Search

Your search keyword '"Jocelyne Caillon"' showing total 91 results
Start Over Author "Jocelyne Caillon" Topic business
91 results on '"Jocelyne Caillon"'

1. Decreasing proportion of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase among E. coli infections during the COVID-19 pandemic in France

Author

Thomas Coeffic, S. Thibaut, Gabriel Birgand, Jocelyne Caillon, Melanie Colomb Cotinat, and Olivier Lemenand

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medicine.medical_treatment, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Primary care, beta-Lactamases, Young Adult, Antibiotic resistance, Epidemiology, Pandemic, Escherichia coli, Humans, Medicine, Child, Pandemics, Escherichia coli Infections, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, COVID-19, Infant, Interrupted time series, Middle Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Communicable Disease Control, Beta-lactamase, Female, France, Nursing homes, business, Demography
Abstract

We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 and national pandemic response on the epidemiology of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL-E.coli) in France.Individual microbiology records from clinical laboratories were analyzed between 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020. The ESBL-E.coli rates from clinical samples of patients in primary care and nursing home residents were compared before and after the general lockdown in March 2020, according to demographic and geographical characteristics. Interrupted time series analyses were performed to detect measurable changes in the trend of ESBL-E.coli rates.Records covering 793,954 E. coli isolates from 1022 clinical laboratories were analyzed. In primary care, 3.1% of E. coli isolates from clinical samples were producing ESBL before March 2020 and 2.9% since May 2020 (p 0.001). The proportion of ESBL-E.coli decreased significantly among urine cultures, females, age categories 5-19, 40-64, 65 year-old, and in the North, West, East and South-East regions. In nursing home, the ESBL-E.coli rate was 9.3% (monthly rate min-max: 6.5-10.5%) before March 2020 and 8.3% (7.2-9.1%) since May 2020 (p 0.001). The reduction rate accelerated from -0.04%/month to -0.22%/month from May 2020 (p 0.001).Investigation of factors that led to the decreased proportion of ESBL-E.coli during the COVID-19 pandemic is urgently needed.

Published
2021

2. Local characteristics associated with higher prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in community-acquired urinary tract infections: an observational, cross-sectional study

Author

Stéphanie Larramendy, François Beaudeau, Jocelyne Caillon, Leïla Moret, Jean-Pascal Fournier, Aurélie Gaultier, Université de Nantes (UN), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Département de médecine générale [Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales], Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Veterinary medicine, Swine, Cross-sectional study, medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Urinary system, Cephalosporin, Antibiotics, Urine, medicine.disease_cause, beta-Lactamases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Bayesian multivariate linear regression, Escherichia coli, Prevalence, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Escherichia coli Infections, 2. Zero hunger, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, bacterial infections and mycoses, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Community-Acquired Infections, Cross-Sectional Studies, Infectious Diseases, Urinary Tract Infections, Observational study, France, business
Abstract

Objectives The prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) in community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) has been increasing worldwide since 2000, but with large geographical variations. The aim of this study was to determine whether the ESBL-E. coli rate in urine samples from individuals with community-acquired UTI was associated with the local socio-economic, environmental, agricultural and healthcare characteristics. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in western France using data on antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli isolated from urine samples of individuals with community-acquired UTI analysed in non-hospital laboratories from 2015 to 2017. The ESBL-E. coli rate was calculated for each laboratory. Data on socio-economic characteristics, human antibiotic consumption, hospital bed density, animal farming density and percentage of agricultural land and surface water were retrieved at the municipality level and aggregated by study area. Their association with ESBL-E. coli prevalence was quantified using multivariate linear regression models with a backward selection. Results From 358 291 E. coli isolates from urine samples tested in 92 laboratories, the mean ESBL-E. coli prevalence for the study period was 3.30%. In an adjusted model, the ESBL-E. coli rate was significantly (P 65 years old, third-generation cephalosporin use (DDD/1000 inhabitants), number of hospital beds/km2, poultry density, pig density and percentage of agricultural land. Lower deprivation was associated with a higher ESBL-E. coli rate. Conclusions Several anthropogenic factors (primary care, hospitals and animal farming) are associated with the local ESBL-E. coli rate in community-acquired UTI. These results could contribute to improve risk management, including identification of at-risk patient groups.

Published
2020

3. Risk Factors of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases-Producing Escherichia coli Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review

Author

Valentine Deglaire, Stéphanie Larramendy, Jocelyne Caillon, François Beaudeau, Leïla Moret, Jean-Pascal Fournier, and Paul Dusollier

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pharmacology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, Urinary system, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, MEDLINE, Odds ratio, Cochrane Library, bacterial infections and mycoses, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, Systematic review, Internal medicine, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Observational study, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, business
Abstract

Purpose The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) has been increasing worldwide since the early 2000s. E. coli is found in 70-90% of community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs). We performed a systematic literature review to determine the risk factors for CA-UTI caused by ESBL-EC. Methods We searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases without language or date restriction up to March 2019. Two independent reviewers selected studies with quantified risk factors for CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC, and assessed their quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Among the 5,597 studies identified, 16 observational studies (n=12,138 patients) met the eligibility criteria. The included studies were performed in various countries, and 14/16 were published after 2012. The most relevant risk factors for CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC identified were prior use of antibiotics (odds ratio (OR) from 2.2 to 21.4), previous hospitalization (OR: 1.7 to 3.9), and UTI history (OR: 1.3 to 3.8). Two risk factors were related to environmental contamination: travelling abroad, and swimming in freshwater. Conclusion Our findings could allow adapting empiric antibiotic treatments according to the patient profile. Further studies are needed to quantify the relationships between CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC and the environment.

Published
2020

4. A murine model of <scp> Staphylococcus aureus </scp> infected chronic diabetic wound: A new tool to develop alternative therapeutics

Author

Jean-François Huon, Benjamin Gaborit, Jocelyne Caillon, David Boutoille, and Dominique Navas

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus, Time Factors, Spleen, Dermatology, medicine.disease_cause, Diabetes Complications, Mice, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Diabetes mellitus, Skin Ulcer, medicine, Animals, Wound Healing, integumentary system, business.industry, Staphylococcal Infections, medicine.disease, Streptozotocin, Disease Models, Animal, Chronic infection, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bacteremia, Chronic Disease, Immunology, Wound Infection, Female, Surgery, Wound healing, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Diabetic wound infection is a frequent complication that may result in limb amputation. To develop new treatment strategies in response to increasing bacterial resistance, animal models are needed. We created a diabetic mouse model with chronically infected wounds. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin, and wounds were performed using a biopsy punch, and then infected with a clinical strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Chronification was reached by delaying healing thanks to chemical products (aminotriazole and mercaptosuccinic acid). Overall survival, as well as clinical, bacteriological and immunological data in skin, blood and spleens were collected at days 1, 7, and 14 after wounding. After a transient bacteremia proved by bacteria presence in spleen and kidneys in the first days after wounding, infected mice showed a chronic infection, with a bioburden impairing the healing process, and bacteria persistence compared to control mice. Infected mice showed gradual increasing skin levels of IL-17A compared to control mice that resulted in an IL-17/IFN-γ inbalance, pointing out a localized Th17 polarization of the immune response. Whether infected or not, the skin level of IL-10 decreased dramatically at days 1 and 7 after wounding, with an increase observed only in the control mice at day 14. After a decrease at day 1 in both groups, spleen IL-10 showed a rather steady level at days 7 and 14 in the control group compared with the decrease observed in the infected group. The spleen IL-10/IFN-γ ratio showed a systemic inflammatory response with Th1 polarization. Therefore, this model provides useful data to study wound healing. It is easy to reproduce, affordable and offers clinical and biological tools to evaluate new therapeutics.

Published
2020

5. Clavulanate combinations with mecillinam, cefixime or cefpodoxime against ESBL-producing Enterobacterales frequently associated with blaOXA-1 in a paediatric population with febrile urinary tract infections

Author

Philippe Bidet, Anne Vachee, Aurélie Cointe, André Birgy, Emmanuel Cixous, Camille Jung, Philippe Traore, Sarah Ducrocq, Catherine Branger, Marion Decobert, Jocelyne Caillon, Benoit Starck, Said Aberrane, Sandra Timsit, Franck Labbee, Agnès Ferroni, Isabelle Andriantahina, M.-A. Dommergues, Isabelle Breant, Valérie Soussan-Banini, Marleèe Amara, François Dubos, Corinne Levy, Abdelmalek Belgaid, Hélène Garrec, Elsa Sobral, Rodrigue Dessein, Florence Doucet-Populaire, Vincent Gajdos, Irina Craiu, Valérie Sivadon-Tardy, Robert M. Cohen, Jack Breuil, Fouad Madhi, Olivier Vignaud, Stéphane Béchet, Hoang Vu-Thien, Marie Desmarest, H. Haas, Elise Launay, Sandra Biscardi, Emmanuel Grimprel, Didier Pinquier, Claire Amaris Hobson, Emilie Georget, Stéphane Bonacorsi, Anne Farges-Berth, Alain Fiacre, Aurélia Pitsch, Sophie Boyer, Bogdan Cojocaru, Laure Hees, Isabelle Poilane, Gaelle Cuzon, Laetitia Beraud, Marie-Noëlle Adam, Cécile Farrugia, and Aurélien Galerne

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Urinary system, Urine, Cefpodoxime, Gastroenterology, Pharmacokinetics, Cefixime, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Mecillinam, Child, Clavulanic Acid, Pharmacology, business.industry, Ceftizoxime, Amdinocillin, Amoxicillin, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Urinary Tract Infections, Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objectives Oral treatment of febrile urinary tract infections (FUTIs) can be impaired by MDR Enterobacterales often combining ESBL and inhibitor-resistant genes. We studied the impact of β-lactamases and Enterobacterales’ genotypes on the cefixime, cefpodoxime and mecillinam ± amoxicillin/clavulanate MICs. Materials and methods In this multicentric study, we included 251 previously whole-genome-sequenced ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, isolated in French children with FUTIs. The MICs of cefixime, cefpodoxime, mecillinam alone and combined with amoxicillin/clavulanate were determined and analysed with respect to genomic data. We focused especially on the isolates’ ST and their type of β-lactamases. Clinical outcomes of patients who received cefixime + amoxicillin/clavulanate were also analysed. Results All isolates were cefixime and cefpodoxime resistant. Disparities depending on blaCTX-M variants were observed for cefixime. The addition of amoxicillin/clavulanate restored susceptibility for cefixime and cefpodoxime in 97.2% (MIC50/90 of 0.38/0.75 mg/L) and 55.4% (MIC50/90 of 1/2 mg/L) of isolates, respectively, whatever the ST, the blaCTX-M variants or the association with inhibitor-resistant β-lactamases (34.2%). All isolates were susceptible to mecillinam + amoxicillin/clavulanate with MIC50/90 of 0.19/0.25 mg/L, respectively. Neither therapeutic failure nor any subsequent positive control urine culture were reported for patients who received cefixime + amoxicillin/clavulanate as an oral relay therapy (n = 54). Conclusions Despite the frequent association of ESBL genes with inhibitor-resistant β-lactamases, the cefixime + amoxicillin/clavulanate MICs remain low. The in vivo efficacy of this combination was satisfying even when first-line treatment was ineffective. Considering the MIC distributions and pharmacokinetic parameters, mecillinam + amoxicillin/clavulanate should also be an alternative to consider when treating FUTIs in children.

Published
2021

6. Phages versus Antibiotics To Treat Infected Diabetic Wounds in a Mouse Model: a Microbiological and Microbiotic Evaluation

Author

Anne-Gaëlle Leroy, Dominique Navas, Jocelyne Caillon, David Boutoille, Matthieu Grégoire, Emmanuel Montassier, Jean-François Huon, Marie-Anne Vibet, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Microbiotes, Hôtes, Antibiotiques et Résistances bactériennes (MiHAR) (MiHAR), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), The Enteric Nervous System in gut and brain disorders [U1235] (TENS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), DCNS Group [Nantes] (DCNS-Nantes), DCNS group, Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), and NantesU M, Dépôt

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, bacteriophages, Phage therapy, Physiology, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], wound, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Diabetes mellitus, Genetics, microbiota, Medicine, Molecular Biology, Pathogen, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, business.industry, Amoxicillin, Therapeutics and Prevention, medicine.disease, QR1-502, Computer Science Applications, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Staphylococcus aureus, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Modeling and Simulation, business, medicine.drug, Research Article
Abstract

The management of diabetic foot infections is frequently a dead end for surgeons and infectious disease specialists. When the pathogen to be treated is not resistant to conventional antibiotics, the latter tend to unbalance the intestinal microbiota, which is linked to multiple pathologies. A local treatment with bacteriophages, in addition to being as much or even more effective than antibiotics from a clinical and microbiological point of view, makes it possible to respect the patient’s microbiota. These results suggest that the use of this therapeutic alternative is a major avenue and that the introduction of recommendations for their use is now necessary., Diabetes is marked by a range of complications, including chronic infections that can lead to limb amputation. The treatment of infected wounds is disrupted by arteriopathies that reduce tissue perfusion as well as by the critical development of bacterial resistance. We evaluated the impact of a local application of bacteriophages compared to that of a per os administration of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus wound infection. We found that phage treatment resulted in improved clinical healing and a reduction in local bacterial load at 7 and 14 days postinfection. Unlike antibiotics, phage therapy did not deplete the intestinal microbiota of treated animals. Amoxicillin resulted in a reduction of alpha and beta diversities of the murine microbiota and disturbed architecture even 7 days after the end of treatment, whereas phage treatment did not impinge on the microbiota. IMPORTANCE The management of diabetic foot infections is frequently a dead end for surgeons and infectious disease specialists. When the pathogen to be treated is not resistant to conventional antibiotics, the latter tend to unbalance the intestinal microbiota, which is linked to multiple pathologies. A local treatment with bacteriophages, in addition to being as much or even more effective than antibiotics from a clinical and microbiological point of view, makes it possible to respect the patient’s microbiota. These results suggest that the use of this therapeutic alternative is a major avenue and that the introduction of recommendations for their use is now necessary.

Published
2020

7. PK/PD targets of amikacin and gentamicin in ICU patients

Author

A. Coste, L. Jalin, David Boutoille, Stéphane Corvec, Jocelyne Caillon, Matthieu Grégoire, Guillaume Deslandes, Cédric Bretonnière, Microbiotes, Hôtes, Antibiotiques et Résistances bactériennes (MiHAR) (MiHAR), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), DCNS Group [Nantes] (DCNS-Nantes), DCNS group, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôtel-Dieu, The Enteric Nervous System in gut and brain disorders [U1235] (TENS), Service de pneumologie, Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 [Nantes] (IRS2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Institut du Thorax [Nantes], and CCSD, Accord Elsevier

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cmax, law.invention, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, law, polycyclic compounds, Humans, Medicine, Intensive care unit, Prospective Studies, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, Gentamicin, Amikacin, PK/PD models, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Septic shock, PK/PD, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Anesthesia, Gentamicins, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the probability to achieve PK-PD targets in patients with sepsis hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) after a single dose of 30mg/kg of amikacin or 8mg/kg of gentamicin.Patients and methods: This single-center prospective study included 138 ICU patients with severe sepsis or septic shock with an indication for intravenous amikacin (N=89) or gentamicin (N=49). Maximum concentration (Cmax) was measured 30 minutes after infusion completion. PK/PD objectives were respectively Cmax≥60mg/L and ≥30mg/L for amikacin and gentamicin for empirical therapy, and a Cmax/MIC ratio≥8, as per French guidelines.Results: The median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II was 43 and ICU case fatality rate was 34.8%. A causative bacterial agent was identified in 94 patients (68.1%). Three pathogens had acquired aminoglycoside resistance and 15 were naturally resistant. The targeted Cmax for the first dose was achieved in 53 patients (59.6%) receiving amikacin, and one (2.2%) patient receiving gentamicin. Cmax/MIC ratio≥8 was obtained in all patients infected with susceptible pathogens (N=72). Factors associated with Cmax≥60mg/L of amikacin in multivariate analysis were dose per kg of adapted body weight (OR=1.39, P

Published
2020

8. Regulatory T Cells Expressing Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type 2 Play a Major Role in CD4+ T-Cell Impairment During Sepsis

Author

Tanguy Chaumette, Jeremie Poschmann, Fanny Coulpier, Sophie Lemoine, Antoine Asquier, Jocelyne Caillon, Emilie Ronin, Benoît L. Salomon, Benjamin Gaborit, Virginie Le Mabecque, David Boutoille, Marie Chauveau, Cédric Jacqueline, Mickael Vourc'h, Alexandre Bourdiol, Karim Asehnoune, Antoine Roquilly, Benoit Tessoulin, Abderrahmane Sadek, Marion Davieau, Alexis Broquet, Cédric Louvet, Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes - CHU de Nantes), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Staphylococcus aureus, Secondary infection, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chemical and pharmacologic phenomena, medicine.disease_cause, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Sepsis, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, medicine, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II, Immunology and Allergy, Cells, Cultured, Immunosuppression Therapy, Mice, Knockout, Effector, business.industry, Immunosuppression, hemic and immune systems, medicine.disease, In vitro, 3. Good health, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, CD4 Antigens, Immunology, Female, Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2, business
Abstract

Sepsis causes inflammation-induced immunosuppression with lymphopenia and alterations of CD4+ T-cell functions that renders the host prone to secondary infections. Whether and how regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in this postseptic immunosuppression is unknown. We observed in vivo that early activation of Treg during Staphylococcus aureus sepsis induces CD4+ T-cell impairment and increases susceptibility to secondary pneumonia. The tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 positive (TNFR2pos) Treg subset endorsed the majority of effector immunosuppressive functions, and TNRF2 was particularly associated with activation of genes involved in cell cycle and replication in Treg, probably explaining their maintenance. Blocking or deleting TNFR2 during sepsis decreased the susceptibility to secondary infection. In humans, our data paralleled those in mice; the expression of CTLA-4 was dramatically increased in TNFR2pos Treg after culture in vitro with S. aureus. Our findings describe in vivo mechanisms underlying sepsis-induced immunosuppression and identify TNFR2pos Treg as targets for therapeutic intervention.

Published
2020

9. Comparative outcomes of cefazolin versus antistaphylococcal penicillins in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis: a post hoc analysis of a prospective multicentre French cohort study

Author

Alexis Bourreau, Jocelyne Caillon, Paul Le Turnier, Raphaël Lecomte, Colin Deschanvres, Nahema Issa, Thierry Le Tourneau, Fabrice Camou, David Boutoille, Anne-Gaëlle Leroy, Marie Chauveau, and Benjamin Gaborit

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus aureus, 030106 microbiology, Cefazolin, Penicillins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, polycyclic compounds, Medicine, Endocarditis, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Antistaphylococcal penicillins, business.industry, Mortality rate, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Endocarditis, Bacterial, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Infective endocarditis, Female, business, medicine.drug, Cohort study
Abstract

Current guidelines recommend cefazolin as an alternative to antistaphylococcal penicillins (ASPs) in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis despite the lack of comparative study. The objective of this study was to evaluate the comparative outcomes of cefazolin vs. ASPs in MSSA infective endocarditis.This was a retrospective analysis of an observational multicentre cohort study using prospectively collected data from patients with MSSA endocarditis confirmed by endocarditis team and treated either with cefazolin or ASPs between July 2013 and December 2018. Patients were excluded if they received both treatments. The primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality.Of 210 patients included, 53 patients (25.2%) received cefazolin and 157 (74.8%) received ASPs. The overall 90-day mortality rate was 27.6% (58/210 patients), 24.5% (13/53) in the cefazolin group vs. 28.7% (45/157) in the ASP group (p 0.561). Premature antimicrobial discontinuation due to adverse events occurred less frequently with cefazolin than with ASPs (0/53 vs. 13/157 patients; p 0.042). In multivariate analysis, there was no difference in 90-day mortality between cefazolin and ASPs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49-2.91; p 0.681), while age (aOR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.09; p 0.001), Charlson comorbidity index (aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.36 p 0.023), cerebral embolism (aOR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.33-6.14; p 0.007) and intensive care unit admission (aOR, 4.16; 95% CI, 1.89-9.59; p 0.001) were factors significantly associated with higher mortality.Cefazolin seems to be a possible alternative to ASPs in MSSA endocarditis. More studies are needed to confirm these results and determine which treatment should be recommended as first-line therapy.

Published
2020

10. Potential Impact of Umbilical-Cord-Blood Procalcitonin-Based Algorithm on Antibiotics Exposure in Neonates With Suspected Early-Onset Sepsis

Author

Noémie Huetz, Elise Launay, Géraldine Gascoin, Bertrand Leboucher, Christophe Savagner, Jean B. Muller, Sophie Denizot, Cécile Boscher, Jocelyne Caillon, Damien Masson, and Christèle Gras Le Guen

Subjects
newborns, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, antibiotic stewardship, Context (language use), early-onset neonatal infection, risk stratification, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pediatrics, Procalcitonin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, screening tool, Medicine, Medical prescription, Prospective cohort study, Original Research, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), lcsh:RJ1-570, biomarkers, lcsh:Pediatrics, decrease antibiotics exposure, Confidence interval, Neonatal infection, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, business, Algorithm
Abstract

Context: The incidence of early-onset neonatal infection has greatly decreased, but a new diagnostic approach is needed to avoid over-diagnosis and -treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the potential impact of an algorithm incorporating umbilical-cord-blood procalcitonin (PCT) level on neonatal antibiotics prescription rate as compared with current practice. Material and methods: We conducted a prospective study in three maternity wards in France. All term and preterm neonates with the usual risk factors for neonatal group B streptococcus infection were eligible for umbilical-cord-blood PCT testing. We compared the proportion of neonates who were exposed early to antibiotics (before 6 days of life) to that of neonates for whom antibiotics prescription would be indicated according to the PCT-based algorithm. Results: Among the 3080 neonates included, one neonate presented certain infection and 38 neonates probable infection. The global antibiotics prescription rate was 4.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1-5). With the PCT-based algorithm, the potential decrease in prescription rate would be 1.8% (95% CI 1.3-2.3), corresponding to a 39% (95% CI 37.3-40.7) relative reduction in antibiotics exposure (p

Published
2020

11. Epidemiology of Community-Onset Severe Bacterial Infections in Children and Its Evolution: A Population-Based Study in France

Author

T. Gaillot, Jocelyne Caillon, Jean-Michel Roué, Elise Launay, Pierre Bourgoin, Corinne Levy, Robert M. Cohen, Christèle Gras-Le Guen, R. Assathiany, Julie Chantreuil, Fleur Lorton, Jean-Pascal Saulnier, Martin Chalumeau, Gérald Boussicault, and Alain Martinot

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus aureus, Population, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Meningitis, Bacterial, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Streptococcus pneumoniae, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, education, Child, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Mortality rate, Neisseria meningitidis, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Infant, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, medicine.disease, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, France, business, Meningitis, Purpura fulminans
Abstract

Objectives To describe the epidemiology of community-onset severe bacterial infections in children and its recent evolution. Design Prospective, observational, population-based study from 2009 to 2014. Setting An administrative area accounting for 13% of the French pediatric population. Patients All children 1 month to 16 years old who died before admission or were admitted to a PICU for a community-onset severe bacterial infection. Interventions None. Measurements and main results The incidence and mortality rate of community-onset severe bacterial infections were compared with data from a reference population-based study conducted between 2000 and 2006, that is, before national recommendations for antimeningococcal C and antipneumococcal generalized vaccinations. Among the 261 children included (median age 25 mo), 28 (10.7%) died. The main diagnoses were meningitis (n = 85; 32%) and purpura fulminans (n = 59; 22%). The most common isolated bacteria were Neisseria meningitidis (n = 75; 29%), including 47 (63%) cases of serogroup B and 15 (20%) serogroup C, Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 49, 19%), and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 15; 6%). The incidence of community-onset severe bacterial infections was three per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 2.6-3.3) and had decreased by 53% from the reference period. Mortality rate was 0.3 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 0.2-0.4) and had decreased by 73% from the reference period. The incidence of community-onset severe bacterial infections caused by N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae was 0.8 and 0.5 per 100,000 person-years and had decreased by 70% and 67% from the reference period. The incidence of community-onset severe bacterial infections-related to Staphylococcus aureus was 0.16 per 100,000 person-years and had increased by 220% from the reference period. Conclusions The incidence and mortality rate of community-onset severe bacterial infections, except for S. aureus infection, have decreased in France. N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae continue to account for many infections, which indicates the need for better vaccination coverage and spectrum.

Published
2020

12. Impact of fecal microbiota transplantation on chronic recurrent pouchitis in ulcerative colitis with ileo-anal anastomosis: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial

Author

Ghislaine Le Garcasson, Caroline Trang-Poisson, Lucie Planche, Pascale Bémer, Elise Kerdreux, Alexandra Poinas, Harry Sokol, Karine Cabanas, Patrice Le Pape, Alexandra Jobert, Emmanuel Montassier, Jocelyne Caillon, Didier Lepelletier, Laurent Flet, Laetitia Biron, Eliane Hivernaud, Berthe-Marie Imbert, Arnaud Bourreille, Anne Chiffoleau, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Université de Nantes (UN), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Microbiotes, Hôtes, Antibiotiques et Résistances bactériennes (MiHAR) (MiHAR), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Jobert, Alexandra

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Anastomosis, Pouchitis, Gastroenterology, law.invention, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Study Protocol, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis, Double-Blind Method, Randomized controlled trial, Recurrence, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Colitis, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, lcsh:R5-920, Proctocolectomy, business.industry, Proctocolectomy, Restorative, medicine.disease, Ulcerative colitis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Transplantation, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Chronic Disease, Quality of Life, Randomized controlled trials, Colitis, Ulcerative, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, France, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), Dysbiosis
Abstract

Background Almost 15% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) will require a proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) as a result of fulminant colitis, dysplasia, cancer, or medical refractory diseases. Around 50% will experience pouchitis, an idiopathic inflammatory condition involving the ileal reservoir, responsible for digestive symptoms, deterioration in quality of life, and disability. Though the majority of initial cases of pouchitis are easily managed with a short course of antibiotics, in about 10% of cases, inflammation of the pouch becomes chronic with very few treatments available. Previous studies have suggested that manipulating the composition of intestinal flora through antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics achieved significant results for treating acute episodes of UC-associated pouchitis. However, there is currently no established effective treatment for chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel therapy involving the transfer of normal intestinal flora from a healthy donor to a patient with a medical condition potentially caused by the disrupted homeostasis of intestinal microbiota or dysbiosis. Methods Our project aims to compare the delay of relapse of chronic recurrent pouchitis after FMT versus sham transplantation. Forty-two patients with active recurrent pouchitis after having undergone an IPAA for UC will be enrolled at 12 French centers. The patients who respond to antibiotherapy will be randomized at a ratio of 1:1 to receive either FMT or sham transplantation. Discussion On April 30, 2014, the World Health Organization published an alarming report on antibiotic resistance. Finding an alternative medical treatment to antibiotics in order to prevent relapses of pouchitis is therefore becoming increasingly important given the risk posed by multiresistant bacteria. Moreover, if the results of this study are conclusive, FMT, which is less expensive than biologics, could become a routine treatment in the future. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03524352. Registered on 14 May 2018.

Published
2020

13. A meta-analysis of outcomes of in-situ reconstruction after total or partial removal of infected abdominal aortic graft

Author

Michel Batt, Jocelyne Caillon, Fabrice Camou, Frédéric Laurent, Matthieu Revest, Christian Chidiac, Eric Senneville, Amandine Coffy, Jean Pierre Daures, Brigitte Calvet, and Patrick Feugier

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Prosthesis-Related Infections, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Risk Assessment, Gastroenterology, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Cause of Death, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, In patient, Hospital Mortality, Device Removal, Male gender, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Mortality rate, Age Factors, General Medicine, Infected aortic graft, Middle Aged, Partial resection, Prognosis, Survival Analysis, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, 3. Good health, Increased risk, 030228 respiratory system, Meta-analysis, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Statistical correlation, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is currently a lack of evidence for the relative effectiveness of partial resection (PR) and total resection (TR) before managing abdominal aortic graft infection (AGI). Most authorities agree that TR is mandatory for intracavitary AGI in patients with favorable conditions but there is an increasing number of patients with severe comorbidities for whom this approach is not suitable, resulting in a prohibitive mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate indication for TR or PR. METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted on the rates of early/late mortality, amputations and reinfection. A meta-regression was performed with 8 variables: patient age, male prevalence, presence of virulent or nonvirulent organisms, urgency, omentoplasty and follow-up. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies and 1.052 patients were included. For TR and PR the rates of early mortality and reinfection were 16.8% and 10.5%, 11% and 27% respectively. For TR urgency and male gender were associated with increased rate of early mortality and male gender, PDF and virulent organisms were associated with increased risk of reinfection. For PR no statistical correlation was analyzable except for PDF with increased risk of reinfection. CONCLUSIONS: Early mortality rates are higher for TR and reinfection rates are higher for PR. For TR early mortality increases in urgent cases and it is suggested that alternative option must be discussed, reinfection decreases in the presence of nonvirulent organisms and TR seems optimal. For TR and PR reinfection increases in presence of PDF and alternative technique may be more appropriate.

Published
2020

14. Interleukin-22 regulates interferon lambda expression in a mice model of pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia

Author

Jocelyne Caillon, Cédric Jacqueline, Mickael Vourc'h, Karim Asehnoune, Régis Josien, Antoine Roquilly, Jerome Martin, Anissa Besbes, Alexis Broquet, Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Institut de transplantation urologie-néphrologie (ITUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 [Nantes] (IRS2), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Neutrophils, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease_cause, Interleukin-22, Interleukin 22, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Interferon, Lung, Interleukin, Up-Regulation, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neutrophil Infiltration, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Cytokines, Female, medicine.drug, Immunology, Bronchi, Microbiology, Alveolar cells, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Host response, Animals, Humans, Pseudomonas Infections, Molecular Biology, A549 cell, business.industry, Interleukins, Pneumonia, Receptors, Interleukin, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Disease Models, Animal, Interferon-λ, 030104 developmental biology, A549 Cells, Alveolar epithelial cells, Interferons, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Background Interleukin (IL)-22 is a cytokine involved in tissue protection and repair following lung pathologies. Interferon (IFN)-λ cytokines displayed similar properties during viral infection and a synergy of action between these two players has been documented in the intestine. We hypothesize that during Pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge, IL-22 up-regulates IFN-λ and that IFN-λ exhibits protective functions during Pseudomonas aeruginosa acute pneumonia model in mice. Methods Using an in vitro human alveolar epithelial cell line A549, we assessed the ability of IL-22 to enhance IFN-λ expression during infection. IFN-λ protective function was evaluated in an acute mouse pneumonia model. Results We first demonstrated in murine lungs that only type-II alveolar cells express IL-22 receptor and that IL-22 treatment of A549 cell line up-regulates IFN-λ expression. In a murine acute pneumonia model, IL-22 administration maintained significant IFN-λ levels in the broncho-alveolar fluids whereas IL-22 neutralization abolished IFN-λ up-regulation. In vivo administration of IFN-λ during Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia improves mice outcome by dampening neutrophil recruitment and decreasing epithelium damages. Discussion We show here that IL-22 regulates IFN-λ levels during Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.

Published
2020

15. Vaccine-preventable severe morbidity and mortality caused by meningococcus and pneumococcus: A population-based study in France

Author

Jocelyne Caillon, Jean-Michel Roué, Pierre Bourgoin, Gérald Boussicault, Marie Bucchia, R. Assathiany, Alain Martinot, Christèle Gras-Le Guen, Julie Chantreuil, Martin Chalumeau, Jean-Pascal Saulnier, Fleur Lorton, T. Gaillot, Robert M. Cohen, Elise Launay, and Corinne Levy

Subjects
Male, Serotype, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Population, Meningococcal Vaccines, Context (language use), Neisseria meningitidis, Pneumococcal Infections, law.invention, Pneumococcal Vaccines, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, education, education.field_of_study, Immunization Programs, business.industry, Vaccination, Infant, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Meningococcal Infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Severe morbidity, Female, Observational study, France, business, Program Evaluation
Abstract

Background In a context of suboptimal vaccination coverage and increasing vaccine hesitancy, we aimed to study morbidity and mortality in children related to missing or incomplete meningococcal C and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Methods We conducted a prospective, observational, population-based study from 2009 to 2014 in a French administrative area that included all children from age 1 month to 16 years who died before admission or were admitted to an intensive care unit for a community-onset bacterial infection. Vaccine-preventable infection was defined as an infection with an identified serotype included in the national vaccine schedule at the time of infection and occurring in a non- or incompletely vaccinated child. Death and severe sequelae were studied at hospital discharge. Frequencies of vaccine-preventable morbidity and mortality caused by meningococcus and pneumococcus were calculated. Results Among the 124 children with serotyped meningococcal (n = 75) or pneumococcal (n = 49) severe infections included (median age 26 months), 20 (16%) died and 12 (10%) had severe sequelae. Vaccine-preventable infections accounted for 18/124 infections (15%, 95% CI 9, 22), 5/20 deaths (25%, 95% CI 9, 49), and 3/12 severe sequelae cases (25%, 95% CI 0, 54). The vaccine schedule for meningococcal C and pneumococcal conjugate vaccinations was incomplete for 71/116 (61%) children targeted by at least one of these two vaccination programs. Conclusions Mortality and morbidity rates related to vaccine-preventable meningococcal or pneumococcal infection could be reduced by one quarter with better implementation of immunisation programs. Such information could help enhance the perception of vaccine benefits and fight vaccine hesitancy.

Published
2018

16. Beyond Piperacillin-Tazobactam: Cefepime and AAI101 as a Potent β-Lactam−β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combination

Author

Jocelyne Caillon, Joseph D Rutter, Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace, Gilles Potel, Melissa D. Barnes, Christopher R. Bethel, Robert A. Bonomo, Magdalena A. Taracila, Stuart Shapiro, Saralee Bajaksouzian, Cédric Jacqueline, Amokrane Reghal, and Michael R. Jacobs

Subjects
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, medicine.drug_class, Cefepime, Antibiotics, Pharmacology, Tazobactam, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, In vivo, polycyclic compounds, medicine, Potency, Experimental Therapeutics, Pharmacology (medical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Triazoles, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination, Infectious Diseases, Sulbactam, Piperacillin/tazobactam, beta-Lactamase Inhibitors, business, Azabicyclo Compounds, medicine.drug
Abstract

Impeding, as well as reducing, the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative pathogens is an urgent public health endeavor. Our current antibiotic armamentarium is dwindling, while major resistance determinants (e.g., extended-spectrum β-lactamases [ESBLs]) continue to evolve and disseminate around the world. One approach to attack this problem is to develop novel therapies that will protect our current agents. AAI101 is a novel penicillanic acid sulfone β-lactamase inhibitor similar in structure to tazobactam, with one important difference. AAI101 possesses a strategically placed methyl group that gives the inhibitor a net neutral charge, enhancing bacterial cell penetration. AAI101 paired with cefepime, also a zwitterion, is in phase III of clinical development for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. Here, AAI101 was found to restore the activity of cefepime against class A ESBLs (e.g., CTX-M-15) and demonstrated increased potency compared to that of piperacillin-tazobactam when tested against an established isogenic panel. The enzymological properties of AAI101 further revealed that AAI101 possessed a unique mechanism of β-lactamase inhibition compared to that of tazobactam. Additionally, upon reaction with AAI101, CTX-M-15 was modified to an inactive state. Notably, the in vivo efficacy of cefepime-AAI101 was demonstrated using a mouse septicemia model, indicating the ability of AAI101 to bolster significantly the therapeutic efficacy of cefepime in vivo. The combination of AAI101 with cefepime represents a potential carbapenem-sparing treatment regimen for infections suspected to be caused by Enterobacteriaceae expressing ESBLs.

Published
2019

17. Study of 109 Achromobacter spp. isolates from 9 French CF centres reveals the circulation of a multiresistant clone of A. xylosoxidans belonging to ST 137

Author

Hoang Vu-Thien, Benoit Sarret, Jennifer Tetu, Agnès Ferroni, Julien Bador, Hélène Guet-Revillet, Christine Segonds, Audrey Bajard, Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Juliette Sauge, Matthieu Lhoumeau, Emilie Cardot-Martin, Patrick Plésiat, Anne Doléans-Jordheim, Lucie Amoureux, E. Thomas, Vincent Cattoir, C. Neuwirth, Jocelyne Caillon, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Vaincre la mucoviscidose (Paris, France) RF20150501371

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, clone (Java method), DNA, Bacterial, Imipenem, Identification, Achromobacter, Cystic Fibrosis, Resistance, Ceftazidime, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Meropenem, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, polycyclic compounds, Medicine, Humans, biology, business.industry, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Sequence types, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, nrdA, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Ciprofloxacin, 030104 developmental biology, 030228 respiratory system, Achromobacter denitrificans, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, ST 137, Multilocus sequence typing, France, business, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, medicine.drug, MLST, Multilocus Sequence Typing
Abstract

International audience; We previously reported the distribution of Achromobacter spp. (species and Sequence Types (ST)) in our French Cystic Fibrosis (CF) centre. In the present study we collected 109 Achromobacter isolates (1/patient) from 9 other French CF Centres for species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testings and Multilocus-Sequence-Typing (MLST) analysis. Ten species were detected, A. xylosoxidans being the most predominant one (73.4% of the isolates). Piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem and ciprofioxacin were respectively active against 88, 70, 79, 72 and 23% of the isolates. Among the 79 A. xylosoxidans isolates, 46 STs were detected. Interestingly, ST 137, recovered in 4 centres (5 patients), was previously detected in our centre (2 patients). The strains from the 7 patients belonged to the same pulsotype (pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis analysis) and harboured acquired resistance to meropenem, ceftazidime, ciprofioxacin, and except for 2 isolates, to imipenem and piperacillin-tazobactam. This is the first description in France of a circulating multiresistant A. xylosoxidans strain.

Published
2019

18. Corrigendum to ‘Editor's Choice – European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2020 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Vascular Graft and Endograft Infections’ [European Journal of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery 59/3 (2020) 339–384]

Author

Nabil Chakfé, Holger Diener, Anne Lejay, Ojan Assadian, Xavier Berard, Jocelyne Caillon, Inge Fourneau, Andor W.J.M. Glaudemans, Igor Koncar, Jes Lindholt, Germano Melissano, Ben R. Saleem, Eric Senneville, Riemer H.J.A. Slart, Zoltan Szeberin, Maarit Venermo, Frank Vermassen, Thomas R. Wyss, null ESVS Guidelines Committee, Gert J. de Borst, Frederico B. Gonçalves, Stavros K. Kakkos, Philippe Kolh, Riikka Tulamo, Melina V. de Ceniga, null Document Reviewers, Regula S. von Allmen, Jos C. van den Berg, E. Sebastian Debus, Mark J.W. Koelemay, Jose P. Linares-Palomino, Gregory L. Moneta, Jean-Baptiste Ricco, and Anders Wanhainen

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General surgery, Endovascular surgery, Regret, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 030230 surgery, Vascular surgery, 3. Good health, Clinical Practice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surgical site, medicine, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Vascular graft
Abstract

The authors regret there were mistakes in Table 12 concerning adjusted risk estimation for surgical site infections of the lower limbs. The authors would like to thank Dr Tresson and colleagues for their careful reading and to apologise for any inconvenience. Table 12 should be read as below

Published
2020

19. Clostridium difficile infections: analysis of recurrence in an area with low prevalence of 027 strain

Author

A. Guillouzouic, Pascale Bémer, Jocelyne Caillon, C. Bourigault, E. Thomas, C. Eckert, S. Corvec, J. Orain, and David Boutoille

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Strain (chemistry), Clostridioides difficile, business.industry, 030106 microbiology, Clostridium Infections, General Medicine, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium difficile infections, Article, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Infectious Diseases, Recurrence, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, business
Published
2016

20. Should we reconsider cefazolin for treating staphylococcal meningitis? A retrospective analysis of cefazolin and cloxacillin cerebrospinal fluid levels in patients treated for staphylococcal meningitis

Author

Karim Lakhal, G. Deslandes, Jocelyne Caillon, Emmanuel Canet, Cédric Bretonnière, B.J. Gaborit, François Raffi, Lydie Katchatourian, Aurélie Guillouzouic, Guillaume Deslandes, Maeva Lefebvre, Paul Le Turnier, D. Boutoille, Nathalie Asseray, R. Lecomte, Raphaël Cinotti, Julia Brochard, Charlotte Biron, Raphaël Lecomte, A.-G. Leroy, Colin Deschanvres, Matthieu Grégoire, Jean-Philippe Talarmin, Anne-Gaëlle Leroy, M. Gregoire, Thomas Guimard, Benjamin Gaborit, David Boutoille, Eric Dailly, Vincent Dubée, Marie Chauveau, Ronan Bellouard, Stéphane Corvec, C. Deschanvres, Pascale Bémer, P. Le Turnier, Jean Philippe Talarmin, The Enteric Nervous System in gut and brain disorders [U1235] (TENS), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université d'Angers (UA), DCNS Group [Nantes] (DCNS-Nantes), and DCNS group

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Staphylococcus aureus, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Cefazolin, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Mass Spectrometry, Meningitis, Bacterial, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cloxacillin, Interquartile range, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Internal medicine, polycyclic compounds, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Therapeutic drug monitoring, Female, business, Meningitis, Chromatography, Liquid, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objectives To assess the meningeal penetration of cefazolin and cloxacillin in individuals treated for methicillin-susceptible staphylococcal meningitis. Methods We retrospectively identified individuals treated for Staphylococcus meningitis with measurements of cefazolin or cloxacillin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a validated assay of liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry at the Nantes University Hospital between January 2009 and October 2019. Staphylococcus meningitis was defined by a compatible clinical presentation and a microbiological confirmation (positive CSF culture or positive specific PCR). Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed to collect microbiological and clinical data, and to assess therapeutic success. Results Among the 17 included individuals, eight (47%) were treated with cefazolin and nine (53%) with cloxacillin. Median daily dosages of cefazolin and cloxacillin were 8 g (range 6–12 g) and 12 g (range 10–13 g), respectively. Cefazolin and cloxacillin were mainly administered by continuous infusion. Eleven individuals (65%) were men, median (interquartile range (IQR)) age was 54 years (50; 70), 14 (82%) had postoperative meningitis and 3 (18%) had haematogenous meningitis. Median (IQR) antibiotic CSF concentrations were 2.8 mg/L (2.1; 5.2) and 0.66 mg/L (0.5; 0.9) for cefazolin and cloxacillin groups, respectively. Cloxacillin was discontinued in two individuals for therapeutic failure. Conclusions Patients with staphylococcal meningitis treated with high-dose continuous intravenous infusion of cefazolin achieved therapeutic concentrations in CSF. Cefazolin appears to be a therapeutic candidate that should be properly evaluated in this indication.

Published
2020

21. Live intramacrophagic Staphylococcus aureus as a potential cause of antibiotic therapy failure: observations in an in vivo mouse model of prosthetic vascular material infections

Author

Pierre Tattevin, Virginie Le Mabecque, Jocelyne Caillon, Karine Steenkeste, Rym Boudjemaa, Romain Briandet, Cédric Jacqueline, Matthieu Revest, David Boutoille, Marie-Pierre Fontaine-Aupart, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris Sud (Paris 11), Laboratoire de Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires (PPSM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Infectious Diseases Department, Nantes University Hospital, Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Collège des enseignants des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, 2014-172, Ministère de l’Education Nationale et de la Recherche, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Antibiotics, medicine.disease_cause, confocal microscopy, antibiotics, Cytosol, Recurrence, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, antibiotic therapy, Macrophage, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Treatment Failure, bacteria, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microscopy, Confocal, biology, Staphylococcal Infections, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Staphylococcus aureus, Female, host (organism), Intracellular, Microbiology (medical), staphylococcus aureus, Prosthesis-Related Infections, mice, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, macrophage, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, In vivo, Animals, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Pharmacology, business.industry, Macrophages, Biofilm, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, infection, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Disease Models, Animal, biofilms, business, Bacteria, prostheses
Abstract

International audience; Objectives: To evaluate the significant role played by biofilms during prosthetic vascular material infections (PVMIs).Methods: We developed an in vivo mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus PVMI allowing its direct observation by confocal microscopy to describe: (i) the structure of biofilms developed on Dacron® vascular material; (ii) the localization and effect of antibiotics on these biostructures; and (iii) the interaction between bacteria and host tissues and cells during PVMI.Results: In this model we demonstrated that the biofilm structures are correlated to the activity of antibiotics. Furthermore, live S. aureus bacteria were visualized inside the macrophages present at the biofilm sites, which is significant as antibiotics do not penetrate these immune cells.Conclusions: This intracellular situation may explain the limited effect of antibiotics and also why PVMIs can relapse after antibiotic therapy.

Published
2018

22. A Meta-Analysis of Outcomes After In Situ Reconstructions for Aortic Graft Infection

Author

Michel Batt, Matthieu Revest, Frederic Laurent, Christian Chidiac, Amandine Coffy, Jocelyne Caillon, Jean Pierre Daures, Brigitte Calvet, Patrick Feugier, Eric Senneville, Fabrice Camou, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisé - Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique - EA 2415 (AIDMP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Unité de Chirurgie Vasculaire, CHU Lyon, Hôpital Saint-André, Département des Maladies Infectieuses [CH Tourcoing] (Hôpital Gustave Dron), Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing-Centre Hospitalier Gustave Dron [Tourcoing], Service de bactériologie et hygiène hospitalière [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CH Béziers, Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis (StaPath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Centre Hospitalier Gustave Dron [Tourcoing]-Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, Prosthesis-Related Infections, reconstruction, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Treatment outcome, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Prosthesis Design, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Blood vessel prosthesis, Humans, Medicine, Prosthesis design, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prosthesis-Related Infection, Aortic graft, business.industry, in situ, infection, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, 3. Good health, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, surgical procedures, operative, graft, cardiovascular system, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, aortic
Abstract

Objective: To confirm the advantage of in situ reconstruction (ISR) over extra-anatomic reconstruction (EAR) for aortic graft infection and determine the most appropriate conduit including autogenous veins, cryopreserved allografts, and synthetic prosthesis (standard, rifampicin of silver polyesters). Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted with rate of mortality, graft occlusion, amputation, and reinfection. A meta-regression was performed with 4 factors: patients’ age, presence of prosthetic-duodenal fistula (PDF), virulent organisms, or nonvirulent organisms. Results: In situ reconstruction over EAR seems to favor all events. For the 5 conduits used for ISR, according to operative mortality, age of the patients looks to have a positive correlation only for silver polyester and no conduit present any advantage in the presence of PDF. Reinfection seems to be not significantly different for the 5 conduits, and only autogenous veins appear to have a positive correlation with infecting organisms. Conclusion: In situ reconstruction may be considered as first-line treatment. Our results suggest that silver polyesters appear to be most appropriate for older patients, and in order to limit reinfection, autogenous veins are probably the most suitable conduit.

Published
2018

23. A Meta-Analysis of Outcomes of In Situ Reconstruction after Total or Partial Removal of Infected Abdominal Aortic Grafts?

Author

Fabrice Camou, Eric Senneville, Jocelyne Caillon, Patrick Feugier, Michel Batt, Jean Pierre Daures, Christian Chidiac, Matthieu Revest, Frédéric Laurent, Amandine Coffy, and Brigitte Calvet

Subjects
Aortic graft, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Operative mortality, General Medicine, Partial resection, Gastroenterology, Amputation, Patient age, Internal medicine, Meta-analysis, Total removal, Medicine, business, Statistical correlation
Abstract

Objective: To determine the most appropriate indication for total resection (TR) or partial resection(PR) of infected aortic grafts.Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted on the rates of early/late mortality, amputations and reinfection. A meta-regression was performed with 8 variables: patient age, male prevalence, presence of prosthetic duodenal fistula (PDF), presence of virulent or nonvirulent organisms, urgency, omentoplasty and follow-up.Results: For TR and PR, the rates of early mortality and reinfection were 16.8% and 10.5%, 11% and 27% respectively.For TR, the rates of early mortality and reinfection for in situ reconstruction with allografts and veins were 23% and 10.7%, 10.5% and 2.8% respectively.For TR, urgency, male gender and omentoplasty all had a negative correlation with early mortality. Omentoplasty had a positive correlation with late mortality. Male gender, PDF and virulent organisms had a negative correlation with reinfection, whereas nonvirulent organisms had a positive correlation. Presence of PDF and follow-up had a negative correlation with amputation, whereas male gender had a positive correlation. For PR, no statistical correlation was analyzable except a negative correlation between PDF and reinfection.Conclusion: For TR, operative mortality increases in males, and in emergencies, so total removal of the infected aortic graft seems not advisable, and alternative interventions should be considered. With regard to the risk of reinfection, TR appears recommendable in the presence of nonvirulent infectious organisms, but there is increased risk in the presence of virulent organisms and PDF, and so other optimal options may be discussed.For PR results were not analyzable except for a negative correlation in the presence of PDF.

Published
2018

24. Is There an Association Between Use of Amoxicillin-Clavulanate and Resistance to Third-Generation Cephalosporins in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli at the Hospital Level?

Author

Marie-Anne Vibet, Eric Batard, Aurélie Marquet, Guillaume Chapelet, François Javaudin, Emmanuel Montassier, Jocelyne Caillon, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Service des Urgences [CHU Nantes], Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes, and Microbiotes, Hôtes, Antibiotiques et Résistances bactériennes (MiHAR) (MiHAR)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.drug_class, Klebsiella pneumoniae, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Cephalosporin, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, beta-Lactamases, Third generation cephalosporins, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, medicine, Humans, Antibiotic use, Clavulanic Acid, Escherichia coli Infections, Hospital use, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pharmacology, AMOXICILLIN/CLAVULANATE, biology, business.industry, Hospital level, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cephalosporins, Klebsiella Infections, 3. Good health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract

Amoxicillin-clavulanate is extensively used in European hospitals. Whether the hospital use of amoxicillin-clavulanate is associated with nonsusceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) in Klebsiella pneumoniae is unknown. Our aim was to assess the relationship between the hospital use of amoxicillin-clavulanate and 3GC nonsusceptibility in K. pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.Yearly data of antibiotic use and 3GC nonsusceptibility in K. pneumoniae and E. coli were obtained from 33 French hospitals between 2011 and 2016. Decreased susceptibility to 3GC and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) production were modelled from antibiotic use with linear mixed models on years 2011 to 2015, and validated on year 2016.Nonsusceptibility to 3GC increased in K. pneumoniae and E. coli. In a multivariable model that included year and use of 3GC and fluoroquinolones as explanatory variables, amoxicillin-clavulanate use was protective against 3GC nonsusceptibility in K. pneumoniae (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.992 [0.988-0.997]), and with ESBL production in K. pneumoniae (IRR, 0.989 [0.985-0.992]). The correlation coefficient between observed and predicted numbers of 3GC-nonsusceptible K. pneumoniae in 2016 was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.89-0.98). There was no significant association between amoxicillin-clavulanate use and 3GC nonsusceptibility in E. coli.Amoxicillin-clavulanate hospital use was protective against nonsusceptibility to 3GC in K. pneumoniae. Conversely, it was not associated with susceptibility to 3GC in E. coli. To decrease the hospital use of 3GC and fluoroquinolones, and 3GC nonsusceptibility in K. pneumoniae, it may be acceptable to increase the hospital use of amoxicillin-clavulanate. Interventional studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

Published
2017

25. Challenges of controlling a large outbreak of OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a French university hospital

Author

Jocelyne Caillon, G. Blancho, David Boutoille, B. Semin-Pelletier, C. Bourigault, Stéphane Corvec, L. Cazet, J. Connault, Didier Lepelletier, Eric Batard, C. Agard, M.-E. Juvin, M. Hourmant, and F. Raffi

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Klebsiella pneumoniae, beta-Lactamases, Disease Outbreaks, Hospitals, University, Young Adult, Disease Transmission, Infectious, medicine, Humans, Index case, Epidemic strain, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross Infection, Infection Control, biology, business.industry, Outbreak, General Medicine, Carbapenemase producing, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, University hospital, Klebsiella Infections, Infectious Diseases, Cohort, Emergency medicine, Female, France, Urine sample, business
Abstract

A large outbreak of OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae at Nantes University Hospital was investigated. The index case had no history of travel or hospitalization abroad and had been hospitalized in the internal medicine department for more than one month when the epidemic strain was isolated from a urine sample in June 2013. Seventy-two secondary cases were detected by weekly screening for gastrointestinal colonization during the two phases of the outbreak from June to October 2013 (33 cases) and from November 2013 to August 2014 (39 cases). Spread of the epidemic strain was attributed to the proximity of, and staff movement between, the infectious diseases (32 cases) and the internal medicine (26 cases) departments; 14 secondary cases were also observed in the renal transplant department following the transfer of an exposed patient from the infectious diseases department. Most of the patients (90%) were colonized and no death was linked to the epidemic strain. More than 3000 contact patients were reviewed and 6000 rectal swabs were performed. Initial control measures failed to control the outbreak owing to the late detection of the index case. The late implementation of three successive cohort units, the large number of transfers between wards, and the frequent readmission of cases contributed to the incomplete success of control measures.

Published
2015

26. Pharmacokinetics of linezolid treatment using intravenous and oral administrations in extremely premature infants

Author

Jean-Christophe Rozé, Jocelyne Caillon, Dominique Navas, Christèle Gras-Le Guen, Arnaud Legrand, Mélanie Sicard, Cédric Jacqueline, Elise Launay, Guillaume Deslandes, Université de Nantes (UN), Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Male, Antibiotics, Administration, Oral, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 0303 health sciences, Leukopenia, Premature infants, General Medicine, Staphylococcal Infections, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Infant, Extremely Premature, Anesthesia, Injections, Intravenous, Vancomycin, Female, medicine.symptom, medicine.drug, Staphylococcus aureus, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Gestational Age, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Neutropenia, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 030225 pediatrics, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Staphylococcus epidermidis, medicine, Humans, Pharmacokinetics, Adverse effect, Retrospective Studies, Pharmacology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Linezolid, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, chemistry, bacteria, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Introduction Vancomycin is the usual antibiotic treatment in coagulase-negative staphylococcus sepsis in premature infants but causes renal toxicity. As linezolid is effective in Gram-positive cocci infection, and devoid of renal side-effects, it has been used in Nantes neonatal intensive care units and linezolid plasma concentrations were monitored. Aim The aims of this study are to report data on linezolid concentrations in premature infants, describe clinical and bacteriological evolution during treatment, and determine potential side effects. Methods A retrospective observational study of premature infants treated with linezolid in Nantes Hospital from January 2008 through November 2011 was conducted. Linezolid plasma concentrations, possible side effects due to linezolid, and clinical response to linezolid treatment were collected from folder review. Results Twenty-four linezolid plasma concentrations were monitored in 16 premature patients, at steady state for continuous intravenous administration or 7 ± 1.5 h after last oral administration. Except for one case, linezolid plasma concentrations were ≥minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) for linezolid for both parenteral and oral administrations. We observed three cases of thrombocytopenia, two of leukopenia, three of neutropenia, and one of severe hyperlactacidemia, resolving after discontinuation of treatment. Clinical signs of infection resolved in 13/16 cases. Bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococci in 12/16 cases and were eradicated in 9/12 evaluable cases. Conclusions This study reports an adequate linezolid plasma concentration with regard to the linezolid MIC in extremely premature infants. However, considering adverse events reported, its use should be cautious and may concern only oral administration during the late phase of infection, to limit paradoxical catheter use to treat nosocomial infections. Moreover, safe and efficient anti-Staphylococcus therapies should be identified to treat this vulnerable population.

Published
2015

27. Predominance of healthcare-associated cases among episodes of community-onset bacteraemia due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

Author

Jean-Ralph Zahar, Philippe Lesprit, Stephane Ruckly, Aurelia Eden, Hitoto Hikombo, Louis Bernard, Stephan Harbarth, Jean-François Timsit, Christian Brun-Buisson, Nejla Aissa, Alain Losniewski, Sandrine Henard, Christian Rabaud, Cécile Janssen, Léonardo Pagani, Stéphane Bland, Jacques Gaillat, Jean Pierre Bru, Pierre Bonnin, Gaelle Clavère, Virginie Vitrat, Laurence Maulin, Luc Quarsaet, Helene Roger, Jean-Baptiste Euzen, Eric Denes, Elodie Couve-Daecon, Catherine Lechiche, Jean-Philippe Lavigne, Véronique Mondain, Celine Pulcini, Veronique Garnier, Dorothée Lambert, Maxime Hentzien, Yohan Nguyen, Jean Paul Talarmin, Pascaline Rameau, Françoise Geffroy, Arnaud Salmon-Rousseau, Vincent Cattoir, Antoine Froissart, Said Aberrane, Laurence Legout, France Roblot, Guillaume Beraud, Patricia Pavese, Olivier Belmonte, Nicolas Traversier, Laurent Bellec, Marie Lagrange-Xelot, Marie-Pierre Moiton, Barbara Kuli, Pascal Longuet, Agnes Scanvic, Lea Colombain, Milagros Ferreyra, Maxime Jean, Etienne Laurens, Matthieu Saada, Hugues Aumaitre, Martine Malet, Frederique Roustant, Vincent LeMoing, Jean-Pierre Helene, Jonathan Theodore, Caroline Garandeau, Jocelyne Caillon, Benjamin Olivero, David Boutoille, Didier Lepelletier, Lucia Grandière-Perez, Aurélie Beaudron, Céline Ramanantsoa, Catherine Varache, Nicolas Varache, Nicolas Crochette, Hikombo Hitoto, Sophie Blanchi, Pascale Penn, Bernard Louis, Dominique Vanjak, Marie-Christine Escande, René-Gilles Patrigeon, Stéphanie Honoré, Audrey Barrelet, Marlène Amara, Jean-Marc Galempoix, Jean-Claude Réveil, Patricia Bucchiotty, Carine Couzigou, Alban LeMonnier, Emilie Boidin, Stephane Sire, Nelly Luizy, Caroline Bronstain, Carolina Fankhauser, Caroline Brossier, Elodie von Dach, Colette Sauve, Marie-Noelle Adam, Laurent Hocqueloux, Laurent Bret, Marie-Hélène André, Régine Barruet, Marion Challier, Andre Cabié, Benoit Roze, Patrick Plesiat, Katy Jeanot, Isabelle Patry, Joséphine Moreau, Catherine Chirouze, Aaron Laurent, Marie-Nadège Bachelier, Guillaume Kac, Nicolas Farthouat, Nicolas Feuillebois, Thomas Guimard, Sandra Bourdon, Sophie Nguyen, Serge Alfandari, Houcine Bentayeb, Mari-Thérèse Albertini, Bruno Marchou, Noémie Gaudré, Damien Dubois, Christelle Guillet-Caruba, Florence Doucet Populaire, Nicolas Fortineau, Leila Escaut, Vincent Fihman, Rémy Gauzit, Josette Raymond, Solene Kerneis, Veronique Leflon-Guibout, Agnes Lefort, Aurelien Dinh, Anne-Laure Roux, Sophie Abgrall, Françoise Jauréguy, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Nathalie Soismier, Amanda Lopes, Emmanuelle Cambau, Veronique Manceron, Guilène Barnaud, Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Outcomerea, Centre Hospitalier Saint Jean de Perpignan, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Faculté de médecine [Genève], Prévention et contrôle des infections (PCI ), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Services de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Bichat], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de réanimation médicale, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Bacteremia, Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology/microbiology, Antibiotic appropriateness, Klebsiella spp, 0302 clinical medicine, Healthcare associated, Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Prevalence, Risk of mortality, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, beta-Lactamases/secretion, Community onset, ddc:616, Aged, 80 and over, Cross Infection, education.field_of_study, biology, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Enterobacteriaceae, 3. Good health, Community-Acquired Infections, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Cross Infection/microbiology, Female, Bacteremia/epidemiology/microbiology, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Population, beta-Lactamases, 03 medical and health sciences, Extended-spectrum β-lactamase, Antibiotic therapy, Enterobacteriaceae/classification/enzymology/isolation & purification, Humans, Risk factor, education, Aged, Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology/microbiology, business.industry, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Survival Analysis, Risk factors, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Bacteraemia, business
Abstract

International audience; Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are endemic pathogens worldwide. Infection with ESBL-PE may be associated with inadequate antibiotic therapy and a poor outcome. However, risk factors for ESBL-PE community-acquired infections are ill-defined. An observational multicentre study was performed in 50 hospitals to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for community-acquired ESBL-PE bacteraemia. All patients presenting with community-onset Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia were recorded over a 2-month period (between June and November 2013). Risk factors and 14-day outcomes of patients were investigated. Among 682 Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia episodes recorded, 58 (8.5%) were caused by ESBL-PE. The most frequent species isolated were Escherichia coli (537; 76.7%) and Klebsiella spp. (68; 9.7%), of which 49 (9.1%) and 8 (11.8%), respectively, were ESBL-producers. Most ESBL-PE episodes were healthcare-associated, and only 22 (38%) were apparently community-acquired. The main risk factor for community-acquired ESBL-PE bacteraemia was a prior hospital stay of ≥5 days within the past year. The overall 14-day survival was 90%; only 4 (6.9%) of 58 patients with ESBL-PE bacteraemia died. Inadequate initial antibiotic therapy was administered to 55% of patients with ESBL-PE bacteraemia but was not associated with increased 14-day mortality. Although many patients had community-onset ESBL-PE bacteraemia, almost two-thirds of the episodes were actually healthcare-associated, and true community-acquired ESBL-PE bacteraemia remains rare. In our essentially non-severely ill population, inappropriate initial therapy was not associated with a higher risk of mortality.

Published
2017

28. Dry Care Versus Antiseptics for Umbilical Cord Care: A Cluster Randomized Trial

Author

Bruno Giraudeau, Gisèle Gremmo-Feger, Jean Christophe Roze, Cécile Boscher, A. Legrand, Jocelyne Caillon, Patrick Pladys, Christèle Gras-Le Guen, Dominique Saillant, Nathalie Godon, Christophe Savagner, Emmanuelle Descombes, Agnès Caille, Elise Launay, Sébastien Barbarot, Clinique Médicale et Service d'Urgences Pédiatriques, Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre d’Investigation Clinique [Tours] CIC 1415 (CIC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique (BREST - Gynéco-Obs), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de dermatologie [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de Médecine Néonatale, Université de Nantes (UN), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Cord, medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Umbilical cord, law.invention, Umbilical Cord, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Antiseptic, prevention, law, 030225 pediatrics, southern nepal, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Omphalitis, bacterial-colonization, Intention-to-treat analysis, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine, Infant, Newborn, infection, 3. Good health, Neonatal infection, medicine.anatomical_structure, omphalitis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Infant Care, neonatal-mortality, Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Female, France, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In developed countries, where omphalitis has become rare and related mortality nil, benefits of antiseptic use in umbilical cord care have not been demonstrated. We aimed to assess the noninferiority of dry care compared with antiseptics in France where antiseptic use is widespread. METHODS: We conducted a noninferiority, cluster-randomized, 2-period crossover trial, in 6 French university maternity units including all infants born after 36 weeks’ gestation. Maternity units were randomly assigned to provide either their usual antiseptic care or a dry care umbilical cord method for a 4-month period, and then units switched to the alternate cord cleansing method for a 4-month period. The primary outcome was neonatal omphalitis, adjudicated by an independent blinded committee based on all available photographs, clinical, and bacteriological data. We used a noninferiority margin of 0.4%. Analysis was performed per protocol and by intention to treat. RESULTS: Among 8698 participants, omphalitis occurred in 3 of 4293 (0.07%) newborns in the dry care group and in none of the 4404 newborns in the antiseptic care group (crude difference: 0.07; 95% confidence interval: –0.03 to 0.21). Late neonatal infection, parental appreciation of difficulty in care, and time to separation of the cord were not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Dry cord was noninferior to the use of antiseptics in preventing omphalitis in full-term newborns in a developed country. Antiseptic use in umbilical cord care is therefore unnecessary, constraining, and expensive in high-income countries and may be replaced by dry care.

Published
2017

29. Erratum to 'Predominance of healthcare-associated cases among episodes of community-onset bacteraemia due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae' [International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 49/1 67-73]

Author

Jean-Ralph Zahar, Philippe Lesprit, Stephane Ruckly, Aurelia Eden, Hitoto Hikombo, Louis Bernard, Stephan Harbarth, Jean-Francois Timsit, Christian Brun-Buisson, Jean Carlet, Pierre Dellamonica, Remy Gauzit, Christian Rabaud, Serge Alfandari, Robert Cohen, Bruno Coignard, Celine Pulcini, Jerome Robert, Nejla Aissa, Alain Losniewski, Sandrine Henard, Cecile Janssen, Leonardo Pagani, Stephane Bland, Jacques Gaillat, Jean Pierre Bru, Pierre Bonnin, Gaelle Clavere, Virginie Vitrat, Laurence Maulin, Luc Quarsaet, Helene Roger, Jean-Baptiste Euzen, Eric Denes, Elodie Couve-Daecon, Catherine Lechiche, Jean-Philippe Lavigne, Veronique Mondain, Veronique Garnier, Dorothee Lambert, Maxime Hentzien, Yohan Nguyen, Jean Paul Talarmin, Pascaline Rameau, Francoise Geffroy, Arnaud Salmon-Rousseau, Vincent Cattoir, Antoine Froissart, Said Aberrane, Laurence Legout, France Roblot, Guillaume Beraud, Patricia Pavese, Olivier Belmonte, Nicolas Traversier, Laurent Bellec, Marie Lagrange-Xelot, Marie-Pierre Moiton, Barbara Kuli, Pascal Longuet, Agnes Scanvic, Lea Colombain, Milagros Ferreyra, Maxime Jean, Etienne Laurens, Matthieu Saada, Hugues Aumaitre, Martine Malet, Frederique Roustant, Vincent LeMoing, Jean-Pierre Helene, Jonathan Theodore, Caroline Garandeau, Jocelyne Caillon, Benjamin Olivero, David Boutoille, Didier Lepelletier, Lucia Grandiere-Perez, Aurelie Beaudron, Celine Ramanantsoa, Catherine Varache, Nicolas Varache, Nicolas Crochette, Hikombo Hitoto, Sophie Blanchi, Pascale Penn, Bernard Louis, Dominique Vanjak, Marie-Christine Escande, Rene-Gilles Patrigeon, Stephanie Honore, Audrey Barrelet, Marlene Amara, Jean-Marc Galempoix, Jean-Claude Reveil, Patricia Bucchiotty, Carine Couzigou, Alban LeMonnier, Emilie Boidin, Stephane Sire, Nelly Luizy, Caroline Bronstain, Carolina Fankhauser, Caroline Brossier, Elodie von Dach, Colette Sauve, Marie-Noelle Adam, Laurent Hocqueloux, Laurent Bret, Marie-Helene Andre, Regine Barruet, Marion Challier, Andre Cabie, Benoit Roze, Patrick Plesiat, Katy Jeanot, Isabelle Patry, Josephine Moreau, Catherine Chirouze, Aaron Laurent, Marie-Nadege Bachelier, Guillaume Kac, Nicolas Farthouat, Nicolas Feuillebois, Thomas Guimard, Sandra Bourdon, Sophie Nguyen, Houcine Bentayeb, Mari-Therese Albertini, Bruno Marchou, Noemie Gaudre, Damien Dubois, Christelle Guillet-Caruba, Florence Doucet Populaire, Nicolas Fortineau, Leila Escaut, Vincent Fihman, Josette Raymond, Solene Kerneis, Veronique Leflon-Guibout, Agnes Lefort, Aurelien Dinh, Anne-Laure Roux, Sophie Abgrall, Francoise Jaureguy, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Nathalie Soismier, Amanda Lopes, Emmanuelle Cambau, Veronique Manceron, Guilene Barnaud, Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Centre Hospitalier Saint Jean de Perpignan, Service d'Infectiologie et des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CH Le Mans] | Infectious and tropical disease department [Le Mans hospital], Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Prévention et contrôle des infections (PCI ), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Services de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Bichat], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service des maladies infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-University Hospital, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Réseau Antibiolor, Stress, Immunité, Pathogènes (SIMPA), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Hospitalier Tourcoing, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Bactériologie [CHU Nancy], Institute for Computational Modeling in Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Imperial College London, Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de la Région d'Annecy (Pringy), Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CH Cornouaille, Plateforme imagerie et cytométrie (PFIC), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institute of New Imaging Technologies (INIT), Universitat Jaume I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Unité des maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire Cliniques Pathologique et Interculturelle (LCPI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), SAD Paysage (SAD Paysage), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Service des maladies infectieuses CHU Perpignan, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de Chimie Moléculaire (DCM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche en Ingénierie financière et finance Publique (CRIFP), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de bactériologie et hygiène hospitalière [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre de Recherches en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie (CRO2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier de Charleville-Mezières, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Cell Biology, Sciences III, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU Fort de France-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Agents pathogènes et inflammation - UFC (EA 4266) (API), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans (LIUM), Le Mans Université (UM), Physiopathologie de l'Endothelium, Vascular research center of Marseille (VRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes], Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Tourcoing, Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies (HCP), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, and Mechanics [Warsaw] (MIMUW), University of Warsaw (UW), Service de Microbiologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Services des maladies infectieuses, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Département de Médecine interne [Lariboisière], Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Emergence de la résistance bactérienne in vivo (EA3964), AP-HP Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière, Laboratoire d'ethnologie et de sociologie comparative (LESC), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Equipe mobile d'infectiologie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service Microbiologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Institut franco-allemand de recherche de Saint-Louis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Unité d’Otologie, implants auditifs et chirurgie de la base du crâne [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Epidémiologie pronostique des cancers et affections graves, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infection Control Programme and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production (LGI2P), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Service d'Otologie, Implants auditifs et Chirurgie de la base du crâne [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins-EA 2694 (CERIM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses (TransVIHMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université Laval, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Institut de l'Elevage, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou, Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, and Mechanics [Warsaw], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Avicenne-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), CHU Fort de France-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Cholley, Pascal, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), CHU Nice-University Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Laboratoire de Physiologie des Invertébrés ( LPI ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) ( LEMAR ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -ORS PACA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie ( IMPMC ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Equipe Poitevine de Recherche et d'Encadrement Doctoral en sciences criminelles de Poitiers ( EPRED ), Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production ( LGI2P ), IMT - Mines Alès Ecole Mines - Télécom ( IMT - MINES ALES ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand ( LPC ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU de Reims ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Plateforme imagerie et cytométrie ( PFIC ), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse ( AMMICa ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service NEUROSPIN ( NEUROSPIN ), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, CHU de Poitiers, Santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins-EA 2694 ( CERIM ), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Institute of New Imaging Technologies ( INIT ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion ( CHU La Réunion ), Laboratoire Cliniques Pathologique et Interculturelle ( LCPI ), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ), SAD Paysage ( SAD Paysage ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, VIH/SIDA et maladies associées, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ), Département de Chimie Moléculaire ( DCM ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Thérapeutiques Cliniques et Expérimentales des Infections, Université de Nantes ( UN ), Centre de Recherche en Ingénierie financière et finance Publique ( CRIFP ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ), Centre de Recherches en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie ( CRO2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Laboratoire Environnement Géomécanique et Ouvrages ( LAEGO ), Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine ( INPL ), Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme ( IRDL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens ( SYSTEM ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), CHU de la Martinique-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU Fort de France-CHU de la Martinique-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique, Agents pathogènes et inflammation - UFC (EA 4266) ( API ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'Université du Mans ( LIUM ), Le Mans Université ( UM ), Vascular research center of Marseille ( VRCM ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou, Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies ( HCP ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -CHU Limoges-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST FR CNRS 3503 ), Hôpital Purpan - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Toulouse, Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée ( LAMETA ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 ( UM3 ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), University of Warsaw ( UW ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Avicenne-Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ), Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution ( IAME ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Hôpital Lariboisière, Emergence de la résistance bactérienne in vivo ( EA3964 ), Laboratoire d'ethnologie et de sociologie comparative ( LESC ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] ( CHU ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-CHU Limoges, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Enterobacteriaceae, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, Healthcare associated, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Community onset
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

30. In vivo efficacy of ceftolozane against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a rabbit experimental model of pneumonia: Comparison with ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem

Author

Christophe Guitton, Gilles Potel, Jocelyne Caillon, Cédric Jacqueline, Cédric Bretonnière, David Boutoille, and Cyndie Desessard

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Imipenem, Colony Count, Microbial, Penicillanic Acid, Ceftazidime, Pharmacology, Tazobactam, Microbiology, Pharmacokinetics, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Pseudomonas Infections, Pharmacology (medical), Piperacillin, business.industry, Animal Structures, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Bacterial Load, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cephalosporins, Disease Models, Animal, Pneumonia, Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Piperacillin/tazobactam, Female, Ceftolozane, Rabbits, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare ceftolozane with ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) and imipenem in an experimental rabbit model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Efficacy was assessed following 2 days of treatment by total colony counts in different tissues (lung, spleen and blood culture). Mean ± standard deviation pulmonary bacterial loads were 4.9 ± 0.3, 3.6 ± 0.3, 4.8 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 0.8 and 3.9 ± 0.3 log₁₀CFU/g of lung for ceftolozane (1g), ceftolozane (2g), ceftazidime, TZP and imipenem, respectively, compared with 6.3 ± 0.9 log₁₀CFU/g of lung for control animals. The higher ceftolozane dose [2g three times daily (t.i.d.)] showed significantly better efficacy than the lower dose (1g t.i.d.). In conclusion, in this rabbit model of P. aeruginosa pneumonia, ceftolozane had an efficacy equivalent to that of comparator agents at a dose of 1g t.i.d. and had better efficacy at a higher dose (2g t.i.d.).

Published
2014

31. Impact of bacterial biofilm on the treatment of prosthetic joint infections

Author

Cédric Jacqueline and Jocelyne Caillon

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Prosthesis-Related Infections, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Microbiology, Antibiotic resistance, In vivo, Osteoarthritis, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Pathogen, Pharmacology, biology, business.industry, Biofilm, Bacterial Infections, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Chronic infection, Infectious Diseases, Biofilms, Drug Therapy, Combination, business, Rifampicin, Bacteria, medicine.drug
Abstract

Microbial biofilm contributes to chronic infection and is involved in the pathogenesis of prosthetic joint infections. Biofilms are structurally complex and should be considered a dynamic system able to protect the bacteria from host defence mechanisms and from antibacterial agents. Despite the use of antibiotics recognized as effective against acute infections, prosthetic joint infections require long-term suppressive treatment acting on adherent bacteria. Conventional in vitro susceptibility testing methods are not suitable for biofilm-associated infections given that these tests do not take into account the physiological parameters of bacterial cells in vivo. Most anti-staphylococcal drugs are able to inhibit in vitro the adhesion of bacteria to a surface, considered to be the first step in biofilm formation. Recent studies suggest that the lack of activity of antibiotics against biofilm-embedded bacteria seems to be more related to the decreased effect of the drug on the pathogen than to the poor penetration of the drug into the biofilm. Eradication of biofilm-embedded bacteria is a very difficult task and combination therapy is required in the treatment of persistent infections involving biofilm. Although several combinations demonstrate potent efficacy, rifampicin is the most common partner drug of effective combinations against staphylococcal biofilms. Considering the complexity of biofilm-related infections, further studies are needed to assess the activity of new therapeutic agents in combination with antibiotics (quorum-sensing inhibitors, biofilm disruptors and specific anti-biofilm molecules).

Published
2014

32. Depletion of Natural Killer Cells Increases Mice Susceptibility in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia Model*

Author

Antoine Roquilly, Jocelyne Caillon, Alexis Broquet, Karim Asehnoune, Cédric Jacqueline, and Gilles Potel

Subjects
Neutrophils, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Mice, Inbred Strains, Spleen, Cell Separation, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Proinflammatory cytokine, Natural killer cell, Interferon-gamma, Mice, Immune system, Interferon, medicine, Animals, Pseudomonas Infections, Lung, Peroxidase, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, business.industry, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Flow Cytometry, medicine.disease, Interleukin-10, Killer Cells, Natural, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Disease Susceptibility, business, Pneumonia (non-human), medicine.drug
Abstract

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is a clinically relevant infection involved in pneumonia in ICUs. Understanding the type of immune response initiated by the host during pneumonia would help defining new strategies to interfere with the bacteria pathogenicity. In this setting, the role of natural killer cells remains controversial. We assessed the role of systemic natural killer cells in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mouse pneumonia model. Design: Experimental study. Setting: Research laboratory from a university hospital. Subjects: RjOrl:SWISS and BALB/cJ mice (weight, 20–24 g). Interventions: Lung injuries were assessed by bacterial load, myeloperoxidase activity, endothelial permeability (pulmonary edema), immune cell infiltrate (histological analysis), proinflammatory cytokine release, and Ly6-G immunohistochemistry. Bacterial loads were assessed in the lungs and spleen. Natural killer cell number and status were assessed in spleen (flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction). Depletion of natural killer cells was achieved through an IV anti-asialo-GM1 antibody injection. Measurements and Main Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa tracheal instillation led to an acute pneumonia with a rapid decrease of bacterial load in lungs and with an increase of endothelial permeability, proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β), and myeloperoxidase activity followed by Ly6-G positive cell infiltrate in lungs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in the spleen. Membrane markers of activation and maturation (CD69 and KLRG1 molecules) were increased in splenic natural killer cells during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Splenic natural killer cells activated upon Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection produced interferon-γ but not interleukin-10. Ultimately, mice depleted of natural killer cells displayed an increased neutrophil numbers in the lungs and an increased mortality rate without bacterial load modifications in the lungs, indicating that mice depleted of natural killer cells were much more susceptible to infection compared with control animals. Conclusions: We report for the first time that natural killer cells play a major role in the mice susceptibility toward a Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced acute pneumonia model.

Published
2014

33. Valeur diagnostique des critères de suspicion d’infection néonatale précoce : bilan dix ans après les recommandations de l’Anaes

Author

C. Gras-Le Guen, B. Cabaret, Bernard Branger, M. Cottineau, C. Laurens, J.-B. Muller, Elise Launay, Jocelyne Caillon, C. Boscher, and J.-C. Roze

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious disease transmission, business.industry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, business
Abstract

Resume Introduction Faute de score clinico-biologique sensible et specifique, tout nouveau-ne symptomatique est considere comme « suspect d’infection neonatale jusqu’a preuve du contraire ». Ainsi aujourd’hui en France, 30 a 50 % des nouveau-nes sont suspects d’infection materno-fœtale (IMF) dont une proportion importante fait l’objet d’un bilan biologique et parfois d’une antibiotherapie probabiliste dont l’impact n’est pas sans consequence. L’objectif de cette etude etait d’evaluer la valeur diagnostique des differents criteres de suspicion d’IMF recommandes par l’Agence nationale d’accreditation en sante (Anaes) depuis 2002 ; et celle du dosage de la procalcitonine (PCT) au cordon, utilise en routine dans notre maternite. Patients et methode Etude retrospective monocentrique au centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Nantes sur 4 ans incluant tous les nouveau-nes suspects d’IMF hospitalises. Les nouveau-nes ont ete classes a posteriori comme infectes ou non infectes, a l’aveugle du resultat du dosage de la PCT. La valeur diagnostique de chaque critere a ete etudiee en utilisant la sensibilite, la specificite, la valeur predictive et le rapport de vraisemblance. Resultats Deux mille cent cinquante et un nouveau-nes suspects d’IMF ont ete inclus. Pour un nouveau-ne symptomatique, le risque relatif d’etre infecte etait de 12,2 (IC95 % : 4,9–30,2 : p 0,6 ng/L qui entrainait un risque relatif a 291,6 (IC95 % : 70,7–1214,0, p Conclusion Les criteres cliniques d’adaptation a la vie extra-uterine sont plus predictifs d’IMF que les criteres anamnestiques. Le dosage de la PCT au cordon semble etre un marqueur interessant dans la prediction de l’IMF qui pourrait etre integre dans un nouvel algorithme decisionnel de prise en charge des nouveau-nes suspects d’IMF.

Published
2014

34. Daptomycin use: where is the truth?

Author

Guillaume Ghislain Aubin, P. Abgueguen, Dominique Navas, Frédéric Moal, Jocelyne Caillon, Stéphane Corvec, Didier Lepelletier, David Boutoille, and Colin Deschanvres

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, business.industry, 030106 microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Staphylococcal Infections, Microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Daptomycin, Vancomycin, Antimicrobial stewardship, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, medicine.drug
Published
2016

35. What is the optimal management for the asymptomatic twin after diagnosis of late-onset group B streptococcal disease?

Author

Cécile Feildel-Fournial, Cécile Boscher, Christèle Gras-Le Guen, E. Thomas, Elise Launay, and Jocelyne Caillon

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal sepsis, business.industry, Dizygotic twin, Group B Streptococcal Infection, medicine.disease, Asymptomatic, 03 medical and health sciences, Neonatal infection, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Intensive care, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, medicine.symptom, Antibiotic prophylaxis, business, Breast feeding
Abstract

A 22-day-old baby presents at your emergency department with a 3-hour history of poor feeding and fever. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures reveal late-onset group B streptococcal (LOGBS) meningitis and bacteraemia. This child has a dizygotic twin who is asymptomatic. You wonder if it is necessary to test, hospitalise and give antibiotics to the asymptomatic twin? In an asymptomatic child whose twin has an LOGBS infection (patient), is it necessary to do immediate evaluation, discontinue breast feeding and prescribe antibiotics (intervention) to avoid serious complications of group B streptococcal (GBS) disease (outcome)? ### Secondary sources A search of the Cochrane Library using the terms ‘group B streptococcal infection’ and ‘twins’ was used. ### Primary sources MEDLINE was searched via PubMed from 1976 to August 2018. The advanced search mode was used with the terms ‘late-onset neonatal infection’, ‘twins’, ‘group B streptococcus’. Additional studies were found following the review of the references of articles. A total of 13 articles (case series or case reports) reporting LOGBS infections in twins were found (see table 1). View this table: Table 1 Summary of evidence GBS remains a serious pathogen in young infants. Among bacteria responsible for invasive infections before 3 months of age, GBS represents the leading cause of meningitis1 2 and the second cause of bacteraemia.1–3 Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis produced a spectacular decrease in incidence of early-onset GBS disease,4–6 but has no effect in incidence of LOGBS disease.6–11 Despite advances in intensive care, case-fatality …

Published
2018

36. An original case ofFrancisellatularensis subsp.holarcticabacteremia after a near-drowning accident

Author

Jean-François Ygout, Max Maurin, Philippe Moreau, Jocelyne Caillon, Marie-Estelle Cariou, Stéphane Corvec, Estelle Ughetto, Isabelle Pelloux, and Geneviève Héry-Arnaud

Subjects
Male, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Water contamination, Poison control, Bacteremia, Near Drowning, Microbiology, Francisella tularensis subsp holarctica, Pneumonic tularemia, Humans, Medicine, Blood culture, Francisella tularensis, Tularemia, Aged, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Medicine, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Antibodies, Bacterial, Surgery, Infectious Diseases, bacteria, France, Water Microbiology, business
Abstract

We report the first case of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica bacteremia after water contamination in France. A 75-year-old man developed septic pneumonic tularemia after a near-drowning accident. We highlight the need for a longer incubation time for isolation of F. tularensis from blood cultures.

Published
2015

37. Management of MRSA/GISA, VISA Endocarditis

Author

Cédric Jacqueline, Jocelyne Caillon, and David Boutoille

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Antimicrobial, Infectious Diseases, Staphylococcus aureus, Infective endocarditis, Epidemiology, Medicine, Ceftaroline fosamil, Endocarditis, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, business, Intensive care medicine, medicine.drug
Abstract

Infective endocarditis is a worrisome disease, with no significant decrease of the incidence and mortality in the last decade. Despite a changing epidemiology over the last few years, S. aureus remains the leading causative organism in Canada, the U.S., and Europe. Experimental animal models of endocarditis have been extensively used to evaluate the activity of new drugs or new regimens. Although vancomycin has shown satisfactory in vivo activity against MRSA, the drug has failed to demonstrate a bactericidal activity against isolates with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides. Among the new, recently available antimicrobial agents, experimental data strongly support daptomycin and ceftaroline fosamil as effective options. In clinical practice, vancomycin continues to be recommended for the treatment of IE caused by MRSA. However, its use is more and more debated, especially with the availability of new effective therapeutic options. Further studies are needed to define the role of these new antimicrobials in the treatment of MRSA and GISA endocarditis.

Published
2013

38. Relationship between hospital antibiotic use and quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli

Author

F. Ballereau, Jocelyne Caillon, Jean-Benoit Hardouin, Emmanuel Montassier, Eric Batard, David Boutoille, and Florence Ollivier

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Resistance, Cephalosporin, Antibiotics, Drug resistance, Quinolones, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Quinolone resistance, Internal medicine, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, medicine, Humans, Use, Antibiotic use, Escherichia coli Infections, Hospital use, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Drug Utilization, Hospitals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cephalosporins, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, Tetracyclines, Regression Analysis, France, business
Abstract

Summary Background The relationship between the hospital use of various classes of antibiotics and resistance of Escherichia coli to quinolones remains debated. Our aim was to study the relationship between the hospital use of 16 classes of antibacterial agents and the incidence of quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates. Methods Antibiotic use and resistance data were collected from 36 hospitals. Incident rate ratios (IRR) were assessed using negative binomial regression. Results The incidence of quinolone-resistant isolates was independently associated with the consumption of tetracyclines (IRR 1.139, 95% CI 1.030–1.259), first- and second-generation cephalosporins (IRR 1.007, 95% CI 1.002–1.013), third-generation cephalosporins (IRR 1.029, 95% CI 1.010–1.048), and quinolones (IRR 1.007, 95% CI 1.000–1.014). These associations were independent from the type of patient served. Conclusions The level of hospital use of quinolones influences the incidence of quinolone resistance in E. coli hospital isolates. The consumption of two other classes of antibiotics, cephalosporins and tetracyclines, is also associated with quinolone resistance.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Clinical features and prognostic factors of listeriosis: the MONALISA national prospective cohort study

Author

Odile Fremin-Batteux, Juliette Clarissou-Philippe, Benoît Jauhlac, Severine Guyetand, Jacques Gasnault, Corinne Haioun, Liamine Aissaoui, Marie-Christine Pages, Marie-Pierre Fos, Christian Rose, Didier Hubert, Marie-Rose Rothe, N. Bouziges, Benoît Huc, François Devianne, Sabine Bidart, Anne Forest, Kevin Bertrand, Mohamed Eldeghedy, Annick Verhaeghe, Caroline Malderet, Anne Bertrou, Bernard Guerquin, Catherine Duche, Muriel Archambaud, Rabea Cotteret, Olivier Toullalan, Yves Devaux, Smail Bergheul, Valérie Sivadon-Tardy, Pierre-Gilles Merville, Geneviève Blanchard-Marche, Didier Raoult, Bernard Hory, Florence Richardin, Evelyne Belle, Mohamed Menouar, K Guitteaud, Mohamad Mohty, Ambroise Montcriol, Max Laurin, Aurélia Picard, Jean-Paul Mira, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Richard Bonnet, Michel Wolff, Sébastien Maillez, Jeanne Maugein, Véronique Leblond, Nicola Walid, Bernard Gauche, Mathieu Evillard, Hassen Jeddi, Anne Bourlet, Isabelle Grawey, Thierry Jault, Sandrine Hiret, Valerie Gaborieau, Véronique Boin-Gay, An Kim, Thierry Constans, Jean-François Gaide, Martine Giraud, Eric Meaudre Desgouttes, Alain Fur, Abdallah Maakaroun, Olivier Matray, Bertrand Maubert, Frédérique Péchinot, Aurelie Garbi, Claire Delbrouck, Benoît Grandclerc, Vincent Cadiergue, Hervé Lécuyer, Bernadette Grignon, Thierry Bensaid, Nicole Constantin, Yannick Chevalier, Hassène Rahmani, Thierry Levent, Joelle Desliers, Florence Van de Velde, Xavier Adhoute, Clara Andriau, Christophe Charasse, Rémi Vatan, Benoît Martha, Alain Lecis, Didier Albert, Romain Jacobs, Hélène Lefranc, Christian Martin, Nasseur Rezgui, Bertrand Pigeon, Catherine Le Henaff, Dominique Cassignard, Françoise Cotes, Eric Pujade Lauraine, Jean-François Gattault, Nicole Ferreira-Maident, Noémie Jourde-Chiche, Hélène Garrec, Olivier Darchen, Carole Schwebel, Marie-Christine Bezian, Patrick Daoud, Tsouria Becaid, Simone Laluque, David Broche, Christine Boisselier, Pascale Martres, Sarah Hammami, Brigitte Olivier, Jean-Marie Nkunzimana, Eric Monlun, Isabelle Marterl-Lafay, Marion Carboni, Marie-Françoise Mattei, Sandrine Castelin, Isabelle Barillot, Marie-Noelle Cufi, Thomas Kaiser, Catherine Herry, Pascal Hutin, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki, Bernard Branger, Pierre Thomas, Elie Zagdoun, Anne Goquelin, Ziad Assaf, Ingrid Croquet, Bruno Pozzetto, Thomas Similowski, Anne-Isabelle Briere, Marie-Thérèse Albertini, Mariam Blaka, Christelle Tassot, Anne Gaschet, Jean-Philippe Lavigne, Antoine Pujol, Philippe Colombat, Edouard Devaud, Hana Talabani-Boizot, François Barière, Anne-Marie Cordier, Philippe Gueudet, Georges Simon, Anne-Sophie Lipovac, Françoise Bandaly, Anne Beauplet-Lepage, Sylvie Prince, Charlotte Jouzel, Jean-Luc Deboutin, Patrick Zavadil, Louis Puybasset, Marie-Cécile Petit, Loïc Guillevin, Kamel Touati, Christophe Ntalu Nkato, Sylvie Carette, Jacques Vaucel, Chantal Delasalle, Marine Gross Goupil, Laurent Gutmann, Christiane Payen, Annick Barboteau, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Christophe Legendre, Philippe Roulier, Elie Azria, Ibrahim Farah, Isabelle Rouquette-Vincent, Anne-Sophie Erena-Penet, Philippe Labadie, Eric Josien, Aicha Derragui, Mathieu Legrand, Odile Beyne-Rauzy, Jean-Marc Nabholtz, Marie-Joelle Demarcq, Olivier Garosi, Michel Deiber, Fabrice Chaix, Bertrand Souweine, Anne Collignon, Gisèle Renard, Mickael Jego, Gilles Bernardin, Anne Allart, Jocelyn Barrier, Marc Vasse, Philippe Ménager, Marc Wurmser, Abderkader Ouazir, Olivier Gontieron, Yvon Berland, Sébastien Trouiller, David Leysenne, Christophe Ozanon, Fanny Autret, Tahar Saghi, Loïc Dopeux, Sophie Benoit-Coustou, T. Fraisse, Christine Maillard, Karine Nikodijevic, Georges Kaltenbach, Angéline Jamet, Philippe Aucher, Julie Bottero, Marie-Claude Piffaut, Marianne Besnard, Florence Courillon, Marie Bonfils, Christine Ghevaert, Marie Destors, Eliette Jeanmaire, Franck Zerbib, Manuel-Luis Gameiro, T Prazuck, Laurent Mandin, Olivier Guisset, Marguerite Fines, Toufik Feddal, Agnès Jouffret, Louis Mesnard, Thomas Bourrée, Hasinrina Razafimahefa, Sylvestre Tigaud, Vincent Estève, Philippe Malherbe, Jean-Michel Salord, Pascal Adam, Bertrand Rozec, Michel Fuillet, Olivier Lemenand, Denis Quinsat, Ana Danalaché, Véronique Vialette, François Brosset, Patrick Messner Pellenc, Nicolas Heisel, Edouard Girard, Régine Martin, Olivier Garesslin, Catherine Mille, Alexandre Gascon, Marc Nicolino, Laurence Mouly, Claire Fabre, Bénédicte Ponceau, Marie-Etiennette Emeriau, Pascal Cathebras, Bérangère Bernardaud, Michèle Pérouse de Montclos, O. Arsene, Karine Grenet, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Sten De Witte, Anne Scemla, Laurence Bouillet, Christophe Burucoa, Vincent Loffeier, Séverine Visentin, Luc Desfrere, Miloud Arabi, Frédérique Costa, Sylvie Lechat, Ali Chekroun, Raymond Ruimy, Marie, Jérôme Bizet, Xavier Nassif, Baihas Dib, Patrick Bert-Marcaz, Laurent Martin Lefèvre, Nicholas Sedillot, Blandine Cattier, Emilie Boidin, Daniel Sondag, Aude Bourrouillou, Alain Noirot, Franck Desemerie, Fréderic Heluwaert, Catherine Tamalet, Marc G. Berger, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Dominique Perotin, Abdelkader Bemrah, Alain Lozniewski, Bernard Borstein, Hanna Eid, Diana Suatean, Virginie Mignaut, Jean-Claude N'guyen, Valérie Le Goff, Laurent Teillet, Christophe Rolland, Gwenaël Alfonsi, Florence Lachenal, Philippe Bossi, Yves Botreau, Florence Doucet Populaire, Henry Jardel, Nicolas Gallo, Elias Jabre-Sikias, Michel Dupon, Hélène Brihier, Isabelle Patry, Alexandre Leclercq, Bernadette Tourrand, Christophe Roussel, Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz, Bénédicte Paindaveine, Simon Elhadad, Richard Sanchez, Eric Sgro, Pierre Berger, Valérie Murbach, Anne Holstein, Florence Martin, Taoufik Merabet, Amélie Benbara, Milagros Ferreyra, Laure Esposito, Pierre Delobel, Antoine Andremont, Marc Bourlière, Carole-Anne Boudy, Jean-Baptiste Gaulthier, Laurent Tacchini, Olivier Marpeau, Sonia Tesseydre, Marie-Pierre Coulhon, Nathalie Hodee, Marie-Chrsitine Conroy, Pierre Weinbreck, Roland Leclercq, Laurent Souply, Christian Bidault, Annie Elbez, Marie-Annick Lebreton, Patrick Brisou, Agnès Ferroni, Jean-Louis Pourriat, Nadia Anguel, Christian Noel, Philippe Jouvencel, Eric Pichard, Xavier Martin, Mathieu Coste, Pierre Zuber, Catherine Neuwirth, Jean-Pierre Hacot, Paul Aye, Jérôme Guinard, Yves Pean, Jean-Christophe Dengo, Fabrice Petassou, Didier Viole, Thierry Messiaen, Jean Beytout, Philippe Petitjean, Ferdinand Savare, Patrice Cuvillier, Sophie Coignard, Hélène Anglaret, Nassim Kamar, Elisabeth Chachaty, Karine Guimard, Louis Braem, Hacene Fezoui, Pierre Martin, Jean-Paul Viard, Claire Larroche, Nicolai Claudiu-Plesa, Thierry Benoit-Cattin, Olivier Moquet, Thierry Pasdeloup, David Rosay, Rodolphe Jean, Jean-Bernard Mariette, Marc Debouverie, Hervé Peltier, Mustapha Terki, Jacques Daleas, Valérie Dattin-Dorrière, Michel Vergnaud, Emmanuel Grimprel, Sylvène Rosselli, Jean-Marc Didier, Pierre Faurie, Luc Frimat, Aziza Mandjee, Sabine Etchemendy, Pierre Tissières, Jean Nakhleh, Sylvie Mariette, Christian Perronne, Bruno Carbonne, Nathalie Houssiaux-Maisonneuve, Tristan Ferry, S Beague, Anthony Sebban, Marie-Thérèse Hili, Jean-Michel De Kermadec, Lucien Brasme, Gilles Blaison, Caroline Garandeau, Jean-Pierre Sollet, Laurent Tronchon, Thierry Samson, Julien Gesquière, Nicolas Ettahar, Alain Créange, Etienne Laurens, Véronique Equy, Fréderic Bart, Bernard Bouffandeau, Christine Vaillant, Valerie Pesque, Jean-Marc Lalot, Marc Levy, Michel Kaidomar, Mihaela Saplacan, Sterenn Yvenou, Marie-Isabelle Steibach, Emmanuelle Cambau, Agnès Riche, François Fourrier, François Raffi, Mélissa Lalu, Henri Bérard, Danielle Clave, Jean-Claude Mouries, Martine Porcheron, Jean Cabalion, Richard Lamarca, Nathalie Canu, Jean-Baptiste Roseau, Annabelle Stoclin, Luca Luminitan Elena Lupean, Rémi Gebeile, Celia Salanoubat, Carole Marmouset, Pierre Bigot, Anne-Laure Breton, Pierre Kalfon, Colette Vincent, Sophie Marty, Olivier Tandonnet, Alexis Redor, Xavier Valette, Ourida Aoudia, Jacques-Arnaud Seyrig, Bertrand Beaune, Hugues Aumaitre, Georges Pinon, Yann Leveneur, Sylvie Charachon, Raoul Herbrecht, Henriette de Valk, Gary David, Julien Pouyanne, Marc Dommergues, Majed Al Chaar, Véronique Blanc-Amrane, Pascale Guillarmé Grossmann, Bruno Abraham, Yves Morel, Philippe Suel, Denis Sautereau, Olivier Guilloy, Tu Anh Tran, Frédéric Laurent, Zahir Amoura, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Zoubida Elharie-Heraux, Joyce Sibony-Prat, Bernard Guillois, Dominique Rohmer-Heitz, Audrey Barrelet, Jérémie Courouble, Jean-Paul Herry, Daniel Vittecoq, Annie Vermesch-Langlin, Jean Auroux, Claude Aubert, Thierry Harvey, Ghislaine Lamoine-Gimet, J. Riahi, Florence Soraudeau, Bachar Al-Jalaby, Caroline Périsson, Khélifa Ayouz, Florence Cardot, François Maillet, Alain Goux, Théophile Magna, Bertille de Barbeyrac, Adrien May, Dominique Andreotti, Olivier Jonquet, Hélène Dumouchel, Didier Thibaud, Philippe Morlat, Pascal Chevalet, Pascal Ancelin, Guy Chambreuil, Cécile Le Boterff, Anne Ceriez, Olivier Detante, B Pangon, Claude C.A. Bernard, Vincent Cailleaux Pierre-Etienne Cailleux, Jordi Miatello, Pierre-Yves le Berruyer, Sylvain Kouaho, Michel Briaud, Hélène Delaby, Patrick Herbecq, Christine Segonds, Véronique Jault, Pascale Brunel, Christine Dussopt, Jean Thore, Jean-Marc Thouret, Jean-Marc Kerleau, François Le Baron, Slavius Matica, Sophie Leautez-Nainville, Matthieu Pecquet, Laurent Bret, Yacine Sedjelmaci, Pierre Metton, Habiboulaye Diallo, Jany Rey Zermati, Arnaud Delahaye, Hélène Chaussade, Laurent Mandelbrot, Emilie Bessede, Olivier Casanovas, Paul Pierrot, Annick Legras, Dominique Lauque, Hélène Gatti, Jean Catineau, Ebutu Likose, Gilles Capellier, Eric Kibbrecht, Freddy Thibaut, Patrick Valadier, Chantal Lemble, Joël Gaudelus, Joelle Mellier, Joëlle Brochen, Emmanuel Gascou, Stéphane Bonacorsi, Stéphanie Bannier, Bruno Fantin, Didier Raffenot, Valérie Revel, Hakim Amroun, Huguette Negrery, Anne-Laure Fauchais, Paul Mercury, Michel Chuzeville, Christian Zumbo, Nicolas Després, Pascal Roblot, Jérôme Pasche, Jean Claude Boufetteau, Jocelyne Caillon, Julien Boileau, V. Rabier, Benjamin Manéglier, Emilie Jourdes, Franck Ceppa, Christine Recule, Nicolas Degand, Benoît Henry, Thierry Baranger, Dominique Pateron, Agnès Pélaquier, Gérard Bouchet, Hélène Fiette, Ozel Guiden, Dana Ranta, Etienne Ruppé, Nabil Chiouk, Jacques Breuil, Dominique Leduc, Véronique Loustaud, Hervé Métenier, Michel Durand, Isabelle Mahé, Leila Karaoui, Marie-José Collus, Mehran Monchi, Olivier Belmonte, Romain Blondet, Jacques Thierry, Karine Humbert, Gilles Salama, Marie-Noelle Heurtaux, Cécile Goujard, Bruno Sivery, Martial Boisseau, Redouane Dahoumane, Pierre Delour, Christian Niels Meyer, Anne Faudon-Gibelin, Gérard Poulain, Roger-Charles Luciani, J.-C. Souquet, Olivier Grossi, François Vandenesch, Sylvain Mermont, Jacques Bronner, Sonia Dahan, Paul Marzouk, Pascal Pouedras, Noureddine Djafari, François-Xavier Caroli-Bosc, Jean-François Dessin, Brigitte Gruffat, Armelle Morin-Fatome, Sylvie Thoinet, Bano Konate, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Claire Poyart, Patrick Plessis, Olivier Millet, Vincent Cattoir, Françoise Geffroy, Manica Vasseur, Pierre Carli, Isabelle Citony, Christian Richard, Nicolas Sigur, Patrick Marthelet, Luwawu Mbimba, Pierre Feugier, Philippe Sauder, Hama Djerad, Evelyne Bourgerette, Hanen Chahtour, Adrien Lemaignen, Dominique Bechade, Patrick Ochocki, Antoine Vieillard Baron, Dominique Astruc, Marie-Pierre Moiton, Nicolas Dubois, Sylvie Ledru, Corinne Seknazi, Hélène Poupet, Jean-Philippe Brieux, Gérard Barthélémy, Aihem Yehia, Louis-Jean Couderc, Ahmed, Françoise Rigaux, Yohann N'guyen, Philippe Bethery, Damien Corberand, Etienne Auvray, Paul-Louis Woerther, Christian Combe, Sophie Delesalle, Jean-Marie Piala, Faraj Al Freijat, Philippe Juvin, Malcolm Lemyze, Hyacine Rey, Claire Larible, Noel Milpied, Lémia Zgarni, Julia Gaillard, Agnès Juven, Paola Otean, Adrien Melis, André Pechinot, Olivier Bouchaud, Olivier Chassin, Pierre Hausfater, Asma Trabelsi-Jnifen, Vincent Grobost, Didier Lemery, Pierre Soury, Françoise Brevet, Jacques Tankovic, Dominique Sansot, Jean Louis Salomon, Charlotte Cordonnier, Brigitte Lamy, Antoine Maisonneuve, Dominique Pressac, Claude Rémy, Rodolphe Sobesky, Stéphanie Cognet, Pierre Cougoul, Didier Jan, Dominique Perrotin, Cécile Hombrouk-Alet, Thierry André, Gilbert Pochmalicki, Serge Girard, Vincent Zerr, Guillaume Cadiot, Claudine Lasbasses, Michel Slama, Abderrazak El Yamani, Sophie Brovedani, Jean Armengaud, Romain Hernu, Géraldine Mascade, Aurélien Lorléa'ch, Ali Akkari, Mathieu Tourdjman, Christopher Payan, Eric Jullian, Nathalie Fonsale, Frédéric Riehl, Paul Strock, Geneviève Grise, Philippe Mottaz, Christian Floriot, Marie-Noëlle Ungeheuer, Denis Caillot, Arnaud Chalvon-Demersay, Catherine Branger, Stanislas Bruley des Varannes, Marc Paccalin, Marie-Pierre Danjean, Alexandre Mebazaa, Xavier Brunet, Roland De Varax, Laurence Delhoustal, Sophie Haro, Bruno Chabanon-Pouget, Isabelle Goidin, Dominique Chudersky, Corinne Costes, Delphine Chatellier, Maud Gelez, Damien Dassant, Pascal Joly, Jean-Michel Arnal, Zakaria Hamitou, Philippe Rondepierre, Carole Pignon, Valérie Crombe, Amanda Lopes, Chrystelle Kemenar, Olivia Raulin, Anne-Cécile Hochart, Sandrine Gérart Pons, Valérie Zeller, Guillermo Reyes Ortega, Mathilde Guérin, Audrey Migraine Bouvagnet, Florence Eboue, Isabelle Loury-Lariviere, Sophie Leotard, Suzanne Lima, Marie Kassis, Jean-Luc Donay, Jean-Pierre Audié, Guillaume Cartron, Arnaud Ribier, Fanny Buron, Mirela Tuca, Marius Semenescu, Arnaud Serre, Vincent Quentin, Denise Bouyssou-Destriau, Violaine Bresson, Christine Chandesris Joséphine Chapalain-Cagnon, Eric Cua, Henri Courtade, François Bénézit, Sébastien Lamache, Philippe Bonnefoy, Francis Schneider, Richard Monarchi, Adeline Schendel, Paramasiven Mootien, Ghislaine Gardes, Pierre-François Westeel, Jean-François Magny, François Caron, Jocelyn Michon, Didier Eyer, Isabelle Ronda, Pierre-Yves Robillard, Frédéric Renou, Anna Faucher, Jean-Robert Harlé, Anne Debernardi, Grégory Akerman, Benoît Fontenel, Pierre Hourdebaigt-Larrusse, Marie-Noëlle Adam, Aude Lessene, Abdelkader Hrichi, François Blot, Athéna Le Pierres, Romain Lemarie, Françoise Granier, Véronique Tardy, Marc Gatfosse, Pierre-Marie Roger, François Goupil, Saïd Aberrane, Franck Bernardi, Isabelle Plantier, Nathalie Funakoshi, Jean-Gilles Delecalle, Patricia Barbut, Jacques Reynes, Christophe Roy, Sophie Perreve, Michel Garre, David Ribes, Cyrille Ede, Jean-Claude Dausset, Francis Duchene, Jean Caussin, Michelle Becker-Schneider, Gilles Berthelot, Damien Dupont, Jean-Michel Gillot, Aurélie Messager, Jean-Marie Pannecouck, Jean-Christian Roussel, Alain Reynaud, Sylvie Cariou, Anne Dao, François Guillemot, Martin Martinot, Patrick Casali, Anne-Sophie Poirier, Aissa Kerchache, Necera Sakek, Eric Porthault, Christophe Decoene, Chantal Ache-Papillon, Brigitte Bicais, Jean-Claude Feugier, Thierry Masseron, Charles Marty-Ane, Daniele Goldgran Toledano, Jean-Christophe Dubus, Damien du Cheyron, Dominique Decré, Jean-Loup Pennaforte, Ahmed Tigaizin, Bernard Vache, Eric Oswald, Claire Moulinoux, Anne-Christine Jaouen, Caroline Charlier, Anne-Laure Virlouvet, Ali Kara, Jean-Luc Sicsic, Sylvie Goffart, Mathieu Zuber, Claudine Fèbre, Olivier Lortholary, Mathieu Dupont, Annie Vessieres, Thierry Helvadjian, Thomas Signouret, Cedric Daupin, Sandrine Essouri, Jean-Louis Jacob, Pascal Boileau, Caroline Blazejewski, Quentin Lepiller, Juan-Pablo Maureira, Eddy Lebas, Christophe Deschamps, Amévi Ananivi, Clovis Foguem, Daniel Adoue, Abdourahim Chamouine, Alain Michault, Bruno Guérin, Olivier Baud, Clara Vinci, Thierry Weitten, Jean-Marc Eychene, Marie Froidure, Julien Obiols, Patricia Roussellier, Marc Lecuit, André Cabié, Saskia Foucart, Karim Belhadj, Michel Cingotti, Bruno Dumoulard, Jean Puyhardy, Etienne Danquechin Dorval, Lucile Mendes-Martin, Enrique Casalino, Luc Jarrige, Fabien Lambiotte, Philippe Masson, Mohammed Mansouria, Pierre Thouvenot, Katy Jeannot, Martine Nyunga, Valérie Macci, Florent Masia, Claire Briere de la Hosseraye, Wassila Anteur, André Sommabère, Marie-Claude Germain, Isabelle Arnault, Bernard Carbonelle, Philippe Devos, Daniel Protar, Tiphaine Gaillart, Ludovic Lassel, Laurence Hamou-Plotkine, David Trystram, Thierry Bureau, Olivier Collard, Fanny Vuotto, Sophie Malhiere, Frederique Canis, Gillles Plainfosse, Catherine Lechiche, Bertrand Lassere, Martine Chouraqui, Jean Baptiste Michot, Fethi Radhouane-Khanjari, Carole Barbier, Pascal Bonitchi, Abdelaziz Benkhelil, Odile Salmon, Laurent Damaj Gandhi, Bertrand Minguet, Michel Wagner, Odile Falguières, Zahr-Eddine Ali Chaouche, Eric Zaoui, Isabelle Guichard, Bernard Huttin, Apollinaire Karirisi, Gaël Cinquetti, Christophe Plane, Lionel Rostaing, Yanne Henry-Andrieu, Daniel Re, Virginie Verrier, Pascal Bolot, Michel De Biasi, Laurence Vrigneaud, Mathilde Turpin, Marie-Claude Demachy, Etienne Roussel, Michèle Blancs, Olivier Join-Lambert, Yves Ville, Thierry Granger, Gilles Hilbert, Virginie Medeau, Daniel Villers, Benoit Pilmis, François Gouraud, Emmanuel Ardiet, Catherine Heyraud-Blanchet, Alain Devidas, Hélène Dieye, Julie Cremniter, Jean-François Bergmann, Rozenn Le Berre, Virginie Leguen, Daniel Royer, Gilles Le Maout, Christian Harou, Sylvie Gabriel-Soléan, Yves Regouby, Martine Pestel-Caron, Patrick Brunet, David Boutoille, Emmanuelle Bonnin, Patrice Coulon, Marc Sullice, Marianne Barbieux, Gilles Cambonie, Joëlle Tricoire, Marie-Nadège Bachelier, Delphine Briend, Céline Ramanantsoa, Nathalie Bednarek, Didier Lebreton, Julien Lagrandeur, Damien M'Bey, Philippe Audeguy, Elie Saliba, Lena Damaj, Hassan Fallouh, Pascal Couturier, Fabrice Prévost, Yves Domart, Marie-Odile Lafforgue, Anne Le Du, C. Beuscart, Pierre Guillet, Fabrice Larrazet, Marie-Hélène Hausermann, Henri Robert, Nicolas Fanjaud, François Goehringer, Thomas Bachelot Philippe Badia, Jean-Michel Coulaud, Cristel Fissore Magdelein, Renaud Defebvre, Anne-Sohie Moreau, Johan Courjon, Gilles Salles, Michel Mialon, Silvia Iacobelli, Emmanuelle Bille, Marie-Christine Barbier, Yves Aubard, Patrice Badila, Jean-Philippe Rasigade, Alban Deroux, Evelyne Lecaillon-Thibon, Michel Godin, Abdelmajid Djeffal, Viorica Badurescu, Meriem Canitrot, Pierre Blanchard, Antoine Legros, Laurence Got, Françoise Duluc, Mylène M. Maury, Gilles Dassieu, Nordine Khodeir, Jean-Marie Duez, Mathieu Morincomme, Jérôme Lacroix, Mathieu Revest, Koffi Blewoussi, Isabelle Barazer, Françoise Poitevin, Camille Seignovert, Stéphanie Honore Bouakline, Anne Heidt, Brigitte Malbruny, Julien Desblache, Christian Cattoen, Eric Jaunait, Bruno Chaminade, Claude Bazin, Jonathan Chelly, Anne Pottier, Alain Schmitt, Alain Tissot, Karim Dadoun, P. Rebattu, Claudine Contamin, Arnaud Guerard, Nathalie Ravet, Sandrine Khalifa-Thellier, Marlène Chatron, Gaëlle Dörr, Hélène Biessy, Emmanuel Forestier, Bruno Devaux, Jean-Jacques Grelaud, Xavier Tchenio, Marie-Cécile Ploy, Jérémie Violette, Michèle Burdin, Lionel Falchero, Dominique Jacomy, Jean-Christophe Rozé, Damien Labarriere, Stéphane Leroux, Corinne Meregnani, Assia Ferhat Carre, Paul Orode, Jean-Gabriel Paul, Catherine Godon, Agnès Vinay, Régine Barraduc, Dominique Dallay, Alexandre Ampère, Anne-Gaelle Kervegant, Guillaume Louart, Dominique Beal Ardisson, Francoise Leonetti, Jean-Yves Baril, Stéphanie Haiat, Bincy Darre, Jérôme Bay, Yvan Gauthier, Sylvie Radenne, Pierre-Yves Gueugniaud, Philippe Ravaud, Luc Landraud, Guillaume Ranchon, Loïc Chimot, Véronique Duval, Ilhem Agha-Mir, Sabine Camiade, Estelle Wafo, Jean-Patrick Laporte, Mariam Roncato-Saberane, Camille Bron, Patrice Laudat, Samir Kennouche, Nawel Afroukh, Dominique Neri, Hakim Kherouf, Yoar Hichri, Pierre-Edouard Bollaert, Gwenaelle Vary, Denis Castaing, Christine Lefort, Sébastien Rouget, René Robert, Christelle Guillet-Caruba, Catherine Simonin, Alain Vighetto, Severine Cabasson, Alain Brusset, Alexandra Doloy, Christel Cherlet, Ahmed Rouidi, Marina Salvucci, Réginald Pordes, René-Gilles Patrigeon, Emmanuelle Dupre-Narlet, Jacques Minet, Fethi Taleb, Anne-Marie Colingorski, Tahar Hadou, Sylvain Diamantis, Isabelle Glorieux, Thierry May, Jean-Claude Colombani, Anne Berth-Farges, Nicole Desplaces, Renaud de Tayrac, Elisabeth Walter, Fabienne Lorge, Pascal Reboul, Nathalie Dournon, Laurence Estépa, Marie-Lina Toubia, Mathilde Flahault, Thierry Delacour, Dominique Hurel, Hélinoro Andriamaneo, Cécile Bébéar, Denis Grasset, Miloud Serier, Oléna Orléva, Nadine Dubroca, Hervé Gentilhomme, Jean-Luc Baudel, Isabelle Lavenu, Salim Smati, Carlo Saroufim, Eric Placidi, Albert Sotto, Benoît Libeau, Hélène Leroy, François Golfier, Christophe Dollon, Laurence Desnoulez, Eric Barre, Daniel Cohen, Pascal Priollet, Thierry Marsepoil, Benoît Lionnet, Jacques Tebib, Pascale Penn, Antoine Bouissou, Christian Roth, Olivier Martinet, Anna Schmitt, Nathalie Fruleux, Fouzia Radaoui, Jean-Marc Lessinger, Virginie Morando, Jean-Jacques Maillet, Christophe Fruchart, François Boué, François Goffinet, Franck Lellouche, Martin Demarchi, Alain Geissler, Jean-Charles Picaud, David Assouline, Patricia Brazille, Philippe Guimier, Marie-Françoise Dabysing, Bruno Delpeuch, Vanessa Tran, Guy Gengembre, Delphine Deligne, Dominique Vodovar, Yvan Touze, Sabrina Parent, Anne Decoster, Camille Dewitte, Emmanuel Weiss, Thierry Lambert, Thomas Guimard, Vincent Caille, Claude Guérin, Françoise Evreux, Geneviève Barjon, Basile Ondze, Damien Fournier, Olivia Bandin, Sophie Mignart, Henri Demontclos, Didier Perez, Jacques Croize, Nicole Desbois-Nogard, Guenièvre Imbert, Clarisse Dupin, Khalid Ridah, Marie-Christine Varin, Guillaume Arlet, Edith De Clareuil, Marie-Line Eustache, Patricia Le Pimpec, Louise Fortin, Eugène Ngami, Fabrice Mihout, Cecilia Esnault, Vincent Bouden, Véronique Annaix, Yves Poinsignon, Aurélien Lorchleac'h, Jean-Marc Degreff, Marie Garofano, Renaud Mesnage, Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso, Alain Chevailler, Stéphane Hominal, Thierry Charbonnier, Adrianna Bildea, Fabien Fily, Benjamin Davido, Emmanuel Rassiat, Assi Assi, Stéphanie Brunet, Hervé Jacquier, Catherine Claise, Annie Durand, Yannick Monceau, Pierre Blanc, Jean-Marie Sire, Yves Sucin, Jean-Pierre Zarski, Nathalie Bronet, Ingrid Lafon, Philippe Rey, Jacques Markarian, Eric Sennevile, Olivier Wink, Guilène Barnaud, Anne-Sophie Peultier, Sabine Taylor, Rim Savatier, Patrick Valayer, Claude Negrier, Selim Jennane, Edouard Begon, Laura Hyerle, Delphine Bridoux, Claire Daurel, Benoît Dalle, Mathilde Lescat, Philippe Stolidi, Elodie Perrodeau, Xavier Heches, Pierre Castelnau, Philippe Bray, Jean-Claude Texier, Serge Rossignol, Maud Brung-Lefebvre, Jean-François Subra, Jean-Marie Delarbre, Morgane Schneerson, Guyro Jang, Mona Mehri, Nathalie Landgraf, Pierre-Marie Girard, Armand Goll, Zaineb Bekguesmia, Christophe Clement, Michel Collet, Vincent Maze, Amine Benjelloul, Solène Durliat-Ellie, Vincent Letouzey, François Schmitt, Valérie Martinez, Sarah Watson, Abderrezak Bouasria, François Barbier, Raphael Lauretta, Mirana Razafimahery, Cristina Sirbu, Patrick Malherbe, Anne Wuillai, Ludovic Lesecq, Philippe Gaudard, Serge Houssaye, Jacques Monsegu, Gilles Rival, Chantal Chaplain, Jean-Didier Grangé, Oana Zamfiri, Florence Nguyen-Khac, Marc Portneuf, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Delphine Bonnet, Laurent Traissac, Sophie Hamon-Charles, Didier Dreyfuss, Louis Bernard, Laurence Detourmignies, Olivier Martineau, François Pettinelli, Marc Zandecki, Michel Dreyfus, Alain Chapelle, Sébastien Sabbat, Anne-Sophie Labussiere, Jean-Louis Gaillard, Chloé Plouzeau-Jayle, Patrick Zoveda, Véronique Leflon, Marie Levy, Aurélie Labé, Bruno Soulie, Raoul Jacques Bensaude, Hecham Moussa, Sylviane Catteu, Nathalie Biron, Loïc Masson, Georges Mourad, Nejla Aissa, Dragos Ciocan, Hubert De Boysson, Jean-Luc Bouyer, Patrick Yeni, Thierry-Pascal Zame, Caroline Thomas, François Cavalié, Laurence Koulmann, Christophe Rioux, Olivier Barraud, François Bricaire, Marguerite Le Poulain, Marie-Noelle Noulard, René Thomas, Guy Semet, Laurent Mosser, Olivier Marret, Brigitte Rivière, Vincent Jarlier, Jean-Philippe Coindre, Marc Villemain, Martin Pierre, Yacine Benkaci, Philippe Chiron, Hoang Vu-Thien, Jérôme Gournay, Andrea Labaune-Kiss, Brigitte Lauzanne, Fanny Lemercier, Souad Silhadi, Imad Kansau, Christophe Poncelet, Olivier Baldesi, Francis Thuet, Olivier Leroy, Aurore Lamberet, Camille Petit Hoang, Sophie Micheli, Ayman Abokasem, Hakima Nesrine, Pierre Lureau, Christian Chidiac, Vincent Piriou, Fabien Zoulim, Dieudonné Nicobaharaye, Anne Tixier, Isabelle Matheron, Soumeth Abasse, Victoria Cacheux, Serge Herson, Christine Fuhrmann, Olivier Proost, Bernard Bedock, Olivier Rogeaux, Mostapha Hajjar, Anne Reverseau, René Courcol, Françoise Carmagnol, Yves Guénard, Céline Ménard, Bouchra Lamia, Bruno Lemmens, Damien Bouhour, L. Lequen, Gaëlle Baty, Cédric Bouet, Dominique Guerrot, Stéphane Blanc, Catherine Chirouze, Anne-Hélène Reboux, A. Vachée, Gregory Taurin, Myriam Mein-Bottini, Jean-Pierre Belot, Alain Lafeuillade, Patricia Gabez-Therou, Philippe Labrousse, Bernard Jarrousse, Philippe Noto, Vincent Brunot, Philippe Condominas, Marion Challier, Béatrice Berçot, Delphine Anuset, Mélanie Daval Cote, François Bernasconi, Y. Costa, Chandrah Goburdhun, Bernard Gressier, Alban Michaud-herbst, Franck Charlier, Moussa Hecham, Luc Boulain, Hélène Corneloup, Alix Greder Belan, Nicolas Boussekey, Claire-Antoinette Dupuy, Yannick Rouquet, Benoit Renard, Benifla Jl, Etienne Javouhey, Michèle Granier, Marie-Christine Jaffarbandjee, Emilie Piet, Benoît Bergues, Claire Malbrunot, Catherine Tiry, Philippe Mérigot, Mouna Ben Soltana, Chantal Roure Sobas, Florian Radenac, Yves Thomas, Agathe Blaise, Sylvie De Martino, Laurence Legout, Gabriel Choukroun, Jean-François Muir, Peggy Dupretz, Patrick Dupont, François Guichart, Julie Jean, Jean-Michel Descamps, Bernard Kittschke, Anne Gruson, Gerard Viquesnel, Marie Keller, Pascal Chavanet, Françis Vallet, Yvan Vaschalde, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Gerard Lina, Françoise Loison, Simon Vincent, Jean-Paul Thellier, Moncef Afi, Dominique Zagozda, Hélène Sokeng-Affoule, Marc Le Bideau, Jean-François Loriferne, Alain Gravet, Sophie Deprecq, Tarik Naceur, Severine Mielczarek, René-Jean Bensadoun, Bernard Karkous, Yves Bléher, Jocelyne Poulain, Véronique Goulet, Laurence Nicolet, Sophie Arista, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira, Jean-François Schved, Laurent Nicolet, Claire Lecomte, Faiza Benddif-Fin, Michel Aumersier, Laurence Burc-Struxiano, Maxime Thouvenin, Samia Harbi, Mathieu Detave, Catherine Rebeyrotte, Jean-Paul Kisterman, Bruno Berdin, Pascal Vincent, Laurent Argaud, Elisabeth Parisi-Duchene, Geneviève Julienne, Fernanda Farto-Bensasson, Georges-Fabrice Blum, Sad Gaizi, Tali-Anne Szwebel, Raphaël Lepeule, Marie-Thérèse Climas, Anne-Françoise Dillies, Amar Boudhane, Umberto Simeoni, Pierre-François Dequin, Gérard Oliviero, Alain Gourlaouen, Caroline Piau, Marie-France Lutz-Murphy, Benoît Claude, Jean-Paul Aubry, Nadine Dubosc-Marchenay, Kamilla Chraibi, Emmanuelle Heusse, Sylvain Le Chevallier, Nathalie Brieu, Farid Sifaoui, Lorraine Letranchant, Hélène Durox, Jean-Pierre Lagasse, Adel Ghedira, Xavier Roubert, Fatma Magdoud, Hélène Jean-Pierre, Etienne Carbonelle, Olivier Dereeper, Lionel Carbillon, Christophe Billy, Mélanie Roblin, Marie-José Kodzin, Philippe Niel, Solène Makdessi, Matteo Vassallo, Maryse Archambaud, Fabian Haccourt, Didier Blaise, Stéphane Bourgeois, Elena Marcu, Charles Kubiak, Brisse Castel, François Guinet, Marie Pouzoullic, Frédérique Nathan-Bonnet, Vincent Gendrin, Céline Becherrawy, Aline Secher, Pierre Abgueguen, Clarence Eloy, Jean-Marc Tourani, Frédéric Klapczynski, Bernard Montmasson, Philippe Real, Joanna Pofelski, Yves Welker, Karim Krechiem, Eric Caumes, Martine Elena-Daumas, Christophe Saigne, Gilles Hittinger, Chantal Delesalle, Jonathan Messika, Fabrice Lesage, Daniela Pop, Daniel Coetmeur, Renato Colamarino, Chetaou Mahaza, Patrick Plésiat, Isabelle Fredenucci, Mylène Baret, Guy Mager, Pascale Chavel, Isabelle Labourdette, Anne-Claude Menguy, Nicolas Fortineau, Ludovic Le Sec, Valérie Gauduchon, Francis Barraud, Nicolas Letellier, Didier Vincent, Janine Frey, Philippe Riegel, Michel Pavic, Jean-Luc Fabre, Jean-Pierre Fauchart, Alain Goudeau, Stéphanie Husson-Wetzel, Philippe Eymerit, Mohamed Camara, Nathalie Seta, Elisabeth Carole Ngo Bell, Philippe Repellin, Laurent Alric, Vincent Leroy, Françoise Delisle Mizon, Jean-Philippe Emond, Marie-Françoise Borie, Lise Crémet, Wladimir Chelle, Elisabeth Brottier-Mancini, Bernard Garrigues, Claire Letellier, Loïc Geffray, Frédéric Méchaï, Julien Bador, Benoit Guery, Alain-Charles Fouilhoux, Corinne Dagada, Pierre Duhaut, Julien Goustille, Arnaud Sément, Francis Carcenac, Isabelle Girard-Buttaz, Claire Chapuzet, Fabienne Jouatte, Bruno Riou, Fabrice Hayoun, Chloé Di Meglio, Youssef Ali, Michel Leneveu, Nathalie Montagne, Yves Garcera, Audrey Moustache, Pierre-Eric Danin, Geneviève Le Lay, Dominique Courouge-Dorcier, Isabelle Worcel, Emmanuel Morelon, Vincent Pestre, Jean-Pierre Vilque, Jean-Christophe Paquet, Lucien Bodson, Anne-Marie Forest, Fabrice Pierre, Christian Pommier, Fabien Dutasta, Pierre Fournel, Stéphanie Courtois, Elodie Dubois, Serge Vanden Einjden, Patrick Honderlick, Pascal Richette, Fabienne Tamion, Véronique Chassy, Richard Megbemado, Anne-Marie Le Reste, Bernard Simian, Henri Osman, Anthony Texier, Badih Ayach, François Simon, Jean-Michel Filloux, Béatrice Dubourdieu, Jean-Claude Semet, Sarah Kubab, Tawfiq Henni, Patrick Dudeffant, Delphine Hequet, Olivier Mimoz, Marc Auburtin, Amélie Chabrol, Mickael Bonnan, Caroline Léonnet, Claire Wintenberger, Serge Ilunga, Patrice Lanba, Sophie Rosello, Alexandre Damage, Flore Bouche, Michel Thibault, Frederic Faibis, Chantal Dhennain, Jean-Philippe Talarmin, Armelle Lamour, Remi Boussier, Fabien Garnier, Marie-Laure Brival, Nourredine Hedjem, Philippe Vande-perre, Raphaël Coint, Jean-Claude Reveil, Eva Weinbronn, Emmanuelle Lavalard, Alexandra Fille, Françoise Le Turdu, Lionel Leroux, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Jean Berthet, Radia Bouaziz, Alain Ravaud, Sylvaine Rousseau, Yacine Merrouche, Alain Le Coustumier, Bertrand Guider, Gisèle Dewulf, Jean-Marc Faucheux, Jacques Piquet, Franck Leibinger, Charles Cerf, Robin Stephan, Jean-Philippe Redonnet, Jean-Paul Stahl, Ella Dzeing, Simona Pavel, Guy Vernet, Ghada Hatem, Samer Kayal, Jacques Deschamps, Dominique Descamps, Marion Levast, Marc Bouiller, Sylvie Dargere, Claire Dingremont, Stéphane Gaudry, François Maillot, Sylvie Odent, Nathalie Cervantes, Hélène Zanaldi, Laurence Gachassin, Olivier Ruyer, David Patin, Benoît Cazenave, Pascal Jacquier, Michelle Boyer, Béatrice Berteaux, Virginie Zarrouk, Jacques Bor, Isabelle Legoff, Hélène Albinet, Florence Rousseau, Gilles Pialoux, Guenaelle Salaun-Beretta, Alexandra Moura, Véronique Vernet Garnier, Didier Lepelletier, Pierre-Alexandre Hauss, Joëlle Belaisch-Amart, Didier Lepeletier, Jacob Xavier, Aline Nare, Annie Motard-Picheloup, Alain Améri, Bertrand Lioger, Jean-Valère Malfuson, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de Référence Listeria - National Reference Center Listeria (CNRL), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre collaborateur de l'OMS Listeria / WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria (CC-OMS / WHO-CC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département de Médecine interne [Lariboisière], Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Service de Gynécologie et Obstétrique [Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Investigation Clinique et d’Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (Plate-forme) - Clinical Investigation and Access to BioResources (ICAReB), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Infectious Disease Department [Saint Maurice], Agence Nationale de la Santé Publique [Saint-Maurice] (ANSP), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, MONALISA study group, Programme Hospitalier Recherche Clinique, Institut Pasteur, Inserm, French Public Health Agency., ROZIER, marie-Claire, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de Référence Listeria - Biologie des Infections (CNRL), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre collaborateur de l'OMS Listeria - Biologie des Infections (CCOMS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Hôpital Lariboisière-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Institut Pasteur [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre National de Référence Listeria - Biologie des Infections ( CNRL ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre collaborateur de l'OMS (CCOMS) des Listeria ( CCOMS ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie ( UPMC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Hôpital Lariboisière, Biologie des Infections, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Investigation Clinique et d’Accès aux Ressources Biologiques (Plate-forme) - Clinical Investigation and Access to BioResources ( ICAReB ), Agence Nationale de la Santé Publique [Saint-Maurice] ( ANSP ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Bacteremia/epidemiology/mortality, 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, bacteraemia, Infectious Disease Transmission, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacteremia, France/epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Foodborne Diseases, Meningoencephalitis, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Vertical, Medicine, Listeriosis, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prospective cohort study, ddc:618, diabetes, alcoholism, Hazard ratio, Foodborne Diseases/microbiology, immuno suppressive therapies, Prognosis, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases, isolates, Population Surveillance, Female, France, Listeria monocytogenes/classification/isolation & purification, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Notifiable disease, Listeriosis/diagnosis/epidemiology/microbiology, Context (language use), macromolecular substances, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, study, Aged, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, Public health, cirrhosis, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Diseases/epidemiology/microbiology, HIV, Mandatory Reporting, Newborn, medicine.disease, Listeria monocytogenes, infection, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology/microbiology, Meningoencephalitis/epidemiology/microbiology/mortality, Observational study, business, prognostic, mellitus
Abstract

International audience; Evidence before this study We searched PubMed on June 30, 2016, for English-language cohort studies published since Jan 1, 1980, of patients with invasive listeriosis worldwide with the keywords " listeria " , " listeriosis " , " maternal " , and " neurolisteriosis ". Studies had to include epidemiological or clinical data on listeriosis. All clinical forms of infection were included (bacteraemia, neurolisteriosis, and maternal–neonatal infection). Host risk factors for listeriosis have been well identified, but the clinical features and prognostic factors of the disease are based on retrospective studies compiling heterogeneous data or random collected cases. Furthermore, no clinical trial has ever been done and medical management is not evidence based. Added value of the study Our study is the first prospective clinical study focusing on all forms of invasive listeriosis. The study is based on a national mandatory system that allowed the nearly complete capture of microbiologically proven cases. The study shows a higher burden of listeriosis than reported before: more than 80% of infected mothers experienced major fetal or neonatal complications (fetal loss, very high prematurity, early or late onset disease); only 39% of patients with neurolisteriosis survived and fully recovered. The study provides important new data to improve management and predict outcome in listeriosis, such as determination of the time window for fetal losses (

Published
2016

40. Rapid bench identification of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A multicenter comparative evaluation of Alere PBP2a Culture Colony Test (Alere) Versus Slidex MRSA detection (bioMérieux)

Author

Pascale Bémer, Anne-Laure Michon, Brigitte Lamy, Michèle Bes, Jocelyne Caillon, Céline Dupieux, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Laurent Mereghetti, Frédéric Laurent, Nejla Aissa, Alain Lozniewski, Philippe Lanotte, Jason Tasse, Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis (StaPath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de bactériologie-virologie [Tours], Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infectiologie Santé Publique (ISP-311), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Susceptibility testing, Staphylococcus aureus, genetic structures, 030106 microbiology, Rapid tests, medicine.disease_cause, Methicillin resistance, Sensitivity and Specificity, Chromatography, Affinity, Comparative evaluation, Microbiology, PBP2a, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Agglutination Tests, medicine, Humans, Methicillin sensitive, Slidex, Bacteriological Techniques, business.industry, General Medicine, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, France, business
Abstract

International audience; Using 30 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus representative of the most prevalent clones circulating in France, the performance of the Alere™ PBP2a Culture Colony Test (CCT) and the Slidex(®) MRSA detection kit (SMD) were compared in 5 different labs. CCT demonstrated better performance and was easier to conduct in routine.

Published
2016

41. A delivery system of linezolid to enhance the MRSA osteomyelitis prognosis: in vivo experimental assessment

Author

Pierre Weiss, Gilles Potel, Jocelyne Caillon, Alexis Gaudin, Anne-Françoise Miègeville, Jean-Michel Bouler, Gilles Amador, V. Le Mabecque, H. Gautier, Cyndie Desessard, Cédric Jacqueline, Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire d'ingénierie osteo-articulaire et dentaire (LIOAD), Université de Nantes (UN)-IFR26-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Jehan, Frederic

Subjects
Antibiotics, Colony Count, Microbial, 02 engineering and technology, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Delivery Systems, Bone Marrow, Apatites, Acetamides, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Osteomyelitis, General Medicine, Staphylococcal Infections, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Glycopeptide, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, Staphylococcus aureus, Female, Rabbits, 0210 nano-technology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Bone and Bones, Bone Infection, 03 medical and health sciences, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Oxazolidinones, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Linezolid, medicine.disease, Surgery, Disease Models, Animal, chemistry, Bone marrow, business
Abstract

International audience; Staphylococcusaureus, a major responsible microorganism of osteomyelitis, represents a challenge to treat because of the poor penetration of antibiotics in bone and increasing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to glycopeptides. The calcium-deficient apatites (CDA), closer to the biological components found in bone and other calcified tissues, have osteoconductive properties. So, to process severe osseous infections, CDA can be used to deliver in the infectious site antibiotics like linezolid. The acute experimental osteomyelitis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA) was induced in rabbit’s femurs and surgery mimicking human procedures was performed at day three after inoculation. Animals were randomly assigned to treatment groups: L(IV)[4-day linezolid IV infusion, human-equivalent dose of 10 mg/kg/12 h], L(CDA50%) (100 mg CDA with linezolid 500 μg/mg) and L (CDA50%) +L (IV). Surviving bacteria were counted in bonemarrow (BM) and bone (Bo) at day 3 (before treatment), day 7 (4-day treatment) or day 17 (14-day treatment). L(iv)was effective after a 4-day treatment with a log[10]CFU/g decrease of −2.63±1.92 and −2.17±1.58 in bone marrowand bone, respectively. CDA loaded with linezolid enhance the efficacy of the IV linezolid regimen by more than one log[10]CFU/g.

Published
2012

42. A new experimental model of acute osteomyelitis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in rabbit

Author

V. Le Mabecque, Gilles Potel, G. Amador Del Valle, Jocelyne Caillon, Antoine Hamel, Cédric Jacqueline, Alexis Gaudin, and Anne-Françoise Miègeville

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, Osteomyelitis, Antibiotics, Bone tissue, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 3. Good health, Bone Infection, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, In vivo, Staphylococcus aureus, Immunology, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bone marrow, business
Abstract

Aims: To assess the impact of antibiotic therapy on severe osseous infections, animal models of chronic bacterial infections have been developed; however, these models suffer from many experimental limitations. The aim of this work was to develop a new model system in which high levels of bacteria are obtained within femoral bone marrow and bone tissue, and such infections are maintained for at least 14 days. Methods and Results: Experimental osteomyelitis was induced in 25 New Zealand white rabbits. A 109 CFU ml−1 suspension of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was injected into the knee after bone trepanation. On day 3, surgical debridement was performed to mimic a surgical procedure. Animals were euthanized 1, 2, 3, 9 and 14 days post-inoculation to determine the bacterial counts in marrow and bone, and to evaluate the stability of the infection. Inoculated lesions also were assessed for changes in histological parameters on days 3 and 7 post-inoculation. At days 1, 2, 3, 9 and 14 post-inoculation, we observed 6·50 ± 0·64, 7·30 ± 0·49, 7·82 ± 0·19, 8·00 ± 1·48 and 8·99 ± 0·20 log10 CFU g−1 in bone marrow and 8·40 ± 0·68, 7·65 ± 0·27, 7·58 ± 0·30, 8·88 ± 0·52 and 8·28 ± 0·39 log10 CFU g−1 in bone tissue, respectively. No statistical differences in bacterial count were found between bone marrow and bone tissue at any time point. Conclusion: This new model of acute osteomyelitis was validated by histological and microbiological changes in the absence of sclerosing agents, and these changes remained stable for 14 days. Significance and Impact of the Study: These results describe a new experimental model of acute osteomyelitis and demonstrate its usefulness in assessing the activity of antibacterial agents in vivo soon after bone infection.

Published
2011

43. Eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit: Which measures for which success?

Author

Stéphane Corvec, Jean-Christophe Rozé, Jocelyne Caillon, Alain Reynaud, Christèle Gras-Leguen, and Didier Lepelletier

Subjects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, Isolation (health care), Epidemiology, Mupirocin, medicine.disease_cause, Disease Outbreaks, Education, law.invention, Patient Isolation, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Intensive care, medicine, Humans, Cross Infection, Infection Control, business.industry, Health Policy, Infant, Newborn, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, Staphylococcal Infections, Intensive care unit, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Anterior nares, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, France, business, Sentinel Surveillance, Hand Disinfection
Abstract

Background Various strategies for controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have been tried, with varying levels of success. We report a MRSA outbreak occurring between April 2004 and August 2007 in a 24-bed NICU in a large university hospital. We describe the difficulties involved in implementing measures to control the MRSA outbreak and the possible contribution of each measure. Methods Cases were defined as neonates with MRSA obtained from either clinical cultures or surveillance cultures (from the anterior nares). Systematic screening of neonates for colonization was performed only between February and December 2005. Successive control strategies included barrier precaution and isolation in individual rooms, mupirocine ointment for neonates and health care workers, cohort isolation, hand hygiene observation, and staff training. Results During the routine surveillance culture period (February to December 2005; 48 weeks), 46 neonates were found to be positive for MRSA and were treated with mupirocin. After December 2005, the outbreak was controlled, but the ongoing spread was not eradicated; 9 sporadic MRSA cases were detected by clinical culture up to August 2007. Conclusion The widespread use of mupirocine in staff and patients did not control the outbreak and is not recommended. The later control appeared to coincide with increased hand hygiene audits and training for staff, along with appropriate cohort isolation of neonates and cohort nursing.

Published
2009

44. Internal device decreases antibiotic's efficacy on experimental osteomyelitis

Author

Jocelyne Caillon, Antoine Hamel, Jean-Michel Rogez, Gilles Potel, and Cédric Jacqueline

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Osteosynthesis, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Osteomyelitis, Antibiotics, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Surgery, Basic Science, Staphylococcus aureus, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Orthopedic surgery, medicine, Rabbit model, Vancomycin, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Purpose We have evaluated the effect of internal and external osteosynthesis devices on the efficacy of vancomycin treatment in a rabbit model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced post-traumatic osteomyelitis. Methods Double tibial osteotomies in female New Zealand rabbits were performed, inoculated with a MRSA strain, then fixed with an intramedullary rod. A debridement was performed 4 days later for each rabbit, and a bacterial count in pus was determined (B1). In the first group (G1), the osteosynthesis material was removed and replaced by a new sterile nail. In the second group (G2), the intramedullary rod was removed and then replaced by an external fixator. Immediately after surgery, G1 and G2 rabbits were treated with vancomycin (60 mg/kg twice a day). The animals were sacrificed at the end of a 5-day period, and a bacterial count in pus was performed again (B2). Results The difference of log10 colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) (B2−B1) was −1.2 ± 0.5 and −2.9 ± 1.1, respectively, for G1 and G2. Conclusion The efficacy of vancomycin treatment increased after removal of the internal osteosynthesis device.

Published
2008

45. Rifampin use in acute community-acquired meningitis in intensive care units: the French retrospective cohort ACAM-ICU study

Author

Mathieu Jozwiak, Nadia Anguel, Jocelyne Caillon, Pascal Beuret, Christophe Girault, David Boutoille, Jean-Louis Trouillet, Daniel Villers, Gilles Potel, Christophe Guitton, and Cédric Bretonnière

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Meningitis, Meningococcal, Neisseria meningitidis, medicine.disease_cause, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, Meningitis, Bacterial, law, Internal medicine, Intensive care, Medicine, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Meningitis, Pneumococcal, Research, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Community-Acquired Infections, Intensive Care Units, Treatment Outcome, Cohort, Vancomycin, Female, France, Rifampin, business, Meningitis, medicine.drug
Abstract

Introduction Bacterial meningitis among critically ill adult patients remains associated with both high mortality and frequent, persistent disability. Vancomycin was added to treatment with a third-generation cephalosporin as recommended by French national guidelines. Because animal model studies had suggested interest in the use of rifampin for treatment of bacterial meningitis, and after the introduction of early corticosteroid therapy (in 2002), there was a trend toward increasing rifampin use for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The aim of this article is to report on this practice. Methods Five ICUs participated in the study. Baseline characteristics and treatment data were retrospectively collected from charts of patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis during a 5-year period (2004–2008). The ICU mortality was the main outcome measure; Glasgow Outcome Scale and 3-month mortality were also assessed. Results One hundred fifty-seven patients were included. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis were the most prevalent causative microorganisms. The ICU mortality rate was 15 %. High doses of a cephalosporin were the most prevalent initial antimicrobial treatment. The delay between admission and administration of the first antibiotic dose was correlated with ICU mortality. Rifampin was used with a cephalosporin for 32 patients (ranging from 8 % of the cohort for 2004 to 30 % in 2008). Administration of rifampin within the first 24 h of hospitalization could be associated with a lower ICU survival. Statistical association between such an early rifampin treatment and ICU mortality reached significance only for patients with pneumococcal meningitis (p=0.031) in univariate analysis, but not in the logistic model. Conclusions We report on the role of rifampin use for patients with community-acquired meningitis, and the results of this study suggest that this practice may be associated with lower mortality in the ICU. Nevertheless, the only independent predictors of ICU mortality were organ failure and pneumococcal infection. Further studies are required to confirm these results and to explain how rifampin use would reduce mortality.

Published
2015

46. Medical treatment of prosthetic vascular graft infections: review of the literature and proposals of a Working Group

Author

Jocelyne Caillon, P. Feugier, Matthieu Revest, Eric Senneville, Brigitte Calvet, Frédéric Laurent, Christian Chidiac, M. Batt, Fabrice Camou, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Service des maladies infectieuses [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Service de bactériologie et hygiène hospitalière [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis (StaPath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de Béziers, CH Béziers, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), This work was partly supported by a research grant from Novartis. Novartis had no role in the choice of the authors and had no access to the conclusions of the authors until the work was ended., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Staphylococcus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Surgical removal, Antibiotic therapy, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Intensive care medicine, Vascular prosthesis infection, Rifampicin, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Medical treatment, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, Anti-Bacterial Agents, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Debridement, Infective endocarditis, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Vascular Grafting, France, business, Vascular graft, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; More than 400 000 vascular grafts are inserted annually in the USA. Graft insertion is complicated by infection in 0.5–4% of cases. Vascular graft infections (VGIs) are becoming one of the most frequent prosthesis-related infections and are associated with considerable mortality, ranging from 10–25% within 30 days following the diagnosis. Treatment of VGI is based on urgent surgical removal of the infected graft followed by prolonged antibiotherapy. Data regarding the best antibiotherapy to use are lacking since no well designed trial to study antimicrobial treatment of VGI exists. Moreover, since VGIs demonstrate very specific pathophysiology, guidelines on other material-related infections or infective endocarditis treatment cannot be entirely applied to VGI. A French multidisciplinary group gathering infectious diseases specialists, anaesthesiologists, intensivists, microbiologists, radiologists and vascular surgeons was created to review the literature dealing with VGI and to make some proposals regarding empirical and documented antibiotic therapy for these infections. This article reveals these proposals

Published
2015

47. Escherichia Coli Antibiotic Resistance in Emergency Departments. Do Local Resistance Rates Matter?

Author

O. Grignon, Jocelyne Caillon, Eric Batard, Jean-Benoit Hardouin, Didier Lepelletier, Stéphane Corvec, Emmanuel Montassier, Université de Nantes (UN), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Male, Veterinary medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Drug resistance, Urine, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical microbiology, Antibiotic resistance, Moxifloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Risk Factors, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Escherichia coli Infections, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Escherichia Coli, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Trimethoprim, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Antibiotic Resistance, Female, France, business, Emergency Service, Hospital, medicine.drug
Abstract

Ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole are recommended to treat uncomplicated pyelonephritis and uncomplicated cystitis, respectively, provided that local resistance rates of uropathogens do not exceed specified thresholds (10 and 20 %, respectively). However, Escherichia coli resistance rates in Emergency Departments (ED) remain poorly described. Our objectives were to assess E. coli ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole resistance rates in EDs of a French administrative region, and to determine if resistance rates differ between EDs. This was a retrospective study of E. coli urine isolates sampled in ten EDs between 2007 and 2012. The following risk factors for resistance were tested using logistic regression: ED, sex, age, sampling year, sampling month. A total of 17,527 isolates were included. Ciprofloxacin local resistance rates (range, 5.3 % [95 % CI, 4.0–7.1 %] to 11.7 % [95 % CI, 5.2–23.2 %]) were ≤10 % in nine EDs in 2012. Five EDs were risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance, as were male sex, age and sampling in April or October. Cotrimoxazole local resistance rates (range, 13.3 % [95 % CI, 6.3–25.1 %] to 20.4 % [95 % CI, 18.9–22.0 %]) were ≤20 % in seven EDs in 2012. Five EDs were risk factors for cotrimoxazole resistance, as were age, sampling between October and December, and sampling in 2011 and 2012. We found a significant variability of E. coli ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole resistance rates among EDs of a small region. These differences impact on the feasibility of empirical treatment of urinary tract infections with ciprofloxacin or cotrimoxazole in a given ED. Continuous local survey of antibacterial resistance in ED urinary isolates is warranted to guide antibacterial therapy of urinary tract infections.

Published
2015

48. Dosage des antibiotiques en réanimation : quand et comment demander et interpréter les tests ?

Author

Dominique Navas, Jocelyne Caillon, M. F. Kergueris, G. Potel, Cédric Jacqueline, and Eric Batard

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Intensive care, Emergency Medicine, Medicine, Emergency Nursing, business
Abstract

Resume Le monitorage des concentrations seriques d'antibiotiques revet une importance toute particuliere en reanimation, ou les malades presentent des perturbations graves des constantes physiologiques venant modifier la pharmacocinetique des molecules utilisees. Parmi les antibiotiques administres, il faut distinguer ceux ayant une activite de type « temps-dependant » (betalactamines, glycopeptides, linezolide), de ceux ayant une activite de type « concentration-dependant » (aminosides, fluoroquinolones). Le monitorage des concentrations au pic, en residuelle, ou a l'etat d'equilibre permet d'ajuster les doses quotidiennes et les intervalles d'administration, en adaptant le traitement aux exigences pharmacodynamiques et toxicologiques de l'antibiotique utilise.

Published
2006

49. Trough serum concentrations of β-lactam antibiotics in cancer patients: inappropriateness of conventional schedules to pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of β-lactams

Author

M. F. Kergueris, Jocelyne Caillon, Gilles Potel, Philippe Moreau, Dominique Navas, Philippe Le Conte, and Eric Batard

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), Imipenem, Neutropenia, medicine.drug_class, Cefepime, Antibiotics, Ceftazidime, Pharmacology, beta-Lactams, Drug Administration Schedule, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Neoplasms, polycyclic compounds, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Aged, Antibacterial agent, business.industry, Bacterial Infections, General Medicine, Middle Aged, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cephalosporins, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Pharmacodynamics, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Serum concentrations of β-lactams that continuously exceed the minimum inhibitory concentration may improve therapeutic outcomes for immunosuppressed patients. The trough serum levels of ceftazidime (CAZ), cefepime (FEP) or imipenem (IMP) were prospectively determined on days 1 and 3 of treatment in cancer patients. Seventy-eight episodes of suspected infection were analysed. Trough serum levels were higher than 4 mg/L in 62%, 24% and 0% of cases in the CAZ, FEP and IMP groups, respectively, and were higher than 20 mg/L in 24% of cases in the CAZ group compared with 0% both in the FEP and IMP groups. For suspected infectious episodes in cancer patients, the traditional intermittent regimen of β-lactams does not appear to be appropriate for the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of these antibiotics.

Published
2006

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results