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On account of the uneven level of ecological and environmental protection in the countries along the Belt and Road, infrastructure construction and investment cooperation around natural resource-intensive industries such as steel, energy, and nonferrous metals can easily induce serious ecological problems. It is necessary and practical to provide enterprises with timely and effective ecological circumstantial information of Belt and Road and pilot the establishment of the Belt and Road infrastructure construction activities with appropriate ecological risk prevention and control mechanisms. In this study, we researched the ecological risk level distribution of the countries along the Belt and Road by using ESA global land cover data and ecological risk index mode of land use. Kuwait, one of the most representative countries along the Belt and Road, was selected to analyze its spatial distribution of ecological risk by using ordinary Kriging interpolation. The results show several aspects. There existed high-ranking ecological risks in the following countries: Saudi Arabia in the Middle East, Turkmenistan in the Central Asian, Mongolia in East Asia and Pakistan in South Asia and so on; the medium ecological risks appear in the following countries: Ukraine in Eastern Europe, India, Bangladesh in South Asian, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia the low ecological risk countries mainly include Russia, most Eastern European countries represented by Poland, and most Southeast Asian countries represented by Thailand. In the case, Kuwait's risk level is high in urban areas, medium in desert areas, and low along the Persian Gulf, showing a layered and striped distribution. Most areas in Kuwait are medium ecological risk zones with a relatively small area of high ecological risk and low ecological risk areas clustered in the eastern part of Kuwait. To effectively lower the ecological risk levels of countries along B&R, we suggest establishing B&R ecological risk prevention and control mechanisms while ecological conservation technologies are also worth noting.

As an innovation-led, cross-disciplinary frontier field, the new network industry is crucial for promoting the innovation and application of the new-generation information technology as well as the integrated development of industrialization and informatization in China. It is also a powerful means for seizing dominance in emerging industries and economic growth. This study examines the development demand for new network technologies and elaborates on solutions for various application scenarios, highlighting its industrialization value. We made a detailed review of the macro development trend and the current technology application in the new network industry in China and abroad. We conclude the development ideas of China’s new network industry and study the key development directions of related industries. Then, we propose specific development goals for each subdivision in the short-, medium-, and long-term phases. The study shows that a new network industry strategic planning system and cutting-edge basic theory innovation research are urgently needed for China’s new network industry. The key technology directions for this industry includes new network architecture and basic theory, ultra-low latency/deterministic latency network, network operating system, cloud–network convergence, and programmable network.

A high performance near-infrared organic phototransistor is achieved via introducing a small molecule acceptor as an electron trapping site into the narrow-bandgap conjugated polymer films. With only 10% (wt) addition of the acceptor molecule, the photoresponse to light of 850 nm has been significantly improved with a best photoresponsivity up to 2000 A W-1, high detectivity of 1016 Jones and fairly good photosensitivity in the order of 106.

The objective was to investigate and evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of levosimendan in patients with chronic systolic heart failure. Forty-nine patients with chronic systolic heart failure during acute decompensation were randomly divided into a levosimendan group (26 cases) and a control group (23 cases). The control group received only routine treatment, while the levosimendan group received a levosimendan bolus with a load of 12 µg/kg, in addition to the same routine treatment as the control group. After 48 hours of treatment, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in the levosimendan group were significantly lower than those in the control group. In addition, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function scores of the levosimendan group were significantly higher and more improved than those of the control group seven days after treatment, but there was no significant difference in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter between the two groups. Furthermore, 48 hours after treatment, there were no significant differences in potassium, haemoglobin, haematocrit and creatinine levels between the levosimendan and control groups. During the whole hospitalisation, there was one case of sudden death in the control group and one case of palpitations in the levosimendan group, and no hypotension or severe hypokalaemia occurred in either group. Levosimendan significantly improved NT-proBNP and LVEF in patients with chronic systolic heart failure, and improved NYHA cardiac function classification without significant cardiovascular events. Levosimendan is therefore effective and safe in the short-term treatment of chronic systolic heart failure.

Forty planar superconducting undulators (SCUs) of 4 m length will be used in Shanghai High Repetition rate XFEL and Extreme Light (SHINE) facility. As the longest SCU in developing of the worldwide, they could generate photon in energy range of 10–25 keV. NbTi/Cu wires with the diameter 0.6 mm and the ratio of Cu to NbTi 0.9 have been chosen as the fundamental element of superconducting coils. Coils temperature must be below 5 K when operating current reaches 400 A. Meanwhile, the magnetic gap need to be less than 5 mm to obtain the peak field of 1.58 T. Therefore, beam chamber installation is infeasible in such a small gap. Two parallel copper foils close to the surface of magnetic poles have been designed to shield beam heat load. Furthermore, four liquid Helium tubes located symmetrically around magnetic structure have been designed to cool the copper foils used as beam channel. There is no cryocooler on the SCU because liquid Helium is provided by the cryogenic plant of SHINE.

This 1:5 case‐control study aimed to identify the risk factors of hospital‐acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) and to develop a mathematical model of nomogram for the risk prediction of HAPIs. Data for 370 patients with HAPIs and 1971 patients without HAPIs were extracted from the adverse events and the electronic medical systems. They were randomly divided into two sets: training (n = 1951) and validation (n = 390). Significant risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses in the training set, followed by a nomogram constructed. Age, independent movement, sensory perception and response, moisture, perfusion, use of medical devices, compulsive position, hypoalbuminaemia, an existing pressure injury or scarring from a previous pressure injury, and surgery sufferings were considered significant risk factors and were included to construct a nomogram. In both of the training and validation sets, the areas of 0.90 under the receiver operating characteristic curves showed excellent discrimination of the nomogram; calibration plots demonstrated a good consistency between the observed probability and the nomogram's prediction; decision curve analyses exhibited preferable net benefit along with the threshold probability in the nomogram. The excellent performance of the nomogram makes it a convenient and reliable tool for the risk prediction of HAPIs.

Commercial applications of skin-like electronic devices for healthcare, intelligent robotics and electronic communication require large-scale high-density transistor arrays with high mechanical deformability and robustness that can be provided by intrinsically stretchable transistors. However, the contradictory crystallinity-dominated mobility and stretchability in the currently reported polymer semiconductors result in extremely limited high-mobility intrinsically stretchable transistors. Herein, based on a polymer with strong intrachain transport, we pioneer the use of molecular weight modulation to synchronously achieve increased mobility from 0.56 to 1.95 cm2 V−1 s−1 and increased crack-onset strain from 26 to 97% in the PIDTBT film. Based on the molecular weight modulation, a high-performance intrinsically stretchable transistor array with stretchability up to 100 percent strain and mobility up to 1.84 cm2 V−1 s−1, was demonstrated. Moreover, the stretchable transistor array presents a device density as high as 375 devices per square centimeter and good electrical performance at the static and dynamic stretching strain. Our results provide a new strategy for creating intrinsically stretchable transistors with high mobility and present unprecedented opportunities for large-scale high-density production of next-generation stretchable electronics.

OBJECTIVE: On evaluating the guidelines from previous studies, we found no randomized controlled trials on the use of beta-blockers for heart failure (HF) that employed as evidence for heart rate targets of 60 or 70 beats/min. In this study, we aimed to assess the target heart rate in patients with HF treated with beta-blockers. METHODS: We used the keywords, “heart failure” and “beta-blocker” to search PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE, and Cochrane from 1966 to June 2021. Two authors independently reviewed the results of the search strategy and selected all the studies that reported the effect of beta-blockers on all-cause mortality in patients with HFrEF. We conducted analyses using Review Manager, version 5.0 and Stata version 12.0. Risk of bias was assessed regarding randomization, allocation sequence concealment, blinding, incomplete outcome data, and other biases. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to compare the results of fixed effect model with the results of random effect. RESULTS: No clinical trial supported the optimal heart rate of 60 beats/min. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were 0.77 (0.71, 0.83) and 0.86 (0.76, 0.97) in the subgroup with a baseline heart rate >80 beats/min and subgroup with baseline of ≤80 beats/min, respectively. RR and 95% CI were 0.92 (0.82, 1.02) and 0.77 (0.65, 0.92) in 2 subgroups with heart rate controlled ≥70 beats/min and 60–70 beats/min, respectively. Accumulated to MOCHA 1 trial (heart rate controlled 70 beats/min), there was no significant difference in mortality between the experimental group and the control group (RR=0.91, 95% CI 0.82–1.02). Accumulated to SENIORS trial (heart rate controlled 68.8 beats/min), there was a difference in mortality between the experimental and the control groups (RR=0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.99). CONCLUSION: The main effect of beta-blockers in the treatment of HF is achieved by lowering heart rate. The use of beta-blockers did not benefit in people with HFrEF whose heart rate was 77 beats/min before they started the treatment regimen. In patients with HFrEF, the purpose of beta-blockers is to control the heart rate to 65–70 beats min.

Aim The current study aimed to establish a novel electrocardiographic (ECG) criterion for discrimination of idiopathic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) originating from posteroseptal right ventricular outflow tract (sRVOT-p) versus right coronary cusp (RCC). Methods A total of 76 patients with idiopathic PVCs who underwent mapping and successful ablation were retrospectively included. Among them, 37 patients had PVCs from sRVOT-p origin and 39 patients from RCC origin. The surface ECGs during PVCs were recorded. S-R different index in V1/V3 was calculated with the following formula of 0.134*V3R-0.133*V1S. Results ECG characteristics showed wider total QRS duration, smaller R-wave amplitude on lead V2-V5, and larger S-wave amplitude on lead V1-V3 in sRVOT-p origin than RCC origin. Lead V3 was the most common transitional lead in two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that S-wave amplitude on lead V1 exhibited the largest AUC of 0.772, followed by the AUC of R-wave amplitude on lead V3 of 0.771. Subsequently, 0.134*V3R-0.133*V1S index was obtained by multiplication, subtraction, sum, and division of these ECG measurements, which exhibited the largest AUC of 0.808. The optimal cut-off value was −0.26 for differentiating RCC from sRVOT-p origin, with the sensitivity of 78.4% and specificity of 77.8%. Moreover, 0.134*V3R-0.133*V1S index was superior to previous criteria in analysis of PVCs originating from sRVOT-p and RCC. Conclusions 0.134*V3R-0.133*V1S is a novel ECG criterion to discriminate sRVOT-p from RCC origin in patients with idiopathic PVCs, which may provide guidance for approach of radiofrequency catheter ablation.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Epidemiological studies suggested that the association between the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and the risk of prediabetes is inconsistent. Whether VAI is a useful predictor of prediabetes remains unclear. Up until April 2021, there had been no systematic review on this topic. In this meta-analysis, the available observational epidemiological evidence was synthesized to identify the association between VAI and prediabetes risk. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases in any language were searched systematically from the earliest available online indexing year to April 2021 for relevant observational studies published on the association between VAI and the risk of prediabetes. A random effects model was used to combine quantitatively the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Ten relevant studies (2 cohort study, 2 case-control studies, and 6 cross-sectional studies) involving 112,603 participants were identified. Compared with the highest VAI, the lowest level of VAI was associated with an increased risk of prediabetes. The pooled OR of VAI for prediabetes was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.44-1.96), with significant heterogeneity across the included studies (P = 0.000, I2 = 91.4%). Exclusion of any single study did not materially alter the combined risk estimate. CONCLUSIONS Integrated epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that VAI is a lipid combined anthropometric index and may be a risk factor for prediabetes. VAI may be related to a high risk of prediabetes. However, it should be noted that the included studies have a publication bias and there was significant heterogeneity between our pooled estimate.

High-mobility polymer field-effect transistors (PFETs) are being actively explored for applications in soft electronic skin and low-cost flexible displays because of their superior solution processability, mechanical flexibility, and stretchability. However, most of high-mobility PFETs often deviate from the idealized behavior with variable mobility, large threshold voltage, and high off-state current, which masks their intrinsic properties and significantly impedes their practical applications. Here, it is first revealed that interface strain between polymer thin film and rigid substrate plays a crucial role in determining the ideality of PFETs, and demonstrate that various ideal conformable PFETs can be successfully fabricated by releasing strain. It is found that strain in film can be released by one-step peeling strategy, which can reduce π-π stacking distance and suppress generation of oxygen doped carriers, thereby obtaining linearly injected charge carriers and decreased carrier concentration in channel, eventually realizing ideal PFETs. More impressively, the fabricated ideal conformable PFET array displays outstanding conformability to curved objects, and meanwhile showing excellent organic light-emitting display driving capability. The work clarifies the effect of the interface strain on the device ideality, and strain can be effectively released by a facile peeling strategy, thus offering useful guidance for the construction of ideal conformable PFETs.

Elliptical polarized undulators (EPUs) are broadly used in the soft X-ray energy range. They have the advantage of providing photons with both varied energy and polarization through adjustments to the value of the gap and/or shift magnet arrays in an undulator. Yet these adjustments may create a disturbance on the stability of the electron beam in a storage ring. To correct such a disturbance, it is necessary to establish a feed-forward table of key nodes in the gap-shift-defined two-dimensional parameter space. Such a table can only be scanned during machine-study time. For a free-walking mode, whereby an undulator is allowed to manoeuvre in the whole gap-shift space, all the key nodes need to be scanned at the expense of a large amount of machine-study time. This will greatly delay the employment of a full-polarization capable undulator (especially circularly polarized). By analyzing data-collecting patterns of user experiments, this paper defines a reduced set of key nodes in gap-shift parameter space, with the number of key nodes to be scanned for feed-forwarding scaled down to one-third of the original; and introduces a new walking mode for EPUs: confined-walking mode, whereby the undulator is manoeuvred only within the reduced set of key nodes. Such a mode is firstly realized on the EPUs at the DREAMLINE beamline at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). Under confined-walking mode, the undulator movements are stable and there is no obvious disturbance to the electron beam with the feed-forward system in operation. Successful experiments have been carried out using the circularly polarized light obtained via the new walking mode. This mode is expected to be applied to future EPUs at SSRF with the increasing requirements for various polarization modes.

Background Many studies have shown that compared with those who use other dialysis modalities, patients using home hemodialysis (HHD) have an increased rate of survival and better quality of life. It was noted in 2006 that there was opportunity for significant expansion of the use of HHD in many countries. China covers a vast area and has a large amount of end-stage renal failure patients. But in mainland China, all dialysis treatments are in-center, and the number of HHD patients is zero. In 2018, our hospital received the permission of the Shanghai government to carry out HHD. Case presentation We initiated four incident hemodialysis patients on an HHD regimen, one patient has been dialyzed in the home safely for 8 months. The biochemical parameters of the first patient remained stable on the regimen and he achieved standard Kt/V urea targets. Treatment-related adverse events were not reported during the follow-up. We combined HHD with intelligent "Internet Plus" real-time remote monitoring and introduced the Internet, especially visualization software, to replace traditional telephone and home visit methods. It is more intuitive and quicker to assist patients in performing home hemodialysis and improve the safety of treatment. Conclusions HHD can be performed by selected trained patients in mainland China. Combined with the internet, visualization software, and traditional telephone and home visits, it is intuitive and quick to assist patients in carrying out HHD and improve the safety of treatment. HHD broadens the choices for uremia patients in China.

Background: There is a lot of controversy regarding the treatment of patients with stage III Kummell’s disease (KD). The purpose of this study is to determine feasibility, efficacy and safety of spinal canal decompression via “compressing the posterior wall of the vertebral body”, guided by real time intraoperative ultrasonography guidance for patients with stage III KD.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 11 patients with stage III KD associated with neurological deficits who underwent surgical treatment in The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, from September 2017 to January 2019. All patients underwent spinal canal decompression using a special L-shaped compressor (angular compressor) guided by real time ultrasonography to squeeze and compress the posterior wall of vertebral body, supplemented by internal fixation and posterior fusion. The primary goal was to determine feasibility, safety and efficacy. Therefore, operating time, Intraoperative blood loss, complications and JOA score, local Cobb angle, ODI score of pre- and post-operative were evaluated.Results: 11 patients (4 males and 7 females) with an average age of 70.2±3.2 years (63-76 years) were included in the study. Mean follow-up period was 17.4 months (12-24 months). Mean operating time was 151±18 min and mean intraoperative blood loss was 202±40ml. Before and after surgery, the local Cobb angle (34.3 °±5.4 °, 11.0 °±4.6 °, respectively), JOA score (12.8±2.1, 22.1±1.9, respectively) and ODI scores (71.4±6.4, 25.5±5.2, respectively) significantly improved (P Conclusion: Spinal canal decompression by tamping the retropulsed vertebral body anteriorly, guided by intraoperative ultrasonography can effectively relieve neural compression, significantly shorten operation time, reduce intraoperative blood loss, and have fewer complications for patients with stage III KD, compared with previously reported data. In our opinion, it therefore represents a low risk, minimally invasive, yet effective treatment strategy in this selected group of patients.Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.Unique Identifying number: ChiCTR2000040490.

The fifth generation networks (5G) can support a variety of vertical industries, such as autonomous driving, telemedicine and industrial automation. Network Slicing (NS) is a promising technology for 5G that can provide customized end-to-end network services for multi-tenants. To provide services to tenants according to different service requirements, we model delay and reliability of NS. We propose a method for service-customized deployment of network slicing (SCD-NS), which allocates resources according to different types of network slices. When deploying a network slice, we adopt a two-stage deployment method, in which first stage is virtual node deployment and second stage is virtual link deployment. Since the problem of network slices deployment is usually NP-Hard, we encode the virtual node deployment solution as a chromosome and use genetic algorithms to solve this problem. In the stage of virtual node deployment, we obtain the initial solutions through minimizing the average number of hops between nodes. In the stage of virtual link deployment, we provide adaptive deployment based on the types of network slices. The simulation results show that SCD-NS realizes better service customization and higher network utilization compared with current algorithm.

In this paper, a UAV-assisted wireless powered communication system for IoT network is studied. Specifically, the UAV performs as base station (BS) to collect the sensory information of the IoT devices as well as to broadcast energy signals to charge them. Considering the devices' limited data storage capacity and battery life, we propose a multi-objective optimization problem that aims to minimize the average data buffer length, maximize the residual battery level of the system and avoid data overflow and running out of battery of devices. Since the services requirements of IoT devices are dynamic and uncertain and the system can not be full observed by the UAV, it is challenging for UAV to achieve trajectory planning. In this regard, a deep Q network (DQN) is applied for UAV's flight control. Simulation results indicate that the DQN-based algorithm provides an efficient UAV's flight control policy for the proposed optimization problem.

Background The primary aim was to observe the predictive value of P-wave ECG index and left atrial appendage volume (LLAV) for atrial fibrillation recurrence after first radiofrequency catheter ablation. Methods A total of 196 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were enrolled. The preoperative LLAV was measured by cardiac enhanced CT. The P-wave ECG index including minimum P-wave duration (P-min), maximum P-wave duration (P-max), mean P-wave duration (mPWD), P-wave dispersion (PWD), P-wave terminal force in lead V1 (PtfV1), PR interval prolongation, and interatrial block (IAB) were analyzed and recorded in 12-lead ECG of sinus rhythm. Results According to the follow-up results, the patients were divided into two groups: the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group. P-min, PWD, P-max, PtfV1 ≥ 0.04 mV·s, PR interval prolongation, and the ratio of first and third-degree IAB in the recurrence group were higher than those in the non-recurrence group, with significant statistical differences (P Conclusion PWD, P-max, PtfV1, PR interval prolongation, first and third-degree IAB, and LLAV can effectively predict atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation. The combination might be a valid and alternative independent predictor of recurrence.

This study examines whether and how women directors influence firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. From two Chinese Stock Exchanges, we collected a sample of firms that had made charitable donations during the earthquakes in China in either 2008 or 2010. Our analysis showed that the percentage of women directors on the board had significant impact on firms’ donations during natural disasters, and such influence was stronger when firm performance was poor rather than good. Moreover, the presence of women directors tended to lead to a reduction in the size of donations among high-performing firms. Donations from firms with a higher percentage of women directors were more likely to be in the form of properties rather than cash. Our results indicated that gender diversity in the boardroom influences firms’ CSR activities. We suggest that public firms with more women directors on the board tend to be more conservative when engaging in CSR activities. Contributions to the literature and practical implications are also discussed.

Summary Indoor photovoltaic (IPV) with power output over 100 μW is promising to power the numerous sensor nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. All polymer photovoltaic has the advantages of excellent thermal stability and superior mechanical properties. In this work, we fabricate the first all-polymer indoor photovoltaic module with the active area of 10 cm2. The module uses polymer donor CD1 and new polymer acceptor PBN-21 with medium optical band gap of 1.9 eV as the active layer. It is processed with eco-friendly solvent tetrahydrofuran and the morphology can be improved by blade coating at 55°C. Under light emitting diode illumination at 1000 lux, the module exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 12.04% and a power output of 367.2 μW. The sufficient power output, high efficiency, excellent stability, and eco-friendly processing indicate that all-polymer indoor photovoltaic is a promising approach to achieve the self-powered of sensor nodes in the IoT ecosystem., Graphical abstract, Highlights • The first all-polymer IPV module with the active area of 10 cm2 was fabricated • The modules were processed with eco-friendly solvent and blade-coating methods • The modules exhibit the PCE of 12.04% and the power output of 367.2 μW at 1000 lux, Energy materials; Energy systems; Polymers

ObjectiveThe predictors of in-hospital mortality for intensive care units (ICUs)-admitted heart failure (HF) patients remain poorly characterised. We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for all-cause in-hospital mortality among ICU-admitted HF patients.DesignA retrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsData were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database. Data on 1177 heart failure patients were analysed.MethodsPatients meeting the inclusion criteria were identified from the MIMIC-III database and randomly divided into derivation (n=825, 70%) and a validation (n=352, 30%) group. Independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality were screened using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models in the derivation sample. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to build prediction models in derivation group, and then validated in validation cohort. Discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness of the predicting model were assessed using the C-index, calibration plot and decision curve analysis. After pairwise comparison, the best performing model was chosen to build a nomogram according to the regression coefficients.ResultsAmong the 1177 admissions, in-hospital mortality was 13.52%. In both groups, the XGBoost, LASSO regression and Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) risk score models showed acceptable discrimination. The XGBoost and LASSO regression models also showed good calibration. In pairwise comparison, the prediction effectiveness was higher with the XGBoost and LASSO regression models than with the GWTG-HF risk score model (pConclusionsOur nomogram enabled good prediction of in-hospital mortality in ICU-admitted HF patients, which may help clinical decision-making for such patients.

Organic semiconductors integrating excellent charge transport with efficient solid emission are very challenging to be attained in the construction of light-emitting transistors and even for realization of electrically pumped organic lasers. Herein, we introduce naphthyl units at 2,6-positions of anthracene to achieve 2,6-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (dNaAnt), which adopts J-aggregated mode in the solid state as a balanced strategy for excellent charge transporting and efficient solid state emission. Single crystal field-effect transistors show mobility up to 12.3 cm2·V–1·s–1 and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 29.2% was obtained for dNaAnt crystals. Furthermore, organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) based on dNaAnt single crystals distribute outstanding balanced ambipolar charge transporting property (μh = 1.10 cm2·V–1·s–1, μe = 0.87 cm2·V–1·s–1) and spatially controllable emission, which is one of the best performances for OLETs.

A Hall sensor array magnetic field measurement system consists of 16 HHP-MU [1] Hall sensors powered by a Keithley 6220 precision current source, which has been built and deployed at SSRF [2]. The voltages of the 16 sensors are sampled by 4 NI PCI-4462 and further converted to the magnetic field strength. The sensors mounted on a high-precision three-dimensional translating stage are used to scan the surface of a magnet block with the step-length of 1 mm. The surface field distributions of the magnet blocks within an in-vacuum undulator are obtainable using this system. Based on the data measured, the magnet blocks are sorted and installed on the undulator girders. The magnetic measurement results of this undulator indicate that this sorting strategy works well.

// Yanhui Shi 1 , Weiyu Zhai 2 , Bin Wang 3 , Dongmei Zhao 1 , He Jin 4 , Yuefei Wang 3 , Jidong Zhang 1 , Hongjun An 1 , Zhongze Fu 1 , Kun Zhao 3 , Changzhu Lu 3 1 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar City, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China 2 Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China 3 Department of Physiology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China 4 Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China Correspondence to: Changzhu Lu, email: changzhulu1998@163.com Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, human leukocyte antigen, non-synonymous polymorphism, genetic predisposition, Han Chinese Received: September 27, 2016 Accepted: October 28, 2016 Published: November 04, 2016 ABSTRACT Backgrounds and Objective: Mounting evidence suggests that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) plays a central role in anti-virus and tumor defense. To test whether genetic variation in HLA - DRB1 gene, a key component of HLA system, can predict its predisposition to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we thereby conducted an association study by genotyping 8 nonsynonymous polymorphisms in HLA - DRB1 gene among 257 HCC patients and 264 controls. Results: All polymorphisms respected the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotypes and alleles of rs17879599 differed significantly between patients and controls after Bonferroni correction (both P < 0.001), and the power to detect this significance was 94.4%. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking and hepatitis infection, the mutant allele of rs17879702 was significantly associated with an increased risk for HCC under additive (odds ratio [OR] = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-4.02, P = 0.004) and dominant (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.39–2.96, P = 0.004) models. Haplotype analysis indicated that haplotype A-T-C-T-G-C-T-A (alleles ordered by rs199514452, rs201540428, rs201614260, rs17879702, rs17880292, rs17879599, rs17424145 and rs35445101) was overrepresented in patients and enhanced predisposition to HCC (adjusted OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.24–5.78, P = 0.004). In cumulative analysis, carriers of 7–9 unfavorable alleles had a 2.41-fold (95% CI: 1.18–4.92, P = 0.016) increased risk for HCC after adjusting for confounding factors relative to those possessing 4 or less unfavorable alleles. Materials and Methods: Genotypes were determined by ligase detection reaction. HCC patients were newly diagnosed, histopathologically confirmed or previously untreated and controls were cancer-free. Conclusions: Our findings suggest an independent leading contribution of rs17879599 in the 2nd exon of HLA-DRB1 gene to HCC risk in Han Chinese.

Jidong Zhang, Yan Wang, Haijuan Hu, Xiaohong Yang, Zejun Tian, Demin Liu, Guoqiang Gu, Hongmei Zheng, Ruiqin Xie, Wei Cui Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China Background: Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) is used to treat angina and hypertension. The authors aimed to study the early intervention impact on arterial stiffness and pulse wave velocity (PWV) independent of its blood-pressure-(BP) lowering effect in mild hypertensive patients.Methods: This single-center, single-arm, open-label, prospective, Phase IV study recruited patients with mild hypertension and increased PWV from December 2013 to December 2014 (N=138; age, 18–75 years; systolic blood pressure, 140–160 mmHg; diastolic BP, 90–100 mmHg; increased brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity [baPWV, ≥12 m/s]). Nifedipine GITS (30 mg/d) was administered for 24 weeks to achieve target BP of 0.05). There were no other drug-related serious adverse events.Conclusion: Nifedipine GITS was considerably effective in reducing baPWV and BP, indicating improvement in arterial stiffness as early as 4 weeks. Keywords: nifedipine, gastrointestinal therapeutic system, calcium channel blockers, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity, hypertension

Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on organic semiconductor material 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2- b ] benzothiophene (C8BTBT) as the active layer were fabricated by using organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) and solution-processed methods, in which the C8BTBT thin-film morphology could be well controlled. In OMBD method, C8BTBT thin-film morphology could be controlled by the thickness of organic semiconductor layer and the deposition rate, of which the high-quality C8BTBT thin film was obtained at a thickness of about 20 nm and at a deposition rate of 1.2 nm/min, resulting in an obvious mobility improvement from 2.8 × 10 −3 cm 2 V −1 s −1 to 1.20 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . While in the solution-processing, C8BTBT thin-film morphology and thickness are related to the spin-coating speed and the substrate position in spin coater, i.e. , in-centre and off-centre position. The off-centre spin-coating with an optimized speed produced large-size domain C8BTBT thin film and accordingly resulted in a mobility of 1.47 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . Furthermore, an additive polystyrene (PS) was added into C8BTBT solution could further improve the thin-film morphology with more metal-stable phase as well as improve the interface contact with the substrate SiO 2 , resulting in the highest mobility up to 3.56 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . The research suggested that C8BTBT-based OFETs with the mobility over 1.20 cm 2 V −1 s −1 could be fabricated by using both OMBD and solution-processed methods through the thin-film morphology and structure optimization, which shows the potential applications in high-performance flexible and printed electronics.

In the design of high performance conjugated copolymers, π-spacer plays one of the most important roles in finely manipulating photovoltaic properties of the polymers. However, up to now, little attention has been paid to functionalize the π-spacer. In this work, a novel D–A conjugated copolymer PBTI3T-S, with 3-(decylthio)thiophene as the π-spacer, is designed and synthesized. The introduction of a modified π-spacer has little influence on the absorption spectrum and band gap of the polymer. However, it is found that the modified π-spacer could create a noncovalent attractive interaction between neighboring moieties, resulting in good planarity and decreased π–π stacking distance in comparison to its analogue PBTI3T with decyl substitution on the π-spacers. More interestingly, the face-on population of crystallite orientation is significantly enhanced. Thus, the hole mobility of the PBTI3T-S/PC71BM blend is 1.29 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is one order of magnitude higher than that of the PBTI3T/PC71BM blend (1.15 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1). The PBTI3T-S device provides a higher PCE of 7.14%, while the optimized PBTI3T device provides 6.51%. Impressively, the PCEs of the PBTI3T-S device can remain above 7% without substantial loss as the active layer thickness increases up to ∼270 nm, while the PCE reduces to 5.70% for the PBTI3T. These results demonstrate that the introduction of an alkylthio chain modified π-spacer would be an effective way to further improve the device performance and provide a guideline for molecular engineering towards the application of the roll to roll printing technique.

The paper aims to explore the association between CEO-board social ties and accounting conservatism. We found there is a negative relationship between CEO-board social ties and accounting conservatism. It implies that more CEO-board social ties reduce board’s monitoring function and encourage CEO’s tendency to adopt less conservative principles for their own personal gains. We also found the mediating effect of the quality of internal control system between CEO-board ties and accounting conservatism. This piece of finding further implies that the internal control system decided by the board could be the means via which CEO realizes less conservative principles. Contributions, limitations, and implications to corporate governance as well as security exchange commission are also discussed.

Inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) have been fabricated using MoO3 doped N,N'-bis-(1-naphthyl)-diphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (NPB:MoO3), MoO3 doped 4,4′-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP:MoO3), and combined CBP:MoO3/NPB:MoO3 as anode modifying layers (AMLs), respectively. The CBP:MoO3/NPB:MoO3/anode increases fill factor of device than the NPB:MoO3/anode and CBP:MoO3/anode, mostly because the former enhances hole injection into photoactive layer than the latter two. The CBP:MoO3/NPB:MoO3/anode and CBP:MoO3/anode increase open-circuit voltage of device than the NPB:MoO3/anode, due to the larger work function of CBP:MoO3 than that of NPB:MoO3. It is also found that combined CBP:MoO3/NPB:MoO3 enhances short-circuit current density of device than single NPB:MoO3 and CBP:MoO3, mainly ascribed to the fact that the former improves absorptance of device than the latter two. As a result, the CBP:MoO3/NPB:MoO3/anode improves power conversion efficiency of device than the NPB:MoO3/anode and CBP:MoO3/anode. We present a useful concept to develop high-performance AMLs for inverted OSCs.

MoO3 p-doped 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP:MoO3) has been used as a hole extraction layer in inverted organic solar cells (OSCs). It is found that although the CBP:MoO3 shows reduced conductivity than the conventional hole extraction layer of MoO3, the CBP:MoO3 yields nearly the same quasi-Fermi level for holes in a photoactive layer as the MoO3 does. As a result, the open-circuit voltages of inverted OSCs based on CBP:MoO3 and MoO3 remain almost unchanged. When the thickness of hole extraction layer is ≤ 20 nm, the CBP:MoO3 can enable nearly the same short-circuit current density of inverted device but improved fill factor, in comparison to the MoO3, leading to the power conversion efficiency based on CBP:MoO3 higher than that based on MoO3. The results show that the CBP:MoO3 can act as an useful hole extraction material for fabricating high-efficiency inverted OSCs.

Background: Initial observational studies and a systematic review published recently have suggested that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use has the trend to be associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), while results remain conflicting. Thus, we performed an updated meta-analysis to reevaluate the evidence on this association. Methods: Data sources from PUBMED, Embase and Cochrane Library from inception through April 2017 were searched by two independent reviewers. Eligible cohort studies were selected according to predefined keywords. We did a meta-analysis of available study data using a random-effects model to calculate overall relative risks (RRs) for associations between NSAID exposure and AD risk. Results: From 121 potentially relevant studies, 16 cohort studies including 236,022 participants, published between 1995 and 2016, were included in this systematic review. Meta-analysis demonstrated that current or former NSAID use was significantly associated with reduced risk of AD (RR, 0.81, 95% CI0.70 to 0.94) compared with those who did not use NSAIDs. This association existed in studies including all NSAID types, but not in aspirin (RR, 0.89, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.13), acetaminophen (RR, 0.87, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.91) or non-aspirin NSAID (RR, 0.84, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.23). Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that NSAID exposure might be significantly associated with reduced risk of AD. However, further large-scale prospective studies are needed to reevaluate this association, especially the associations in individual NSAID type.

This study examined Chinese public companies’ reactions to regulations imposed by the Enterprise Internal Control Standard (the Chinese version of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act). We found some Chinese public companies used separate CPA firms to audit their internal control over financial reporting and financial statements – a practice that has not been addressed in prior studies on SOX adoption. In this paper, we examine the antecedents and consequences of separate auditing. First, because audit quality is an important aim of the Enterprise Internal Control Standard, we tested the influence of separate auditing on audit quality. Moreover, we theorized and hypothesized that a company's decision to employ separate auditing was influenced by the presence and proportion of directors on the board who performed multiple functions, thus affecting their concerns about the company's internal and external relations. An empirical analysis of 113 public Chinese companies that voluntarily disclosed and audited their internal control reports confirmed our hypotheses. Contribution to the literature, practical implications, and limitations are also discussed.

Motor current signal analysis (MCSA) provides an alternative nonintrusive approach to detect mechanical faults by using the fault signature transmitted along the torsional direction through the rotor. In existing fault detection methods based on MCSA, the gearbox health condition is monitored through the amplitude of the fault-related sidebands in the lower frequency range of the motor current spectra. However, their practical implementation is challenged by the harmonics resulting from the structural properties of the electrical machines and the inherent system imperfections. This effect is even more severe in case of a drivetrain containing planetary gearboxes due to its more complex assembly. In this paper, the resonance residual technique, which investigates the spectrum region around the resonance frequency where rich fault information may occur, is applied for the first time to MCSA to detect planetary gearbox faults. This proposed approach is verified through both simulation and experiments. A lumped parameter model for an electromechanical drive train with an annulus gear tooth crack is simulated to investigate its effect on the stator current. For experimental verification, a similar 4-kW motor-planetary gearbox–generator test rig is used. The robustness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulations of a nonlinear finite-element model and experiments under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed method to extract fault information over the existing methods is also shown.

A series of weak donor-strong acceptor polymers containing two different electron-deficient units (diketopyrrolopyrrole and thienoisoindigo) are synthesized and used in broad-response and high-detectivity polymer photodetectors. By adjusting the composition ratio of the two acceptors, the absorption spectra, energy levels, molecular stacking, and film morphology are affected, which in turn influence the photodetector performance. With increased thienoisoindigo component, the HOMO energy levels shift from -5.41 to -4.76 eV, and the LUMO energy levels are nearly unchanged, corresponding to reduced bandgaps and red-shifted absorption spectra. 1,8-Diiodooctane additive shows greatly impact on the film morphology, which affects the photodetector performance significantly. Going from P1 to P5, the detectivity decreases, but the response range increases. The photodetector based on P4 exhibits detectivity of greater than 10(11) Jones in a broad spectral region of 300-1200 nm, which is really promising for UV-vis-NIR light detection.

Objective Nicorandil, an opener of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, was used to treat angina in patients with coronary artery disease. In this study, we aim to investigate the cardioprotective effects of single oral dose of nicorandil in patients undergoing selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods One hundred and thirty-eight patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI from July 2011 to October 2012 were randomly divided into control group (group 1, n = 47), 10 mg oral nicorandil group (group 2, n = 45), and 20 mg oral nicorandil group (group 3, n = 46) about 2 hours before procedure, respectively. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels were determined at 20 ~ 24 hours after PCI. Results There was a significant difference in the rate of any cTnI elevation among the three groups (group 1: 36.17%, group 2: 20.00%, group 3: 15.22%, p = 0.0176). With respect to the frequency of cTnI elevation ≥ 3 and 5 × the upper limit of normal (ULN), there also had statistical difference among the three groups (17.02% in group 1, 8.89% in group 2, and 4.35% in group 3, respectively for cTnI elevation ≥ 3 × ULN, p = 0.0428; 12.77% in group 1, 6.67% in group 2, and 2.17% in group 3, respectively, for cTnI elevation ≥ 5 × ULN, p = 0.0487). Logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF (OR = 0.915, 95% CI = 0.853-0.981) and the use of nicorandil (OR = 0.516, 95% CI = 0.267-0.996) before PCI were independent protective factors of myocardial injury. Conclusion Single oral dose of nicorandil (10 mg, 20 mg) 2 hours before the PCI procedure could decrease the incidence of peri-procedure myocardial injury and PCI-related myocardial infarction.

The objective of this study was to study the functional changes of the left atrium after radiofrequency ablation treatment for atrial fibrillation and the therapeutic effect of atorvastatin. Fifty-eight patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation were randomly divided into non-atorvastatin group and atorvastatin group. Patients in the atorvastatin group were treated with atorvastatin 20 mg p.o. per night in addition to the conventional treatment of atrial fibrillation; patients in the non-atorvastatin group received conventional treatment of atrial fibrillation only. Echocardiography was performed before radiofrequency ablation operation and 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after operation. Two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking imaging system was used to measure the structural indexes of the left atrium. Results indicated that there was no significant change for indexes representing the structural status of the left atrium within a month after radiofrequency ablation (P > 0.05); however, there were significant changes for indexes representing the functional status of the left atrium. There were also significant changes in indexes reflecting left atrial strain status: the S and SRs of atorvastatin group were higher than those of non-atorvastatin group (P < 0.05). In summary, atorvastatin could improve left atrial function and shorten the duration of atrial stunning after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation.

In this paper, we propose a fast method to reconstruct a plausible 3D face by deforming a standard face model, constraint to 78 landmarks acquired by Intel realsense camera. First, we calculate the front view coordinates of the 78 landmarks by the Eulerian angle information acquired and scale the front view coordinates to fit the standard model. Second, we calculate a transformation matrix which calculate the displacement of all the points in the face through the displacement of the landmarks. Finally, based on the results of the second, we adjust all the points of the model to best fit the real face. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method, as well as the robust adaptation to face pose and efficiency of the algorithm.

Background The identification of new risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasingly sought in an effort to tackle this threatening disease. β2-microglobulin (B2M) is reported to associate with peripheral arterial disease and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the association between B2M and cardiovascular disease remains under-researched. This study evaluated the effects of B2M on CAD without renal dysfunction. Methods One thousand seven hundred sixty-two subjects (403 non-CAD subjects and 1,359 CAD subjects) were investigated. Fasting samples were collected to determine B2M level. The Gensini and SYNTAX scores were used to assess the severity of CAD. Results CAD subjects were significantly higher in serum B2M level comparing with non-CAD subjects (1.25 ± 0.46 vs 1.14 ± 0.28 mg/L, p

It has been suggested that soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) is a causative circulating factor for and a biomarker of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Here we undertook validation of these assumptions in both mouse and human models. Injection of recombinant suPAR in wild-type mice did not induce proteinuria within 24 hours. Moreover, a disease phenotype was not seen in an inducible transgenic mouse model that maintained elevated suPAR concentrations for 6 weeks. Plasma and urine suPAR concentrations were evaluated as clinical biomarkers in 241 patients with glomerular disease from the prospective, longitudinal multi-center observational NEPTUNE cohort. The serum suPAR concentration at baseline inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the urine suPAR/creatinine ratio positively correlated with the urine protein/creatinine ratio. After adjusting for eGFR and urine protein, neither the serum nor urine suPAR level was an independent predictor of FSGS histopathology. A multivariable mixed-effects model of longitudinal data evaluated the association between the change in serum suPAR concentration from baseline with eGFR. After adjusting for baseline suPAR concentration, age, gender, proteinuria and time, the change in suPAR from baseline was associated with eGFR, but this association was not different for patients with FSGS as compared to other diagnoses. Thus, these results do not support a pathological role for suPAR in FSGS.

Background and Aim This study sought to investigate the effects of hypothermia induced by adenosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-AMP) on L-arginine (L-Arg)-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Methods The rats were divided into four groups: the control group, the acute pancreatitis group, the 5′-AMP pretreatment group, and the 5′-AMP posttreatment group. Rats in all groups, except for the control group, received two injections of 2.5 g/kg body weight (intraperitoneally) L-Arg, with an interval of 1 h between the injections. Subsequently, the rats were observed to assess whether hypothermia induced by 5′-AMP could effectively inhibit inflammation associated with L-Arg-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Results Hypothermia induced by 5′-AMP produced protective effects in our acute pancreatitis model. These effects exhibited the following manifestations: (i) a significant reduction in rat mortality rates; (ii) a significant decrease in the occurrence of pancreatic edema; (iii) significant reductions in serum amylase (P

The widespread trend among firms in the tourism and hospitality industry to adopt an asset-light strategy has enabled the U.S. tourism industry to grow rapidly by shaving off fixed assets. Our paper explores why an asset-light strategy is necessary from the perspective of cost management. Because cost is very “sticky,” meaning it does not change proportionally with changes in revenue, and change in cost is usually lagged, higher cost stickiness leads to lower financial performance. We found that cost stickiness does exist in the tourism and hospitality industry, and an excess of assets is its main determinant. Moreover, we found that management adjusts the amount of assets to reduce the effects of cost stickiness, and these adjustments are much more significant in revenue-declining years. Contributions, limitations, and practical implications are also discussed.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is widely used to treat stenotic coronary arteries caused by coronary heart disease. Coronary artery perforation is a rare but dreaded complication of PCI. Here, we report the successful treatment of a patient with coronary perforation of the right ventricular cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of its kind. The patient was a 69-year-old woman with intermittent chest tightness and chest pain of about five years' duration who was hospitalised for severe chest tightness and pain persisting for three days. She had a history of hypertension and hyperlipidaemia; routine admission examination showed no other abnormalities. Results of routine blood, urine and stool tests, liver and kidney function, clotting time, electrocardiogram, chest radiography and echocardiography were normal. Although coil embolisation rather than balloon is safe and effective for treating coronary artery perforation, it may be not the best choice overall. If the perforation breaks through into the right ventricle, we may just monitor closely rather than treat. That course may be beneficial for patients in that it reduces the risk of myocardial cell necrosis. This case provides useful information for the treatment of such patients in the future.

The P3HT thin films were made by novel solvent vapor assisted spin-coating method that adds several opened bottles of solvent into spin-coater and seals it with a lid. Such thin films directly had broader absorption and higher crystallinity. The corresponding thin film transistor had higher mobility of 0.041 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) contrasting to 0.007 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) of device based on P3HT thin film made by normal spin-coating. Compared with the solvent vapor annealed P3HT thin film made by normal spin-coating, the thin film made by solvent vapor assisted spin-coating has similar absorption spectrum, X-ray diffraction and device performance, which demonstrates that such novel method is equivalent to the combination of normal spin-coating and solvent vapor annealing. However the fabrication is more simple and the process time is reduced from several hours to several tens of seconds, which is more beneficial for actual mass production. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The ternary blend films have been fabricated via adding 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP, a hole transport material widely used in organic light emitting diodes) into the poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT: PCBM). Despite the wide bandgap (3.1 eV) of the CBP, the solar cell utilizing the optimized P3HT:PCBM:CBP blend film showed an increase of 16% in power conversion efficiency and 25% in short-circuit current than the compared standard P3HT:PCBM blend film. This is attributed to the fact that the addition of the CBP could enhance the aggregation of the P3HT chains and thereby reduce the hole-electron recombination at the interface of P3HT and PCBM. We provide a simple, effective way to improve the performance of P3HT based bulk heterojunction solar cells.

Recent evidence showed that microRNA-7 (miR-7) played an important role in the pathologies of lung-related diseases. However, the potential role of miR-7 in acute lung injury (ALI) still remains poorly understood. Here, we assessed the effect of miR-7 deficiency on the pathology of ALI. We, first, found that the expression of miR-7 was upregulated in lung tissue in murine LPS-induced ALI model. Notably, we generated miR-7 knock down mice by using miRNA-Sponge technique and found that miR-7 deficiency could ameliorate the pathologies of lung as evidenced by accelerated body weight recovery, reduced level of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) proinflammatory cytokines and decreased number of BAL cells in ALI mice. Moreover, the proportion and number of various immune cells in BAL, including innate immune cell F4/80+ macrophages, γδT cells, NK1.1+ T cells, and CD11c+DCs, as well as adaptive immune cell CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, also significantly changed, respectively. Mechanistic evidence showed that KLF4, a target molecule of miR-7, was upregulated in lung tissues in ALI model, accompanied by altered transduction of NF-κB, AKT, and ERK pathway. These data provided a previously unknown role of miR-7 in pathology of ALI, which could ultimately aid the understanding of development of ALI and the development of new therapeutic strategies against clinical inflammatory lung diseases.