Search

With the advent of the 5G network era, the convenience of mobile smartphones has become increasingly prominent, the use of mobile applications has become wider and wider, and the number of mobile applications. However, the privacy of mobile applications and the security of users' privacy information are worrying. This article aims to study the ratings of data and machine learning on the privacy security of mobile applications, and uses the experiments in this article to conduct data collection, data analysis, and summary research. This paper experimentally establishes a machine learning model to realize the prediction of privacy scores of Android applications. The establishment of this model is based on the intent of using sensitive permissions in the application and related metadata. It is to create a regression function that can implement the mapping of applications to score . Experimental data shows that the feature vector prediction model can uniquely be used to represent the actual usage and scheme of a system's specific permissions for the application.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic seriously endangers the public's mental health, especially to pregnant and postpartum women. But little is known about postpartum depression and health care needs among Chinese postpartum women. Aim To investigate the status and risk factors of postpartum depression and health care needs among Chinese postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 209 Chinese postpartum women were recruited from May to July 2020 by convenience sampling and assessed online with self-designed Maternal General Information Questionnaire, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and Chinese Version of the Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS). Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results With the EPDS cut-off value of 10, the incidence of postpartum depressive symptoms was 56.9%. Age, history of abortion and perceived stress were the influencing factors of postpartum depression (adjusted R2 = 0.432, F = 23.611, p

Background To explore the relationship between the status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and overall survival (OS) in de novo lung adenocarcinoma. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 291 lung adenocarcinoma subjects with exact EGFR status. The cases were divided into a mutant-type group (124 patients) and wild-type group (167 patients) according to the status of EGFR. The general information, OS, and possible risk factors influencing the OS were also evaluated. Results The EGFR mutation rate was 42.6% (124/291 patients), and there were statistically significant differences in gender, smoking history, and OS (P0.05). The most common subtypes of EGFR mutations were exon 19 and exon 21. The median OS of the total population was 30.20 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 25.94–34.46 months] and the OS in the mutant-type group was better than in the wild-type group (P

Flexible solar cells are promising for space applications due to their unique properties including lightweight and flexibility. In particular, flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) with high eff...

Due to the random volatility, a large amount of renewable energy will bring challenges to the security and stability of distribution network. Comprehensive consideration of system economics, security and flexibility has become the focus of research on distribution network optimization planning under the new situation. For the flexible resource allocation problem of distribution network, this paper analyzes the supply and demand relationship of the flexibility of the distribution network, and establishes a bi-level operation-planning joint optimization model for flexible resources. In the operational layer, we not only introduce the insufficient flexibility rate as the evaluation index of system flexibility, but also introduce the network loss, the abandoned wind and solar energy in the economic penalty, aiming at optimizing the annual operating cost of the system. In the planning layer, we evaluate the system security by introducing the comprehensive security index of the system, aiming at optimizing the annual comprehensive cost of the system. In addition, this paper also considers the third-party companies' investment in energy storage system in the electricity market, and further analyses the impact of energy storage operation strategies under different investors on flexible resource allocation. In this paper, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the bi-level allocation model. Finally, the IEEE 33-bus test system is used for verification and analysis of the case. The results verify the validity and rationality of the proposed bi-level allocation model.

Two-dimensional ferroelectric materials can maintain stable polarization with atomic layer thickness, and they have a wide range of technological applications in transistors, resistive memories, energy collectors and other multi-functional sensors for highly integrated flexible electronics. Domain evolution should be considered when 2d ferroelectric material-based devices are applied in a radiation environment, which may induce radiation damage and performance degradation. In this work, we investigate the domain evolution and photodetection performance degradation of α-In2Se3 nanoflakes induced by the total dose effect of 60Co γ-rays. The phonon modes change with an increase in total dose, while the domain structure changes in α-In2Se3 based transistors. Domain evolution may be one of the main reasons for the photoresponsivity degradation of these transistors. This investigation can provide a solid base for future research, and immediate applications in 2d ferroelectric material-based devices can be contemplated.

Dynamic electrocardiogram and multi-spiral computed tomography (MSCT) myocardial perfusion imaging are commonly used in clinical examination methods, which can provide important reference for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease. To analyze and compare the application value of dynamic electrocardiogram and MSCT myocardial perfusion imaging in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease.The clinical data of 79 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease admitted in our hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were retrospectively collected. Exercise load/rest myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) confirmed the presence of myocardial ischemia, and the patients were all examined by dynamic electrocardiogram and MSCT. The diagnosis of exercise load/resting MPI was used as a benchmark to compare the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the different tests in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease.As confirmed by the exercise load/rest MPI, the 79 included patients had myocardial ischemia. Fifty-five cases of myocardial ischemia were detected by dynamic electrocardiogram, of which 33 cases showed horizontal depression of the ST segment. Also, 15 cases exhibited downward oblique depression, and seven cases showed upward oblique depression. MSCT examination showed that 78 patients had myocardial ischemia, of which 74 showed abnormal myocardial perfusion when contracted. Of these patients, 47 showed reversible perfusion filling, 20 exhibited partially reversible perfusion filling, and seven showed fixed perfusion defects. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of dynamic electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease were 60.76%, 72.15%, 69.62%, respectively, while those of MSCT were 91.14%, 75.94%, and 86.07%, respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy of MSCT examination were significantly higher than those of dynamic electrocardiogram examination (P0.05), and the specificity was slightly higher than that of dynamic electrocardiogram examination, but this difference was not statistically significant (P0.05).Compared to dynamic electrocardiogram examination, MSCT myocardial perfusion imaging has superior sensitivity and accuracy in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease, and can provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Stroke generates significant health and social burdens. Self-management has potential importance for supporting individuals in coping and continuing to progress after stroke. However, there is a lack of targeted programs to enhance self-management and reduce self-perceived burden (SPB) following stroke.Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a goal-oriented intervention on self-management behaviors and SPB among patients after acute stroke.Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial with a 4-weeks intervention. Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 48) or control group (n = 48). The intervention and control groups received eight sessions of goal-oriented self-management intervention based on Pender's health promotion model and control care, respectively. Self-management behaviors and SPB were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results: After the 1-month follow-up, there were significant differences in the total self-management behaviors score and the scores of six of the self-management dimensions, excluding diet management, between the intervention group and the control group (t = −7.891– −2.815; p ≤ 0.006). Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in the physical burden, emotional burden, and total SPB scores (t = 2.102–2.071; p = 0.015–0.041). The economic burden score was not significantly different between the two groups (t = 1.707; p = 0.091).Conclusion: The goal-oriented intervention based on Pender's health promotion model can effectively improve self-management behaviors and reduce physical and emotional SPB among stroke survivors.

BACKGROUND No tumor biomarker (TM) is available for de novo metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. OBJECTIVE To examine the serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA125, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to predict de novo metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS This was a retrospective study of geriatric (⩾ 60 years of age) patients with lung cancer diagnosed at Shanxi Cancer Hospital from 02/2012 to 12/2017. CEA, CYFRA21-1, CA199, NSE, CA125, TPA, and TPS were detected by ELISA and LDH was detected by LDH kit. Their predictive value was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The positive rates of LDH and TMs were higher in the metastatic group (all P< 0.05). The best single TMs were CYFRA21-1 (70.5% sensitivity) and CA199 (92.0% specificity). When using any two, the best were CYFRA21-1+TPA (77.1% sensitivity) and CA199+TPA or NSE (both 84.1% specificity). High LDH and CA125 statuses were each independently associated with brain, bone, liver, and lung metastases (all P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal level of LDH and TMs, alone or in combination, had predictive value for metastasis in geriatric patients with lung adenocarcinoma; these indicators were also associated with the metastatic site.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been developed rapidly in recent years, representing the most promising candidates for photovoltaics. Regarding their application in spacecraft, it is essential to exploring the space radiation tolerance of PSCs. In this paper, the mechanism of performance degradation of ternary cation (methylammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA) and cesium (Cs)) lead trihalide perovskite planar heterojunction (PHJ) solar cells under gamma-ray radiation was analyzed layer by layer. The results demonstrate that PSCs experience obvious performance degradation under gamma-ray irradiation, especially undergoing apparent recession of short-circuit current density (Jsc) and accordingly power conversion efficiency (PCE). They are mainly attributed to the phase transition of perovskite films and the color appearance of the glass substrate induced by the irradiation, deteriorating the perovskite film absorbance and the substrate transmittance. These results serve as a strong necessity to improve the stability of PSCs for the future application in aerospace.

Hierarchical polydomain nanostructures, usually formed in epitaxial films, serve to fully relax the misfits between the film and substrate, as well as the strains between the poly-twin variants of the film material. The minimization of the elastic energy endows this type of structure superior stability over other domain architectures. However, the existence of energetically degenerate polytwin variants and their intersecting domain boundaries often led to undesirable functional properties in non-engineered films. Here we show that such nanostructures in epitaxial perovskite ferroelectric films can be crystallographically engineered to eliminate intersecting domain boundaries, thereby achieving an improved ferroelectric performance. In addition to a reduced coercive field and increased dielectric and piezoelectric responses, this type of ferroelectric polydomain nanostructure shows an enhanced ferroelectric polarization with a substantially improved fatigue resistance, as opposed to non-engineered nanostructures with intersecting domain boundaries. These findings suggest an alternative route for the fabrication of highly-reliable nonvolatile ferroelectric memory devices, and may find broader applications in piezoelectrics and energy storage.

Fault diagnosis technology (FDT) is an effective tool to ensure stability and reliable operation in wind turbines. In this paper, a novel fault diagnosis methodology based on a cloud bat algorithm (CBA)-kernel extreme learning machines (KELM) approach for wind turbines is proposed via combination of the multisensor data fusion technique and time-domain analysis. First, the derived method calculates the time-domain indices of raw signals, and the fused time-domain indexes dataset are obtained by the multisensor data fusion. Then, the CBA-based KELM recognition model that can identify fault patterns of a wind turbine gearbox (WTB) is automatically established with the fused dataset. The dataset includes a large number of samples involving 6 fault types under different operational conditions by 5 accelerometers. The effectiveness and feasibility of this proposed method are proved by adopting the datasets originated from the test rig, and it achieves a diagnostic accuracy of 96.25%. Finally, compared with the other peer-to-peer methods, the experimental classification results show that the proposed CBA-KELM technique has the best performances.

In this work, α-In 2 Se 3 based transistors with channel widths of 20 μm have been irradiated with 60Co γ-rays. The radiation induced photoresponsivity degradation, radiation stability, and time annealing effect on α-In 2 Se 3 based transistor have been investigated. Both the radiation induced domain evolution and the time annealing effect decrease the photoresponsivity of α-In 2 Se 3 based transistor. Phonon modes, domain structure, and surface topography of the α-In 2 Se 3 nanoflakes have been investigated in details for revealing the mechanism of the photoresponsivity degradation. The results show that the surface topography damage of α-In 2 Se 3 may be the main factor affecting the radiation stability in the time annealing. It is very interesting that the in-situ electric stress can heal the photoresponsivity decreased by the time annealing effect, because the captured free carriers can be freed by the voltage sweeping. Considering that the α-In 2 Se 3 based transistors can still be used as photodetectors after an irradiation of 1 Mrad(Si) and a time annealing of one year, α- In 2 Se 3 is promising for photodetector in extreme environmental conditions.

The impact of Ge profile on the TID susceptibility of SiGe HBTs from two manufacturers is investigated based on TCAD simulation. The results indicate that the modulation of potential distribution across the base region by Ge grading has significant impacts on the base current degradation. The Box Ge profile can cause a strong retarding potential near the EB junction, thereby leading to high recombination rates at the trap-enriched EB-spacer/SiGe interface. While Ge profiles with high accelerating field near the EB junction can prevent the injected carriers from diffusing to the EB-spacer/SiGe interface and suppress the increase of excess base current. Besides, this impact of Ge profile is closely related to the base thickness and integrated Ge content.

Objective. This study is aimed at teasing out the correlation of plasma D-dimer (D-D) levels to age, metastasis, TNM stage (tumor-node-metastasis classification), and treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients of different ages, to facilitate early diagnosis of hypercoagulable state, choose appropriate treatment, and use appropriate anticoagulants. Hence, thrombosis and complications caused by excessive anticoagulants can be prevented; thrombus or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and other complications in elderly patients with NSCLC can be reduced or avoided. By monitoring the level of plasma D-D in patients with NSCLC, recurrence and metastasis can be predicted in the early stage and the TNM stage can be evaluated. Methods. A total of 670 patients with NSCLC were selected in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from March 2014 to October 2020 as the experimental group, and 950 healthy people were selected from the physical examination center of the same hospital as the control group. The data of patients with NSCLC diagnosed for the first time without any treatment were collected and grouped based on metastasis, TNM stage, treatment, and pathological type, and the correlation with plasma D-D level was analyzed. Plasma D-D levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry on an ACL TOP 700 Automatic Coagulation Analyzer. The patients were further divided into two groups according to different treatment methods, and the differences in plasma D-D levels between patients receiving chemotherapy and those receiving targeted therapy in different treatment cycles were analyzed. The correlation between D-D levels and age in healthy controls was analyzed. The difference in D-D levels between NSCLC patients and healthy controls of the same age was analyzed. Results. All data of both the experimental group and the control group were normally distributed. The average age of the experimental group was 61.31 ± 6.23 (range: 36-92) years. The average age of the control group was 61.14 ± 11.12 (range: 35-85) years. There was no significant difference in gender between the experimental group and the control group ( p > 0.05 ). The plasma D-D level of NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls ( p < 0.05 ). No significant difference in plasma D-D level was found between NSCLC patients of different genders, and the finding was similar between healthy controls of different genders ( p > 0.05 ). Significant difference in the D-D level was found between the groups of 30-59 years and 60-69 years ( p < 0.05 ), between groups of 60-69 years and 70-79 years ( p < 0.05 ), and between 70-79 years and ≥80 years ( p < 0.05 ). The plasma D-D level of patients ≤ 79 years old increased with age, but it decreased in those over 80 years old. According to Pearson correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between the D-D level and the age of NSCLC patients under 79 years old ( p < 0.05 ). The differences in D-D levels between the four age groups were statistically significant ( p < 0.05 ), showing an upward trend of the D-D level in healthy controls with the increase of age. There were statistically significant differences in D-D levels between NSCLC patients and healthy controls of the matching age group ( p < 0.05 ), suggesting that NSCLC patients had significantly higher D-D levels than healthy people of the same age group. The differences in D-D levels between NSCLC patients without metastasis, NSCLC patients with metastasis, and healthy people were statistically significant ( p < 0.05 ). The patients with metastasis had the highest D-D level, and healthy people had the lowest D-D level. The difference in plasma D-D levels between patients of different TNM stages was statistically significant ( p < 0.05 ). Patients with an advanced TNM stage tended to have higher D-D levels. The TNM stage and D-D level of NSCLC patients changed significantly before and after treatment. An earlier stage was related to a more obvious change in D-D levels after treatment with a statistically significant difference ( p < 0.05 ). A more advanced stage was associated with a smaller change in the D-D level after treatment, with no statistically significant difference ( p > 0.05 ). The plasma D-D levels before and after four cycles of chemotherapy or targeted therapy were higher than those of the healthy control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( p < 0.05 ). The D-D level of patients after chemotherapy was significantly lower than that before chemotherapy ( p < 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference before and after targeted therapy ( p > 0.05 ). The D-D level after the first cycle of chemotherapy was higher than that before chemotherapy. The level of D-D after the third and fourth cycles was significantly lower than that before chemotherapy ( p < 0.05 ). No significant difference was found between the D-D level before treatment and that after four cycles of chemotherapy ( p > 0.05 ). Conclusion. It is suggested that coagulation test indexes should be included to evaluate the treatment regimen for NSCLC patients. Most patients with NSCLC are in a hypercoagulable state, which is related to age, tumor invasion and metastasis, recurrence, and treatment. Regular monitoring of plasma D-D levels can facilitate early diagnosis of a hypercoagulable state and timely and appropriate use of anticoagulants, to avoid or reduce complications such as venous thromboembolism in NSCLC patients and to prevent the risk of bleeding caused by excessive anticoagulants. Clinicians can choose the treatment with less harm and maximum benefit for NSCLC patients based on the plasma D-D level. When in a hypercoagulable state, the body’s blood viscosity increases, making it more conducive to the growth and infiltration of tumor cells. Our study shows that the recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC are related to coagulation indexes, which provides a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of recurrent and metastatic NSCLC.

Background Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder and lacks treatment consensus. Herein, we report a case of iMCD complicated with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and secondary membranous nephropathy (SMN). Case presentation A 45-year-old female with dry mouth for 3 months and anasarca and proteinuria for 2 months was admitted. She also experienced chest tightness, wheezing, fever, weight loss, moderate proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a tissue mass in the thymus area and enlarged multiple lymph nodes. Her symptoms did not improve after resection of the thymus mass. The pathological findings were “reactive hyperplasia of the mediastinal lymph nodes and thymic hyperplasia”. Lymph node biopsy findings confirmed iMCD with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) negativity. Based on anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) 1:320, anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibody positivity, salivary flow less than 0.1 ml/min and lip biopsy with focal lymphocytic sialadenitis, SS was diagnosed. Kidney biopsy showed secondary membranous nephropathy with endocapillary cell proliferation and infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes in the tubulointerstitium. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly increased, and therapy with tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor antibody) worked well. The combination of cyclophosphamide (CyS) with methylprednisolone (MP) maintained satisfactory remission. Conclusions Our case of iMCD with SS and SMN is rare. There is a need for increased awareness of the disease to avoid unnecessary procedures and misdiagnoses. IL-6 was extremely high, and there was a rapid response to anti-IL-6 receptor agents. The combination of CyS with MP maintained complete remission.

Transparent flexible electronics have captured tremendous attention as the next-generation of electronic devices. Recently, flexible devices for wearing are in high demand in practical applications under special circumstances, such as aeronautics and astronautics, which require highly-transparent and large-scale flexibility, as well as stability at elevated temperature. Here, highly transparent, epitaxial Pb(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric thin films were fabricated on Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) transparent electrodes on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) bufferred mica substrate using pulsed laser deposition. The structural, optical, mechanical, and electrical properties of these all-oxide heterostructures of the PZT/ITO/YSZ/mica were studied. The heteroepitaxy exhibit a high transmittance and an excellent remarkable mechanical properties with robust operation in bending cycle tests. Moreover, the electrical properties are examined to show the preservation of the primitive properties of PZT. Various bending tests are performed to show the tunability of functionalities and to confirm that the heterostructures retain the physical properties under repeated cycles at high temperature. These results demonstrated that these high-performance transparent flexible capacitors would open a route for the applications in transparent flexible devices under harsh conditions.

Degradation characteristics and mechanisms of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) were investigated under swift heavy-ion irradiation. AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were exposed to 800 MeV Bi ions with fluence up to 5.28 × 10 10 ions/cm 2 . Post-irradiation measurement shows that the saturation drain current reduced by 15%, the maximum transconductance decreased by more than 27%, and both the positive and negative gate characteristics degraded dramatically. By the off-state examination using the Photo Emission Microscopy (PEM), electroluminescence hot spots were found in the gate areas, which indicates new leakage passages produced by heavy-ion bombardment. Micro cross sections were prepared at hot spot areas by dual-beam focused ion beam (FIB) and examined using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The presence of latent tracks throughout the whole hetero-junction area was confirmed. Latent tracks, which related to the high density ionizing energy-loss, play a role of new leakage paths and account for the increment of gate leakage. Moreover, nonionizing energy-loss induced defects decrease the charge density in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and reduce the carrier mobility, leading to the degradation of device output performances.

We are interested in the existence and asymptotic behavior of smooth solutions to the hydrodynamic model of semiconductors with non-zero doping profile. Within the insulating boundary conditions, recently, a steady state for any doping profile with large amplitude was obtained by using the calculus of variations. In this paper, the obtained steady state is regarded as the background solution. Utilizing energy methods and entropy analysis, we prove the existence of smooth solutions to the hydrodynamic model. As a by-product, we show the smooth solution convergent to the background solution with exponential decay rate.

The power market reform broke the monopoly operation mode of vertical integration of power grid company, and the open market environment gave birth to diversified market participants. In order to balance the interests of various market entities and maximize the total social benefits. This paper proposes a double-layer optimal configuration model of active distribution network with multiple market entities under power reform. The upper model considers the maximum economic benefits of energy and service providers, including distributed generation investors, distribution companies and energy storage operators, and considers the energy storage operation strategies under different investment entities. The lower model considers the user side economic benefits and ensures maximum user satisfaction through demand response. In this paper, the model is simulated by IEEE33 distribution network system. The results show that the model can effectively improve the interests of various market entities and improve the total social benefits.

With the reform of the power market, the distribution network side is gradually released, and the investment on the distribution network side has a huge impact on the distribution network planning. In particular, investment in energy storage has become the focus of investment in distribution networks in recent years. This paper establishes a comprehensive evaluation system for active distribution network planning considering economic, environmental protection, power supply quality and safety assessment. The grid companies and third-party companies are used as different investment entities to analyze the energy storage operation strategy. Based on the comprehensive evaluation system and energy storage operation strategy, a multi-objective optimization model for distribution energy resource in active distribution networks was established. Finally, the example is simulated by using the "2 supply and 1 standby" medium voltage distribution network topology. The simulation results verify the feasibility ADN effectiveness of the model.

Flexible resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) device is one of the promising candidates for non-volatile memory used in space because of its features such as simple structure, high speed, low power consumption, durability and lightweight with reduction in thickness. Al-In-O/InOx self-mixing layer can be applied for flexible RRAM due to its low annealing temperature (i.e. temperatures

The aim of this study was to assess the levels of self-perceived burden (SPB) and self-management behavior in elderly stroke survivors during the first 3 months after acute stroke, and to explore the correlation between them.A total of 203 consecutive hospitalized elderly patients diagnosed with stroke were recruited. Self-perceived Burden Scale and Stroke Self-management Scale in 1 month (T1) and 3 months (T2) post-stroke were assessed and compared.The score of SPB in elderly stroke survivors was 28.96 ± 5.50 and 27.25 ± 6.17 at T1 and T2, respectively. Stroke self-management scale scored 165.93 ± 9.82 at T1 and 167.29 ± 10.60 at T2. In the first 3 months post-stroke, the physical burden was dominant (T1 14.73 ± 3.07, T2 14.40 ± 3.13), and the behavior of stroke symptoms and signs monitoring (T1 27.58 ± 6.56, T2 28.64 ± 6.43) and rehabilitation exercise management (T1 21.40 ± 3.28, T2 20.74 ± 3.15) was the worst. SPB was negatively correlated with self-management behavior (T1 r = -.202, T2 r = -.511).Elderly stroke survivors experienced a medium level of SPB and self-management behavior in the first 3 months post-stroke. There is a positive relationship between reduced SPB and improved self-management behavior. Addressing the characteristics and correlations as well as development of targeted interventions for SPB decreasing is beneficial to improving self-management behavior for elderly survivors.

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials-based photodetectors have attracted great attention because of quick response time, excellent photoresponsivity and high light/dark current ratio. α-In2Se3 is one of the interesting 2D vdW materials for photodetectors because of the interrelated in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) polarizations. It has been demonstrated that the polarizations can be used to regulate photoresponsivity of the α-In2Se3 nanoflakes based photodetectors. In addition, domain evolution may be related to the photoresponsivity degradation when the α-In2Se3 nanoflakes based photodetectors are in radiation environment. However, it is still unclear the effect of ionization and displacement damage on photoresponsivity induced by radiation particles. In this article, the α-In2Se3 based transistors for photodetectors are exposed in the 60Co γ-rays environment to induce the photoresponsivity degradation, all the channel width is about 95–100 μm for observing significant radiation effects. In order to investigate the intrinsic photoresponsivity degradation of the α-In2Se3 based transistors, a 405 nm laser is used as the light source to measure the photoresponsivity. The photoresponsivity of the devices is significantly degraded with increasing irradiation dose. Besides these, the dark current and Se atoms ratio decrease as the increasing of total dose. It may show complicate coupling radiation effect that the domain evolution induced by both the ionization effect and displacement effect promotes the photoresponsivity degradation. After a total dose of 1 Mrad (Si) 60Co γ-rays, the photodetector can still be used to detect the light with a high photoresponsivity of about 107 A/W when the input optical power density is about 454 μW/cm2. Our results may promote the investigation of radiation effect in 2D vdW materials-based photodetectors.

Job-related stress had adverse effects on both patients and community nurses. To evaluate stress, an effective and reliable instrument was needed. The aim of this study was to develop a short-form Chinese Community Nurse Stress Scale and examine its psychometric properties.A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 969 community nurses were selected from 56 community centers/stations in Sichuan Province. The socio-demographic data and job stress assessed by the Chinese Community Nurse Stress Scale (CNSS) were collected. After randomly splitting the sample into group 1 and group 2, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out to shorten the scale and test its reliability and construct validity.There were no significant differences in socio-demographic variables between group 1 (n = 488) and group 2 (n = 481). During exploratory factor analysis, 4 factors were selected, including management and interpersonal relationships (8 items), patient care (7 items), environment and resources of work (6 items), and career promotion (4 items), which explained 62.66% of all variance. Cronbachs α coefficient of the short-form CNSS was 0.94, and the cross-sample validity test supported the best fit model for this 25-item CNSS.The results in this study supported that the 25-item CNSS had a good reliability and validity when it was administrated to Chinese community nurses.

The coordination of multiple VSGs connected in parallel to form a microgrid is the main concern nowadays. In this paper, the relation between the two VSGs is formed; one is operating as a source, whereas other as a load. This correlation defines the maximum power that can be delivered to the VSG controlled energy storage system (ESS), the influence of a load (static), and the effect of contingency (dynamic) on both VSGs. Furthermore, a unique control is presented to draw the constant maximum power from renewable energy source (RES) by interlinking it with the stable parallel-VSG; without compromising the ability of transient stability to dampen any disturbance. The results are illustrated through power and angular frequency graphs.

Background Heat stroke is a life-threatening syndrome that is characterized by its severe clinical symptoms, rapid progression, and high rate of mortality. Recently, research has indicated that a dysfunctional intestinal epithelia barrier plays an important role in the pathophysiology of heat stroke. Protecting the intestines from heat stress had been identified as a potentially effective treatment for patients with heat stroke and may reduce the innate immune response caused by endotoxins in circulation. Objectives The aim of this review is to discuss this key event in heat stroke and to describe the mechanism during progression. Discussion Direct injuries and secondary impairments of the intestine induced by heat stress are discussed; recent studies that refer to intestine-specific prevention and treatment in heat stroke and heat stress-induced injuries are also summarized. Conclusions A more detailed pathogenesis of heat stroke needs to be elucidated so that potentially effective means of treatment and prevention of heat stroke can be developed and studied.

A dynamic economic dispatch and control method is proposed to minimize the overall generating cost for a stand-alone microgrid in DongAo Island, which is integrated with wind turbine generator, solar PV, diesel generator, battery storage, the seawater desalination system and the conventional loads. A new dispatching strategy is presented based on the ranking of component generation costs and two different control modes, in which diesel generator and battery storage alternate to act as the master power source to follow system power fluctuation. The optimal models and GA-based optimization process are given to minimize the overall system generating cost subject to the corresponding constraints and the proposed dispatch strategy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified in the stand-alone microgrid in DongAo Island, and the results provide a feasible theoretical and technical basis for optimal energy management and operation control of stand-alone microgrid.

The electricity load of large consumers has the characteristics of fluctuating randomly in a short period and changing periodically over a longer time scale. In recent years, the influence of these kind of consumers on regional load has been increasing year by year, which has become an important factor to improve the forecasting accuracy of the entire load. In this paper, we use parameters-improved Support Vector Machine (SVM) with better learning capability based on small samples to fit the random fluctuations of these loads. Besides, we introduce a concept of similar time period in order to dig up the periodic trend shown in a long period of the loads. The simulation result of a typical large consumer shows a high forecasting accuracy of the load, which shows the effectiveness of the algorithm.

The electricity spot market is now being implemented in China. Demand response, as a kind of flexible resource, is also being studied and explored for the constructed power market. Among the many demand response applications, the virtual power plant (VPP) as an aggregator of distributed energy resources (DERs), receives ever-increasing attention. However, the participation manner and related impacts of the VPP to the electricity spot market are still unknown within the current power market rules. Under this background, obeying the present trading rules of China’s electricity spot market, a two-stage dispatching model with optimized bidding and operating strategy in the day-ahead (DA) and real-time (RT) market for the VPP is proposed. In the designed model, the conditional risk value (CVaR) is adopted to address the risk encountered by the uncertainty of the electricity spot market price. The impact of the user-side over-deviated revenue mechanism (UORM) of the China spot market on the income of the VPP in the DA and RT market is also analyzed. For a full evaluation, different coefficients for the influence of DA and RT risk, UORM, and energy storage system (ESS) are tested to investigate their respective impacts on the revenue of the VPP. The simulation cases prove that the proposed method is helpful for the VPP to optimize DERs’ output in the electricity spot market according to its own risk preference.

IL-17 and IL-22 are linked to the development of intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the maintenance of IL-17 and IL-22 production, as well as the cell type (Th17) that mediates these cytokines in CRC patients, remains unknown. To examine this, untreated CRC patients and healthy controls were recruited in this study. We first observed that CRC patients contained significantly elevated levels of IL-17- and IL-22-producing CD4+ T cells. The vast majority of IL-22-expressing CD4+ T cells also expressed IL-17. We then found that the production of both IL-17 and IL-22 required support from autologous monocytes, since the depletion of monocytes significantly downregulated IL-17 and IL-22 secretion. Naive T cells from CRC patients did not secrete IL-17 or IL-22 initially, but long-term coculture with autologous monocytes significantly upregulated IL-17 and IL-22 production in an IL-6-dependent manner. Blockade of IL-6 significantly reduced the levels of both IL-17 and IL-22. We then observed that CD163+ M2 macrophages were the main contributor of IL-6. Interestingly, incubation of monocytes with CCR4+CCR6+ Th17 cells resulted in significantly higher levels of CD163+ macrophages as well as higher IL-6 secretion, than incubation with non-Th17 CD4+ T cells. Together, our study discovered a positive feedback mechanism between Th17 and M2 macrophages in CRC patients.

Renewable energy sources are integrated into a grid via inverters. Due to the absence of an inherent droop in an inverter, an artificial droop and inertia control is designed to let the grid-connected inverters mimic the operation of synchronous generators and such inverters are called virtual synchronous generators (VSG). Sudden addition, removal of load or faults in the grid causes power and frequency oscillations in the grid. The steady state droop control of VSG is not effective in dampening such oscillations. Therefore, a new control scheme, namely bouncy control, has been introduced. This control uses a variable emergency gain, to enhance or reduce the power contribution of individual VSGs during a disturbance. The maximum power contribution of an individual VSG is limited by its power rating. It has been observed that this control, successfully minimized the oscillation of electric parameters and the power system approached steady state quickly. Therefore, by implementing bouncy control, VSGs can work in coordination to make the grid more robust. The proposed controller is verified through Lyapunov stability analysis.

Baicalin, one of the major flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of baicalin on metabolic disorders and hepatic steatosis have not been investigated.Body weight was examined in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats with or without baicalin treatment. At the end of the experiment, serum biochemical parameters, liver histology and lipid profile were analyzed to assess whether the animals were suffering from metabolic disorders or hepatic steatosis. In the liver, the phosphorylation of AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and the gene expression of some enzymes involved in lipogenesis were examined. The effects of baicalin on the phosphorylation of AMPK and lipid accumulation induced by high glucose in human hepatoma HepG2 cells were also examined.Baicalin (80 mg/kg) administered ip for 16 weeks suppressed body weight gain in HFD-fed rats. Weight reduction was accompanied by the reduction of visceral fat mass. Baicalin significantly decreased the elevated serum cholesterol, free fatty acid and insulin concentrations caused by the HFD. Baicalin also suppressed systemic inflammation by reducing the serum level of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Baicalin reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC and down-regulated genes involved in lipogenesis, including fatty acid synthase and its upstream regulator SREBP-1c. In HepG2 cells, baicalin (5 and 10 micromol/L) increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and decreased lipid accumulation following the addition of high glucose.Our study suggests that baicalin might have beneficial effects on the development of hepatic steatosis and obesity-related disorders by targeting the hepatic AMPK.

Background Childhood obesity has been a serious public health problem. An effective school-based physical activity (PA) intervention is still lacking in China. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a school-based physical activity intervention during 12 weeks on obesity and related health outcomes in school children. Methods It was a non-randomized controlled trial. Altogether 921 children aged 7 to 15 years were recruited at baseline survey. Children in the intervention group (n = 388) participated in a multi-component physical activity intervention during 12 weeks that included improvement of physical education, extracurricular physical activities for overweight/obese students, physical activities at home, and health education lectures for students and parents. Children (n = 533) in the control group participated in usual practice. Results Participants had mean age of 10.4 years, mean body mass index (BMI) of 19.59 kg/m2, and 36.8 % of them were overweight or obese at baseline survey. The change in BMI in intervention group (−0.02 ± 0.06 kg/m2) was significantly different from that in control group (0.41 ± 0.08 kg/m2). The adjusted mean difference was −0.43 kg/m2 (95% CI: −0.63 to −0.23 kg/m2, P

The multilayer particles with responses to electric and magnetic fields are a prerequisite for particles assembled under external fields. Three routes to produce particles responsive to electric and magnetic fields are presented in this article. The size and morphology, properties as well as the electric-magnetic responses of three kinds of particles are comparatively discussed. This will provide a useful basis for the control of the behavior of the particles in suspensions by external electric and magnetic fields.

Ultra wide band (UWB) life detector can penetrate walls and ruins to detect whether there is a sign of life on the rear. This device will play an important role in anti-terrorism and disaster relief. But because the life signal is low frequency, quasi-periodic, non-stationary and low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and so on, such features restrict the accuracy of identifying life signals. According to the characteristics of life signals, back propagation (BP) neural network is chosen as the life signal recognition method, and the proper network structure is designed with appropriate network parameters selected. Simulation results show that, using BP neural network method can greatly improve the life signal identification accuracy; it is proved to be an effective method in the practical project.

The key of objectivity of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) pulse condition lies on the objective test and correct recognition for all kinds of pulse conditions. In view of the ambiguity, variety and complexity of TCM pulse conditions, and the shortcomings of the traditional recognition methods and back propagation (BP) neural network method, a kind of TCM pulse-condition recognition method based on probabilistic neural networks (PNN) is put forward. In this research three experienced practitioners of Xi'an TCM Hospital gave us their expert advice and determined the percentage of correct recognition of our PNN method. For the twelve kinds of TCM pulse conditions, we attained an average recognition accuracy of about 93% with PNN method, better than the average recognition accuracy of about 75% attained with the traditional fuzzy cluster method and 87.1% with BP neural network method. The contrastive experiments of the BP neural network method and the PNN method are given. The results show that recognition accuracy of PNN method is out and away higher than that of BP neural network method in high noise circumstances.

This article carries out the reform and pilot study of the survey methodology for road freight transport. The purpose of the paper is to improve the current survey program reasonably and clarify the scope of the survey. In addition, it examines the needs and specific indicators for road freight transport. The basic objective of the study is to establish a type of statistical and survey method for road freight transport. This article proposes a simple random sampling method, and gathers the samples by using field investigation in combination with the typical survey method. This method of statistics for the extracted samples uses a post-layered approach. Also, a corresponding mathematical model is established to carry on the statistics. By using this method, data obtained are more in line with the actual situation of Liuzhou. Thus it can be adopted for government and corporate decision-making. Thus, the example also validates the rationality and feasibility of the survey methodology.

Enterprises always maximize their self-interest. However, competition of the market has turned into competition among the supply chain. So how to coordinate the mutual interests of all members of the supply chain is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. In generally, there is an enterprise played dominant core in the supply chain, and other members are of the subordinate status. This paper has studied how the dominant suppliers make price strategies and how the retailers choose appropriate strategies and return their order quantities by using bilevel programming. Finally, a example shows how manufacturers and retailers achieve balance and get their maximum profit.

The characteristics of agricultural product logistics show that our national logistics of agricultural products is still traditional. Nowadays the research on the logistics of agricultural products mostly remains in the qualitative study, and the research based on the quantitative study is very small. The paper applied the six sigma method to agricultural product logistics in order to improve flowing ability and strength quality management, to establish remarkable management systems and obtain enormous profit. It analyzed the problems of agricultural product logistics on the basis of a theoretical analysis and case analysis approach. Finally some proposals on the logistics of agricultural products were put forward about how to apply Six Sigma. The purpose of the paper is to achieve the widespread application of Six Sigma in agricultural logistics and get practical results. China is a big country of agricultural production and consumption; the forms of Chinese agricultural product logistics are mainly normal temperature and natural logistics, and there are great losses in all links of agricultural products logistics which will inevitably affect competitiveness in foreign and domestic markets. The logistics process itself of China's agricultural products has great problems; research on the logistics flow of agricultural products is mainly from the perspective of quality, and the content of studies is rather scattered. A small quantitative perspective is considered to solve the logistics flow problems of agricultural products in. Six Sigma, which is a management method that is based on data, focuses on quantitative management, takes customers to centers, pays full attention to customers, looks at a process as the core, emphasizes quantitatively continuous improvement, uses the method of DMAIC and statistical tools, emphasizes border cooperation of no stress 1, and puts the benefits as the purpose. The method is used to analyze questions in quantity and improve the agricultural products logistics process. It will enable our country's agricultural products to realize the goal of "lower cost, higher quality and better meeting of the needs of customers ". 2. Introduction of Six Sigma management The method of Six Sigma management is a flexible integrated systems approach that may catch, maintain, and maximize the success of a company. It requires the understanding of customer needs, the use of standardized data and facts, close attention to improvement in management re-invention and process. It includes five phases: "define, measure, analyze, improve and control".

Based on the three popular open sources as Struts, Spring and Hibernate (SSH), an integrated framework for e-human resource (E-HR) is proposed in this paper as an effective web application framework. E-HR is generally regarded as a complicated enterprise information system and the proper application framework is supposed to improve the system expansibility and the enterprise competitiveness as well. The presented framework derives from model-driven approach with high usage of code generation tools and application layout templates. It not only separates the presentation layer, business layer and data persistence layer, but also provides a convenient platform for software reuse. Furthermore, it allows for speeding-up development of Web applications. By comprehensively analyzing the distinct characteristics of the framework such as scalability, maintainability and less coupling complexity, the specific application of the framework in the file management module of the E-HR system is carried out to further shows the advantages of SSH in software development efficiency.

With highway traffic of China developing faster and faster, safety problems are gradually becoming more and more obvious. Such problems are big threat to both peoplepsilas lives and their property. Some safety researches have been done by Predecessors. Based on these researches, this article is to employ a highway safety evaluation system made of running velocity. By using the BP neural network algorithm in MATLAB software, simulations were made to evaluate the linearity of a certain highway. And the results come out at last to prove that the method contains a certain applicable value.

The advanced static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a device that can provide reactive support to bus voltage. A novel control scheme based on reinforcement learning algorithm for the STATCOM is presented in this paper. Design of STATCOM controller presented does not depend on structure and parameters of power system. The adaptive heuristic critic algorithm is adopted in this paper and the parameter of the controller are updating by given reinforcement signal of system. Only local information is required. A simulation example of single-machine infinite power system is given, and the result shows the effectiveness on maintaining voltage and preventing voltage collapse.

A novel scheme based on the principle of reinforcement learning algorithm was proposed for the voltage control in power system. The controller adopted the adaptive heuristic critic (AHC) algorithm, which consists of two networks: action selection network and action critic network. The controller parameters are adjusted by given reinforcement signal of system. The numerical simulation example of single-machine infinite power system is given, and the result shows the designed control scheme can maintain desired voltage profile and prevent/stop a developing voltage collapse in system contingencies.