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Context. The task for electric energy accumulation in non-electrochemical way but by means of electrons and spins was developed on the basis of quantum accumulators and spin capacitors. Synthesized clathrates of 4 folds expanded GaSe matrix with guest component sodium nitrite NaNO2, Iron II Sulfate FeSO4 and combination of them NaNO2⊕FeSO4 are the object of research.Objective. Synthesis of heterostructured nanocomposite materials with large developed interface, anisotropic electric conductance and high values of dielectric permittivity in combination with loss tangent less than 1.Method. The intercalation approach to heterostructured nanocomposite materials formation was proposed. It allows creating developed atomic-molecular complexes of host-guest type and hierarchical structures of subhost-host-guest type. The X-ray diffractometry data show the structural changes in macro composite NaNO2⊕FeSO4 at the transition to the guest nanoscale geometry. With the help of frequency dependence of specific complex impedance the main features of current flow and charge accumulation processes in synthesized nanohybrids and effect of cointercalation were determined. Impedance photo- and magneto- responses show a gigantic photodielectric, magnetoresistive and magnetocapacitive effects at room temperature. These effects open up a new possibilities of theirs application as highly sensitive sensors of constant magnetic and light wave field.Results. Clathrates GaSe , GaSe та GaSe were synthesized. Electric charge accumulation at the interface was determined. The effects of negative photoconductivity and giant magnetoresistance, drastic increase in photo-EMF, giant photodielectric and magnetocapacitive effects were registered at room temperature.Conclusions. Cointercalation of NaNO2⊕FeSO4 modifies the energetic specter of GaSe more than individual intercalation. Synthesized clathrates are promising materials for novel approaches in thechnology of highly sensible sensors of capacitive type for magnetic and light wave field at room temperatures as well as for quantum accumulators and quantum capacitors as a new alternative of chemical power sources

This paper deals with an electric energy storage system (ESS) of distributed structure composed from the hybrid energy storage modules (HESM). Each module consists of the lead acid battery and the supercapacitor (SC) pack, which are connected to each other by the bidirectional DC-DC converter. The uniqueness of the proposed structure is that the DC-bus of whole ESS is formed by means of adding the SC pack voltages of all modules. For low voltage modules, it is proposed to use an ecologically acceptable SC with aqueous solution of KOH. Such SC has a low production cost, but also low voltage, no more than 1.2 V. For increasing specific characteristics of the SC with nonorganic electrolyte, the technology of its production was developed. This technology includes the next stages: receiving the biocarbon material from flax fibers with a developed specific surface area, carbonization and activation of the flax biocarbon at optimum regimes, its doping with iron, folding the electrodes, filling them with electrolyte, and sealing the cells. A control system was developed for the created HESM. The proposed HESM is built by Matlab/Simulink to verify its feasibility. Finally, a prototype of HESM is also set up to test the performance.

The dielectric constant and the loss tangent of such nanostructured materials as MCM-41 with encapsulated into its pores, the ferroelectric liquid crystal (LC) or rhodamine 6G and B dyes, as well as the characteristics of the intercalated GaSe by the L-aspartic acid (LAA) are investigated. Influence of microwave irradiation on characteristics of the MCM-41 nanohybrid and impact of illumination along the crystallographic c-axis on the GaSe nanostructure are described.

We have found that the structures based on ITO/tri(9-hexylcarbazol-3-yl)amine/Ca/Al fabricated by means of vacuum deposition generate acoustic oscillations when pulse voltage is applied. Impedance spectroscopy study indicates the presence of significant inductive response, which is the result of significant energy barriers at the semiconductor-metal interface. We assume that a very heterogeneous spatial distribution of the electric field at the organic/metal interface and the noncoplanarity of the molecules cause the electrostriction effect in the structures.

Three types of nanohybridized structures such as organic/dielectric, organic/semiconductor, and organic/graphen-like ones are investigated. The effect of ultrasonic exposure on the material structure and its influence on the dielectric permeability and on the dielectric loss tangent are studied for the first type of nanostructures. The magnetoresistance of a structure at room temperature is studied in the second type of materials. The change of the kinetic parameters of the intercalation process is shown for the third type of nanohybrid structures.

We performed impedance spectroscopy studies on intercalated multilayer structures of type-layered inorganic semiconductor (gallium selenide and indium selenide)/organic semiconductors (N,N′-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide), which revealed the appearance of low-frequency inductive response as a result of intercalation of organic semiconductors (OS) into inorganic semiconducting layers. A current–voltage characteristic has the shape of Coulomb steps with a step 0.32 V that are blurred due to superimposition of electric field and illumination. An applied electric field and illumination during the introduction of OS leads to the formation of electrets and photoelectret states that modify polarisation and photoprocesses in accordance with the conductivity type of nonorganic matrix.

Impedance spectroscopy studies performed for intercalated multilayer structures of the type of a layered inorganic semiconductor (InSe)/conducting polymer (PEDOT:PSS) revealed low-frequency inductive response and the growth of dielectric permeability in megahertz region together with the decrease of dielectric loss angle down to one as a consequence of the conducting polymer intercalation into semiconducting layers. A model describing the unusual current–voltage characteristic is proposed.

In this work, for the first time, photosensitive nanostructures with alternate semiconductor and magnetic oriented nematic molecular nanolayers were obtained. The established dependency on the ordering type of kinetic and optical properties is deserving attention. For the first time, the notion of ‘rotary’ polaron in such structures is introduced and microscopic model is created, which explains band structure transformation. The model is well coordinated with experimental optical data, which, at the same time, indicate the prospects of application of materials obtained due to the intercalation engineering for photoenergetics.

The multilayer structure consisting of alternating semiconductor (InSe) and molecular nematic (MN) nanointerlayers has been prepared using the intercalation techniques. The stages of the preparation of the InSe〈MN〉 structures have been described, and the results of investigation of their physical properties by impedance spectroscopy have been reported. The structures of the impedance models have been proposed, and prospects for their use as ultrahigh-capacitance varicaps and nanostructured elements of delay lines that can be directly incorporated into nanochips have been justified.

We report on stable in time organic photovoltaic devices based on metal-phthalocyanine structures, which were formed by vacuum deposition of nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc). The reported stability is due to ultra-thin zinc oxide (ZnO) layer formed at low temperature on top of the structure (beneath the metal contact) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. We performed comparative analysis of current density–voltage characteristics and frequency dependencies of the impedance for freshly made ITO/NiPc/ZnO/Al and ITO/NiPc/Al devices and after storage during one month in air. We conclude that introducing of ultra-thin ZnO film into under-cathode region of ITO/NiPc/Al structure provides long-term protection of NiPc films from atmospheric effects.

The effect of laser radiation on the impurity energy spectrum of intercalated structures is studied by the example of 〈Co〉0.015GaSe. By the variations in frequency dependences of resistivity measured normally to the layers of the obtained structure and by the transformation of the Nyquist diagrams consisting of two connected in series parallel R ‖ C units, a conclusion is made on the laser-stimulated compensation of the intercalant. The obtained values of the real part of permittivity are characteristic of doped semiconductors or their alloys in the radio-frequency range. The experimental results showed that the pulsed laser irradiation is an effective method to affect the energy impurity spectrum of intercalated compounds.

The mechanisms of the photoelectretic effect appearing on Ni intercalation GaSe were studied. The presence of the photoelectretic effect for such an object of investigation can be explained by the estimation that in Ni intercalated GaSe , the nonequilibrium electrons and holes excited by light occurred on an asymmetric potential well.

Capacitor nano structure for alternative current circuits by intercalation technology method is formed. It is shown the 100 times capacitance increase in comparison to well known volumetric-porous structures. Up to now the most important problem in the microelectronics, electron technique production miniaturization has been solved in the micron sizes. The same tendency is considered for capacitor technology. The different parameters, achieved in this direction are given in Table 1 [1].

Heterophase nanostructures with alternate semiconductor and electrolytic seams are received. It is shown that the insertion of a polymer composition into the van der Waals gap of crystals causes the additional potential barriers in them. A non-monotone change of the resistance of the obtained structure under applied potential, as well as the strong low-frequency dispersion, has been found out, which can be due to the polarization of double electric layers.