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Summary In the past few years there have been major changes in the treatment landscape in oncology; lung cancer is affected by those changes like almost no other solid tumor. The rise of further second- and third-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors offers sequential therapy for patients with mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. Immunotherapy has found its way into clinical routine and presents us with new challenges in managing side effects, evaluating treatment response and deciding on how long we treat our patients. The treatment algorithm of lung cancer has changed in the last month and further practice-changing trials are coming up, so treating lung cancer patients shows nowadays a more challenging perspective with the possibility of subsequently applied individual therapies. This article provides a brief overview of the highlights presented at the ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) annual meeting this year in Chicago.