1. Plasma carotenoids and vitamin C concentrations and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- Author
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Genevieve Buckland, Salvatore Panico, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Steffen Weikert, Domenico Palli, Florence Perquier, J. R. Quirós, Börje Ljungberg, Rudolf Kaaks, Anne Tjønneland, Vardis Dilis, Göran Hallmans, Jenny Chang-Claude, Pagona Lagiou, Peeters Phm., Timothy J. Key, Nerea Larrañaga, Valeria Pala, Jansen Ehjm., Khaw K-T., Rosario Tumino, Frederike L. Büchner, José María Huerta, Kim Overvad, Roy Ehrnström, María José Sánchez, Carlotta Sacerdote, Marina Kvaskoff, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Peter Wallström, Inger T. Gram, Martine M. Ros, Nicholas J. Wareham, Aben Kkh., N. Roswall, Aurelio Barricarte, H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, Lars Egevad, Ellen Kampman, Heiner Boeing, Paul Brennan, Antonia Trichopoulou, Guri Skeie, Naomi E. Allen, Elio Riboli, C. H. van Gils, Ros, Mm, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Kampman, E, Aben, Kk, B?chner, Fl, Jansen, Eh, van Gils, Ch, Egevad, L, Overvad, K, Tj?nneland, A, Roswall, N, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Kvaskoff, M, Perquier, F, Kaaks, R, Chang Claude, J, Weikert, S, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Dilis, V, Palli, D, Pala, V, Sacerdote, C, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Ph, Gram, It, Skeie, G, Huerta, Jm, Barricarte, A, Quir?s, Jr, S?nchez, Mj, Buckland, G, Larra?aga, N, Ehrnstr?m, R, Wallstr?m, P, Ljungberg, B, Hallmans, G, Key, Tj, Allen, Ne, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Brennan, P, Riboli, E, and Kiemeney, La
- Subjects
Male ,Lutein ,Nutrition and Disease ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Ascorbic Acid ,Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5] ,Gastroenterology ,Cohort Studies ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Voeding en Ziekte ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,physicians health ,Carotenoid ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Incidence ,Retinol ,Middle Aged ,European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ,Europe ,antioxidants ,beta-carotene ,controlled-trial ,Female ,bladder-cancer ,retinol ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,beta-Carotene ,alpha-tocopherol ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Molecular epidemiology Aetiology, screening and detection [NCEBP 1] ,VLAG ,Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,Papilloma ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,fruit ,Ascorbic acid ,Carotenoids ,Diet ,Endocrinology ,vegetable consumption ,chemistry ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Case-Control Studies ,Urothelium ,business ,serum ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background: Published associations between dietary carotenoids and vitamin C and bladder cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more accurate measures of nutrient status. Objective: We investigated the association between plasma carotenoids and vitamin C and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Design: A total of 856 patients with newly diagnosed UCC were matched with 856 cohort members by sex, age at baseline, study center, date and time of blood collection, and fasting status. Plasma carotenoids (alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin) were measured by using reverse-phase HPLC, and plasma vitamin C was measured by using a colorimetric assay. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for smoking status, duration, and intensity. Results: UCC risk decreased with higher concentrations of the sum of plasma carotenoids (IRR for the highest compared with the lowest quartile: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.93; P-trend = 0.04). Plasma beta-carotene was inversely associated with aggressive UCC (IRR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.88; P-trend = 0.02). Plasma lutein was inversely associated with risk of nonaggressive UCC (IRR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.98; P-trend = 0.05). No association was observed between plasma vitamin C and risk of UCC. Conclusions: Although residual confounding by smoking or other factors cannot be excluded, higher concentrations of plasma carotenoids may reduce risk of UCC, in particular aggressive UCC. Plasma lutein may reduce risk of nonaggressive UCC. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96:902-10.
- Published
- 2012