Author: "Jaffer, A." / Topic: business - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

2,104 results on '"Jaffer, A."'

1. THE CFO AS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGER: The CFO and finance team are well positioned to mitigate the prolonged supply chain disruptions that have challenged cash flow and profitability

Author: Canace, Thomas G., Jaffer, Ayaz, and Juras, Paul E.
Subjects: Banking, finance and accounting industries, Business, general, Business
Abstract: Following the turbulent years of supply chain disruptions and product shortages during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, CFOs and companies alike have wondered when the most damaging effects will [...]
Published: 2023

2. THE CFO AS ASSET MANAGER: Management accountants have the opportunity to use data analytics to align asset management with their company's strategic direction

Author: Canace, Thomas G., Jaffer, Ayaz, and Juras, Paul
Subjects: Decision making -- Usage -- Forecasts and trends -- Technology application, Chief financial officers -- Usage -- Forecasts and trends -- Technology application, Accounting departments, Technology, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis, Technology application, Banking, finance and accounting industries, Business, general, Business
Abstract: A transformed digital future is emerging as a certainty in many industries. In order to remain competitive, companies will need to prioritize innovation and strategic investment, and the CFO team [...]
Published: 2019

3. The Canadian Women’s Heart Health Alliance Atlas on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Women — Chapter 5: Sex- and Gender-Unique Manifestations of Cardiovascular Disease

Author: Shahin Jaffer, Jodi D. Edwards, Kerri-Anne Mullen, Jasmine Grewal, Colleen M. Norris, Tara Sedlak, Sharon L. Mulvagh, Marie-Annick Clavel, Thais Coutinho, Abida Dhukai, Monica Parry, Harriette G.C. Van Spall, and Christine Pacheco
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, valvular heart disease, Disease, Chest pain, medicine.disease, Angina, Coronary artery disease, Heart failure, medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Abstract: This Atlas chapter summarizes sex- and some gender-associated, and unique aspects and manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women. CVD is the primary cause of premature death in women in Canada and numerous sex-specific differences related to symptoms and pathophysiology exist. A review of the literature was done to identify sex-specific differences in symptoms, pathophysiology, and unique manifestations of CVD in women. Although women with ischemic heart disease might present with chest pain, the description of symptoms, delay between symptom onset and seeking medical attention, and prodromal symptoms are often different in women, compared with men. Nonatherosclerotic causes of angina and myocardial infarction, such as spontaneous coronary artery dissection are predominantly identified in women. Obstructive and nonobstructive coronary artery disease, aortic aneurysmal disease, and peripheral artery disease have worse outcomes in women compared with men. Sex differences exist in valvular heart disease and cardiomyopathies. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is more often diagnosed in women, who experience better survival after a heart failure diagnosis. Stroke might occur across the lifespan in women, who are at higher risk of stroke-related disability and age-specific mortality. Sex- and gender-unique differences exist in symptoms and pathophysiology of CVD in women. These differences must be considered when evaluating CVD manifestations, because they affect management and prognosis of cardiovascular conditions in women.Dans le présent chapitre d’Atlas sont récapitulés les aspects et les manifestations uniques, associés au sexe et certains associés au genre, des maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) chez les femmes. Les MCV sont la cause principale de décès prématurés chez les femmes au Canada. De nombreuses différences quant aux symptômes et à la physiopathologie existent entre les sexes. Nous avons réalisé une revue de la littérature pour déterminer les différences entre les sexes dans les symptômes et la physiopathologie, et les manifestations uniques des MCV chez les femmes. Bien que les femmes atteintes d’une cardiopathie ischémique puissent éprouver des douleurs thoraciques, la description des symptômes, le délai entre l’apparition des symptômes et l’obtention de soins médicaux, et les symptômes prodromiques sont souvent différents de ceux des hommes. Les causes de l’angine et de l’infarctus du myocarde non liées à l’athérosclérose telles que la dissection spontanée de l’artère coronaire sont principalement observées chez les femmes. La coronaropathie obstructive et non obstructive, l’anévrisme aortique et la maladie artérielle périphérique montrent de plus mauvaises issues chez les femmes que chez les hommes. Des différences entre les sexes sont observées dans la cardiopathie valvulaire et les cardiomyopathies. Le diagnostic d’insuffisance cardiaque avec fraction d’éjection préservée est plus souvent posé chez les femmes qui présentent un meilleur taux de survie après un diagnostic d’insuffisance cardiaque. L’accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) pourrait survenir tout au long de la vie des femmes, qui sont exposées à un risque plus élevé d’incapacités liées à l’AVC et de mortalité par âge. Il existe des différences uniques entre les sexes et les genres pour ce qui est des symptômes et de la physiopathologie des MCV chez les femmes. Lors de l’évaluation des manifestations des MCV, il faut tenir compte de ces différences puisqu’elles influencent la prise en charge et le pronostic des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les femmes.
Published: 2022
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4. A Computed Tomography Protocol to Evaluate Coronary Artery Disease Before Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Author: Matthew Sibbald, Jorge Chavarría, James L. Velianou, Amanda M. Smith, Madhu K. Natarajan, Tej Sheth, and Iqbal H. Jaffer
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Transcatheter aortic, Computed Tomography Angiography, medicine.medical_treatment, Computed tomography, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Angiography, Revascularization, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, Coronary artery disease, Valve replacement, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, cardiovascular diseases, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, Aortic Valve Stenosis, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Aortic Valve, Preoperative Period, Angiography, Female, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, psychological phenomena and processes, Follow-Up Studies, Artery
Abstract: Background Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) computed tomography (CTA) images can be used to evaluate coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of consecutive TAVR patients from November 2019 to February 2021 to evaluate TAVR CTA assessment of CAD on the rate of pre-TAVR invasive angiography. Patients had CTA first or invasive angiography first at the discretion of their treating physician. TAVR CTA scans were categorized as normal/mild CAD, single vessel disease, high risk (multi-vessel or left main disease), or non-diagnostic in patients without prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and as low risk or high risk in patients with prior CABG. Invasive angiography was recommended pre-TAVR for high risk or non-diagnostic CTA findings. Results TAVR was performed on 354 patients and CTA first was performed in 273 patients and invasive angiography first in 81 patients. Among 231 patients without prior CABG who had CTA first, 22.1% (51/231) had pre-TAVR invasive angiography and 1.3% (3/231) had pre-TAVR revascularization. Normal/mild CAD or single vessel disease was found on CTA in 174 patients of whom, 0.5% (1/174) had high risk disease on invasive angiography. Among 42 patients with prior CABG who had CTA first, 14.3% (6/42) had pre-TAVR invasive angiography and 2.4% (1/42) had pre-TAVR revascularization. Conclusion TAVR CTA CAD evaluation can avoid pre-TAVR invasive angiography in over 70 % of patients while rarely missing high-risk findings. A CTA first strategy to assess CAD should be considered, especially among patients where conservative management of CAD is preferred.
Published: 2022
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5. Impact of adherence to the hybrid algorithm for initial crossing strategy selection in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention

Author: Santiago Garcia, Habib Samady, Iosif Xenogiannis, Oleg Krestyaninov, M. Nicholas Burke, Ilias Nikolakopoulos, Barry F. Uretsky, Farouc A. Jaffer, Subhash Banerjee, Brian K. Jefferson, Raj H. Chandwaney, Phil Dattilo, Michael P. Love, Evangelia Vemmou, Khaldoon Alaswad, Abdul M. Sheikh, Ehtisham Mahmud, Abou Jaoudeh Fadi, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Hector Tamez, Mohamed Omer, Dmitrii Khelimskii, Alpesh Shah, Catalin Toma, Basem Elbaruny, Anthony Doing, Mitul Patel, Bavana V. Rangan, Michael Megaly, Wissam Jaber, Assaad Maalouf, Ioannis Tsiafoutis, Taral Patel, Robert W. Yeh, Michalis Koutouzis, James W. Choi, Nidal Abi Rafeh, Shuaib M Abdullah, and Jaikirshan Khatri
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Percutaneous, medicine.medical_treatment, Psychological intervention, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary Angiography, Total occlusion, 03 medical and health sciences, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 0302 clinical medicine, Strategy selection, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Registries, Selection (genetic algorithm), business.industry, Percutaneous coronary intervention, General Medicine, Hybrid algorithm, Treatment Outcome, Coronary Occlusion, Chronic Disease, Conventional PCI, Cardiology, business, Algorithms
Abstract: The hybrid algorithm was designed to assist with initial and subsequent crossing strategy selection in chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). However, the success of the initially selected strategy has received limited study.We examined the impact of adherence to the hybrid algorithm recommendation for initial CTO crossing technique selection in 4178 CTO PCIs from a large multicenter registry.The initial crossing strategy was concordant with the hybrid algorithm recommendation in 1833 interventions (44%). Patients in the concordant group had a similar age to those in the discordant group but a lower mean J-CTO score (2.0 ± 1.4 vs 2.8 ± 1.1; P .01). The concordant group showed higher technical success with the first crossing strategy (68% vs 48%; P .01) and higher overall technical success (88% vs 83%; P .01) with no difference in the incidence of in-hospital major adverse events (1.8% vs 2.3%; P = .26). In multivariable analysis, after adjustment for age, prior myocardial infarction, prior PCI, prior coronary artery bypass grafting, J-CTO score, and scheduled CTO PCI, nonadherence to the hybrid algorithm was independently associated with lower technical success of the initial crossing strategy (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.64; P .01).Adherence to the hybrid algorithm for initial crossing strategy selection is associated with higher CTO PCI success but similar in-hospital major adverse cardiac events.
Published: 2021
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6. Impacto de la adherencia a un algoritmo híbrido para la selección de la estrategia inicial de cruce en la intervención coronaria percutánea de oclusiones crónicas

Author: Habib Samady, Mohamed Omer, Michael Megaly, Oleg Krestyaninov, Taral Patel, Assaad Maalouf, Dmitrii Khelimskii, Ehtisham Mahmud, Robert W. Yeh, M. Nicholas Burke, Nidal Abi Rafeh, Shuaib M Abdullah, Hector Tamez, Jaikirshan Khatri, Subhash Banerjee, Bavana V. Rangan, Ioannis Tsiafoutis, Mitul Patel, Raj H. Chandwaney, Brian K. Jefferson, Michael P. Love, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Evangelia Vemmou, Catalin Toma, Phil Dattilo, Alpesh Shah, Anthony Doing, Abou Jaoudeh Fadi, James W. Choi, Michalis Koutouzis, Farouc A. Jaffer, Abdul M. Sheikh, Santiago Garcia, Basem Elbarouni, Ilias Nikolakopoulos, Khaldoon Alaswad, Iosif Xenogiannis, Wissam Jaber, and Barry F. Uretsky
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, Retrograde approach, Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Humanities
Abstract: Resumen Introduccion y objetivos El algoritmo hibrido se diseno para ayudar en la seleccion de las estrategias de cruce inicial y siguientes en la intervencion coronaria percutanea (ICP) para la oclusion cronica total (OTC); sin embargo, el exito de la estrategia de inicio seleccionada se ha estudiado poco hasta ahora. Metodos Se estudio el impacto de la adherencia a la recomendacion del algoritmo hibrido para la seleccion de la tecnica de cruce inicial en 4.178 ICP de OTC en un registro multicentrico de gran tamano. Resultados La estrategia de cruce inicial coincidio con la recomendacion del algoritmo hibrido en 1.833 casos (44%). Los pacientes en el grupo concordante tuvieron una edad similar, pero un indice J-OTC menor (2,0 ± 1,4 frente a 2,8 ± 1,1; p Conclusiones La adherencia al algoritmo hibrido para la seleccion de la estrategia inicial de cruce se asocio con mayor exito de la ICP para la OTC y similar tasa de eventos cardiovasculares hospitalarios graves.
Published: 2021
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7. Dexamethasone modulates immature neutrophils and interferon programming in severe COVID-19

Author: Antoine Dufour, Raquel Farias, Leslie Cao, Mark R. Gillrie, Braedon McDonald, Bryan G. Yipp, Nicole L. Rosin, Angela P. Nguyen, Arzina Jaffer, Elodie Labit, Sarthak Sinha, Amy Bromley, Luiz Gustavo de Almeida, Jeff Biernaskie, Marvin J. Fritzler, and Rohit Arora
Subjects: Male, Proteomics, ARDS, Neutrophils, Cell Communication, Severity of Illness Index, Dexamethasone, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Interferon, Gene Regulatory Networks, RNA-Seq, Innate immunity, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Cytokines, Female, Immunotherapy, Single-Cell Analysis, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Down-Regulation, Prostaglandin, Article, In Brief, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Sex Factors, Target identification, Internal medicine, Pneumonia, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, Glucocorticoids, Gene, Aged, Innate immune system, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, RNA, medicine.disease, Immunity, Innate, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Endocrinology, chemistry, Viral infection, Immunology, Prostaglandins, Interferons, business, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: Although critical for host defense, innate immune cells are also pathologic drivers of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Innate immune dynamics during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) ARDS, compared to ARDS from other respiratory pathogens, is unclear. Moreover, mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of dexamethasone during severe COVID-19 remain elusive. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and plasma proteomics, we discovered that, compared to bacterial ARDS, COVID-19 was associated with expansion of distinct neutrophil states characterized by interferon (IFN) and prostaglandin signaling. Dexamethasone during severe COVID-19 affected circulating neutrophils, altered IFNactive neutrophils, downregulated interferon-stimulated genes and activated IL-1R2+ neutrophils. Dexamethasone also expanded immunosuppressive immature neutrophils and remodeled cellular interactions by changing neutrophils from information receivers into information providers. Male patients had higher proportions of IFNactive neutrophils and preferential steroid-induced immature neutrophil expansion, potentially affecting outcomes. Our single-cell atlas (see ‘Data availability’ section) defines COVID-19-enriched neutrophil states and molecular mechanisms of dexamethasone action to develop targeted immunotherapies for severe COVID-19., New results shed light on the molecular mechanisms of dexamethasone action, underlying its therapeutic benefit in patients with severe COVID-19.
Published: 2021
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8. Ultrafiltration and cardiopulmonary bypass associated acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author: Mohamed Abdalla Mohamed Elashhat, Edward Darling, Jeffrey B Riley, Bruce Searles, Karam R Motawea, Omneya A. Kandil, Hani Aiash, and Jaffer Shah
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Investigations, Subgroup analysis, law.invention, law, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Cardiopulmonary bypass, medicine, Humans, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Acute kidney injury, General Medicine, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Cardiac surgery, acute kidney injury, fluid management, Relative risk, ultrafiltration, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, cardiac surgery
Abstract: Background Cardiopulmonary bypass is known to raise the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Previous studies have identified numerous risk factors of cardiopulmonary bypass including the possible impact of perioperative ultrafiltration. However, the association between ultrafiltration (UF) and AKI remains conflicting. Thus, we conducted a meta‐analysis to further examine the relationship between UF and AKI. Hypothesis Ultrafiltration during cardiac surgery increases the risk of developping Acute kidney Injury. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and SCOPUS through July 2021. The RevMan (version 5.4) software was used to calculate the pooled risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences along with their associated confidence intervals (95% CI). Results We identified 12 studies with a total of 8005 patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of AKI between the group who underwent UF and the control group who did not (RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.64−1). Subgroup analysis on patients with previous renal insufficiency also yielded nonsignificant difference (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.53 −1.33, p = .47). Subgroup analysis based on volume of ultrafiltrate removed (> or
Published: 2021

9. Challenges and opportunities in sustainable management of microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment

Author: Raj Mukhopadhyay, Sammani Ramanayaka, Jörg Rinklebe, Niamul Haque, Binoy Sarkar, Jaffer Yousuf Dar, Manish Kumar, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Pavani Dulanja Dissanayake, Daniel C.W. Tsang, Nanthi Bolan, Yong Sik Ok, Sarkar, Binoy, Dissanayake, Pavani Dulanja, Bolan, Nanthi S, Dar, Jaffer Yousuf, Kumar, Manish, Haque, Md Niamul, Mukhopadhyay, Raj, Ramanayaka, Sammani, Biswas, Jayanta Kumar, Tsang, Daniel CW, Rinklebe, Jörg, and Ok, Yong Sik
Subjects: Sustainable development, Microplastics, Circular economy, circular economy, sustainable waste management, Biochemistry, plastic pollution, Sustainable management, Source reduction, Sustainability, Humans, micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), Plastic waste, Business, Environmental Pollution, Plastic pollution, Plastics, Environmental planning, Ecosystem, Water Pollutants, Chemical, General Environmental Science, ecotoxicological effects
Abstract: usc The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems has raised concerns because of their adverse effects on ecosystem functions and human health. Plastic waste management has become a universal problem in recent years. Hence, sustainable plastic waste management techniques are vital for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Although many reviews have focused on the occurrence and impact of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), there has been limited focus on the management of MNPs. This review first summarizes the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic waste sources and issues related to the sustainable management of MNPs in the environment. This paper then critically evaluates possible approaches for incorporating plastics into the circular economy in order to cope with the problem of plastics. Pollution associated with MNPs can be tackled through source reduction, incorporation of plastics into the circular economy, and suitable waste management. Appropriate infrastructure development, waste valorization, and economically sound plastic waste management techniques and viable alternatives are essential for reducing MNPs in the environment. Policymakers must pay more attention to this critical issue and implement appropriate environmental regulations to achieve environmental sustainability. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
Published: 2022

10. Acute Kidney Injury in the Modern Era of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Author: Michael Scordo, Edgar A. Jaimes, Matthew Abramson, Insara Jaffer Sathick, Junting Zheng, Molly Maloy, Josel D. Ruiz, and Victoria Gutgarts
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Renal function, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, urologic and male genital diseases, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Lower risk, Young Adult, Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Acute tubular necrosis, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Transplantation, business.industry, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Acute kidney injury, Original Articles, Acute Kidney Injury, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Tacrolimus, Calcineurin, Nephrology, Female, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: Background and objectives AKI is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, increasing risk of nonrelapse mortality. AKI etiology is often ambiguous due to heterogeneity of conditioning/graft versus host disease regimens. To date, graft versus host disease and calcineurin inhibitor effects on AKI are not well defined. We aimed to describe AKI and assess pre–/post–hematopoietic transplant risk factors in a large recent cohort. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We performed a single-center, retrospective study of 616 allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients from 2014 to 2017. We defined AKI and CKD based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria and estimated GFR using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. We assessed AKI pre–/post–hematopoietic transplant risk factors using cause-specific Cox regression and association of AKI with CKD outcomes using chi-squared test. AKI was treated as a time-dependent variable in relation to nonrelapse mortality. Results Incidence of AKI by day 100 was 64%. Exposure to tacrolimus and other nephrotoxins conferred a higher risk of AKI, but tacrolimus levels were not associated with severity. Reduced-intensity conditioning carried higher AKI risk compared with myeloablative conditioning. Most stage 3 AKIs were due to ischemic acute tubular necrosis and calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. KRT was initiated in 21 out of 616 patients (3%); of these 21 patients, nine (43%) recovered and five (24%) survived to hospital discharge. T cell–depleted transplants, higher baseline serum albumin, and non-Hispanic ethnicity were associated with lower risk of AKI. CKD developed in 21% (73 of 345) of patients after 12 months. Nonrelapse mortality was higher in those with AKI (hazard ratio, 2.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 4.27). Conclusions AKI post–hematopoietic cell transplant remains a major concern. Risk of AKI was higher with exposure to calcineurin inhibitors. T cell–depleted hematopoietic cell transplants and higher serum albumin had lower risk of AKI. Of the patients requiring KRT, 43% recovered kidney function. Podcast This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_09_07_CJN19801220.mp3
Published: 2021
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11. Dilated Cardiomyopathy Associated with Paraquat Herbicide Poisoning

Author: Dovile Kulakauskiene, Vikas Nookala, Kyla D'Angelo, Jaffer Ahmad, Manpreet Mahal, Amgad N. Makaryus, and Madalyn Rivas
Subjects: Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, cardiac CT angiography, paraquat, Ischemia, heart failure, Case Report, chemistry.chemical_compound, R5-920, Paraquat, Internal medicine, medicine, Medical history, Ejection fraction, business.industry, Dilated cardiomyopathy, General Medicine, medicine.disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Ventricle, Heart failure, Etiology, Cardiology, business
Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy is a subset of cardiomyopathies defined by reduced ejection fraction of less than 45% and a dilated left ventricle. While dilated cardiomyopathy is common, its etiology is not always readily evident. Paraquat is used as an herbicide worldwide and is one of the main causes of fatal poisoning in underdeveloped countries in Asia, Central America, and the Pacific Islands. The most commonly affected organs are the lungs and kidneys. However, experimental research has shown that Paraquat can affect the heart indirectly through increased vascular permeability. In vivo animal studies have shown that paraquat poisoning causes myocardial contractile dysfunction by decreased fractional shortening and cardiac remodeling. We report the first case in published literature of a 52-year-old Hispanic man with dilated cardiomyopathy strongly associated with Paraquat exposure. It is important to obtain detailed medical history and proper diagnostic work-up including work, social, and family history, and echocardiography, baseline EKG, lab work, and ischemia cardiac testing as it can lead to improved diagnostic evaluation of possible etiologies of the commonly seen dilated cardiomyopathies and help identify less well-known etiologies as seen in our patient.
Published: 2021

12. Assessment of some cardiovascular risk factors during the pre-Haj medical examinations in Oman

Author: Firdosi R. Mehta, Sufeiman Al Aufy, Adrian Lambourne, and Ali Jaffer M. Suleiman
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Emergency medicine, Cardiovascular risk factors, medicine, General Medicine, business
Abstract: Hospital-based data in Oman reveal that ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases alone account for 30% of hospital deaths in the age group 15 years and above. Very few community-based data are available on the subject, hence a multicentre cardiovascular screening study was undertaken during the pre-Haj medical examination in May 1991, in which 1749 Omanis were screened. Blood pressure levels, body-mass index, serum cholesterol and sugar were recorded and analysed. The results of this study indicate that major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in the community, hence further epidemiological studies should be undertaken, and strategies formulated for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases before they emerge as a public health problem in Oman
Published: 2021
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13. Posterior mesorectal thickness as a predictor of increased operative time in rectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Author: Tyler McKechnie, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Ryan Rebello, Aristithes G. Doumouras, Karim Ramji, Nalin Amin, Hussein Jaffer, and Colin Kruse
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, Retrospective cohort study, Total mesorectal excision, Colorectal surgery, medicine, Rectal Adenocarcinoma, Surgery, Radiology, Stage (cooking), business, Abdominal surgery, Mesorectal
Abstract: In rectal cancer surgery, larger mesorectal fat area has been shown to correlate with increased intraoperative difficulty. Prior studies were mostly in Asian populations with average body mass indices (BMIs) less than 25 kg/m2. This study aimed to define the relationship between radiological variables on pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative difficulty in a North American population. This is a single-center retrospective cohort study analyzing all patients who underwent low anterior resection (LAR) or transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for stage I–III rectal adenocarcinoma from January 2015 until December 2019. Eleven pelvic magnetic resonance imaging measures were defined a priori according to previous literature and measured in each of the included patients. Operative time in minutes and intraoperative blood loss in milliliters were utilized as the primary indicators of intraoperative difficulty. Eighty-three patients (39.8% female, mean age: 62.4 ± 11.6 years) met inclusion criteria. The mean BMI of included patients was 29.4 ± 6.2 kg/m2. Mean operative times were 227.2 ± 65.1 min and 340.6 ± 78.7 min for LARs and TaTMEs, respectively. On multivariable analysis including patient, tumor, and MRI factors, increasing posterior mesorectal thickness was significantly associated with increased operative time (p = 0.04). Every 1 cm increase in posterior mesorectal thickness correlated with a 26 min and 6 s increase in operative time. None of the MRI measurements correlated strongly with BMI. As the number of obese rectal cancer patients continues to expand, strategies aimed at optimizing their surgical management are paramount. While increasing BMI is an important preoperative risk factor, the present study identifies posterior mesorectal thickness on MRI as a reliable and easily measurable parameter to help predict operative difficulty. Ultimately, this may in turn serve as an indicator of which patients would benefit most from pre-operative resources aimed at optimizing operative conditions and postoperative recovery.
Published: 2021
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14. Study on Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug-Drug Interactions and Co-Morbid Conditions of Patients Suffering from Tuberculosis

Author: Rasheed Ahemad Shaik, Syed Jaffer, and Syeda Humera Fatima
Subjects: Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.disease, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, Co morbid, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Co morbidity, Drug reaction, business, Anti tubercular, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), media_common
Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis is the oldest common infectious disease affecting not only lungs but several organs in a human body. Its caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis exposure is through lungs. This disease has co-morbid conditions. The basic treatment according to WHO is with Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, but these drugs may lead to adverse drug reactions and drug interactions. Objective: To determine the adverse effects and drug-drug interactions post administration of anti-tubercular drugs and to determine the influence of drugs on their co-morbid conditions of patients suffering from tuberculosis in Aster Prime Hospital. Methods: The patient’s prescriptions of total 110 were collected from the outpatient and in-patient Pulmonology department. These were noted in the data collection form and the comparative study was done by evaluating the number of male and female affected with Tuberculosis, common drug-drug interaction with respective drug, adverse drug reaction followed by the common co-morbid condition occurring with TB and the effect of drugs on co-morbidities Results: The prevalence of tuberculosis in 110 patients was found to be more in females by 12% than males. The co-morbid conditions found with tuberculosis were Hypertension, diabetes, pleural effusion, hepatitis, cavitary disease and respiratory failure. The least common comorbidities were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), gastritis, and stroke and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ulcerative colitis. The total adverse effect found in the 62 patients (56.36%) and the patients with no adverse drug reactions were 48 (43.63%) The percentage of total drug-drug interactions found in the patients were 44% (n=48) and the percentage of patients with no interactions were 56% (n=62). Conclusion: Health care workers play an important role and considered as a vital group for tuberculosis awareness activities to increase competence in TB management and compliance with national guidelines. Interventions address a combination of varying influences on behaviour, focusing on specific gaps identified to improve their impact.
Published: 2021
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15. First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial

Author: Ricardo Bruges, Pamela Salman, Ruben Dario Kowalyszyn, M. Li, Lucjan Wyrwicz, Valerie Poulart, Michalis V. Karamouzis, Arinilda Silva Campos Bragagnoli, Roberto Pazo-Cid, Marcelo Garrido, Yelena Y. Janjigian, Tomasz Skoczylas, Lin Shen, Mustapha Tehfe, Kensei Yamaguchi, Ming Lei, Michael Schenker, Thomas Zander, H. Xiao, Erika Hitre, Kynan Feeney, Markus Moehler, Kaoru Kondo, Kohei Shitara, Patricio Eduardo Yanez, Tianshu Liu, Dana Cullen, James M. Cleary, and Jaffer A. Ajani
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Ipilimumab, Adenocarcinoma, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Gastroenterology, Capecitabine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Progression-free survival, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Aged, Chemotherapy, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Progression-Free Survival, Oxaliplatin, Nivolumab, Fluorouracil, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Esophagogastric Junction, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: First-line chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has a median overall survival (OS) of less than 1 year. We aimed to evaluate first-line programmed cell death (PD)-1 inhibitor-based therapies in gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. We report the first results for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone.In this multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial (CheckMate 649), we enrolled adults (≥18 years) with previously untreated, unresectable, non-HER2-positive gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma, regardless of PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression from 175 hospitals and cancer centres in 29 countries. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1 while all three groups were open) via interactive web response technology (block sizes of six) to nivolumab (360 mg every 3 weeks or 240 mg every 2 weeks) plus chemotherapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin every 3 weeks or leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin every 2 weeks), nivolumab plus ipilimumab, or chemotherapy alone. Primary endpoints for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone were OS or progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review, in patients whose tumours had a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) of five or more. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of the assigned treatment. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02872116.From March 27, 2017, to April 24, 2019, of 2687 patients assessed for eligibility, we concurrently randomly assigned 1581 patients to treatment (nivolumab plus chemotherapy [n=789, 50%] or chemotherapy alone [n=792, 50%]). The median follow-up for OS was 13·1 months (IQR 6·7-19·1) for nivolumab plus chemotherapy and 11·1 months (5·8-16·1) for chemotherapy alone. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy resulted in significant improvements in OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0·71 [98·4% CI 0·59-0·86]; p0·0001) and PFS (HR 0·68 [98 % CI 0·56-0·81]; p0·0001) versus chemotherapy alone in patients with a PD-L1 CPS of five or more (minimum follow-up 12·1 months). Additional results showed significant improvement in OS, along with PFS benefit, in patients with a PD-L1 CPS of one or more and all randomly assigned patients. Among all treated patients, 462 (59%) of 782 patients in the nivolumab plus chemotherapy group and 341 (44%) of 767 patients in the chemotherapy alone group had grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events. The most common any-grade treatment-related adverse events (≥25%) were nausea, diarrhoea, and peripheral neuropathy across both groups. 16 (2%) deaths in the nivolumab plus chemotherapy group and four (1%) deaths in the chemotherapy alone group were considered to be treatment-related. No new safety signals were identified.Nivolumab is the first PD-1 inhibitor to show superior OS, along with PFS benefit and an acceptable safety profile, in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in previously untreated patients with advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy represents a new standard first-line treatment for these patients.Bristol Myers Squibb, in collaboration with Ono Pharmaceutical.
Published: 2021
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16. How COVID-19 has accelerated tech adoption in the hotel industry

Author: Jaffer, Zain
Subjects: Epidemics -- Influence -- United States, Hotels and motels -- Forecasts and trends, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Travel industry
Abstract: Byline: Zain Jaffer For roughly the past decade, experts in the technology industry have been using the term 'exponential technology.' The phenomenon refers to both the rapid improvements in cost [...]
Published: 2021

17. BJS commission on surgery and perioperative care post-COVID-19

Author: E. Abahuje, A. Abbas, M. Abd El Aziz Abd El Maksoud, A. Abdelhady, S. Abdelhamid, H. Abdelkarem Ahmed Faraj, B. Abdelqader, T. Abdelrahman, H. Abdou, A. Abdullah, M. Abedua Harrison, E. Abem Owusu, A. Aboalazayem, R. Aboulhosn, S. Abu Oda, A. Abubakar, A. Abutaka, D. Acevedo Fontalvo, S. Acuna, A. Adefemi, S. Adegbola, T. Adenuga, A. Adeyeye, A. Adil Hilmi, A. Adisa, K. Aditya, T. Adjeso, R. Aftab, A. Afzal, V. Aggarwal, A. Aggarwal, R. Aguilera, M. -L. Aguilera-Are´valo, E. J. Aguirre Salamanca, I. Aguirre-Allende, D. Ahari, H. Ahmad, F. Ahmad Rauf, A. Ahmad Zartasht Khan, S. Ahmed, N. Ahmed Fieturi, S. Ahmed Mohamed, Z. Ahmed-Bakhsh, M. Ahsan Javed, L. Akano, A. Akbar, M. Akhbari, P. Akhmedov, G. Aksit, Y. Akula, A. S. Alagaratnam, S. Al Majid, O. Al Mukhtar, H. Al Omran, N. AlAsali, M. Al-Azzawi, R. Al-Habsi, H. Al-Iraqi, H. Al-Naggar, E. Alameer, H. Albirnawi, D. Alderson, F. Aldulaijan, R. Alejandro Miranda Ojeda, A. AlHasan, S. Ali, A. Ali, M. Ali Khan, Y. Alimova, F. Aljanadi, R. Aljubure, N. Allopi, H. Almedbal, M. Almubarak, Z. Alqaidoom, N. Alselaim, M. Alshaar, R. Alshammari, K. Altaf, S. Altıner, B. Altunpak, L. A. Alvarez Lozada, E. Amal Nahal, A. Amer, K. Amin, U. Aminu, N. Amisi Numbi, T. Amjad, R. Amoah, Y. An, N. -A. Anastasopoulos, J. Andre´s Urrutia, F. Angarita, K. -L. Angarita, M. A´ ngel FreirI´a Eiras, A. Antypas, M. A. Anwar, H. Anwar, T. O. Apampa, K. Apostolou, C. Aquina, R. Arachchige Adithi Himika Randeni, M. I. Archila Godı´nez, O. Arez, A. A. Arezzo, P. Armonis, S. Arshad, M. Arshad Salman, A. Arshid, P. C. Arteaga Asensio, T. Arthur, A. Arumuga Jothi, F. Aryo Damara, L. Asensio Gomez, J. Ashcroft, S. Ashraf, A. Asif, M. Atif, M. Attaullah Khan, N. Avellaneda, S. Awad, M. Awadh, A. Axiaq, A. Ayad Mohammed Shuwayyah, D. Ayalew, E. Aytac, F. Azam, J. Azevedo, B. Azhar, J. Aziz, A. Aziz, A. Azzam, A. Baba Ndajiwo, M. Baig, D. Baker, F. Bakko, R. Balachandran, G. Balachandran, J. Balagizi Mudekereza, E. Balai, B. Balci, A. Balduzzi, A. Balhareth, S. Bandyopadhyay, D. Banerjee, D. Bangalore Mahalinga, B. Bankhead-Kendall, N. D. A. Bankole, V. Banwell, F. Baris Bengur, B. Baris Ozmen, M. Barnard, R. Barnett, J. A. Barreras Espinoza, A. Barrios, G. Bass, M. Bass, A. Bausys, A. Bavikatte, J. Bayram, M. Belousov, A. G. Berardi, A. Beamish, C. Beattie, F. Belia, V. Bellato, S. Bellikatti, S. Benjamens, C. Benlice, S. Bennedsgaard, S. Bennett, Z. Bentounsi, H. Bergenfeldt, A. Bergenfelz, M. Besselink, G. Bhandoria, E. Bhangu, M. Bhatia, M. T. Bhatti, Z. Bilgili, G. Bislenghi, C. Bisset, S. Biswas, J. Blake, R. Blanco, L. Boccalatte, R. Boden, C. Bojanic, M. Boland, P. Boland, E. Bollen, E. -A. Bonci, L. Boni, A. Booth, R. Booth, A. Borakati, G. E. Borunda Escudero, S. J. Bosco, P. Bostro¨ m, P. Botelho de Alencar Ferreira Cruz, K. Bouchagier, A. Bouhuwaish, M. Boutros, K. Boyce, C. Boyle, L. Bradshaw, A. Brandl, A. Brar, G. Brat, H. Brenkman, C. Brennan, C. Brines, A. Brookmyre, C. Brosnan, L. Brouwers, A. 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Costa, D. Couch, S. Cowper, B. Creavin, B. Crook, A. Curell, R. D’alessio, J. Dale, J. Damgaard Eriksen, I. Dario Martin Gonzalez, A. Darwish, M. Das, R. Das, K. Das, R. Dave, S. O. David, T. Davies, C. Davis, S. Davison, V. Davletshina, A. Dawidziuk, A. Dawson, M. de Andres Crespo, H. de Berker, P. de Dieu Ngo, E. Dekker, R. de la Caridad Espinosa Luis, B. de Lacy, N. Demartines, A. de Montserrat Medina Sifuentes, S. De Silva, C. del Rio, V. Delaune, A. Dell, I. Demirbas¸, S. Demirli Atici, M. Deniz Tepe, M. Derebey, G. Desai, M. Desai, S. Devarakonda, N. Deveras, G. Di Franco, M. Di Martino, F. Di Marzo, A´ . Dı´az, G. Diaz del Gobbo, C. DiazCastrillon, L. Dick, K. Dickinson, E. Diego, I. Dimasi, A. Ding, S. Dingemans, L. Dixon, B. Dixon, W. Doherty, D. Dooreemeah, C. Donohue, M. Dornseifer, F. Dossa, W. Dossou, T. Drake, I. Drami, G. Drevin, M. C. du Plessis, N. Dudi-Venkata, R. Dudley, S. Duffy, D. Duklas, B. -D. Dumbrava, F. Duygu Avlar, A. Dworzynska, W. Ebrahim, A. Ebrahim, E. 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Gana, E. Gaskin, M. Gasparini, R. G. Gatan, E. Geary, K. Gelaye Wudineh, G. Gemenetzis, M. Georgi, H. Ghalige, W. Ghareeb, T. Ghatwary Tantawy, C. Ghomsi, A. Ghuman, P. Giannakis, F. Giron, K. Gjengedal, E. Gkotsis, J. Glasbey, S. Godahewa, D. Godula, P. Goffredo, S. Goh, M. Golriz, L. Gomez, D. Gomez Gomez, R. Gonzalez, D. Gonzalez, E. Gonzalez Gutierrez, D. Gopar, L. Gordini, A. Gori, S. Gorta´ zar, N. Gousy, R. Gowda, M. Gowda, J. Gqada, M. Grechenig, J. Greer, L. Grego´ rio, A. Grigorova, H. Grimes, V. Groot, R. C. Grossman, R. Gruber, A. Gru¨ ter, R. Guest, R. Gujjuri, E. Gu¨ lc¸ek, B. Gulcu, K. Gull, M. Gulmez, V. Gupta, A. Gutlic, T. Guven, T. Gwatirisa, G. Gwini, P. Gwodog, S. Gysling, M. Habib, A. B. Hafeez Bhatti, J. Hallesmith, S. Halloran, M. Hamza Sadiq, C. Haney, N. Hanna, L. Hanna, M. Hannington, J. Harbjerg, D. Haribaskaran, N. Harran, B. Harrington, E. Harrison, R. Hasan, S. Hashmi, M. Hassan, A. Hassan, L. Haverkamp, S. Hazen, B. Heer, J. Heil, J. Helliwell, N. 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Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Biomedical Research, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), International Cooperation, Practice Patterns, Commission, Global Health, Health Services Accessibility, Perioperative Care, Education, Surgeon, COVID-19, surgery, perioperative care, Medical, Pandemic, Humans, Medicine, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Graduate, Pandemics, Surgeons, Health Resource, Infection Control, Physicians', Surgical Procedures, business.industry, General surgery, Middle Aged, Operative, Education, Medical, Graduate, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Perioperative care, Health Resources, Surgery, Female, business, Human
Abstract: Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2020 and global surgical practice was compromised. This Commission aimed to document and reflect on the changes seen in the surgical environment during the pandemic, by reviewing colleagues’ experiences and published evidence. Methods In late 2020, BJS contacted colleagues across the global surgical community and asked them to describe how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had affected their practice. In addition to this, the Commission undertook a literature review on the impact of COVID-19 on surgery and perioperative care. A thematic analysis was performed to identify the issues most frequently encountered by the correspondents, as well as the solutions and ideas suggested to address them. Results BJS received communications for this Commission from leading clinicians and academics across a variety of surgical specialties in every inhabited continent. The responses from all over the world provided insights into multiple facets of surgical practice from a governmental level to individual clinical practice and training. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered a variety of problems in healthcare systems, including negative impacts on surgical practice. Global surgical multidisciplinary teams are working collaboratively to address research questions about the future of surgery in the post-COVID-19 era. The COVID-19 pandemic is severely damaging surgical training. The establishment of a multidisciplinary ethics committee should be encouraged at all surgical oncology centres. Innovative leadership and collaboration is vital in the post-COVID-19 era.
Published: 2021
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18. Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

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Helidon Nina, Amanda Zeko, Claudio Gabriel Fermani, Santiago Villalobos, Federico Carballo, Pablo Farina, Sebastian Guckenheimer, Marilla Dickfos, Ankit Ajmera, Chester Chong, Ralph Gourlay, Sikandar Hussaini, Yi Jia Lee, Adeeb Majid, Peter Martin, Rebecca Miles, Owen James Morris, Jamie Phua, William Ridley, Tarunpreet Saluja, Ryan Renxin Tan, Jen Teh, Anna Wells, Bharti Arora, Qaasim Dollie, Debbie Ho, Yanru Ma, Omattage Mahasha Perera, Anthony Truong, Amanda Caroline Dawson, Bryan Lim, Upuli Pahalawatta, Jacqueline Phan, Xiao-Ming Sarah Woon-Shoo-Tong, Andrea Yeoh, Lillian Charman, Andrew Drane, Sharon Laura, Charmaine Chu Wen Lo, Amy Mozes, Rita Poon, Hao Han Tan, Ellen Wall, Prakshi Chopra, Jasmine De Giovanni, Bal Dhital, Brian Draganic, Alexander Duller, Jonathan Gani, Yao Kuan Goh, Jun Young Jeong, Brendan McManus, Prakash Nagappan, Peter Pockney, Anya Rugendyke, Mahsa Sarrami, Stephen Smith, Vanessa Wills, Hsu Ven Wong, Geoffrey Ye, Geoffrey Zhang, Ethan Brooker, Daniel Feng, Bonnie Lau, Carlin Ngai, Sarah Birks, David Gyorki, Jaime Otero de Pablos, Ali Abbosh, Chris Gillespie, Ahmed Mahmoud, Bianca Kwan, Joshua Lawson, Andrea Warwick, Janne Bingham, Andrew J Cockbain, Nagendra Naidu Dudi-Venkata, Jordan Ellaby-Hall, Ben Finlay, Emily Humphries, Jade Pisaniello, Monique Pisaniello, Salma Salih, Tarik Sammour, Haidar Hadri Abd Wahab, April De Silva, Nicola Hayward, Kartik Iyer, Guy Maddern, Gian Andrea Prevost, Naga Annapureddy, Krishna Pranathi Settipalli, Jeremy Yeo, Lucy Hempenstall, Lily Pham, Shaun Purcell, Cherry Talavera, Ashish I Vaska, Gurpreet Chaggar, Phillip Chrapko, Annelise Cocco, Sarah Michelle Crystal Jade Coulter-Nile, Grahame Ctercteko, James French, Houchen Gong, Martijn Gosselink, Thuvarahan Jegathees, Ivan Jin, Michelle Kalachov, Kathryn Kiefhaber, Katherine Lee, Jason Luong, Steven Phan, Henry Pleass, Kelly Veale, Zhi Zeng, Angela Au, Ashe DeBiasio, Idy Deng, Jananee Myooran, Amrita Nair, Peter Stewart, Anton Stift, Lukas Walter Unger, Kerstin Wimmer, Nabila Ahmed, Syed Hasan, Saber Rahman, Margaret O'Shea, Greg Padmore, Adrian Peters, Pietro Perduca, Guenda Pulcina, Nicolas Tinton, Frederic Buxant, Elsa Dabin, Giulia Garofalo, Francis Dossou, Freddy Houehanou Rodrigue Gnangnon, Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou, Pako Motlaleselelo, Omphile Tlhomelang, Igor Lima Buarque, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes, Aldo Vieira Barros, Ilia Batashki, Nikolai Damianov, Vladislav Stoyanov, Dragomir Dardanov, Svilen Maslyankov, Plamen Petkov, George Todorov, Evgeni Zhivkov, Aygulya Akisheva, Miguel Angel Castilla Moreno, Geno Genov, Ivelina Ilieva, Tsvetomir Ivanov, Martin Karamanliev, Azhar Khan, Emil Mitkov, Tsanko Yotsov, Boyko Atanasov, Nikolay Belev, Mihail Slavchev, Carlos Nsengiyumva, Elgan Jones, Simon Stock, Steve Kyota, James Brown, Tresor Mabanza K., Lemery Nigo Samuel, Chidi Otuneme, Ngwang Prosper, Franklin Umenze, Marylise Boutros, Natasha Caminsky, Sinziana Dumitra, Richard Garfinkle, Dominique Morency, Ebram Salama, Alexander Banks, Lorenzo Ferri, Haitian He, Amit Katz, Alexander Sender Liberman, Sarkis Meterissian, Allison Pang, Elena Parvez, Usmaan Hameed, Fahima Osman, Sangita Sequeira, Natalie Coburn, Alisha Jaffer, Paul Karanicolas, Matthew Mosseler, Reilly Musselman, Xinyuan Liu, Ching Wan Yip, Juan Sebastian Garces-Otero, Carolina Guzman, Sebastian Sierra, Andres Uribe Valencia, Paulo Andrés Cabrera Rivera, Saul Camelo, Andrea Gonzalez, Alejandro González-Orozco, Manuel Santiago Mosquera Paz, Carlos J- Perez Rivera, Felipe Gonzalez, Andres Isaza-Restrepo, Laura Nino- Torres, Natalia Arias Madrid, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Justin Tsandiraki, Damir Jemendžic, Branislav Kocman, Oliver Šuman, Renata Canic, Darko Jurišic, Ivana Karakas, Ana Krizanovic Rupcic, Vlatka Pitlovic, Josip Samardžic, Mario Kopljar, Ivan Bacic, Edgar Domini, Robert Karlo, Danijela Miljanic, Andrea Simic, Mariam Ahmed, Majdi Al Nassrallah, Rabiya Altaf, Talal Amjad, Ruba Eltoum, Heba Haidar, Alhassan Hassan, Omar Khalil, Marwan Qasem, Rommel Ramesh, Gautham Sajith, Maham Wisal, Jan Žatecký, Michele Bujda, Katerina Jirankova, Ales Paclik, Aya Abdallah, Mariam Abdulgawad Almogy, Esraa Ayman El-sawy, Ahmed Moustafa ElFayoumy, Nourhan Elghareeb, Nourhan Ahmed Esmat, Ahmed Fadel, Abdullah Habater, Heba Hamdy, Amr Hefni, Marwa Kamal, Norhan Mohamed Abobakr, Ahmed Sayed, Nancy Shaker, Ehab Taha, Hoda Tharwat, Omar Zakaria, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Ali Al-Dhufri, Hamza S. Al-Himyari, Enas El sheikh, Asmaa Eldmaty, Aya Elkhalawy, Ahmed M.Elkhashen, Kithara Magdy, Safa Mostafa, Habib Doutoum Sadia, Mohamed mahmoud Saleh, Dina Samir, Mohamed Yahia Mohamed Ali, Mahmoud A. Nassar, Samar Abdelhady, Aly Abdelrazek, Israa Abdelsalam, Aya El-Sawy, Eman Essam, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Khaled Ghaly, Mohamed Hassabalnaby, Rana Masarani, Nourhan Mohamed Shaaban, Ahmed Sabry, Menatalla Salem, Nourhan Akram Soliman, Diaaaldin Zahran, Moustafa Ramadan Abou El.soud, Esraa Tarek Badr, Hala Borham, Nehal Elmeslemany, Mohammad Elsayed, Fawzia Elsherif, Sara Eslam, Gehad Gaber, Sondos Ibrahim, Yara Kamh, Abdelrahman Mahmoud, Shimaa gamal Mohamed, Eman Morshedy, Cinderella Omar, Fatima Salem Soliman, Shaza Abdelkawy, Naglaa Abdelmohsen, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Ahmed Dahy, Norhan Gamal, Mohammed Gamal, Ahmad Hasan, Helal Hetta, Nehad Mousa, Mohamed Omar, Somia Rabie, Mahmoud Saad, Bakeer Saleh, Marwa Sayed Mohamed, Muhammad Shawqi, Heba Abdelhady Mousa, Mostafa Alnoury, Mohamed Elbealawy, Ahmed Elshafey, Muhammad Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, Mennatullah Ghonaim, Fawzy Hgag, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mahmoud Morsy, Mohamed Reda Loaloa, Ahmed Refaat, Hadeer Samir, Fatma Shahien, Mohamed Sobhy, Fathy Sroor, Esraa Abdellatif, Marina Adel, Amr Abdelghani Afifi, Eman Afifi, Marco Antaky, Amr Dawoud, Naira El Zoghby, Amira El-remaily, Ali Abdelazez Elzanfaly, Ahmed Gadallah, Fatma Alzahraa Gamal, Omar Hashem, Shrouk Medhat Youssef, Aliaa Muhammad Attyah, Malak Munir, Omar Shazly, Esraa Taha, Karim Wilson, Sawsan Adel, Asmaa Ali, Esraa Eid, Esraa Elhelow, Marwa Elmahdy, Bassant Elshatby, Amany Hossam el-din Zakaria, Ahmad Hossny, Eman Ibrahim, Ahmed M.Yonis, Maram Metwalli, Basant Yousry, Esraa Zid, Mina A Yacoub, Ahmed Abdelhakim, Nervana Abouelsoad, Mo'min Alkhatib, Ahmed Ashraf, Alaa Ashraf, Yasmin Elazab, Mahmoud Elfanty, Osama Elkabir, Mai Elsayed, Ahmed Elshimy, Hager Elsobky, John Eskander, Ahmed Gad, Ward Hamsho, Noura Khaled Abdelwahed, Menna Magdy, Dalia Moharam, Abeer Osama, Shereen Ramadan, Radwa Roum, Taqwa Sayed, Tarneem Shehada, Ahmed Mohy Zidan, Khalid Abbas, Amr Ali, Mohamed Attia, Mohamed Balata, Ayman El Nakeeb, Mohamed Ibrahim Elsayed Elewaily, Ahmed Elfallal, Hossam Elfeki, Ahmed Elkhadragy, Sameh Emile, Helmy Ezzat, Hasnaa Hosni, Islam Mansour, Waleed Omar, Gehad Othman, Kareem Sadek, Mostafa Shalaby, Noura Shehab-Eldeen, Rawda Anas khalifa, Helmy Badr, Mostafa Eldeep, Ahmed Eldeep, Amany Eldoseuky mohammed, Salwa Khallaf, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Rokia Mahmoud, Pola Mikhail, Mahmoud Morsi, Sara Mowafy, Dina Raafat, Amina Safy, Marwa Sera, Ahmed shible Sera, Mostafa Salim Mohamed AbdAllah, Muhammad Abdelkader, Abdulrahman Osama Abdou, Ahmedgaber Ahmed, Shireen Gaafar, Fatma Ibrahim negm, Mina Lapic, Ahmed Maher, Hagar Mahmoud, Ahmed Mostafa, Mohamed Samir, Fatma Samy, Nourhan Semeda, Hind I. Shalaby, Alaa El-taweel, Ahmed Galal Elnagar, Ahmed Gamal Hemidan, Mohamed Hussein, Ahmed.A. Kandil, Mf Moawad, Ayat Allah Nasser Hamamah, Mostafa Soliman, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Noura Abdelmaksoud Tawakel, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelwahed, Alrawy Abdou, Khalid Atallah, Mohammed Yasser Elsherbeny, Eman Emara, Mohamed Hamdy, Omar Hamdy, Amira Haron, Salma Ismail, Islam Hany Metwally, Nihal Mohamed Hamed Elgaml, Ahmed Nassar, Basel Refky, Mirna Sadek, Mahmoud Saleh, Asmaa Yunes, Mai Zakaria, Mohammed Zuhdy, Notila Fayed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Sander Kütner, Priit Melnik, Indrek Seire, Toomas Ümarik, Eppu Ainoa, Verner Eerola, Hanna Koppatz, Laura Koskenvuo, Ville Sallinen, Sini Takala, Jevgeni Katunin, Arto Turunen, Niki Christou, Muriel Mathonnet, Vincent Lavoue, Krystel Nyangoh Timoh, Lucie Soulabaille, Romain Lesourd, Aude Merdrignac, Laurent Sulpice, Benoît André, Elodie Chantalat, Charlotte Vaysse, Bertrand Dousset, Sebastien Gaujoux, Gregory Martin, Octavian Clonda, Domantas Juodis, Klaus Kienle, Andras Mravik, Samuel Palmer, Gabor Szabadhegyi, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Solomon Gyabaah, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Nuhu Naabo, Atta Owusu senior, Joseph Yorke, Frank Owusu, Francis Abantanga, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Abdul-Jalilu Mohammed Muntaka, Emmanuel Owusu Abem, Mohammed Sheriff, Paul M. Wondoh, Dimitrios Balalis, Dimitrios Korkolis, Georgios Gkiokas, Eirini Pantiora, Theodosios Theodosopoulos, Argyrios Ioannidis, Konstantinos Konstantinidis, Sofia Konstantinidou, Nikolaos Machairas, Anna Paspala, Anastasia Prodromidou, Christos Chouliaras, Konstantinos Papadopoulos, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Ioannis Mamaloudis, George Tzovaras, Ioanna Akrida, Maria-Ioanna Argentou, Stylianos Germanos, Evangelos Iliopoulos, Ioannis Maroulis, George Skroubis, George Theofanis, Christos Chatzakis, Orestis Ioannidis, Lydia Loutzidou, Panagiotis Karathanasis, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Charalampos Theodoropoulos, Dimitrios Theodorou, Tania Triantafyllou, Zoe Garoufalia, Natasha Hasemaki, Michalis Kontos, Gregory Kouraklis, Stylianos Kykalos, Theodore Liakakos, Eustratia Mpaili, Alexandros Papalampros, Dimitrios Schizas, Athanasios Syllaios, Ekaterini Christina Tampaki, Antonios Tsimpoukelis, Maria Ioanna Antonopoulou, Eirini Deskou, Dimitrios K. Manatakis, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Menelaos Zoulamoglou, Christos Anthoulakis, Michalis Margaritis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Veronica Campo, André Ceballos, Mario-Andrés Flores, Waleska Giron, Donghyun Ko, Gabriel Martinez, Verónica Rivera Lara, Nataly Rueda, Andres Sanchez, Jorge Carlos Guillermo Tejeda Garrido, Alvaro Eduardo Alvarez Rivera, Elvis Benjamin Bamaca Ixcajoc, Lilian Elizabeth Barreda Zelaya, Patricia Chacòn-Herrera, Ligia Margarita Corea Ruiz, Guillermo Echeverria-Davila, Mario Garcia, Danilo García, Edgar Fernando Gutiérrez Mayen, Noriega José, Nery Mazariegos, Diego Méndez, Michael Paniagua Espinoza, David Bardos, Marton Benke, Kristof Illes, Balint András Kokas, Réka Szabó, Akhila Appukuttan, Anjitha Asok, Vijaykumar D.k, Kapil Malik, Praveen Ravishankaran, Ritesh Tapkire, Guru Moorthy, Joyner Abraham, Ramesh Muthuvel, John Alapatt, Abhay Kattepur, Nizamudheen Pareekutty, Mebanshanbor Garod, Caleb Harris, Cliff Wanniang, Ashish Gupta, Deepak Nehra, Sanjeev Parshad, Rajgopal Acharya, Rajendra Badwe, Manish Bhandare, Urvashi Jain, Karishma Kirti, Nita Nair, Shailesh Shrikhande, Purvi Thakkar, Premkumar Anandan, Archana C S, Arun Holenarasipur Narasannaiah, Tejaswi Jagarlamudi, Rashmi M R, Mallikarjuna Manangi, Abhishek Raghavendra, K. Seshagiri Rao, Vinay S, Vinay Sajjan, Aneesh Shenoy, Santhosh Shivashankar Chikkanayakanahalli, Kavya Tharanath, Sushmita V, Peter Adidharma, Raksheeth Agarwal, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Ghafur Rasyid Arifin, Matthew Billy, Zatira Elfizri, Alessa Fahira, Devi Felicia, Triana Hardianti Gunardi, Nadya Johanna, Nadia Rahmadiani Nugrahadi, Sonar Soni Panigoro, Siti Rahmayanti, Retta Catherina Sihotang, Santi Yuanita Brata, Hadi Winoto, Nastaran Barati, Manoochehr Karami, Hamidreza Khorshidi, Homa Naderifar, Mazin A. Abdulla, Maggie Coleman, Ronan J Doherty, Rob Hannon, Brenda Murphy, Aine Stakelum, Des Winter, Lylas Aljohmani, Richard Farnan, Yeshey Seldon, Tanna Tan, Shriya Varghese, Mohammad Alherz, Muaaz Ather, Mohammad Bajilan, Vivien Graziadei, Isobel Pilkington, Omar Quidwai, Paul Ridgway, Haaris Shiwani, Abd al-Rahman Tahir, Eimear Blunnie, Daniel Burke, Niall Kennedy, Kate Macdonagh, Maeve O'Neill, Siobhan Rooney, Giuseppe Falco, Guglielmo Ferrari, Simone Mele, Gabriela Elisa Nita, Lara Ugoletti, Maurizio Zizzo, Gianmaria Confalonieri, Giovanni Pesenti, Fulvio Tagliabue, Gianluca Baronio, Deborah Ongaro, Giacomo Pata, Bruno Compagnoni, Renato Salvadori, Lucio Taglietti, Nicola D'Alessandro, Pierpaolo Di Lascio, Giovanni Pascale, Luca Bortolasi, Tommaso Campagnaro, Massimo Carlini, Giorgio Lisi, Davide Lombardi, Corrado Pedrazzani, Domenico Spoletini, Giulia Turri, Paola Violi, Donato Francesco Altomare, Fabrizio Aquilino, Nicola Musa, Vincenzo Papagni, Arcangelo Picciariello, Leonardo Vincenti, Dario Andreotti, Savino Occhionorelli, Matteo Tondo, Stefano Maria Massimiliano. Basso, Riccardo Cirelli, Marco Enrico Mario Maino, Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi, Emanuele Picone, Rosa Scaramuzzo, Giovanni Sinibaldi, Alfonso Amendola, Lorenzo Anastasio, Luigi Bucci, Emanuele Caruso, Antonio Castaldi, Sara Di Maso, Vincenza Paola Dinuzzi, Giovanni Esposito, Maria Gaudiello, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Paola Antonella Greco, Gaetano Luglio, Andrea Manfreda, Ester Marra, Federica Mastella, Gianluca Pagano, Roberto Peltrini, Vincenzo Pepe, Michele Sacco, Viviana Sollazzo, Giovanni Spiezio, Ettore Cianchetti, Nunzia Menduni, Michele Maria Carvello, Francesca Di Candido, Antonino Spinelli, Fabio Corsi, Luca Sorrentino, Fabio Marino, Emanuele Luigi Giuseppe Asti, Luigi Bonavina, Emanuele Rausa, Martina Asta, Andrea Belli, Francesco Bianco, Carmela Cervone, Paolo Delrio, Armando Falato, Andrea Fares Bucci, Rita Guarino, Ugo Pace, Daniela Rega, Emilia De Luca, Gaetano Gallo, Giuseppe Sammarco, Giuseppe Sena, Giuseppina Vescio, Letizia Santandrea, Giampaolo Ugolini, Davide Zattoni, Nicola Chetta, Gaetano Logrieco, Serafino Vanella, Gianluca Garulli, Nicola Zanini, Andrea Bondurri, Francesco Cammarata, Francesco Colombo, Diego Foschi, Giulia Maria Beatrice Lamperti, Anna Maffioli, Gianluca Matteo Sampietro, Al'ona Yakushkina, Gloria Zaffaroni, Enrico Cicuttin, Maria Grazia Sibilla, Harmony Impellizzeri, Marco Inama, Gianluigi Moretto, Sylvie Mochet, Elisa Ponte, Antonella Usai, Stefano Mancini, Andrea Sagnotta, Luigi Solinas, Elisa Bolzonaro, Nicolò Tamini, Gianluca Curletti, Raffaele Galleano, Michele Malerba, Sofia Campanella, Gianfranco Cocorullo, Francesco Colli, Paolino De Marco, Nicolò Falco, Tommaso Fontana, Leonel jospin Kamdem Mambou, Antonella La Brocca, Leo Licari, Brenda Randisi, Giovanna Rizzo, Giulia Rotolo, Giuseppe Salamone, Roberta Tutino, Paolina Venturelli, Stefano Malabarba, Alessandro Sgrò, Ivan Vella, Bruno Cirillo, Daniele Crocetti, Giorgio De Toma, Pierfrancesco Lapolla, Andrea Mingoli, Paolo Sapienza, Angela Belvedere, Stefania Bianchini, Margherita Binetti, Arianna Birindelli, Valeria Tonini, Mauro Podda, Fabio Pulighe, Michele De Rosa, Lorenzo Bono, Felice Borghi, Paolo Geretto, Maria Carmela Giuffrida, Corrado Lauro, Alessandra Marano, Luca Pellegrino, Paola Salusso, Diego Sasia, Michela Campanelli, Alberto Realis Luc, Mario Trompetto, Roberto Cardia, Nicola Cillara, Antonio Nicola Giordano, Antonio Costanzo, Mario Alessandro Giovilli, Luca Turati, Silvestro Canonico, Guido Sciaudone, Francesco Selvaggi, Lucio Selvaggi, Nader Albsoul, Ahmad AlBsoul, Ala'a Aldeen Alkhatib, Osama Alsallaq, Justin Z. Amarin, Rami Ayoub, Isam Bsisu, M S El Muhtaseb, Mohammad Jabaiti, Jamal Melhem, Yasmeen Z. Qwaider, Mohammad Hasan Salameh, Ahmad Suleihat, Haya H. Suradi, Mohammad Alammarin, Almoutuz Aljaafreh, Mohammad Bani hani, Zeina Bani hani, Farah Bani Hani, Toqa Fahmawee, Shadi Hamouri, Cyrine Katanani, Ra'fat Tawalbeh, Tamara Tawalbeh, Hassan Zawahrah, Mohamad K. Abou Chaar, Lana Abusalem, Mahmoud Al-Masri, Hani Al-Najjar, Lutfi Barghuthi, Zahra Ahmed, Adnan Maulana, Omar Ngotho, Charbel Kamau, Aruyaru Stanley Mwenda, Fridah Bosire, Elizabeth Mwachiro, Robert Parker, Ian Simel, Kimutai Sylvester, Abdulmunem Ahmed Mustafa Althini, Sofian Elbarouni, Aya Elseed Elbeshina, Ahmed Gwea, Ans Malek, Wedad Albashir Masoud Farag, Abdulwahab Abdalei, Abu Baker Abdel Malik, Areej Abo-khammash, Ma'aly Abuhlaiga, Nour Adnan, Marwa Albaggar, Asma Alfitory, Asma Aljanfi, Fakhruddin Almuzghi, Zohoor Altumei, Fatima Alzabti, Hana Ashoushan, Mohamed Assalhi, Joma Azzubia, Sondos Bnhameida, Malik Delhen, Houssein Elshafei, Hana Elteir, Fatima Esbaga, Abdel Aziz Gobbi, Fatma Hamouda, Hamdan Hilan, Rania Ismail, Fieruz Jebran, Muataz Kasbour, Galia Maderi, Saja Mohammad, Burooj Mohammed, Habib Murtadi, Hamassat Mustafa, Mohamed Rajab, Sarah Trenba, Mariam Wafaa, Eman Al Sagheir, Alabas Almigheerbi, Ahmed Alzahaf, Sumayyah Ghayth Bahroun, Najah Ben Dallah, Mahmoud Elshaibani, Haitem Eswaye, Maha Karar, Samah Omar, Eman Younes, Maha Younes, Dafer Zreeg, Saleh Abujamra, Firas Ashour, Mala Elgammudi, Wesal Omar F. Aljadidi, Enas Saddouh, Randa Sharif, Aya Alabuzidi, AbdulMawlay Alwerfally, Sarra Aribi, Fatma Bibas, Taha Elfaituri, Yasmine Elhajjaji, Ala Khaled, Wegdan Khalil, Tesneem Layas, Enas Soula, Ahmed Tarek, Muad fathi khalleefah Abu hallalah, Hazem Abdelkarem Ahmed, Tagwa Alsharef, Abdulsalam Ali Ben Saoud, Tasnim El Gharmoul, Ahmed Elhadi, Safa Elrais, Abdulhalim Shebani, Heba Zarti, Asaid Zeiton, Marijus Ambrazevicius, Nerijus Kaselis, Migle Stakyte, Oleg Aliosin, Agne Cizauskaite, Sarunas Dailidenas, Vitalijus Eismontas, Migle Kybransiene, Vitalija Nutautiene, Narimantas Samalavicius, Dainius Simcikas, Algirdas Slepavicius, Albinas Tamosiunas, Nerijus Ubartas, Paulius Zeromskas, Saulius Bradulskis, Edvinas Dainius, Juozas Juocas, Egle Kubiliute, Juozas Kutkevicius, Aurimas Opolskis, Audrius Parseliunas, Andrejus Subocius, Egle Virbickaite, Diana Zuikyte, Algirdas Bogusevicius, Kristina Buzaite, Daiva Cepuliene, Ieva Cesleviciene, Vaidotas Cesna, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Povilas Ignatavicius, Mantas Jokubauskas, Monika Liugailaite, Ernest Margelis, Ruta Mazelyte, Lina Pankratjevaite, Matas Pažusis, Agne Rackeviciute, Justina Saladyte, Monika Škimelyte, Vygintas Šlenfuktas, Monika Sudeikyte, Algimantas Tamelis, Tomas Vanagas, Žygimantas Žumbakys, Aivaras Atkociunas, Audrius Dulskas, Justas Kuliavas, Justas Birutis, Sigitas Paškevicius, Mindaugas Šatkauskas, Donatas Danys, Matas Jakubauskas, Lina Jakubauskiene, Marius Kryzauskas, Vytautas Lipnickas, Gabija Makunaite, Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Herizo Rasolofonarivo, Luc Hervé Samison, Bitiel Banda, Vanessa Msosa, Ahmad Imran Ahmad Izzuddin, Andre Das, Ying Yee Gan, Tan Shong Sheng, Jia yng Siaw, Mohd Fadliyazid Ab Rahim, Dyg Zahratul Hamrak Abang Jamari, Nurfariza Che Husin, Muhd Yusairi Kamarulzaman, Yi Ping Lim, Nil Amri Mohamed Kamil, Mohd Razeen Mohd Hassan, Saidah Mohd Sahid, Johari Mustafa, Elaine Hui Been Ng, Wan Khamizar Wan Khazim, Ng Chang Ern, P.g. Lingeshan, Syariz Ezuan Sulaiman, Sue Ean Ang, Muhammad Navid Bin Mohamad Sithik, Yih Jeng Cheong, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Law Jia Xian, Aravinthan Kadravello, I-Ern Koh, Li-Yen Ng, Yuki Julius Ng We Yong, Kandasami Palayan, Chi Xuan Sam, Phuah Siow Jin, Jeremy Tan Ern Hwei, Yita Tang, Alvin Zubin Ter, Michael Pak-Kai Wong, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria, Zaidi Zakaria, Fitjerald Henry, Thyivya Kalaiselvan, Muhammad Fairuz Shah Abd Karim, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, Nora Abdul Aziz, Tak Loon Khong, Peng Choong Lau, Hiong Chin Lim, April Camilla Roslani, Jonathan Chen Ken Seak, Sui-Weng Wong, Lai Fen Wong, Leow Yeen Chin, Mercy Chinemerem Anyanwu, Zachary Busuttil, Thomas Calleja, Kurt Lee Chircop, Ruth Cutajar, Andrew Michael Dimech, Joseph Galea, Kiara Gascon Perai, Ruth Gatt, Lisa Kelman, Elizabeth Micallef, Favour Nwolu, Kim Sammut, Joanna Thompson, Sean Warwicker, Matthew Zammit, Fernando Cordera, Efraín Cruz González, Jorge Sánchez-García, Francisco José Barbosa Camacho, Francisco Javier Barrera López, Carlos Jose Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle, Eric Acosta, Iván Romarico González Espinoza, Perla Moreno, Ana Olivia Cortes-Flores, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Samantha Corro Díaz González, Laura Martinez, Bonifacio Mosqueda Amador, Armando Novoa, Dennet Arturo Olazo Espejo, Alejandro Jimenez, Federico Lopez Rosales, Elva Gabriela Vanoye, Luis Alberto Garcia Gonzalez, Roberto Carlos Miranda-Ackerman, Manuel Solano-Genesta, Alethia Alvarez-Cano, Hector Hugo Romero-Garza, Heriberto Medina-Franco, Lorelí Mejía-Fernández, Noel Salgado-Nesme, Omar Vergara-Fernandez, Guadalupe Montserrat Gutiérrez-Mota, Francisco Xavier Hernandez Vera, Anabella Llantada Lopez, Gilberto Morgan Villela, Felipe de Jesus Ramirez Padilla, Walezka Tapia Marin, Mónica Martínez Maldonado, Ramses Sánchez Suárez, José Manuel Troche, Chaymae Benyaiche, Oumaima Outani, Souadka Amine, Amine Benkabbou, Anass Mohammed Majbar, Raouf Mohsine, Ali Rafik, Thida Oung, Moe Moe Tin, Philipp Plarre, Anna Alberga, Nina Sluiter, Jurriaan Tuynman, Robin Blok, Didem Cömert, Roel Hompes, Marianne Kalff, Merel Elisabeth Stellingwerf, Pieter Tanis, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Elise Maria van Praag, Daan Wisselink, Michael Gerhards, Josephine Lopes Cardozo, Emma Westerduin, Joske de Jonge, Aaw van Geloven, Kaz van Schilt, Frank den Boer, Simone Stoots, Stijn Vlek, Jamie Adams, Ibrahim S. Al-Busaidi, Gabrielle Budd, Seung il Choi, Michael Jen Jie Chu, Anurag Ganugapati, Lucy McKinstry, Rebecca Pascoe, Simon Richards, Kenrick Rosser, Annie Stevenson, Rebecca White, Shebani Farik, Jin Kwun, Ahmed Murad, Sarah Cowan, Timothy Hall, Michael Hayton, Laminou Malam Sani, Souleymane Oumarou Garba, Ibrahim Amadou Magagi, Oumarou Habou, Halima Aliyu, Muhammad Daniyan, Tunde T. Sholadoye, Lawal Abdullahi, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Aminu Mohammad Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Abdurrahman Abba Sheshe, Ibrahim Suleiman, Alaba Adesina, Ajibola Awolowo, Clement Onuoha, Omotayo Salami, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Agboola Taiwo, Stephen Kache, Jerry Godfrey Makama, Danjuma Sale, Olajide Abiola, Akinlabi Ajao, Anthony Ajiboye, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Julius Olaogun, Ademola Adebanjo, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Michael Olatunji Afolayan, Olanrewaju Balogun, Ayomide Makanjuola, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Wale Ojewola, Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdul-Rashid Adesunkanmi, Augustine Agbakwuru, Adeleke Akeem Aderogba, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Olukayode Arowolo, Oladejo Lawal, Tajudeen Mohammed, Chinedu Ndegbu, Olalekan Olasehinde, Funmilola Wuraola, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Arinzechukwu Mosanya, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Akeem Lawal, Samuel Ali SANI, Stephen Garba, Rebecca Hauwa SANI, Samson Olori, Henry Onyebuashi, Ifeanyi Umoke, Adedire Adenuga, Ademola Adeyeye, Olufemi Habeeb, Bashir Lawal, Abdulrasheed Nasir, Eirik Kjus Aahlin, Didrik Kjønås, Elisabeth Myrseth, Jibran Abbasy, Abdul Alvi, Omair Saleem, Asma Afzal, Anam Nazir, Muhammad Farooq, Ayesha Liaqat, Syed Asghar Naqi, Ali Raza, Muzna Sarfraz, Muhammad Sarwar, Muntaha Banglani, Ambreen Munir, Rahmat Sehrish, Bushra Ayub, Raza Sayyed, Amna Altaf, Saima Ayub, Komal Saeed, Bilal Syed, Sana Amir Akbar, Abdul Wahid Anwer, Ruqayya Naheed Khan, Amina Iqbal Khan, Shahid Khattak, Sameen Mohtasham, Muhammad Asad Parvaiz, Aamir Ali Syed, Abdul Basit Ansari, Noman Shahzad, Tanwir Khaliq, Isbah Rashid, Shahzad Hussain Waqar, Hasan Abu Al-saleem, Amjad Abu Alqumboz, Mohammad Alqadi, Adham Amro, Rawan Assa, Eman Awesat, Rawan Ayyad, Mohammed Hammad, Ayat Haymony, Bassel Hijazi, Bara Hmeidat, Rowaa Lahaseh, Aseel Qawasmi, Alaa Rajabi, Mohammed Shehada, Sundus Shkokani, Yasmine Yaghi, Nadine Yaghi, Mohammad AlZohour, Mohammad Farid, Yousef Mahmoud Habes, Wesam Juba, Yanal Nubani, Abdelrahman Rabee, Mohammad Sa'deh, Saeed Abed, Iyad Al basos, Mohammad Alswerki, Dina Ashour, Israa Awad, Samar Diab, Alaa El Jamassi, Sahar El-Kahlout, Somaya Elhout, Ahmed N K Hajjaj, Doaa Hasanain, Baraa Nabil hajjaj, Mohammed Obaid, Eman Saikaly, Ahmed Salhi, Hiba Al-Tammam, Murad Almasri, Muath Baniowda, Doha Beshtawi, Ali Horoub, Rami Misk, Bayan Mohammad, Rami Qasrawi, Tasnim Sholi, Samar Abu-Nimeh, Abrar Abu-srour, Sadi A. Abukhalaf, Samer Adawi, Barah Alsalameh, Kholoud Ayesh, Muawiyah Elqadi, Ahmad Hammouri, Fatima Karim Mustafa, Natalie Marzouqa, Shatha Melhem, Dima Miqdad, Balqees Mohamad, Mhammed Rawhi, Ayman B. Abu Ahammala, Ahmed Abu Ataya, Israa Abu Jayyab, Samar Al-Shwaikh, Othman Alagha, Mohammed Alasttal, Haneen Awadallah, Mahmood Elblbessy, Jehad Fares, Akram Jarbou, Ibtisam Mahfouz, Moath A. Albahnasawi, Asmaa' Abo mahadi, Hasan Abuelhatal, Ayham Abuelqomboz, Abdelrahman Almoqayyad, Abdallah Alwali, Reem Balaawi, Mahmoud Hamouda, Mohammed Humeid, Abdullah Jedyan, Tasneem Mahmoud Abu hamam, Ghadeer Matar, Ali Salem, Tahani Samra, Nureddin Shaheen, Karam Shihada, Ayoob A.Nemer, Mahmoud Abu Al Amrain, Abdulwhhab Abu Alamrain, Najlaa Abu Jamie, Mohammed R. Abu-Rous, Nada Alfarra, Mohammed AlTaweel, Noor Alwhaidi, Ramadan Hamed, Bader Saqqa, Ahmad Shaheen, Dana Aljaber, Loay Aljaberi, Malak Alwaheidi, Assef Jawaada, Hani Khaldi, Rami Qahoush, Jalil Qari, Rana Saadeh, Ahlam Salim, Aseel Yacoub, Abbas Abbas, Rana Abu shua`ib, Baraa Abu Zainah, Mahmoud AbuSirrees, Basheer Babaa, Ola Barhoush, Asef Belal qadomi, Laith Daraghmeh, Reema Haji, Alaa Khatatbeh, Lana Khatib, Salsabeel Qarariah, Yara Quzmar, Khalil Safadi, Roqaya Salameh, Mohammad Hassan, Shifaa Herzallah, Loai Massad, Ahmed Nazzal, Ranin Nazzal, Dennis Escobar, Gustavo Miguel Machain V, Agustin Rodriguez Gonzalez, Jorge Emerson Chachaima Mar, Nathaly Olga Chinchihualpa Paredes, Vicente Cuba, Walter Lopez, Maria Milagros Niquen Jimenez, Nestor Alberto Sanchez Bartra, Olenka Sapallanay Ojeda, Diego Sequeiros, Andrea Toscano Pacheco, María Vergara, Sol Abarca, Rodrigo Alcorta, Giuliano Borda-Luque, Ivan Edward Eusebio Zegarra, Claudia Luján López, Mirella Marrufo, Cinthya Mogrovejo, Andrea Nomura, Yamile Rodríguez Angeles, Maitza Rosario Vidal Meza, Gabriela Zavala, José Neiser Castillo Arrascue, Jomara Caroline Hidrogo Cabrera, José Julio Mariano Larrea vera, Miguel Osorio, Edgar Alcides Ylatoma Díaz, Mark Anthony Fontanilla, Joseph Roy Fuentes, Anna Leah Salazar, Genieve Dominguez, Marc Paul Lopez, Shiela Macalindong, Mark Augustine Onglao, Arjel Ramirez, Marie Dione Sacdalan, Mayou Martin Tampo, Gemma Leonora Uy, Jeremiah Mangahas, Kenneth Yabut, Joannes Paul Cañete, Bernalynn Eris Cansana, Ernes John Castro, Maria Kaiserin Lipana, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Vlu Jean Zara, Maciej Chrol, Paula Franczak, Michal Orlowski, Piotr Budzynski, Andrzej Budzynski, Pawel Bury, Agata Czerwinska, Jadwiga Dworak, Jacek Dziedzic, Michal Kisielewski, Jan Kulawik, Anna Lasek, Piotr Malczak, Marcin Migaczewski, Michal Pedziwiatr, Magdalena Pisarska, Dorota Radkowiak, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Anna Rzepa, Tomasz Skoczylas, Maciej Stanek, Katarzyna Truszkiewicz, Mateusz Wierdak, Marek Winiarski, Piotr Zarzycki, Anna Zub-Pokrowiecka, Piotr Kowalewski, Rafal Roszkowski, Maciej Waledziak, Miguel Tomé, Sara Patrocinio, Ines Guerreiro, Filipe Almeida, Xavier de Sousa, Nuno Monteiro, Maria Teresa Costa Santos, Daniela de Oliveira, Marta Lopes Serra, Daniela Morgado, Christian Neves, Ana Carolina Oliveira, Alice Pimentel, Sofia Silva, Márcia Carvalho, Lúcia Carvalho, Joana Magalhães, Leonor Matos, Tânia Monteiro, Carlota Ramos, Vanessa Santos, José Barbosa, Jose Costa-Maia, Vítor Devezas, Ana Fareleira, Cristina Fernandes, Diana Gonçalves, Henrique Mora, Marina Morais, Fabiana Silva de Sousa, Sara Catarino Santos, Ana Logrado, André Tojal, Edgar Amorim, Miguel F. Cunha, Ana Fazenda, João Pedro Melo Neves, Inês Isabel Sampaio da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel, Diogo Veiga, José Azevedo, Hugo Cardoso Louro, Mariana Leite, Maria Bairos Menezes, Bárbara Gama, Diana Brito, Marta Cristina Cruz Martins, André Graça e Magalhães, Ana Catarina Longras, Rita Lourenço, Diana Matos, Luis Castro, Filipa Policarpo, Joana Romano, Cristina Monteiro, Diogo Pinto, Marina Duarte, Sónia Fortuna Martins, Mariline Oliveira, Diogo Galvão, Lisandra Martins, Anaisa Silva, Viorel Taranu, Bárbara Vieira, Jessica Neves, Simone Oliveira, Hugo Ribeiro, Margarida Cinza, Rosa Felix, Arnaldo Machado, Joana Oliveira, Joana Patrício, Rita Pedroso de Lima, Mário Pereira, Miguel Rocha Melo, Cristina Velez, Alberto Abreu da Silva, Mariana Claro, Daniel Costa Santos, Andreia Ferreira, Hugo Capote, Daniela Rosado, Filipa Taré, Oriana Nogueira, Miguel Ângelo, José Miguel Baiao, Andreia Guimarães, João Marques, Miguel Nico Albano, Marta Silva, Ana Valente da Costa, Teresa Vieira Caroço, Sara Almeida Braga, Ines Capunge, Marta Fragoso, João Guimarães, Bruno Pinto, João Ribeiro, Miguel Angel, Guilherme Fialho, Monica Guerrero, Filipa Campos Costa, Diogo Cardoso, Vasco Cardoso, Magda Alves, Inês Estalagem, Tiago Louro, Cláudia Marques, Rita Martelo, Miguel Morgado, Rita Canotilho, Ana Margarida Correia, Pedro Martins, Mariana Peyroteo, João Gomes, Rita Monteiro, Manuela Romano, Daniela Macedo Alves, Rita Peixoto, Catarina Quintela, Maria João Jervis, Débora Melo, André Pacheco, Valter Paixão, Vera Pedro, Joana Pimenta, João Pimenta de Castro, Ana Rocha, Mircea Beuran, Cezar Ciubotaru, Bogdan Diaconescu, Sorin Hostiuc, Ionut Negoi, Bogdan Stoica, NA NA, Evgeny Anokhin, Georgy Kuznetsov, Giorgi Oganezov, Fedor Paramzin, Ekaterina Romanova, Valeryan Rutkovskii, Vasilii Rutkovskii, Mikhail Shushval, Mikhail Zabiyaka, Khasan Dzhumabaev, Valerii Ivanov, Zaman Mamedli, Sergey Achkasov, Artem Balkarov, Elnur Nabiev, Marat Nagudov, Evgeny Rybakov, Karina Saifutdinova, Oleg Sushkov, Lule Joseph, Isaac Ndayishimiye, Ntirenganya Faustin, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Jean Paul Mvukiyehe, Vizir J.P Nsengimana, Carine Uwakunda, Mohammad Monir Abbas, Nouf Akeel, Murad Aljiffry, Kholoud Awaji, Ali Farsi, Ghader Jamjoum, Ahmad Khoja, Ashraf Maghrabi, Nadim Malibary, Mohammed Nassif, Abdulaziz Saleem, Abdullah Sultan, Wail Tashkandi, Hanaa Tashkandi, Nora Trabulsi, Mouhamadou Bachir Ba, Adja Coumba Diallo, Abdourahmane Ndong, Vladica Cuk, Uroš Jankovic, Sharon Zhiling Koh, Frederick Koh, Kuok Chung Lee, Kai Yin Lee, Sean Lee, Wei Qi Leong, Su Ann Lui, Prajwala Prakash, Jan Grosek, Gregor Norcic, Ales Tomazic, Nicolas Fitchat, Robert Jaich, Devorah Wineberg, Modise Zacharia Koto, Daniella Baiocchi, Damian Clarke, Christina Johanna Steenkamp, Sharon Bannister, Adam Boutall, Galya Chinnery, Anna Coccia, Angela Dell, Parveen Karjiker, Christo Kloppers, Nicholas Loxton, Tumi Mabogoane, Francois Malherbe, Eugenio Panieri, Shreya Rayamajhi, Tirsa van Wyngaard, Claire Warden, T E Madiba, Nivashen Pillay, Savannah Brooks, Charlise Kruger, Lisa Hannah Van Der Merwe, Ferhana Gool, Maahir Kariem, Heather Bougard, Nazmie Kariem, Fazlin Noor, Reantha Pillay, Leandi Steynfaardt, Lucía González González, José Miguel Marín Santos, Paula Martín-Borregón, Javier Martínez Caballero, Cristina Nevado García, Pastora Rodriguez Fraga, Gonzalo De Castro Parga, Maria Pilar Fernández Veiga, Lucía Garrido López, Hugo Infante Pino, Irene Lages Cal, Marta López Otero, Manuel Nogueira Sixto, Marta Paniagua García Señorans, Laura Rodríguez Fernández, Alejandro Ruano Poblador, Erika Rufo Crespo, Raquel Sanchez-Santos, Vincenzo Vigorita, Ester Alonso Batanero, Dorisme Asnel, Isabel Cifrian Canales, Elisa Contreras Saiz, Irene De Santiago Alvarez, Tamara Díaz Vico, Sebastian Fernandez Arias, Daniel Fernández Martínez, Carmen García Bernardo, Luis Joaquín García Flórez, Carmen Garcia Gutierrez, Manuel García Munar, Carlos Alberto Márquez Zorrilla Molina, Marta Merayo, José Luis Michi Campos, Maria Moreno Gijon, Jorge L. Otero-Diez, Jose Luis Rodicio Miravalles, Lorena Solar-Garcia, Aida Suárez Sánchez, Nuria Truan, Cristina Alejandre Villalobos, Yurena Caballero Díaz, Marta Jimenez, Dacil Montesdeoca, Antonio Navarro-Sánchez, Victor Vega, Juan Beltrán de Heredia, Zahira Gómez, Carlos Jezieniecki, Ana Patricia Legido Morán, Mario Montes-Manrique, Mario Rodriguez-Lopez, María Ruiz Soriano, Jeancarlos Trujillo Díaz, Andrea Vazquez Fernandez, Nuria Argudo, Miguel Pera, Laia Torrent Jansà, Melody García Domínguez, Ignacio Goded, Marta Roldón Golet, Issa Talal El-Abur, Alejandra Utrilla Fornals, Vanesa Zambrana Campos, Maria Del Mar Aguilar Martinez, Marina Bosch, Luis García-Catalá, Luis Sánchez-Guillén, Eva Artigau, Nuria Gomez Romeu, David Julià Bergkvist, Beatriz Espina Perez, Olga Morató, Carles Olona, Beatriz Diéguez, Alexander Forero-Torres, Manuel Losada, Segundo Gomez-Abril, Paula Gonzálvez, Rosario Martinez, Sergio Navarro Martínez, Carmen Payá-Llorente, Álvaro Pérez Rubio, Sandra Santarrufina Martinez, Juan Carlos Sebastián Tomás, Ramon Trullenque Juan, Alberto Gegúndez Simón, Paloma Maté, Maria Isabel Prieto-Nieto, Ines Rubio-Perez, Aitor Urbieta, Marina Vicario Bravo, David Abelló, Matteo Frasson, Alvaro Garcia-Granero, Alfredo Abad Gurumeta, Ane Abad-Motos, Elena Lucena-de Pablo, Beatriz Nozal, Javier Ripollés-Melchor, Rut Salvachúa, Esther Ferrero, Luis Garcia-Sancho Tellez, Antonio L. Picardo, Jose Alberto Rojo López, Laura Patricia Zorrilla Matilla, Carmen Cagigas Fernandez, Sonia Castanedo Bezanilla, José Estevez Tesouro, Maria Jose Fernandez-Diaz, Juan García Cardo, Marcos Gomez Ruiz, Erik Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi, Jaime Jimeno Fraile, Cristobal Poch, Montserrat Rodriguez-Aguirre, Noemí Troche Pesqueira, Maria Soledad Trugeda-Carrera, Javier de la Torre, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Eloy Espin-Basany, Martin Espinosa-Bravo, Clara Morales Comas, Eduardo Reyes Afonso, Joaquín Rivero Déniz, Christian Siso Raber, Mireia Verdaguer Tremolosa, Pramodh Chandrasinghe, Sumudu Kumarage, Nimeshi Wijekoon Arachchilage, Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel, Mohammed A. Adam, Nina Blomme, Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen, Andreas Älgå, Dhirar Ansarei, Fuat Celebioglu, Göran Heinius, Linda Nigard, Emil Pieniowski, Sandra Ahlqvist, Ida Björklund, Andreas Frånberg, Martina Håkansson, Karin Adamo, Oskar Franklin, Malin Sund, Rebecca Wiberg, Yvette Andersson, Abbas Chabok, Maziar Nikberg, Alexander Kugelberg, Claudia Canonica, Dimitrios Christoforidis, Fabrizio Fasolini, Paolo Gaffuri, Mauro Giuliani, Francesco Meani, Sotirios Georgios Popeskou, Silvia Pozza, Wiebke Wandschneider, Lorenz Peterer, Lukas Werner Widmer, Bernd Zimmermann, Panagiotis Bakoleas, Iris Chanousi, Lydia Charalampidou, Lukasz Filip Grochola, Franziska Heid, Sotirios Ntaoulas, Michail Outos, Georgios Peros, Hanna Podolska-Skoczek, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Christian Zielasek, Nicolas Demartines, Jérôme Gilgien, Amaniel Kefleyesus, Pénélope St-Amour, Arnaud Toussaint, Maryam Alhimyar, Bayan Alsaid, Amr Alyafi, Ahmad Alkhaledi, Basel Kouz, Ahmad Omarain, Yusra Al-Sabbagh, Haya Alkhatib, Samer Sara, Ahmad Alhaj, Aghyad Danial, Lama Kadoura, Sarah Maa Albared, Yamen Monawar, Louei Nahas, Barook Abd, Ahmad Saad, Habib Wakkaf, Hatem Bouzaiene, Montassar Ghalleb, Elif Akaydin, Ata Cem Akbaba, Onur Atakul, Ege Baltaci, Sevval Besli, Gökçen Burgu, Ulukan Cenal, Cansu de Muijnck, Hasan Can Demirkaya, Alper Dogruoz, Zeynep Ipek Gezer, Yasemin Gündogdu, Merve Kara, Hasan Kürsad Korkmaz, Gökalp Kagan Kurtoglu, Volkan Ozben, Berk Baris Ozmen, Ahmet Murat Pektas, Eda Kübra Sel, Nilüfer Yenidünya, Fuat Baris Bengur, Berke Mustafa Oral, Tahir Koray Yozgatli, Seymur Abdullayev, Mehmet Emin Gunes, Nuri Alper Sahbaz, Tuba Banaz, Kübra Kargici, Omer Faruk Kuyumcu, Erkan Yanikoglu, Merve Yesilsancak, Duygu Yilmaz, Melik Kagan Aktas, Ahmet Rencuzogullari, Arda Isik, Sezai Leventoglu, Ali Yalçinkaya, Osman Yüksel, Mustafa U Kalayci, Yasin Kara, Inanc Samil Sarici, Alp Akin, Gökçe nur Alemdag, Ekin Arslan, Bahadir Emre Baki, Muhammed Selim Bodur, Adnan Calik, Bahar Candas Altinbas, Irem Cihanyurdu, Oguz Erkul, Burak Gül, Ali Guner, Beyza Köse, Anil Semiz, Sule Sevim, Serkan Tayar, Kadir Tomas, Ozan yavuz Tüfek, Serdar Türkyilmaz, Mehmet Ulusahin, Arif Usta, Reyyan Yildirim, Sertaç Ata Güler, Ozan Can Tatar, Ecenur Varol, Busenur Kirimtay, Muhammed Uysal, Alp Yildiz, Emin Kose, Ahmet Burak Ciftci, Elif Çolak, Huseyin Eraslan, Gultekin Ozan Kucuk, Kürsat Yemez, Herman Lule, Mumbere Bienfait, Emmanuel Bua, Noella Okalany, Maksym Basarab, Oleksii Bielosludtsev, Kateryna Kolhanova, Kateryna Perepelytsia, Kateryna Romanukha, Dmytro Savenkov, Stanislav Siryi, Maksym Tereshchenko, Nezamai Viacheslav, Anton Volovetskyi, Andrey Kebkalo, Yegor Tryliskyy, Volodimir Tyselskiy, Eilidh Bruce, Bing Lun Chow, Emma Iddles, Sarah McGuckin, Nicola Newall, George Ramsay, Parivrudh Sharma, Caitlin Stewart, Jeremy Wong, Abdul Badran, Michael Bath, Fanny Belais, Eman Butt, Kaustuv Joshi, Milan Kapur, Mike Shaw, Adam Townson, Christopher Yee Khang Williams, Timothy Gray, Robert Greig, Mansoor Husain, Elspeth Murray, Ahmed Mustafa, Ashar Asif, Arya Gokul, Max Shah, Mabel Temisanren Akitikori, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sophie Davidson, Sinead McNally, Shamil Rupani, Fatema Juma, Sarah Catherine Mills, Laura Muirhead, Kate Sellars, Una Walsh, Oliver Warren, Alice Chambers, Richard Hunt, Stephen Boyce, Hannah Cornwall, Isabel Tol, Eleftherios Orestis Argyriou, Nicola Eardley, Meical Povey, Joanna M S Aithie, Ahmer Irfan, Mari-Claire McGuigan, Robert Starr, Craig Russell Warren, Jess Archibald, Georgia Kirby, Ivan Kisyov, Chun Kheng Khoo, Rachel Lee, Dana Photiou, Rowan Davis, Uday Prasad, P Zichu Yang, Jonathan Bird, Edmund Leung, Virginia Summerour, Chelise Currow, Jianshen Kiam, Gerald Jack Soon Tan, Anitha Muthusami, Ibifunke Pegba-Otemolu, Tomas Urbonas, Joseph Nunoo-Mensah, Edgaras Smolskas, Alex Boddy, Gianpiero Gravante, David Hunter, David Andrew, Amanda Koh, Amari Thompson, Lawrence Adams, Hollie A Clements, Kasun De Silva, Ogbonnia Ekpete, Seraj Haque, Scott Henderson, Bilal Ibrahim, Thummini Jayasinghe, Jennifer Livie, Keir Mailley, Gopikrishnan Nair, Daniel Tan, Caitlin Baggaley, Aleksander Dawidziuk, Bartosz Szyszka, Charlotte Barter, Nirav Gandhi, Karen Hassell, Samantha Hitchin, Jennett Kelsall, Eva Nagy, Ashrafun Nessa, Lisa Whisker, Fady Yanni, Mahmoud Ali, Deeksha Arora, Sunanda Hediwattege, Navam Kumarasinghe, Munir Rathore, Athula Tennakoon, Syed Mustafa Ali Ahmad, Oreoluwa Bajomo, Fahema Nadira, Valerio Celentano, Ewen Griffiths, Rama Santhosh Karri, Jason Kei Chak Mak, Michelle Pipe, Muhammad Iqbal Bhatti, Mohamed Rabie, Connor Boyle, David Hamilton, Aishath Mihuna, James Chean Khun Ng, Gary Nicholson, Agata Oliwa, Robert Pearson, Anna Rose, Shun Qi Yong, Catherine Boereboom, Michael Hanna, Catherine Walter, Thomas Samuel Greensmith, Rachel Mitchell, Eimear Monaghan, James Crawford, Susan Moug, James Blackwell, Hannah Boyd-Carson, Philip Herrod, Omar Al-Allaf, Miriam Beattie, Cameron Bullock, Shivang Burman, Gemma Clark, Nicolas Flamey, Oliver Flannery, Alexander Harding, Ben Kodiatt, Samuel Lawday, Shivani Mahapatra, Navin Mukundu Nagesh, Michael Ng, Dupinderjit Rye, Andrel Yoong, Laura Clark, Chris Deans, Monisha Edirisooriya, Emma Victoria Carrington, Tsz Lun Ernest Wong, Baasil Yusuf, Carla Chamberlain, Kathryn Duke, Elizabeth Kmiotek, Azel Botes, Natalie Condie, Timothy Schrire, Reena Shah, Iolo Thomas-Jones, Charlotte Yates, Natasha Anthony, Edward Matthews, Kapil Sahnan, James Tankel, Sally Tucker, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Paul Ziprin, William Duggan, Anastasia Kantartzi, Shruthi Sridhar, Rachel Alys Khaw, Prakhar Srivastava, Charlotte Underwood, Homero Alves do Canto Brum, Sharat Chopra, Laura Davis, Rebecca Hughes, Joshua Tulley, Justin Alberts, Thomas Athisayaraj, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Kasim Ahmad, Claudia Chan, Gavin Chapman, Hannah Fleming, Benjamin Fox, Julia Grewar, Kate Hulse, Duncan Rutherford, Mackay Sinead, Scott Smith, Doug Speake, Peter G Vaughan-Shaw, Natasha Christodoulides, Simrit Kudhail, Matthew Welch, Syed Muhibullah Husaini, Simon Lambracos, Chikamuche Anyanwu, Rishi Suresh, Jimmy Scott Thomas, Elizabeth Gleeson, Rebecca Platoff, Areeba Saif, Zachary Enumah, Eric Etchill, Alodia Gabre-Kidan, Mitchell Bernstein, Francesco Maria Carrano, Joseph Connors, Patricio Lynn, Marcovalerio Melis, Elliot Newman, Deshka S Foster, Kenneth Perrone, Ashley Titan, Sarwat Ahmad, Andrea Chao M.D. Bafford, Marco Dal Molin, Nader Hanna, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Mark Hemmila, Lena Napolitano, Jane J Wong, Julia Chandler, Lauren Wood, Sherry Wren, Taylor Ottesen, Lucia You, Kristin Yu, María del pilar Arciénega Yañez, Martin Ferreira Fernandes, Daniel González, Santiago Cubas, María Catalina González, Vanessa Zubiaurre, Rodrigo Demolin, Nicolas Giroff, Pablo Sciuto, Maite Campos, Gabriela Rodríguez Cantera, Garg Deepika, Elliot Simuchimba, Anadi Bulaya, Chali Chibuye, Bright Chirengendure, Mary-Rose Kabale, Kizito Kabongo, James Munthali, Oliver Mweso, Francis Pikiti, James Otieno, Log Tung Lai, Brighid Blackman, Sophie Richards, Suren Subramaniam, Rafid Karim, Nathan Kok, Yanni Dion Lee, Shabina Ali, Aanjaneya Sinha, Robert Corrigan, Nicole Barnes, Florence Wong, Grace Dennis, Julia Jedamzik, Emil Phillips, Wivine Piette, Marie Van hentenryck, Houenoukpo Koco, Souliath Lawani, Mamo Woldu Kassa, Tainá Santos Bezerra, Petar Gribnev, Dobromir Dimitrov, Panche Krastev, Sovannarith Oum, Divine Tim Bonghaseh, Maryam Al Farsi, Nourah Alsharqawi, Veronica Acevedo, Andrea Carolina Castillo Barbosa, Felipe Giron, Jimmy Paul Leon Rodriguez, Darko Kucan, Damir Rosko, Neven Barsic, Domagoj Župan, Amgad Hegazi, Vendula Truncíková, Vladimir Fryba, Mostafa Mohamed, Ahmed Sultan, Ahmed Nagi, Abdallah Rashad Temerik, Mohamed Elemam Elshawy, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Shrouk Omar, Mohamed Anwar, Tarek Rageh, Aya Elmokadem, Khaled Gaballa, Sandra Teppo, Antti Turunen, Pasi Pengermä, Quentin Ballouhey, Damien Bergeat, Ariane Weyl, Elisabeth Hain, Adam Gyedu, Edwin Yenli, Dorcas 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Castilla Moreno M.A., Genov G., Ilieva I., Ivanov T., Karamanliev M., Khan A., Mitkov E., Yotsov T., Atanasov B., Belev N., Slavchev M., Nsengiyumva C., Jones E., Stock S., Kyota S., Brown J., Mabanza K. T., Nigo Samuel L., Otuneme C., Prosper N., Umenze F., Boutros M., Caminsky N., Dumitra S., Garfinkle R., Morency D., Salama E., Banks A., Ferri L., He H., Katz A., Liberman A.S., Meterissian S., Pang A., Parvez E., Hameed U., Osman F., Sequeira S., Coburn N., Jaffer A., Karanicolas P., Mosseler M., Musselman R., Liu X., Yip C.W., Garces-Otero J.S., Guzman C., Sierra S., Uribe Valencia A., Cabrera Rivera P.A., Camelo S., Gonzalez A., Gonzalez-Orozco A., Mosquera Paz M.S., Perez Rivera C.J., Gonzalez F., Isaza-Restrepo A., Nino- Torres L., Arias Madrid N., Mendoza Arango M.C., Tsandiraki J., Jemendzic D., Kocman B., Suman O., Canic R., Jurisic D., Karakas I., Krizanovic Rupcic A., Pitlovic V., Samardzic J., Kopljar M., Bacic I., Domini E., Karlo R., Miljanic D., Simic A., Ahmed M., Al Nassrallah M., Altaf R., Amjad T., Eltoum R., Haidar H., Hassan A., Khalil O., Qasem M., Ramesh R., Sajith G., Wisal M., Zatecky J., Bujda M., Jirankova K., Paclik A., Abdallah A., Abdulgawad Almogy M., Ayman El-sawy E., ElFayoumy A.M., Elghareeb N., Esmat N.A., Fadel A., Habater A., Hamdy H., Hefni A., Kamal M., Mohamed Abobakr N., Sayed A., Shaker N., Taha E., Tharwat H., Zakaria O., Abdelmotaleb I., Al-Dhufri A., Al-Himyari H.S., El sheikh E., Eldmaty A., Elkhalawy A., M.Elkhashen A., Magdy K., Mostafa S., Sadia H.D., Saleh M.M., Samir D., Yahia Mohamed Ali M., A. Nassar M., Abdelhady S., Abdelrazek A., Abdelsalam I., El-Sawy A., Essam E., Gadelkarim M., Ghaly K., Hassabalnaby M., Masarani R., Mohamed Shaaban N., Sabry A., Salem M., Soliman N.A., Zahran D., Abou El.soud M.R., Badr E.T., Borham H., Elmeslemany N., Elsayed M., Elsherif F., Eslam S., Gaber G., Ibrahim S., Kamh Y., Mohamed S.G., Morshedy E., Omar C., Salem Soliman F., Abdelkawy S., Abdelmohsen N., Abdelshakour M., Dahy A., Gamal N., Gamal M., Hasan A., Hetta H., Mousa N., Omar M., Rabie S., Saad M., Saleh B., Sayed Mohamed M., Shawqi M., Abdelhady Mousa H., Alnoury M., Elbealawy M., Elshafey A., Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed M., Ghonaim M., Hgag F., Ibrahim M., Morsy M., Reda Loaloa M., Refaat A., Samir H., Shahien F., Sobhy M., Sroor F., Abdellatif E., Adel M., Afifi A.A., Afifi E., Antaky M., Dawoud A., El Zoghby N., El-remaily A., Elzanfaly A.A., Gadallah A., Gamal F.A., Hashem O., Medhat Youssef S., Muhammad Attyah A., Munir M., Shazly O., Wilson K., Adel S., Ali A., 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S., Alherz M., Ather M., Bajilan M., Graziadei V., Pilkington I., Quidwai O., Ridgway P., Shiwani H., Tahir A.A.-R., Blunnie E., Burke D., Kennedy N., Macdonagh K., O'Neill M., Rooney S., Falco G., Ferrari G., Mele S., Nita G.E., Ugoletti L., Zizzo M., Confalonieri G., Pesenti G., Tagliabue F., Baronio G., Ongaro D., Pata G., Compagnoni B., Salvadori R., Taglietti L., D'Alessandro N., Di Lascio P., Pascale G., Bortolasi L., Campagnaro T., Carlini M., Lisi G., Lombardi D., Pedrazzani C., Spoletini D., Turri G., Violi P., Altomare D.F., Aquilino F., Musa N., Papagni V., Picciariello A., Vincenti L., Andreotti D., Occhionorelli S., Tondo M., Basso S.M.M., Cirelli R., Maino M.E.M., Piozzi G.N., Picone E., Scaramuzzo R., Sinibaldi G., Amendola A., Anastasio L., Bucci L., Caruso E., Castaldi A., Di Maso S., Dinuzzi V.P., Esposito G., Gaudiello M., Giglio M.C., Greco P.A., Luglio G., Manfreda A., Marra E., Mastella F., Pagano G., Peltrini R., Pepe V., Sacco M., Sollazzo V., Spiezio G., 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G., Morshedy, E., Omar, C., Salem Soliman, F., Abdelkawy, S., Abdelmohsen, N., Abdelshakour, M., Dahy, A., Gamal, N., Gamal, M., Hasan, A., Hetta, H., Mousa, N., Omar, M., Rabie, S., Saad, M., Saleh, B., Sayed Mohamed, M., Shawqi, M., Abdelhady Mousa, H., Alnoury, M., Elbealawy, M., Elshafey, A., Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, M., Ghonaim, M., Hgag, F., Ibrahim, M., Morsy, M., Reda Loaloa, M., Refaat, A., Samir, H., Shahien, F., Sobhy, M., Sroor, F., Abdellatif, E., Adel, M., Afifi, A. A., Afifi, E., Antaky, M., Dawoud, A., El Zoghby, N., El-remaily, A., Elzanfaly, A. A., Gadallah, A., Gamal, F. A., Hashem, O., Medhat Youssef, S., Muhammad Attyah, A., Munir, M., Shazly, O., Wilson, K., Adel, S., Ali, A., Eid, E., Elhelow, E., Elmahdy, M., Elshatby, B., Hossam el-din Zakaria, A., Hossny, A., Ibrahim, E., M. 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G., Hussein, M., Kandil, A. A., Moawad, M., Nasser Hamamah, A. A., Soliman, M., Abdelkhalek, M., Abdelmaksoud Tawakel, N., Abdelwahed, A. M., Abdou, A., Atallah, K., Elsherbeny, M. Y., Emara, E., Hamdy, M., Hamdy, O., Haron, A., Ismail, S., Metwally, I. H., Mohamed Hamed Elgaml, N., Nassar, A., Refky, B., Sadek, M., Saleh, M., Yunes, A., Zakaria, M., Zuhdy, M., Fayed, N., Mohammed, M. M. H., Kutner, S., Melnik, P., Seire, I., Umarik, T., Ainoa, E., Eerola, V., Koppatz, H., Koskenvuo, L., Sallinen, V., Takala, S., Katunin, J., Turunen, A., Christou, N., Mathonnet, M., Lavoue, V., Nyangoh Timoh, K., Soulabaille, L., Lesourd, R., Merdrignac, A., Sulpice, L., Andre, B., Chantalat, E., Vaysse, C., Dousset, B., Gaujoux, S., Martin, G., Clonda, O., Juodis, D., Kienle, K., Mravik, A., Palmer, S., Szabadhegyi, G., Agbeko, A. E., Gyabaah, S., Gyamfi, F. E., Naabo, N., Owusu senior, A., Yorke, J., Owusu, F., Abantanga, F., Anyomih, T. T. K., Muntaka, A. -J. M., Owusu Abem, E., Sheriff, M., Wondoh, P. M., Balalis, D., Korkolis, D., Gkiokas, G., Pantiora, E., Theodosopoulos, T., Ioannidis, A., Konstantinidis, K., Konstantinidou, S., Machairas, N., Paspala, A., Prodromidou, A., Chouliaras, C., Papadopoulos, K., Baloyiannis, I., Mamaloudis, I., Tzovaras, G., Akrida, I., Argentou, M. -I., Germanos, S., Iliopoulos, E., Maroulis, I., Skroubis, G., Theofanis, G., Chatzakis, C., Ioannidis, O., Loutzidou, L., Karathanasis, P., Michalopoulos, N., Theodoropoulos, C., Theodorou, D., Triantafyllou, T., Garoufalia, Z., Hasemaki, N., Kontos, M., Kouraklis, G., Kykalos, S., Liakakos, T., Mpaili, E., Papalampros, A., Schizas, D., Syllaios, A., Tampaki, E. C., Tsimpoukelis, A., Antonopoulou, M. I., Deskou, E., Manatakis, D. K., Papageorgiou, D., Zoulamoglou, M., Anthoulakis, C., Margaritis, M., Nikoloudis, N., Campo, V., Ceballos, A., Flores, M. -A., Giron, W., Ko, D., Martinez, G., Rivera Lara, V., Rueda, N., Sanchez, A., Tejeda Garrido, J. C. 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M., Rodriguez Gonzalez, A., Chachaima Mar, J. E., Chinchihualpa Paredes, N. O., Cuba, V., Lopez, W., Niquen Jimenez, M. M., Sanchez Bartra, N. A., Sapallanay Ojeda, O., Sequeiros, D., Toscano Pacheco, A., Vergara, M., Abarca, S., Alcorta, R., Borda-Luque, G., Eusebio Zegarra, I. E., Lujan Lopez, C., Marrufo, M., Mogrovejo, C., Nomura, A., Rodriguez Angeles, Y., Vidal Meza, M. R., Zavala, G., Castillo Arrascue, J. N., Hidrogo Cabrera, J. C., Larrea vera, J. J. M., Osorio, M., Ylatoma Diaz, E. A., Fontanilla, M. A., Fuentes, J. R., Salazar, A. L., Dominguez, G., Lopez, M. P., Macalindong, S., Onglao, M. A., Ramirez, A., Sacdalan, M. D., Tampo, M. M., Uy, G. L., Mangahas, J., Yabut, K., Canete, J. P., Cansana, B. E., Castro, E. J., Lipana, M. K., Roxas, M. F., Zara, V. 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P., Cagigas Fernandez, C., Castanedo Bezanilla, S., Estevez Tesouro, J., Fernandez-Diaz, M. J., Garcia Cardo, J., Gomez Ruiz, M., Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi, E., Jimeno Fraile, J., Poch, C., Rodriguez-Aguirre, M., Troche Pesqueira, N., Trugeda-Carrera, M. S., de la Torre, J., Blanco-Colino, R., Espin-Basany, E., Espinosa-Bravo, M., Morales Comas, C., Reyes Afonso, E., Rivero Deniz, J., Siso Raber, C., Verdaguer Tremolosa, M., Chandrasinghe, P., Kumarage, S., Wijekoon Arachchilage, N., Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel, A., A. Adam, M., Blomme, N., Thorell, A., Wogensen, F., Alga, A., Ansarei, D., Celebioglu, F., Heinius, G., Nigard, L., Pieniowski, E., Ahlqvist, S., Bjorklund, I., Franberg, A., Hakansson, M., Adamo, K., Franklin, O., Sund, M., Wiberg, R., Andersson, Y., Chabok, A., Nikberg, M., Kugelberg, A., Canonica, C., Christoforidis, D., Fasolini, F., Gaffuri, P., Giuliani, M., Meani, F., Popeskou, S. G., Pozza, S., Wandschneider, W., Peterer, L., Widmer, L. 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Akram, Zahran, Diaaaldin, Abou El Soud, Moustafa Ramadan, Badr, Esraa Tarek, Borham, Hala, Elmeslemany, Nehal, Elsayed, Mohammad, Elsherif, Fawzia, Eslam, Sara, Gaber, Gehad, Ibrahim, Sondos, Kamh, Yara, Mahmoud, Abdelrahman, Mohamed, Shimaa Gamal, Morshedy, Eman, Omar, Cinderella, Salem Soliman, Fatima, Abdelkawy, Shaza, Abdelmohsen, Naglaa, Abdelshakour, Mahmoud, Dahy, Ahmed, Gamal, Norhan, Gamal, Mohammed, Hasan, Ahmad, Hetta, Helal, Mousa, Nehad, Omar, Mohamed, Rabie, Somia, Saad, Mahmoud, Saleh, Bakeer, Sayed Mohamed, Marwa, Shawqi, Muhammad, Abdelhady Mousa, Heba, Alnoury, Mostafa, Elbealawy, Mohamed, Elshafey, Ahmed, Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, Muhammad, Ghonaim, Mennatullah, Hgag, Fawzy, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Morsy, Mahmoud, Reda Loaloa, Mohamed, Refaat, Ahmed, Samir, Hadeer, Shahien, Fatma, Sobhy, Mohamed, Sroor, Fathy, Abdellatif, Esraa, Adel, Marina, Afifi, Amr Abdelghani, Afifi, Eman, Antaky, Marco, Dawoud, Amr, El Zoghby, Naira, El-Remaily, Amira, Elzanfaly, Ali Abdelazez, Gadallah, Ahmed, Gamal, Fatma Alzahraa, Hashem, Omar, Medhat Youssef, Shrouk, Muhammad Attyah, Aliaa, Munir, Malak, Shazly, Omar, Taha, Esraa, Wilson, Karim, Adel, Sawsan, Ali, Asmaa, Eid, Esraa, Elhelow, Esraa, Elmahdy, Marwa, Elshatby, Bassant, Hossam El-Din Zakaria, Amany, Hossny, Ahmad, Ibrahim, Eman, M Yonis, Ahmed, Metwalli, Maram, Yousry, Basant, Zid, Esraa, A Yacoub, Mina, Abdelhakim, Ahmed, Abouelsoad, Nervana, Alkhatib, Mo'min, Ashraf, Ahmed, Ashraf, Alaa, Elazab, Yasmin, Elfanty, Mahmoud, Elkabir, Osama, Elsayed, Mai, Elshimy, Ahmed, Elsobky, Hager, Eskander, John, Gad, Ahmed, Hamsho, Ward, Khaled Abdelwahed, Noura, Magdy, Menna, Moharam, Dalia, Osama, Abeer, Ramadan, Shereen, Roum, Radwa, Sayed, Taqwa, Shehada, Tarneem, Zidan, Ahmed Mohy, Abbas, Khalid, Ali, Amr, Attia, Mohamed, Balata, Mohamed, El Nakeeb, Ayman, Elewaily, Mohamed Ibrahim Elsayed, Elfallal, Ahmed, Elfeki, Hossam, Elkhadragy, Ahmed, Emile, Sameh, Ezzat, Helmy, Hosni, Hasnaa, Mansour, Islam, Omar, 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Athisayaraj, Thomas, Olugbemi, Mojolaoluwa, Ahmad, Kasim, Chan, Claudia, Chapman, Gavin, Fleming, Hannah, Fox, Benjamin, Grewar, Julia, Hulse, Kate, Rutherford, Duncan, Sinead, Mackay, Smith, Scott, Speake, Doug, Vaughan-Shaw, Peter G, Christodoulides, Natasha, Kudhail, Simrit, Welch, Matthew, Husaini, Syed Muhibullah, Lambracos, Simon, Anyanwu, Chikamuche, Suresh, Rishi, Thomas, Jimmy Scott, Gleeson, Elizabeth, Platoff, Rebecca, Saif, Areeba, Enumah, Zachary, Etchill, Eric, Gabre-Kidan, Alodia, Bernstein, Mitchell, Carrano, Francesco Maria, Connors, Joseph, Lynn, Patricio, Melis, Marcovalerio, Newman, Elliot, Foster, Deshka S, Perrone, Kenneth, Titan, Ashley, Ahmad, Sarwat, Bafford, Andrea Chao M D, Dal Molin, Marco, Hanna, Nader, Zafar, Syed Nabeel, Hemmila, Mark, Napolitano, Lena, Wong, Jane J, Chandler, Julia, Wood, Lauren, Wren, Sherry, Ottesen, Taylor, You, Lucia, Yu, Kristin, Arciénega Yañez, María Del Pilar, Ferreira Fernandes, Martin, González, Daniel, Cubas, Santiago, González, María Catalina, Zubiaurre, Vanessa, Demolin, Rodrigo, Giroff, Nicolas, Sciuto, Pablo, Campos, Maite, Rodríguez Cantera, Gabriela, Deepika, Garg, Simuchimba, Elliot, Bulaya, Anadi, Chibuye, Chali, Chirengendure, Bright, Kabale, Mary-Rose, Kabongo, Kizito, Munthali, James, Mweso, Oliver, Pikiti, Francis, Otieno, James, Lai, Log Tung, Blackman, Brighid, Richards, Sophie, Subramaniam, Suren, Karim, Rafid, Kok, Nathan, Lee, Yanni Dion, Ali, Shabina, Sinha, Aanjaneya, Corrigan, Robert, Barnes, Nicole, Wong, Florence, Dennis, Grace, Jedamzik, Julia, Phillips, Emil, Piette, Wivine, Van Hentenryck, Marie, Koco, Houenoukpo, Lawani, Souliath, Kassa, Mamo Woldu, Santos Bezerra, Tainá, Gribnev, Petar, Dimitrov, Dobromir, Krastev, Panche, Oum, Sovannarith, Bonghaseh, Divine Tim, Al Farsi, Maryam, Alsharqawi, Nourah, Acevedo, Veronica, Castillo Barbosa, Andrea Carolina, Giron, Felipe, Leon Rodriguez, Jimmy Paul, Kucan, Darko, Rosko, Damir, Barsic, Neven, Župan, Domagoj, Hegazi, Amgad, Truncíková, Vendula, Fryba, Vladimir, Mohamed, Mostafa, Sultan, Ahmed, Nagi, Ahmed, Rashad Temerik, Abdallah, Elshawy, Mohamed Elemam, Mahmoud, Moustafa Ibrahim, Omar, Shrouk, Anwar, Mohamed, Rageh, Tarek, Elmokadem, Aya, Gaballa, Khaled, Teppo, Sandra, Turunen, Antti, Pengermä, Pasi, Ballouhey, Quentin, Bergeat, Damien, Weyl, Ariane, Hain, Elisabeth, Gyedu, Adam, Yenli, Edwin, Osei-Poku, Dorcas, Rompou, Vaia-Aliki, Zoikas, Athanasios, Gaitanidis, Apostolos, Koukis, Georgios, Perivoliotis, Konstantinos, Tavlas, Panagiotis, Galanos-Demiris, Konstantinos, Zografos, George, Karavokyros, Ioannis, Xanthopoulou, Georgia, Iordanidou, Eirini, Ayau, Fernanda, Garcia, Allan, Damján, Pekli, Wason, Deepender, B L, Ashika, Rangganata, Ervandy, Kamath, Prerna, O'Connor, Donal B, Pinto, Margherita, Perrone, Fabrizio, Tropeano, Francesca Paola, Troilo, Francesca, Bossi, Daniela, Scala, Dario, Pulitanò, Lucrezia, Carella, Marcella, Pietrabissa, Andrea, Gori, Alice, Giraudo, Giorgio, De Simone, Veronica, Russo, Alfio Alessandro, Braccio, Bartolomeo, Al-Taher, Raed, Athamneh, Sarah, Parker, Andrea, Sawiee, Adnan, Kattia, Amina, Salem, Malik, Tababa, Osama, Shaeeb, Zuhour, Syminas, Vilius, Jurgaitis, Jonas, Damuleviciene, Gyte, Svagzdys, Saulius, Poskus, Tomas, Razafimanjato, Narindra Njarasoa Mihaja, Chieng Loo, Ling, Tiong, Ing Ching, Wan Muhmad, Wan Farahiyah, Vijeyan, Harinthiran, Li Ying, Teoh, Grech, Gabriella, Arrangoiz, Rodrigo, Jimenez Ley, Vania Brickelia, Arizpe, Daniel, Lagunes Lara, Elizabeth, Castro López, Elizabeth Victoria, Eaazim, Jose, Gordinou de Gouberville, Marije, Bastiaenen, Vivian, Rottier, Simone, Nahab, Fouad, Ji, Maria Yeonhee, Seyoji, Mohammed, Nwachukwu, Callistus, Emeghara, Okechukwu, Muhammed, Sayyid Egbunu, Idowu, Ayodeji, Sowemimo, Olamiposi, Ogundoyin, Olakayode, Akande, Oluwatosin, Lott, Alexander, Nadeem, Maliha, Laghari, Ahsan Ali, Loya, Asif, Mushtaq, Hassan, Abdullah, Muhammad Tariq, Abuhilal, Baseel, Atawneh, Mohammad, Hamdan, Hamdan, Alhabil, Belal, Srour, Abedelrahman, Mousa, Ibrahim, Da Silva Medina, Luis, Bartosiak, Katarzyna, Ferreira, Pedro, Francisco, Vítor, Lemos, Ricardo, Frutuoso, Luísa, Fernandes, Sara, Fonseca, Telma, Pereira, Jorge, Rachadell, Juan, Torre, Ana, Madeira Martins, Filipe, Carvalho, Ana Cristina, Rodrigues Ferreira, Joana, Ribeiro da Silva, Bruno, Devesa, Helena, Vieira, Ana, Mónica, Inês, Amaro, Margarida, Sousa, Diogo, Reia, Marta, Louro, João, Martins, Ana, Dominguez, Joaquina, Santos, Inês, Freitas Oliveira, Nuno Miguel, Pereira, José Carlos, Silva-Vaz, Pedro, Freire, Ligia, Escrevente, Ricardo, Negoita, Valentina Madalina, Shakhmatov, Dmitry, Nezerwa, Yves, Radulovic, Radosav, Obery, Gareth, Viljoen, Francois, Mendes, Tome, Suarez, Antonio, Moncada, Enrique, Fernandez-Hevia, Maria, Curtis Martínez, Carolina, Gil Garcia, Julia Maria, González Zunzarren, Mariana, Idris, Tarig, Eklöv, Karolina, Grahn, Oskar, Amin, Leila, Blomqvist, Malin, Ajani, Costanza, Kraus, Rebecca, Seeger, Nico, Willemin, Melissa, Rayya, Fadi, Ayash, Mohammad, Msouti, Raneem, Kannas, Israa, Abazid, Eias, Esper, Asil, Slim, Skander, Kavcar, Akil Serdar, Aytac, Erman, Dural, Ahmet Cem, Ilker, Ayse, Eray, Ismail Cem, Kurnaz, Eray, Altiner, Saygin, Tepe, Mustafa Deniz, Sahin, Can, Savli, Evrim, Innocent, Aryon, Babirye, Lilian, Diachenko, Andrii, Hordoskiy, Vladislav, Curry, Heather, Chau, Charlene Yat Che, Robertson, Harry, Mahmoud, Arin, Lennon, Hannah, Loi, Lynette, Kirkham, Emily, McCann, Cameron, Watts, Daniel, Gurung, Binay, Wilson, Michael, Tribedi, Thomas, Garofalo, Eleonora, Zahra, Baryab, MacDonald, Scott, Daniels, Ian, Ng, Nathan, Khosla, Shivun, Olivier, James, Yue, Sum Yu Pansy, Suresh, Gayathri, Wellington, Jack, Lorejo, Emmanuel, Mossaad, Mafdi, Crutcher, Madison, Alimi, Marjan, Baiu, Ioana, Abdou, Hossam, Conway, Alison, Peck, Connor, Perdomo Perez, Mauro Andres, Zulu, Stanley, Nakazwe, Mildred, Burger, Sule, Davies, Justine, Donaldson, Rachel, Ede, Chikwendu, Garden, O James, Lesetedi, Chiapo, Mabedi, Charles, Magill, Laura, Makinde Alakaloko, Felix, Makupe, Alex, Monahan, Mark, Mulira, Soloman, Muller, Elmi, Musowoyo, Jospeh, Olory-Togbe, Jean Léon, Roberts, Tracey, Smith, Martin, Tayler, Viki, Windsor, John, Yepez, Raul, Sundar, Sudha, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Verjee, Azmina, Chen, José, Daya, Leonid, El Aroussi, Nouhaila, Farina, Valeria, Gnintedeme Olivier, Tchianze, Gonzales Nacarino, Mauricio, Hammani, Aamr, Honjo, Sarah, Jacobs, Rebecca, Kimura, Hitomi, Nkoronko, Mugisha, Oscullo Yepez, Jasson Javier, Pin Hung, Wei, Raj, Ankit, Romani Pozo, Alina, Rommaneh, Muna, Sassamela Fabiano, Samuel Chimbioputo, Shiroma Gago, Camila Milagros, Srinivas, Abhishekh, Sung, Chia-Yen, Tai, Aswan, Valle Aranda, Yener Cristyell, Venturini, Sara, and Wilguens Lartigue, Jean
Subjects: Pediatrics, Colorectal cancer, IMPACT, Disease, Colorectal Neoplasm, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cancer, surgery, postoperative mortality, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, General Medicine, DISEASES, Income, cancer surgery, Colorectal Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasm, Cohort study, Human, Adult, Developed Countrie, medicine.medical_specialty, Global surgery, General surgery, International multicentre study, Cancer surgery, Breast Neoplasms, Department of Error, NO, Developing Countrie, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Stomach Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, Developing Countries, Neoplasm Staging, business.industry, Developed Countries, Odds ratio, CARE, medicine.disease, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, Prospective Studie, Postoperative Complication, business
Abstract: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Background: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit.
Published: 2021
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19. In-Stent CTO Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Author: Lucio Padilla, Alessio La Manna, Bavana V. Rangan, Dmitrii Khelimskii, Farouc A. Jaffer, Stéphane Rinfret, Pedro Piccaro de Oliveira, Ilias Nikolakopoulos, Ahmed ElGuindy, Karlyse Claudino Belli, Joseph Dens, Lorenzo Azzalini, Pablo Lamelas, Soledad Ojeda, James W. Choi, Simon J Walsh, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, James C. Spratt, Khaldoon Alaswad, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Mauro Carlino, Evangelia Vemmou, Oleg Krestyaninov, Judit Karacsonyi, Alexandre Avran, Nidal Abi Rafeh, Jaikirshan Khatri, Paul Knaapen, Masaki Tanabe, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, and Manuel Pan
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Stent, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Restenosis, Internal medicine, Conventional PCI, medicine, Cardiology, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Tamponade, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke, Mace
Abstract: Objectives The authors sought to examine the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for in-stent restenosis (ISR) chronic total occlusions (CTOs). Background The outcomes of PCI for ISR CTOs have received limited study. Methods The authors examined the clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 11,961 CTO PCIs performed in 11,728 patients at 107 centers in Europe, North America, Latin America, and Asia between 2012 and 2020, pooling patient-level data from 4 multicenter registries. In-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) included death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and tamponade. Long-term MACE were defined as the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization. Results ISR represented 15% of the CTOs (n = 1,755). Patients with ISR CTOs had higher prevalence of diabetes (44% vs. 38%; p Conclusions ISR CTOs represent 15% of all CTO PCIs and can be recanalized with similar success and in-hospital MACE as de novo CTOs.
Published: 2021
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20. Auditory neuropathy in patients with features of tropical ataxic neuropathy in Tanzania

Author: Ali F. Jaffer and Philip B. Adebayo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Tropical ataxic neuropathy, biology, business.industry, Hearing loss, Auditory neuropathy, Audiology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Speech and Hearing, Tanzania, Otorhinolaryngology, Dar es salaam, parasitic diseases, Medicine, In patient, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: This study aimed to describe the diagnosis of auditory neuropathy (AN) in patients with features of tropical ataxic neuropathy (TAN) at a private audiology facility in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.A ret...
Published: 2021
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21. Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Active Surveillance Versus Standard Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer

Author: Thomas N. Walsh, Berend J van der Wilk, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Carlo Castoro, Jaffer A. Ajani, Guillaume Piessen, Heidi Furlong, Bas P. L. Wijnhoven, Sjoerd M. Lagarde, J. Jan B. van Lanschot, Ben M Eyck, Sung-Bae Kim, Daan Nieboer, Jong H. Kim, Rita Alfieri, Surgery, and Public Health
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Randomization, Esophageal Neoplasms, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Chemoradiotherapy, Patient data, Esophageal cancer, medicine.disease, Esophagectomy, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Meta-analysis, Propensity score matching, medicine, Humans, Surgery, Patient Generated Health Data, Progression-free survival, Watchful Waiting, business
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare overall survival of patients with a cCR undergoing active surveillance versus standard esophagectomy.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: One-third of patients with esophageal cancer have a pathologically complete response in the resection specimen after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Active surveillance may be of benefit in patients with cCR, determined with diagnostics during response evaluations after chemoradiotherapy.METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed comparing overall survival between patients with cCR after chemoradiotherapy undergoing active surveillance versus standard esophagectomy. Authors were contacted to supply individual patient data. Overall and progression-free survival were compared using random effects meta-analysis of randomized or propensity score matched data. Locoregional recurrence rate was assessed. The study-protocol was registered (PROSPERO: CRD42020167070).RESULTS: Seven studies were identified comprising 788 patients, of which after randomization or propensity score matching yielded 196 active surveillance and 257 standard esophagectomy patients. All authors provided individual patient data. The risk of all-cause mortality for active surveillance was 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62-1.87, P = 0.75] after intention-to-treat analysis and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.56-1.54, P = 0.75) after per-protocol analysis. The risk of progression or all-cause mortality for active surveillance was 1.14 (95% CI: 0.83-1.58, P = 0.36). Five-year locoregional recurrence rate during active surveillance was 40% (95% CI: 26%-59%). 95% of active surveillance patients undergoing postponed esophagectomy for locoregional recurrence had radical resection.CONCLUSIONS: Overall survival was comparable in patients with cCR after chemoradiotherapy undergoing active surveillance or standard esophagectomy. Diagnostic follow-up is mandatory in active surveillance and postponed esophagectomy should be offered to operable patients in case of locoregional recurrence.
Published: 2021
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22. Quantitative Assessment of Viral Dispersion Associated with Respiratory Support Devices in a Simulated Critical Care Environment

Author: Ariela Levy, Peter Kiiza, Ruxandra Pinto, Hamza Mbareche, Agnes A Ryzynski, Samira Mubareka, Ryan J. Hiebert, Robert A. Fowler, Simon Plenderleith, Hamed Avari, Hasina Kanji-Jaffer, and Julie Nardi
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Supplemental oxygen, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Disease, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Respiratory support, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, medicine, Quantitative assessment, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, business, Coronavirus
Abstract: Rationale: Patients with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) require supplemental oxygen and ventilatory support. It is unclear whether some respiratory support devices may increase the dispersio...
Published: 2021
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23. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care tests used to establish the presence of peripheral arterial disease in people with diabetes

Author: Sasha Smith, Viknesh Sounderajah, Usman Jaffer, Alun H. Davies, Chira Mustafa, Joseph Shalhoub, John Norrie, Pasha Normahani, and National Institute of Health Research
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Blinding, Point-of-care testing, MEDLINE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Peripheral Arterial Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Ankle Brachial Index, Oximetry, 030212 general & internal medicine, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Foot ulcer, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Diabetes, Reproducibility of Results, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Diabetic foot, Diabetic Foot, Confidence interval, body regions, Pulse oximetry, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Point-of-Care Testing, Meta-analysis, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Objective No agreement has been reached regarding which bedside test is the most useful for the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with diabetes. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the performance of bedside tests for the detection of PAD in individuals with diabetes. Methods MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for studies providing data on the diagnostic performance of bedside tests used for the detection of PAD in those with diabetes. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of PAD. Results A total of 18 studies, reporting on a total of 3016 limbs of diabetic patients, were included in our qualitative review. Of these, 11 studies (1543 limbs) were included in the meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy: ankle-brachial pressure index (9 studies and 1368 limbs; sensitivity, 63.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 51.7%-73.9%]; specificity, 89.3% [95% CI, 81.1%-94.2%]); toe-brachial pressure index (3 studies and 221 limbs; sensitivity, 83.0% [95% CI, 59.1-94.3%]; specificity, 66.3% [95% CI, 41.3%-84.6%]); and tibial waveform assessment (4 studies and 397 limbs; sensitivity, 82.8% [95% CI, 73.3%-89.4%], specificity, 86.8% [95% CI, 75.5%-93.3%]). Overall, we found a high risk of bias across the studies, most frequently relating to patient selection and the lack of blinding. Conclusions The toe-brachial pressure index, pulse oximetry, and tibial arterial waveform assessment demonstrated some promise, warranting further investigation.
Published: 2021
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24. MRI Features of Free Liquid Silicone in the Transgender Female Breast

Author: Jess Ting, Emily B. Sonnenblick, Frank Fang, Shivani Chaudhry, Karen A. Lee, Shabnam Jaffer, and Laurie R. Margolies
Subjects: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Silicone, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Transgender, medicine, Transverse Spin Relaxation Time, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030212 general & internal medicine, Transgender Person, business, Pectoralis Muscle
Abstract: Objective To define MRI features of free liquid silicone injection (FLSI) of the breast in transgender women considering surgical management. Methods This study was IRB–approved. MRI images from transgender women with FLSI imaged between 2009 and 2019 were reviewed. Presence and location of fibrotic masses (FMs) in the breast(s) and pectoralis muscle and patterns of granulomas were correlated with clinicopathologic findings. Background enhancement was quantified. Comparisons were performed using two-tailed Fisher exact and Student’s t test. Results Of 21 transgender women with FLSI (mean age 46.8 years), 13/21 (61.9%) had a dominant FM measuring over 4 cm; these were limited to breast and pectoralis in 6/21 (28.6%), breast in 9/21 (42.9%), and pectoralis only in 2/21 (9.5%). Four of 21 patients (19.0%) had no FMs, and 4/21 (19.0%) had masses under 4 cm. Mean size of the dominant FM was 7.4 cm (range 4–12 cm). FMs were enhancing in 5/13 (38.5%) and contained T2 high signal granulomas in 8/13 (61.5%). While 18/21 (85.8%) of cases showed mild to moderate overall background enhancement, the majority 7/13 (61.5%) of dominant FM were non-enhancing. About half of cases (11/21, 52.4%) had diffuse foci, and half (10/21, 47.6%) had diffuse foci and masses throughout the breast and pectoralis muscle. These foci and masses displayed T2 high signal in 13/21 (61.9%). There were no occult carcinomas observed. Conclusion MRI performed on symptomatic FLSI patients considering surgical treatment is helpful in assessing the extent of silicone infiltration and fibrotic reaction of the breast and pectoralis muscle.
Published: 2021
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25. Secure Data Access Control with Cipher Text Update and Computation Outsourcing in Fog Computing for Internet of Things

Author: Shaik Jaffer Vali
Subjects: Security analysis, Information privacy, Computer science, business.industry, General Mathematics, Information access, Data security, Encryption, Computer security, computer.software_genre, Education, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Ciphertext, Overhead (computing), business, computer, Standard model (cryptography)
Abstract: Fog Computing is a region of Computer Science that is under steady construction and development, and related to data security, the worldview turns out to be more solid and secure for IoT's edge stages. The verification of limited memory devices has serious issues since memory utilization is high when applied with different models that have the motivation behind shared confirmation. In this paper, we propose the Novel cipher text-based encryption model (NCEM) which has an information access control plot dependent on Ciphertext-Policy it give information privacy, fine-grained control, and mysterious validation in a multi-authority fog computing framework. The sign cryption and plan cryption overhead for the client is altogether diminished by redistributing the bothersome calculation tasks to fog hubs. The proposed conspire is demonstrated to be secure in the standard model and can give trait repudiation and public unquestionable status. The security analysis, asymptotic multifaceted nature examination, and implementation results demonstrate that our construction can offset the security objectives with useful effectiveness in calculation.
Published: 2021
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26. Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons for the Treatment of Symptomatic Central Venous Stenosis in Vascular Access: Results From a European, Multicenter, Single-Arm Retrospective Analysis

Author: Alexandros Mallios, Simone Zilahi de Gyurgyokai, Pedro Ponce, Alessio Spinelli, Konstantinos Stavroulakis, Rami El Hage, Dimitrios Karnabatidis, Pierleone Lucatelli, Panagiotis Kitrou, Raphaël Coscas, Konstantinos Katsanos, Tobias Steinke, Ounali Jaffer, Theodosios Bisdas, Roberto Cancellieri, and Stavros Spiliopoulos
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Vena Cava, Superior, Paclitaxel, medicine.medical_treatment, Vascular access, Constriction, Pathologic, Venous stenosis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical, Renal Dialysis, Angioplasty, Retrospective analysis, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Vascular Patency, Dialysis, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Infant, Middle Aged, Surgery, Europe, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Child, Preschool, Central veins, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Angioplasty, Balloon
Abstract: Introduction: This was a European, multicenter, investigator-initiated and run, single-arm retrospective analysis to assess the safety and the clinical benefit of the use of paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) for the treatment of symptomatic central venous stenosis (CVS). Materials and Methods: Eleven centers from 7 countries across Europe, submitted 86 cases performed during the period between October 2015 and June 2018. Minimum follow-up was 6 months. Patient baseline demographics and procedural details were collected. Mean age was 62.6 years (SD 15.2 years). Median vascular access age was 3.0 years (IQR 1.2–4.8 years). A total of 55 were arteriovenous fistulas (64%) the rest arteriovenous grafts (31/86, 36%). Vessels treated were 43 subclavian veins, 42 brachiocephalic veins and 1 superior vena cava. Median drug-coated balloon diameter was 10 mm (IQR 8–12 mm). Primary outcome measures were clinically assessed intervention-free period (IFP) of the treated segment at 6 months and procedure-related minor and major complications. Secondary outcome measures included access circuit survival, patient survival, and the investigation of independent factors that influence the IFP. Results: IFP was 62.7% at 6 months. Median patient follow-up time was 1.0 year (IQR 0.5–2.2 years). There was 1 minor complication (1/86; 1.2%) and no major complications. Access circuit survival was 87.7% at 6 months. Patient survival was 79.7% at 2 years according to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Higher balloon diameters significantly favored IFP [HR 0.71 (0.55–0.92), p=0.006; 5–7 mm group vs 8–12 mm group, p=0.025]. Conclusion: In this analysis, use of PCBs for the treatment of symptomatic CVS was safe. Efficacy was comparable to previous trials. Increased balloon size had a significant effect on patency rates.
Published: 2021
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27. Testicular development and spermatogenesis in fish: insights into molecular aspects and regulation of gene expression by different exogenous factors

Author: Hussna Bhat, Ishfaq Nazir Mir, Rupam Sharma, Jaffer Yousuf Dar, Irshad Ahmad, Parvaiz Ahmad Ganie, Raja Aadil Hussain Bhat, and Irfan Ahmad Bhat
Subjects: Regulation of gene expression, Sexual differentiation, Ecology, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Biology, Aquaculture, %22">Fish , Reproduction, Development of the gonads, business, Spermatogenesis, media_common
Published: 2021
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28. Clinic epidemiological evaluation of co morbidities in patients with psoriasis in a tertiary care hospital

Author: Jaffer basha Sk
Subjects: epidemiological study, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, co morbidities, psoriasis, Tertiary care hospital, medicine.disease, Psoriasis, Emergency medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Medicine, Co morbidity, business
Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is a common disease presented to the dermatology clinics. There are several reports concerning co morbidities in patients with psoriasis. Some of them include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, IHD, ulcerative colitis. Hence, we in the present study tried to evaluate the existing comorbidities in patients diagnosed with psoriasis in presenting to our hospital. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar. This case-control study evaluated the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis. The existence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity was determined by standard criteria. The data was recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 17 for p values. Results: BSL (Blood Sugar Level) derangement as increased fasting BSL was observed in 23 (23%) cases compared to 8(8%) controls. There was a statistically significant difference between psoriatic cases and controls. The total number of male patients with raised waist circumference was 24 (33.8%) compared to 9(13.2%) controls. There was a statistically significant association of raised waist circumference in psoriasis cases compared to controls, the p-value was
Published: 2021
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29. Histologic grading of breast carcinoma: a multi-institution study of interobserver variation using virtual microscopy

Author: Abida K. Sattar, Anees B. Chagpar, Parker C. Wilson, Paula S. Ginter, Romana Idress, Shabnam Jaffer, Malini Harigopal, Susan Fineberg, and Timothy M. D'Alfonso
Subjects: Adult, concordance, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Concordance, Breast Neoplasms, Article, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Predictive Value of Tests, Humans, cancer, Medicine, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Stage (cooking), Grading (tumors), Aged, Cancer staging, Aged, 80 and over, Observer Variation, Microscopy, medicine.diagnostic_test, variability, business.industry, Carcinoma, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, whole slide imaging, Pathologists, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Neoplasm Grading, digital pathology, business, Oncotype DX, Breast carcinoma, Nuclear medicine, Virtual microscopy
Abstract: Breast carcinoma grading is an important prognostic feature recently incorporated into the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. There is increased interest in applying virtual microscopy (VM) using digital whole slide imaging (WSI) more broadly. Little is known regarding concordance in grading using VM and how such variability might affect AJCC prognostic staging (PS). We evaluated interobserver variability amongst a multi-institutional group of breast pathologists using digital WSI and how discrepancies in grading would affect PS. A digitally scanned slide from 143 invasive carcinomas was independently reviewed by 6 pathologists and assigned grades based on established criteria for tubule formation (TF), nuclear pleomorphism (NP), and mitotic count (MC). Statistical analysis was performed. Interobserver agreement for grade was moderate (κ = 0.497). Agreement was fair (κ = 0.375), moderate (κ = 0.491), and good (κ = 0.705) for grades 2, 3, and 1, respectively. Observer pair concordance ranged from fair to good (κ = 0.354-0.684) Perfect agreement was observed in 43 cases (30%). Interobserver agreement for the individual components was best for TF (κ = 0.503) and worst for MC (κ = 0.281). Seventeen of 86 (19.8%) discrepant cases would have resulted in changes in PS and discrepancies most frequently resulted in a PS change from IA to IB (n = 9). For two of these nine cases, Oncotype DX results would have led to a PS of 1A regardless of grade. Using VM, a multi-institutional cohort of pathologists showed moderate concordance for breast cancer grading, similar to studies using light microscopy. Agreement was the best at the extremes of grade and for evaluation of TF. Whether the higher variability noted for MC is a consequence of VM grading warrants further investigation. Discordance in grading infrequently leads to clinically meaningful changes in the prognostic stage.
Published: 2021
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30. Initial Findings From the North American COVID-19 Myocardial Infarction Registry

Author: Santiago Garcia, Payam Dehghani, Cindy Grines, Laura Davidson, Keshav R. Nayak, Jacqueline Saw, Ron Waksman, John Blair, Bagai Akshay, Ross Garberich, Christian Schmidt, Hung Q. Ly, Scott Sharkey, Nestor Mercado, Carlos E. Alfonso, Naoki Misumida, Deepak Acharya, Mina Madan, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Nosheen Javed, Jay Shavadia, Jay Stone, M. Chadi Alraies, Wah Htun, William Downey, Brian A. Bergmark, Jospeh Ebinger, Tareq Alyousef, Houman Khalili, Chao-Wei Hwang, Joshua Purow, Alexander Llanos, Brent McGrath, Mark Tannenbaum, Jon Resar, Rodrigo Bagur, Pedro Cox-Alomar, Ada C. Stefanescu Schmidt, Lindsey A. Cilia, Farouc A. Jaffer, Michael Gharacholou, Michael Salinger, Brian Case, Ameer Kabour, Xuming Dai, Osama Elkhateeb, Taisei Kobayashi, Hahn-Ho Kim, Mazen Roumia, Frank V. Aguirre, Jeffrey Rade, Aun-Yeong Chong, Hurst M. Hall, Shy Amlani, Alireza Bagherli, Rajan A.G. Patel, David A. Wood, Frederick G. Welt, Jay Giri, Ehtisham Mahmud, and Timothy D. Henry
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Revascularization, outcomes, D2B, door to balloon, PPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, PUI, person under investigation, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Registries, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, IQR, interquartile range, Original Investigation, COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019, SCAI, Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Percutaneous coronary intervention, COVID-19, STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, medicine.disease, United States, MI, myocardial infarction, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Observational study, ACC, American College of Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, ST-segment myocardial infarction
Abstract: Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted many aspects of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care, including timely access to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Objectives The goal of the NACMI (North American COVID-19 and STEMI) registry is to describe demographic characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with STEMI. Methods A prospective, ongoing observational registry was created under the guidance of 3 cardiology societies. STEMI patients with confirmed COVID+ (group 1) or suspected (person under investigation [PUI]) (group 2) COVID-19 infection were included. A group of age- and sex-matched STEMI patients (matched to COVID+ patients in a 2:1 ratio) treated in the pre-COVID era (2015 to 2019) serves as the control group for comparison of treatment strategies and outcomes (group 3). The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital death, stroke, recurrent myocardial infarction, or repeat unplanned revascularization. Results As of December 6, 2020, 1,185 patients were included in the NACMI registry (230 COVID+ patients, 495 PUIs, and 460 control patients). COVID+ patients were more likely to have minority ethnicity (Hispanic 23%, Black 24%) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (46%) (all p, Central Illustration
Published: 2021

31. Adjuvant Nivolumab in Resected Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

Author: Kelly, Ronan J, Ajani, Jaffer A, Kuzdzal, Jaroslaw, Zander, Thomas, Van Cutsem, Eric, Piessen, Guillaume, Mendez, Guillermo, Feliciano, Josephine, Motoyama, Satoru, Lièvre, Astrid, Uronis, Hope, Elimova, Elena, Grootscholten, Cecile, Geboes, Karen, Zafar, Syed, Snow, Stephanie, Ko, Andrew H, Feeney, Kynan, Schenker, Michael, Kocon, Piotr, Zhang, Jenny, Zhu, Lili, Lei, Ming, Singh, Prianka, Kondo, Kaoru, Cleary, James M, Moehler, Markus, CheckMate 577 Investigators, Van den Eynde, Marc, UCL - SSS/IREC/MIRO - Pôle d'imagerie moléculaire, radiothérapie et oncologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'hématologie, Baylor University, MD Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Universitätsklinikum Köln (Uniklinik Köln), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), CHU Lille, Favaloro Foundation, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Akita University, Chemistry, Oncogenesis, Stress and Signaling (COSS), Université de Rennes (UR)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Duke Cancer Institute Durham, Duke University Medical Center, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Ghent University Hospital, Florida Hospital Cancer Institute, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [Boston], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Bristol Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ono Pharmaceutical, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, and Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Adenocarcinoma, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Gastroenterology, B7-H1 Antigen, Disease-Free Survival, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Esophagus, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Neoadjuvant therapy, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Cancer, Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Intention to Treat Analysis, 3. Good health, Nivolumab, medicine.anatomical_structure, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, Esophagogastric Junction, business, Adjuvant, Chemoradiotherapy
Abstract: BackgroundNo adjuvant treatment has been established for patients who remain at high risk for recurrence after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer. MethodsWe conducted CheckMate 577, a global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial to evaluate a checkpoint inhibitor as adjuvant therapy in patients with esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Adults with resected (R0) stage II or III esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and had residual pathological disease were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive nivolumab (at a dose of 240 mg every 2 weeks for 16 weeks, followed by nivolumab at a dose of 480 mg every 4 weeks) or matching placebo. The maximum duration of the trial intervention period was 1 year. The primary end point was disease-free survival. ResultsThe median follow-up was 24.4 months. Among the 532 patients who received nivolumab, the median disease-free survival was 22.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.6 to 34.0), as compared with 11.0 months (95% CI, 8.3 to 14.3) among the 262 patients who received placebo (hazard ratio for disease recurrence or death, 0.69; 96.4% CI, 0.56 to 0.86; P
Published: 2021
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32. Spontaneous conus medullary infarction in the absence of cardiovascular risk factors

Author: Jaffer Ahmed, Bavica Gummadi, and Swarna Rajagopalan
Subjects: Past medical history, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Medullary cavity, business.industry, Infarction, Disease, medicine.disease, Spinal cord, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Spinal cord compression, Case fatality rate, medicine, Neurology (clinical), Presentation (obstetrics), business
Abstract: Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare but devastating disease that occurs in association with trauma or predisposing cardiovascular risk factors. Since clinical presentation is variable, it remains a diagnostic challenge in patients without risk factors, often mistaken for other diseases. Delay in diagnosis of SCI can result in missed treatment opportunities and contributes to the high case fatality rate. This case report examines the case of a 42-year-old man with no significant past medical history who presented with clinical symptoms of spinal cord compression secondary to acute SCI in the setting of heavy lifting.
Published: 2021
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33. Time-Restricted Salutary Effects of Blood Flow Restoration on Venous Thrombosis and Vein Wall Injury in Mouse and Human Subjects

Author: Farouc A. Jaffer, Michael R. Jaff, Guy L. Reed, Lang Wang, Hang Lee, Chase W. Kessinger, Ido Weinberg, Wenzhu Li, Peter Libby, Ahmed Tawakol, Peter K. Henke, and Makoto Orii
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Deep vein, medicine.medical_treatment, Inflammation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Article, Veins, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Fibrinolysis, medicine, Animals, Humans, Vein, 030304 developmental biology, Venous Thrombosis, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Blood flow, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, Hyperpigmentation, Venous thrombosis, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood Circulation, Quality of Life, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Female, Endothelium, Vascular, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background: Up to 50% of patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) will develop the postthrombotic syndrome characterized by limb swelling and discomfort, hyperpigmentation, skin ulcers, and impaired quality of life. Although catheter-based interventions enabling the restoration of blood flow (RBF) have demonstrated little benefit on postthrombotic syndrome, the impact on the acuity of the thrombus and mechanisms underlying this finding remain obscure. In experimental and clinical studies, we examined whether RBF has a restricted time window for improving DVT resolution. Methods: First, experimental stasis DVT was generated in C57/BL6 mice (n=291) by inferior vena cava ligation. To promote RBF, mice underwent mechanical deligation with or without intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administered 2 days after deligation. RBF was assessed over time by ultrasonography and intravital microscopy. Resected thrombosed inferior vena cava specimens underwent thrombus and vein wall histological and gene expression assays. Next, in a clinical study, we conducted a post hoc analysis of the ATTRACT (Acute Venous Thrombosis: Thrombus Removal with Adjunctive Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis) pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (PCDT) trial (NCT00790335) to assess the effects of PCDT on Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study quality-of-life and Villalta scores for specific symptom-onset-to-randomization timeframes. Results: Mice that developed RBF by day 4, but not later, exhibited reduced day 8 thrombus burden parameters and reduced day 8 vein wall fibrosis and inflammation, compared with controls. In mice without RBF, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administered at day 4, but not later, reduced day 8 thrombus burden and vein wall fibrosis. It is notable that, in mice already exhibiting RBF by day 4, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administration did not further reduce thrombus burden or vein wall fibrosis. In the ATTRACT trial, patients receiving PCDT in an intermediate symptom-onset-to-randomization timeframe of 4 to 8 days demonstrated maximal benefits in Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study quality-of-life and Villalta scores (between-group difference=8.41 and 1.68, respectively, P 8 days. Conclusions: Taken together, these data illustrate that, within a restricted therapeutic window, RBF improves DVT resolution, and PCDT may improve clinical outcomes. Further studies are warranted to examine the value of time-restricted RBF strategies to reduce postthrombotic syndrome in patients with DVT.
Published: 2021
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34. Determinants of Survival for Patients with Neoadjuvant-Treated Node-Negative Gastric Cancer

Author: Mariela A. Blum, Paul F. Mansfield, Jeannelyn S. Estrella, Naruhiko Ikoma, Brian D. Badgwell, Prajnan Das, Jaffer A. Ajani, Bruce D. Minsky, and Derek J. Erstad
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Perineural invasion, Cancer, medicine.disease, Primary tumor, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Oncology, Surgical oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, Gastrectomy, Stage (cooking), business, Survival rate, Neoadjuvant therapy
Abstract: This study sought to determine prognostic markers for disease recurrence and survival in a cohort of neoadjuvant-treated, node-negative gastric cancer patients (ypT0-4N0M0). Clinicopathologic data from patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by curative-intent gastrectomy at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 1995 to 2017 were evaluated. Patients with AJCC TNM stage ypT0-4N0M0 were considered for analysis. The inclusion criteria were met by 212 patients with a mean age of 58.3 years. Of these patients, 60 % were male, 53 % were Caucasian, 87 % received chemoradiation, and 13 % received chemotherapy. The findings showed a median overall survival (OS) rate of 11.3 years, a 5-year survival rate of 72 %, and a 10-year survival rate of 57 %. During a median follow-up period of 5.5 years, 38.2 % of the patients died. In the multivariable analysis, ypT4-stage and nodal yield fewer than 16 were significantly associated with reduced OS. Cancer classified as ypT4 had more aggressive biologic traits, including lymphovascular and perineural invasion, and was treated more aggressively with total gastrectomy and additional organ resection despite frequent positive margins. Depth of invasion remained significantly associated with worse outcome after the analysis controlled for nodal yield and possible stage migration. Compared with ypT0-3 tumors, ypT4 cancers were associated with significantly more recurrences (13 % vs. 45 %; p < 0.05), and the primary modes of failure for ypT4 lesions were local recurrence and peritoneal metastases (88 % of recurrences). Depth of primary tumor invasion and nodal yield were significantly associated with OS among the patients with ypT0-4N0M0 gastric cancer. Serosal invasion (ypT4) was associated with a high rate of peritoneal recurrence, and trials of intraperitoneal therapy targeting these patients should be considered.
Published: 2021
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35. Navigating Nodal Metrics for Node-Positive Gastric Cancer in the United States: An NCDB-Based Study and Validation of AJCC Guidelines

Author: Bruce D. Minsky, Derek J. Erstad, Brian D. Badgwell, Naruhiko Ikoma, Mariela A. Blum, Paul F. Mansfield, Jaffer A. Ajani, Jeannelyn S. Estrella, and Prajnan Das
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Preoperative Therapy, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, PN category, MEDLINE, Cancer, Disease, medicine.disease, Cancer registry, Oncology, Node (computer science), medicine, Gastrectomy, Radiology, business
Abstract: Background: The optimal number of examined lymph nodes (ELNs) and the positive lymph node ratio (LNR) for potentially curable gastric cancer are not established. We sought to determine clinical benchmarks for these values using a large national database. Methods: Demographic, clinicopathologic, and treatment-related data from patients treated using an R0, curative-intent gastrectomy registered in the National Cancer Database during 2004 to 2016 were evaluated. Patients with node-positive (pTxN+M0) disease were considered for analysis. Results: A total of 22,018 patients met the inclusion criteria, with a median follow-up of 2.2 years. Mean age at diagnosis was 65.6 years, 66% were male, 68% were White, 33% of tumors were located near the gastroesophageal junction, and 29% of patients had undergone preoperative therapy. Most primary tumors (62%) were category pT3–4, 67% had a poor or anaplastic grade, and 19% had signet features. Clinical nodal staging was inaccurate compared with staging at final pathology. The mean [SD] number of nodes examined was 19 [11]. On multivariable analysis, the pN category, ELNs, and LNR were independently associated with survival (all PConclusions: Using a large national cancer registry, we determined that an ELN threshold of ≥30 allowed for prognostically advantageous LNRs to be achieved in 96% of patients. Therefore, ≥30 examined nodes should be considered a clinical benchmark for practice in the United States.
Published: 2021
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36. Factors associated with infrainguinal bypass graft patency at 1-year; a retrospective analysis of a single centre experience

Author: Pasha Normahani, Ismail Yusuf Anwar, Alona Courtney, Amish Acharya, Viknesh Sounderajah, Chira Mustafa, Usman Jaffer, Joseph Shalhoub, Celia Riga, Richard Gibbs, Michael Jenkins, Colin Bicknell, Alun H Davies, David Nott, Christopher Aylwin, Nigel J Standfield, National Institute of Health Research, and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Referral, SURGERY, Infrainguinal bypass, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, LIMB SALVAGE, THERAPY, Lower limb, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ischemia, Risk Factors, Retrospective analysis, FAILURE, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030212 general & internal medicine, AMPUTATION-FREE, ANGIOPLASTY, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Vascular Patency, Retrospective Studies, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Science & Technology, Graft patency, business.industry, Graft Occlusion, Vascular, INTRAOPERATIVE DUPLEX, General Medicine, Surgery, LEG BASIL TRIAL, SEVERE ISCHEMIA, anti-thrombotic, Single centre, Treatment Outcome, Peripheral Vascular Disease, bypass revascularization, Collaborators, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, SURVIVAL, lower limb, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, patency, Safety Research
Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with primary graft patency 1 year following open lower limb revascularisation (LLR) at a tertiary referral vascular service. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing infra-inguinal bypass surgery between January 2016 and May 2017 at a tertiary vascular centre (St Mary’s Hospital, London) was performed. Data regarding patient demographics, comorbidities, type of operation and post-operative anti-thrombotic strategy were collected. Quality of run-off score was assessed from pre-operative imaging. Results: Seventy-seven cases were included in the analysis. Overall, the primary patency rate at 1-year was 63.6% ( n = 49/77) and the secondary patency rate was 67.5% ( n = 52/77). Independent variables with statistically significant inferior patency rates at 1-year were (1) bypasses with below knee targets (p = 0.0096), (2) chronic limb threatening ischaemia indication (p = 0.038), (3) previous ipsilateral revascularisation (p Conclusion: At 1-year follow-up, previous ipsilateral revascularisation was the most significant factor in affecting patency rates. Patients in this subgroup should therefore be deemed high-risk, which should be reflected in the informed consent and peri-operative management.
Published: 2021
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37. Effects of a Layered Morphology on Drip Suppression in Burning Polymers

Author: Shaffiq Jaffer, Christopher W. Macosko, Frank S. Bates, Bongjoon Lee, Alex Jordan, Kyung-Tae Kim, Olivier Lhost, and Ehsan Behzadfar
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, business.industry, Process Chemistry and Technology, Organic Chemistry, Polymer, Fire safety, chemistry, Flame spread, Fire resistance, Composite material, Aerospace, business, Flammability
Abstract: Fire safety in polymers is critically important with products such as textiles and consumer goods, as well as materials used in construction, aerospace, transportation, and furniture. Additives use...
Published: 2021
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38. Chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention in octogenarians and nonagenarians

Author: Oleg Krestyaninov, Santiago Garcia, M. Nicholas Burke, Evangelia Vemmou, Ehtisham Mahmud, Ilias Nikolakopoulos, Mitul Patel, Bavana V. Rangan, Nidal Abi Rafeh, Shuaib M Abdullah, Abir Abdo, Omer Goktekin, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, James W. Choi, Ahmed ElGuindy, Khaldoon Alaswad, Judit Karacsonyi, Dmitrii Khelimskii, Phil Dattilo, Farouc A. Jaffer, Iosif Xenogiannis, Anthony Doing, and Dimitri Karmpaliotis
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Total occlusion, 03 medical and health sciences, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Percutaneous coronary intervention, Atrial fibrillation, Coronary Lesion Complexity, medicine.disease, United States, medicine.anatomical_structure, Coronary Occlusion, Conventional PCI, Cardiology, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Mace, Artery
Abstract: OBJECTIVE The outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in octogenarians and nonagenarians have received limited study. METHODS We compared in-hospital outcomes of CTO PCI between patients ≥80 vs.
Published: 2021
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39. Abstract PS6-27: Secondary invasive breast events (SIBE) among patients with oncotype DX recurrence scores (RS) 26-30 and >31: Results from a large oncotype database

Author: Brittney S Zimmerman, Meng Ru, Krystal Pauline Cascetta, Julia Blanter, Erin Moshier, Kelly I Suchman, Serena Tharakan, Shabnam Jaffer, Amy Tiersten, and Natalie Berger
Subjects: Cancer Research, Database, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Lumpectomy, Cancer, computer.software_genre, medicine.disease, Log-rank test, Radiation therapy, Breast cancer, Oncology, medicine, Adjuvant therapy, business, Oncotype DX, computer, Mastectomy
Abstract: Background: Oncotype RS is a 21-gene assay used to predict the likelihood of distant recurrence and benefit of chemotherapy in patients with lymph node negative (LN-), hormone positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC). The Oncotype RS is used to identify patients who may be spared chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting without adverse impact on survival or secondary invasive breast events (SIBE). Results of the TAILORx trial (Sparano et al, 2018) provided evidence that chemotherapy can likely be spared for most patients with oncotype RS 31) to determine the benefit of chemotherapy among these groups. Methods:We identified 887 patients with early-stage, HR+ BC treated between 2006-2018. Among these patients, 515 had treatment and follow-up data available for SIBE analysis. Median follow-up for SIBE was 62 months with 41 SIBE (8%) including both LN+ and LN- patients. When stratified by RS using conservative cutoffs (Sparano et al, 2018): low risk (26), 5 year rates of SIBE were 4%, 6% and 16% respectively. The Kaplan Meier method was used to estimate the time to SIBE distributions overall and among different RS groups with the log rank test used to compare distributions between groups. Results: Among 887 patients, 616 (69%) were post-menopausal. A total of 654 (74%) patients had surgical management, of which 226 underwent mastectomy (35%) and 428 underwent lumpectomy (65%). Among the 630 patients who received adjuvant therapy, 14 (2%) received chemotherapy alone, 143 (23%) received a combination of chemotherapy/endocrine therapy and 473 (75%) received endocrine therapy alone. Twenty-four patients (3%) refused one or more recommended therapies. Three hundred fourteen patients (50%) also received radiation therapy. Rates of chemotherapy administration were 8% among low RS, 16% among intermediate RS and 82% among high RS patients (73% for RS 26-30 and 90% for RS >31). One-hundred eighty six of 887 patients were missing chemotherapy administration data as they were likely treated at another center. Patients with treatment data available and adequate follow up were included in the SIBE analysis (n=515). Among the 27 LN- patients with RS 26-30, twenty (74%) received chemotherapy and the remaining seven (26%) did not. The five year rate of SIBE was 25% among patients who received chemotherapy and 33% among those who did not receive chemotherapy; p=0.5489. Among the 23 LN negative patients with RS >31, twenty-one (91%) patients received chemotherapy and the remaining two (9%) did not. The five year rate of SIBE was 0% in both patients who received chemotherapy and in patients who did not receive chemotherapy; p-value not estimable in this subgroup due to no SIBE in either group. Conclusion: In this large oncotype database, there was no statistically significant difference in SIBE for patients with higher genomic risk (RS 26-30 and >31) whether or not they received chemotherapy. This data was limited by small numbers of patients in these sub-groups. More aggressive endocrine therapy with ovarian suppression has become an alternative option to spare chemotherapy in intermediate risk patients (RS 11-25). This approach may be useful among patients with even higher risk oncotype scores. Prospective randomized studies may be useful to determine utility of chemotherapy among patients with RS >26. Citation Format: Brittney S Zimmerman, Krystal Cascetta, Natalie Berger, Serena Tharakan, Kelly Suchman, Julia Blanter, Erin Moshier, Meng Ru, Shabnam Jaffer, Amy Tiersten. Secondary invasive breast events (SIBE) among patients with oncotype DX recurrence scores (RS) 26-30 and >31: Results from a large oncotype database [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS6-27.
Published: 2021
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40. Cost-effectiveness of Diagnostic Tools to Establish the Presence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in People With Diabetes

Author: Pasha Normahani, Usman Jaffer, Alun H. Davies, Viknesh Sounderajah, Alessio Gaggero, and David Epstein
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, Cost effectiveness, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Palpation, Quality-adjusted life year, body regions, Amputation, Diabetes mellitus, Cohort, Emergency medicine, medicine, Surgery, Risk factor, business, Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of point-of-care duplex ultrasound (PAD-scan) and other bedside tests for the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in people with diabetes. Background PAD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) and amputation in diabetic patients. Diagnosis enables optimisation of therapies to manage these risks. PAD-scan can be performed by frontline staff and has been shown to be the most accurate bedside test. However, its cost-effectiveness has not been investigated. Methods A Markov model was constructed to estimate the health outcomes and costs over 5 years of different testing strategies applied to a cohort of diabetic patients. Bedside tests investigated were PAD-scan, ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI), toe-brachial pressure index (TBPI), audible and visual Doppler, transcutaneous pressure of oxygen (TcPO2) and pulse palpation. Health outcomes were incidence of new DFU, major cardiovascular events, amputation, death and DFU healing rates. Sensitivity analyses were performed. Results PAD-scan was the most cost-effective bedside test with an incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of £11,391/QALY (quality adjusted life years). PAD-scan had the highest probability (78.7%) of having the greatest net benefit at a willingness to pay threshold of £20,000 per QALY. It reduced the number of amputations by 24% and the number of cardiovascular deaths by 10% over 5 years, compared to TBPI (next best alternative). PAD-scans superiority in ICER occurred at a PAD prevalence threshold of 0.24. Discussion PAD-scan is a cost-effective test for the detection of PAD in patients with diabetes.
Published: 2021
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41. Applications of intraoperative Duplex ultrasound in vascular surgery: a systematic review

Author: Bilal Khan, Sepideh Poushpas, Usman Jaffer, Pasha Normahani, Viknesh Sounderajah, Muzaffar Anwar, and National Institute of Health Research
Subjects: lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:R895-920, MEDLINE, Review, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Restenosis, Lower limb revascularisation, medicine, Duplex ultrasound, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Science & Technology, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Ultrasound, Interventional radiology, Completion imaging, Vascular surgery, medicine.disease, Carotid artery endarterectomy, Thrombosis, Radiology, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective This review aims to summarise the contemporary uses of intraoperative completion Duplex ultrasound (IODUS) for the assessment of lower extremity bypass surgery (LEB) and carotid artery endarterectomy (CEA). Methods We performed a systematic literature search using the databases of MEDLINE. Eligible studies evaluated the use of IODUS during LEB or CEA. Results We found 22 eligible studies; 16 considered the use of IODUS in CEA and 6 in LEB. There was considerable heterogeneity between studies in terms of intervention, outcome measures and follow-up. In the assessment of CEA, there is conflicting evidence regarding the benefits of completion imaging. However, analysis from the largest study suggests a modest reduction in adjusted risk of stroke/mortality when using IODUS selectively (RR 0.74, CI 0.63–0.88, p = 0.001). Evidence also suggests that uncorrected residual flow abnormalities detected on IODUS are associated with higher rates of restenosis (range 2.1% to 20%). In the assessment of LEB, we found a paucity of evidence when considering the benefit of IODUS on patency rates or when considering its utility as compared to other imaging modalities. However, the available evidence suggests higher rates of thrombosis or secondary intervention in grafts with uncorrected residual flow abnormalities (up to 36% at 3 months). Conclusions IODUS can be used to detect defects in both CEA and LEB procedures. However, there is a need for more robust prospective studies to determine the best scanning strategy, criteria for intervention and the impact on clinical outcomes.
Published: 2021

42. The impact of tranexamic acid on administration of red blood cell transfusions for resection of colorectal liver metastases

Author: Ramy Behman, Rachel Roke, Madeline Lemke, Julie Hallet, Laura E. Davis, Natalie G. Coburn, Calvin Law, Kaitlyn Beyfuss, Sherif S. Hanna, Alisha A. Jaffer, and Paul J. Karanicolas
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Blood Loss, Surgical, 030230 surgery, Resection, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Primary outcome, Hepatectomy, Humans, Medicine, Hepatology, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Gastroenterology, Antifibrinolytic Agents, Surgery, Red blood cell, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tranexamic Acid, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Inflow occlusion, Colorectal Neoplasms, Erythrocyte Transfusion, business, Tranexamic acid, medicine.drug
Abstract: Red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) remain a concern for patients undergoing hepatectomy. The effect of tranexamic acid (TXA), an anti-fibrinolytic, on receipt of RBCT in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) resection was examined.Hepatectomies for CRLM over 2009-2014 were included. Primary outcome was 30-day receipt of RBCT. Secondary outcomes were 30-day major morbidity (Clavien-Dindo III-V) and 90-day mortality. Multivariable modelling examined the adjusted association between TXA and outcomes.Of 433 included patients, 146 (34%) received TXA. TXA patients were more likely to have inflow occlusion (41.8% vs. 23.1%; p 0.01) and major hepatectomies (56.1% vs. 45.6%; p = 0.0193). TXA was independently associated with lower risk of RBCT (Relative risk (RR) 0.59; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.42-0.85), but not with 30-day major morbidity (adjusted RR 1.02; 95%CI: 0.64-1.60) and 90-day mortality (univariable RR 0.99; 95%CI: 0.95-1.03).Intraoperative TXA was associated with a 41% reduction in risk of 30 -day receipt of RBCT after hepatectomy for CRLM. This finding is important to potentially improve healthcare resource allocation and patient outcomes. Pending further evidence, intraoperative TXA may be an effective method of reducing RBCT in hepatectomy for CRLM.
Published: 2021
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43. Generalized, non-neonatial tetanus is a highly fatal disease in Afghanistan: A case series study

Author: Jaffer Shah, Mohmmad Delsoz, Asghar Shah, Shohra Qaderi, Farah Qaderi, Siamak Afaghi, and Farzad Esmaeili Tarki
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Dogs, 0302 clinical medicine, Case fatality rate, Tetanus Toxoid, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Bites and Stings, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mortality, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Tetanus, business.industry, Public health, Vaccination, Afghanistan, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Dog bite, Pneumonia, Infectious Diseases, Vaccination policy, Female, business, Delivery of Health Care, Case series
Abstract: Objectives To describe the clinical features and outcomes of a case series of adult tetanus and illustrate inadequacies in confronting this preventable disease. Design and Methods This study retrospectively evaluated 24 relatively severe, confirmed cases of tetanus, diagnosed between March 2017 and December 2018, in Kabul Antani Hospital, Afghanistan. Results Regarding the source of the infection: 18 patients (75%) had a history of injuries, 1 had a history of a dog bite and 1 was an intravenous drug user; 4 patients had no external injuries or wounds. Dysphagia was the main clinical manifestation for which patients sought medical treatment (50%). Of the 12 patients who died, 7 presented with confusion and seizure, 1 with acute kidney injury, and 2 with pneumonia. Conclusions Mortality due to tetanus is high in Afghanistan (Case Fatality Rate (CFR) 50%)), suggesting an urgent need for vaccination policy and programs, post-exposure protocols, and facilities equipped for the treatment of adult tetanus. The Ministry of Public Health of Afghanistan should seek to improve the accessibility, distribution and recording of tetanus immunization through vaccination.
Published: 2021
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44. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Afghanistan: A retrospective single center study

Author: Narges Bazgir, Masoud Mardani, Shohra Qaderi, Javad Zebarjadi Bagherpour, Jaffer Shah, Jalal Sayad, Ehsan Ghandchi, Asghar Shah, and Majid Samsami
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever, myalgia, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, 030106 microbiology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Antibodies, Viral, Single Center, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Manifestations, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Case fatality rate, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mortality, Retrospective Studies, Geography, business.industry, Mortality rate, Public health, Afghanistan, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hospitalization, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), Infectious Diseases, Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo, Female, Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean, Public Health, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Background Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a particular regional concern because of endemicity in Afghanistan and many neighboring countries. The prevalence of CCHF has been increasing in this region. These concerns are compounded because there is no vaccine or therapeutic for CCHF and Afghanistan lacks adequate public health infrastructure in preventing, detecting, and containing cases. This investigation aimed to study the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of CCHF in Afghanistan that might be useful in prevention and case detection, particularly in a limited resource setting. Method A descriptive and analytic retrospective study of epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of confirmed patients (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-positive for CCHF) who were admitted to referral infectious center of Afghanistan from March 2017, to December 2018, was carried out. Results There were 51 ELISA-confirmed CCHF patients, comprised of 14 females and 37 males. The mean age was 30 years of age, and there were 11 deaths. The case fatality rate (CFR) was 21.6% and was not significant between sexes (p = 0.8). Most cases were recorded from June to September, which is the period containing Eid-al-Adha. With regard to occupation, 13.7% and 11.8% of subjects were butchers and shepherds, respectively. The leading clinical manifestations were fever, hemorrhage, and myalgia. The mean time between onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital was 4.9 days in recovered cases and 4.7 days for expired cases. Conclusion The prevalence of CCHF is increasing in Afghanistan. The majority of cases visited the hospital during the late phase of infection. This delay can negatively affect the efficacy of treatment and lead to severe health outcomes. Our findings reveal that impaired Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hemorrhagic manifestations (including epistaxis), and impaired consciousness were factors associated with a higher mortality rate. These biomarkers may provide a clue to possible early effective interventions and increasing the chance of survival of the patients.
Published: 2021

45. Discontinuation of Transmission Precautions for COVID-19 Patients

Author: Evan D Bradner, Yuxuan Mao, Paul P. Cook, Jaffer Hussain, Rahim Jiwani, Rachel L Roper, Mai Badr, Jonathan Labbe, Elisabeth Lee, Ahmed Younes, Felix Afriyie, J. Stephen Stalls, Adrian Pona, and Ashley E. Burch
Subjects: isolation precautions, Microbiology (medical), Cycle threshold, medicine.medical_specialty, Isolation (health care), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, Original Articles, law.invention, Discontinuation, Transmission-based precautions, PCR, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), law, Internal medicine, diagnostics, medicine, business, Polymerase chain reaction
Abstract: Background The decision of when it is safe to discontinue transmission-based precautions for SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients has been controversial. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention offered reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic test- or symptom-based guidelines. Methods A retrospective chart review of Vidant Health system, Eastern North Carolina, was conducted. Length of stay, days in isolation unit, and date appropriate for discharge or isolation discontinuation based on the symptom-based strategy were recorded. Results Of 196 COVID hospitalized patients, 34 had repeated COVID PCR tests 3 or more days from their first positive test result. Half of these patients experienced delays in release from transmission-based precautions because of repeated positive PCR test results and use of the test-based approach. This resulted in an additional 166 days of hospitalization, costing an estimated $415,000. Furthermore, 2 subjects had a combined 16-day delay in necessary medical procedures. Most of the COVID PCR platforms yield quantitative results in the form of cycle threshold (Ct) values, the number of cycles needed to detect the genome. These values have also been used to assess whether patients are likely to remain contagious. None of our patients who met the criteria for symptom-based strategy for transmission-based precaution discontinuation had positive PCR test results with Ct values lower than 25, but 4 had Ct values lower than 30. Conclusions Concerns surround immunocompromised patients and those treated with steroids who might be delayed or incapable of stopping viral replication and thus remain contagious. Our results suggest that clinicians use all available data including Ct values to evaluate the safety of discontinuation of transmission precautions.
Published: 2021
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46. Targeting cancer stem cells with a pan-BCL-2 inhibitor in preclinical and clinical settings in patients with gastroesophageal carcinoma

Author: Ying Wang, Arlene M. Correa, Boyi Gan, Randy L. Johnson, Ailing W. Scott, Cordelia Y Li, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Jeannelyn S. Estrella, Longfei Huo, Shaozhong Wei, Lianchun Xiao, Brian Weston, Namita Shanbhag, Shumei Song, Yuan Li, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Guang Lei, Lang Ma, Jaffer A. Ajani, Manoop S. Bhutani, Bin Liu, Jeffrey H. Lee, Qiongrong Chen, and Jiankang Jin
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Esophageal Neoplasms, Apoptosis, Pilot Projects, Docetaxel, Molecular oncology, Article, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Stomach Neoplasms, In vivo, Cancer stem cell, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, Gastrointestinal cancer, YAP1, business.industry, Gossypol, Gastroenterology, Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cancer research, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: ObjectiveGastro-oesophageal cancers (GEC) are resistant to therapy and lead to poor prognosis. The cancer stem cells (CSCs) and antiapoptotic pathways often confer therapy resistance. We sought to elucidate the antitumour action of a BCL-2 inhibitor, AT101 in GEC in vitro, in vivo and in a clinical trial.MethodsExtensive preclinical studies in vitro and in vivo were carried out to establish the mechanism action of AT101 on targeting CSCs and antiapoptotic proteins. A pilot clinical trial in patients with GEC was completed with AT-101 added to standard chemoradiation.ResultsOverexpression of BCL-2 and MCL-1 was noted in gastric cancer tissues (GC). AT-101 induced apoptosis, reduced proliferation and tumour sphere formation in MCL-1/BCL-2 high GC cells. Interestingly, AT101 dramatically downregulated genes (YAP-1/Sox9) that control CSCs in GEC cell lines regardless of BCL-2/MCL-1 expression. Addition of docetaxel to AT-101 amplified its antiproliferation and induced apoptosis effects. In vivo studies confirmed the combination of AT101 and docetaxel demonstrated stronger antitumour activity accompanied with significant decrease of CSCs biomarkers (YAP1/SOX9). In a pilot clinical trial, 13 patients with oesophageal cancer (EC) received AT101 orally concurrently with chemoradiation. We observed dramatic clinical complete responses and encouraging overall survival in these patients. Clinical specimen analyses revealed that AT-101 dramatically reduced the expression of CSCs genes in treated EC specimens indicating antitumour activity of AT101 relies more on its anti-CSCs activity.ConclusionsOur preclinical and clinical data suggest that AT-101 overcomes resistance by targeting CSCs pathways suggesting a novel mechanism of action of AT101 in patients with GEC.
Published: 2021
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47. Professional learning communities at a primary and secondary school network in India

Author: Siamack Zahedi, Rhea Jaffer, Anuj Iyer, and Camille Bryant
Subjects: Classroom teaching, International research, Operationalization, International studies, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Professional development, 050301 education, Context (language use), Public relations, Education, Consistency (negotiation), Professional learning community, Political science, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, business, 0503 education, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract: Schools in India typically provide teachers with professional development in the form of workshops with a one-size-fits-all approach. However, a large body of international studies show this to be ineffective in transforming classroom practice, and the draft National Education Policy of India released in 2020 lists several shortcomings of current in-service professional development practices across the country. On the other hand, a large body of international research has emerged to show that professional learning communities (PLCs) are one of the most effective means to improving teacher practice and student learning. Yet, the National Education Policy does not make any explicit mention of PLCs. This study shows that the benefits of PLCs researched in international contexts may apply to the Indian context too because it was found that participation in PLCs might have supported increased collaboration among teachers, improved classroom teaching, and increased unity and consistency in practice across classrooms, at two schools in India. Also, this paper presents important findings related to the successful planning and operationalization of PLCs in the context of Indian schooling. It is hoped that with the publication of this study, public and private schools in India will be encouraged and better prepared to take steps towards the establishment of PLCs in their institutions as a key lever for school improvement.
Published: 2021
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48. Association of blood uric acid with the duration of diabetes in type 2 diabetics: A pilot study

Author: Mohammed Jaffer Pinjar, G Manogna, and Chandini K
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Type 2 diabetes, Disease, medicine.disease, Obesity, Gout, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Uric acid, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, business
Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus is the most common non-communicable disease which is vastly conquering both the developed & developing countries of the world. Hypothesis: serum uric acid plays as an independent risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Studies revealing the clearance of uric acid reduced with insulin resistance are few in numbers. A positive correlation between uric acid and glucose levels leads to the development of type 2 diabetes. To correlate the levels of blood uric acid with the duration of diabetes in type 2 diabetics. Fifteen type 2 diabetes patients with no history of any complications and other systemic organ & metabolic disorders like gout & obesity randomly selected for this cross-sectional study. A biochemical investigation, like the Uricase method employed for fasting serum uric acid levels estimation. Statistical analysis by the Pearson correlation test used. Positive correlation of serum uric acid with the duration of diabetes in type 2 diabetic patients found to be statistically significant (r = +0.6, p < 0.05). Out of fifteen, eleven of them were suffering from hyperuricemia (73%). Average uric acid level elevated from 6.88 ± 0.95 in people with the duration of diabetes 2 to 6 years to 7.61 ± 3.16 in people with the duration of diabetes 7 to 10 years. The positive association of fasting serum uric acid with the duration of type 2 diabetes suggests that uric acid acts as an independent biochemical marker for prognosis of the type 2 diabetes. Drugs that reduce the uric acid levels may be useful in avoiding the development and prognosis of insulin resistance that causes type 2 diabetes and other complications.
Published: 2021
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49. Long-term incidence and outcomes of obesity-related peripheral vascular disease after bariatric surgery

Author: Osama Moussa, Peter Collins, Silvia Muttoni, Alice Tang, Ara Faraj, Omar A. Khan, Usman Jaffer, Sanjay Purkayastha, and Maddalena Ardissino
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Ischaemia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Obesity, 030212 general & internal medicine, Retrospective Studies, Bariatric surgery, Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Science & Technology, business.industry, Vascular disease, Incidence, 1103 Clinical Sciences, ASSOCIATION, Vascular surgery, medicine.disease, Arterial disease, Obesity, Morbid, Surgery, Cardiac surgery, Venous insufficiency, Cardiothoracic surgery, Peripheral vascular disease, Cohort, Original Article, medicine.symptom, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Abdominal surgery
Abstract: Background and aims Patients with obesity are at high risk of suffering from arterial and venous peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Bariatric surgery is an effective strategy to achieve weight reduction for patients with obesity. The long-term impact of bariatric surgery on obesity-related morbidity is subject to increasing research interest. This study aimed to ascertain the impact of bariatric surgery on the long-term occurrence of PVD in patients with obesity. Methods The study population was extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a nation-wide database containing primary and secondary care records of consenting patients. The intervention cohort was 2959 patients who had undergone bariatric surgery during follow-up; their controls were 2959 propensity-score-matched counterparts. The primary endpoint was development of any PVD: arterial or venous. Secondary endpoints were incident peripheral arterial disease alone, incident peripheral venous disease alone. Results Three hundred forty-six patients suffered a primary endpoint during follow-up. Bariatric surgery did not improve peripheral vascular disease rates as a whole, but it was associated with significantly lower event rates of arterial disease (HR = 0.560, 95%CI 0.327–0.959, p = 0.035) but higher event rates of venous disease (HR = 1.685, 95%CI 1.256–2.262, p < 0.001). Conclusions Bariatric surgery was associated with significantly reduced long-term occurrence of arterial disease but increased occurrence of venous disease in patients with obesity.
Published: 2021
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50. Concurrent lymphovascular and perineural invasion after preoperative therapy for gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with decreased survival

Author: Brian D. Badgwell, Prajnan Das, Jeannelyn S. Estrella, Timothy E. Newhook, Bruce D. Minsky, Naruhiko Ikoma, Mariela A. Blum Murphy, Jaffer A. Ajani, Paul F. Mansfield, and Alisa N. Blumenthaler
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lymphovascular invasion, Perineural invasion, Adenocarcinoma, 030230 surgery, Perineum, Gastroenterology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Preoperative Care, medicine, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Preoperative Therapy, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Cancer, Chemoradiotherapy, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Lymphovascular, Confidence interval, Survival Rate, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Surgery, Lymph Nodes, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the impact of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) on survival outcomes in gastric cancer patients treated with preoperative therapy. METHODS Patients with gastric cancer treated with preoperative therapy and potentially curative resection were stratified according to the presence of LVI, PNI, or both. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the impact on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS The study included 281 patients, of whom 93 (33%) had LVI, 69 (25%) had PNI, 51 (18%) had both LVI and PNI, and 170 (61%) had neither. LVI and PNI were each associated with higher ypT and ypN categories and more positive lymph nodes (all p
Published: 2021
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