and hospital-level factors associated with cancellation due to inadequate bed capacity. Results: we analysed data from 14 936 patients undergoing planned surgery. A total of 1499 patients (10.0%) reported previous cancellation for the same procedure; contemporaneous hospital census data indicated that 13.9% patients attending inpatient operations were cancelled on the day of surgery. Non-clinical reasons, predominantly inadequate bed capacity, accounted for a large proportion of previous cancellations. Independent risk factors for cancellation due to inadequate bed capacity included requirement for postoperative critical care [odds ratio (OR)=2.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.12–4.02; PConclusions: a significant proportion of patients presenting for surgery have experienced a previous cancellation for the same procedure. Cancer surgery is relatively protected, but bed capacity, including postoperative critical care requirements, are significant risk factors for previous cancellations.

Published
2018

46. Combining robotic persuasive strategies : the persuasive power of a storytelling robot that uses gazing and gestures

Author

Jaap Ham, John-John Cabibihan, Raymond H. Cuijpers, and Human Technology Interaction

Subjects
Head movement, Persuasion, General Computer Science, Social Psychology, InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI), media_common.quotation_subject, Persuasive technology, InformationSystems_MODELSANDPRINCIPLES, Human–computer interaction, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, media_common, Communication, Social robot, Gestures, business.industry, Gazing, Persuasive robotics, ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, Social robotics, Robotics, Human-Computer Interaction, Philosophy, Control and Systems Engineering, Robot, Artificial intelligence, InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS, Psychology, business, Lying, Storytelling, Gesture
Abstract

Earlier theorizing suggested that an (artificial) agent that combines persuasive strategies will be more persuasive. Therefore, the current research investigated whether a robot that uses two persuasive strategies is more persuasive than a robot that uses only one. Two crucial persuasive strategies that humans use in face-to-face persuasion are gazing and gestures, and therefore we studied the combined and individual contribution of these two persuasive strategies (gestures and gazing) on the persuasiveness of a storytelling robot. A robot told a classical persuasive story about the consequences of lying to forty-eight participants, and was programmed to use (persuasive) gestures (or not) and gazing (or not). Next, we asked participants to evaluate the character in the story thereby assessing the robot’s persuasiveness. Results presented evidence a robot’s persuasiveness is increased when gazing is used. When the robot used gestures, its persuasiveness only increased when it also used gazing. When the robot did not use gazing, using gestures diminished the robot’s persuasiveness. We discuss the implications for theory and design of robots that are more persuasive.

Published
2015
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48. Attitudes of heads of education and directors of research towards the need for social robotics education in universities

Author

John-John Cabibihan, Kimmo J. Vänni, and Sirpa E. Salin

Subjects
Service (business), 0209 industrial biotechnology, Medical education, Social robot, Social work, business.industry, Robotics, 02 engineering and technology, Social robots, 03 medical and health sciences, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0302 clinical medicine, Robots in education, healthcare, Attitude, Health care, Training, Artificial intelligence, Psychology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

We explored the attitudes of the Heads of Education and the Directors of Research towards the need for Social Robotics Courses in Finland. The methods consisted of a cross-sectional survey (n = 21) and data was analyzed with descriptive methods and Pearson correlation tests. The results showed that the attitudes of respondents towards social robots were positive and they stated that robotics courses would be essential for universities. The respondents reported that the social service and healthcare sector will use social robots in the near future, but more training sessions are needed. So far, universities have offered only few applied robotics courses for healthcare students. This study also found that the surveyed universities have not yet taken into account the development of service and social robotics in the healthcare sector. - 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Published
2018

49. If Drones Could See: Investigating Evaluations of a Drone with Eyes

Author

Ruijten, Peter A.M., Cuijpers, Raymond H., Broadbent, Elizabeth, Ge, Shuzhi Sam, Salichs, Miguel A., Castro-González, Álvaro, He, Hongsheng, Cabibihan, John-John, Wagner, Alan R., and Human Technology Interaction

Subjects
Social drones, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Internet privacy, Context (language use), Social cue, 050105 experimental psychology, Drone, Godspeed, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Attitudes, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, RoSAS, business, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Drones are often used in a context where they interact with human users. They, however, lack the social cues that their robotic counterparts have. If drones would possess such cues, would people respond to them more positively? This paper investigates people’s evaluations of a drone with eyes versus one without. Results show mainly positive effects, i.e. a drone with eyes is seen as more social and human-like than a drone without eyes, and that people are more willing to interact with it. These findings imply that adding eyes to a drone that is designed to interact with humans may make this interaction more natural, and as such enable a successful introduction of social drones.

Published
2018
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50. Cartridge syringe vs computer controlled local anesthetic delivery system: Pain related behaviour over two sequential visits - a randomized controlled trial

Author

GeethaPriya Pollachi-Ramakrishnan, Yogesh-Kumar Thoppe-Dhamodhara, Punithavathy Ramachandran, Baby-John John, Praburajan Vilvanathan, and Sharath Asokan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Injection Procedure, business.industry, Local anesthetic, medicine.drug_class, Research, Odontología, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO], Ciencias de la salud, Crossover study, Orofacial pain-TMJD, Surgery, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Anesthesia, UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS, FLACC scale, medicine, Anxiety, Local anesthesia, medicine.symptom, business, General Dentistry, Syringe
Abstract

Background: Local anesthetic injection is one of the most anxiety provoking procedure in dentistry. Knowledge about change in pain related behaviour during consecutive visits helps in and scheduling of treatment procedures and management of children in dental clinic. Aim: To compare the pain perception, behavioural response and the associated change in physiological parameters while receiving local anesthesia injection with cartridge syringe and computer controlled local anesthetic delivery system (CCLAD) over two consecutive visits. Material and Methods: In this randomized controlled cross over trial, 120 children aged 7 – 11 years were randomly divided into group A: receiving injections with CCLAD during first visit; group B: receiving injections with cartridge syringe during first visit. The physiological parameters (heart rate and blood pressure) were recorded before and during injection procedure. Objective evaluation of disruptive behaviour and subjective evaluation of pain perceived were done using Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale and modified facial image scale (FIS) respectively. Results: No statistical difference in pain response ( p = 0.164) and disruptive behaviour ( p = 0.120) between cartridge syringe and CCLAD injections were seen during the first visit although the latter showed lesser scores. However, during the second visit there were significant increase in pain response ( p = 0.004) and disruptive behaviour ( p = 0.006) in cartridge syringe group with an associated increase in heart rate. Conclusions: Injections with CCLAD produced lesser pain ratings and disruptive behaviour than cartridge syringe in children irrespective of order of visit

Published
2015
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