Search

Phygital is an approach that integrates digital technology into physical retail spaces to provide innovative and interactive customer experiences. As this approach becomes more widespread, understanding its effects on consumer behavior is crucial. This study aims to bridge this gap by investigating the factors that influence cognitive, emotional, technological, sensory, and social experiences in phygital retail. It also seeks to understand how these factors influence customer engagement, ultimately impacting customers' patronage intentions and recommendation intentions. The study surveyed 380 customers in China who had experienced phygital retail. The results show that various dimensions of customer experience influence customer engagement, with sensory and social encounters having the greatest impact. Customer engagement, in turn, affects customers' patronage intention and recommendation intentions. Importantly, this study examines how specific sub-dimensions of customer experience impact recommendation intentions in a phygital retail environment. These insights provide valuable strategic guidance for service-oriented retailers.

The correlation between necessity and change is a well-proven social interaction that can result in a ripple effect that has far-reaching implications. Just as dropping a stone in still water causes ringed waves to spread out in all directions, the implementation of a new idea or even a new business in a community can send out ripples of change from its epicenter. This is exactly what happened when Zairah Enterprise, a student founded and run company primarily selling art supplies, was established in the Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam in 2012. The company was born of a need for quality traditional art supplies, such as acrylic paints and brushes, so that students could raise the standards of the work they produced in their modules at the University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD). A group of students undertook the challenge of being entrepreneurs, and with the advice of two of their professors from the United States they opened a specialty art store to provide for their own needs and those of other students. The immediate aim of the students was to offer a full line of art supplies that would also make it easier for them and interested secondary and primary schools to purchase materials that offered quality and consistency. Other targeted clients included artists and designers working in and around the capital city of Bandar Seri Begawan. The opening of Zairah Art Supplies store and its well-lit art gallery and display area sent out not one but two types of ripples that are helping to stir things up throughout the creative sector of the city. In this article, the authors examine how their students set up an extensive art supply store that is the largest of its kind in Brunei for their own benefit as artists in need of supplies and exhibition space and, as a secondary consequence, how their entrepreneurial undertaking exemplifies the phenomenon of conducting a business that can aid a country's economy through the support of the creative industries.

New York's School Tax Relief Program, STAR, provides state-funded property tax relief for homeowners. Like a matching grant, STAR changes the price of education, thereby altering the incentives of voters and school officials and leading to unintended consequences. Using data for New York State school districts before and after STAR was implemented, we find that STAR increased student performance, school district inefficiency, and school spending by 2 to 4 percent in most districts, leading to an average school property tax rate increase of 14 percent. The STAR-induced tax rate increases offset about one third of the initial STAR tax savings and boosted property taxes for business property. STAR did little to offset the existing inequities in New York State's education finance system, particularly compared to an equal-cost increase in state aid. This article should be of interest to policy makers involved in property taxes or other aspects of education finance.

Purpose – This study explores the direct and indirect effects of two components of food-related consideration of future consequences (CFCs), including CFC-Immediate and CFC-Future, on sustainable food attitudes (SFA) via food-related health and environmental concerns. Design/methodology/approach – Partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was used on a data set of 664 Vietnamese consumers collected in Central Vietnam to evaluate measurement and structural models. Findings – CFC-Immediate and CFC-Future as well as health and environmental concerns have positive effects on SFA. Indirect effects of CFC-Immediate on SFA via health concerns and CFC-Future on SFA via health/environmental concerns are also discovered. Research limitations/implications – Future studies should examine the impact of environmental values on CFCs, forming a more comprehensive understanding regarding the relationship between the two variables, especially by including a wider range of sustainable food types to gain diverse knowledge about sustainable food consumption. Practical implications – Communicative messages should focus on both health and environmental concerns while emphasizing both immediate and more distant outcomes of sustainable food (fish) consumption for individuals with different dominant temporal orientations. Originality/value – This study sheds light on the direct and hierarchical relationships among food-related CFCs, health and environmental concerns and SFA to better understand the intricate psychological process of sustainable food consumption.

Purpose – We explore the impact of equity liquidity on a firm’s dynamic leverage adjustments and the moderating impacts of leverage deviation and target instability on the link between equity liquidity and dynamic leverage in the UK market. Design/methodology/approach – In applying the two-step system GMM, we estimate our model by exploring suitable instruments for the dynamic variable(s), i.e. lagged values of the dynamic term(s). Findings – Our analyses document that a firm’s equity liquidity has a positive impact on the speed of adjustment (SOA) of its leverage ratio back to the target ratio in the UK market. We also demonstrate that the positive relationship between liquidity and SOA is more pronounced for firms whose current position is relatively close to their target leverage ratio and whose target ratio is relatively stable. Practical implications – This study provides important implications for both firms’ managers and investors. Particularly, firms’ managers who wish to increase the leverage SOA to enhance firms’ value need to give great attention to their equity liquidity. Investors who want to evaluate firms’ performance could also consider their equity liquidity and leverage SOA. Originality/value – We are the first to enrich the literature on leverage adjustments by identifying equity liquidity as a new determinant of SOA in a single developed country with many differences in the structure and development of capital markets, ownership concentration and institutional characteristics. We also provide new empirical evidence of the joint effect of equity liquidity, leverage deviation and target instability on leverage SOA.

Abstract Customer loyalty continues to be a crucial factor for retail banks in maintaining market share, increasing revenue and profits, and reducing costs in the highly competitive business landscape of today. They consistently strive for innovation to maintain a competitive edge, introducing novel experiences and heightened satisfaction to customers, thereby enhancing customer loyalty. This study aims to examine the effect of service innovation on customer satisfaction and loyalty in the Vietnamese banking sector. The research investigates banking service innovation from three angles: novel service concept, novel service procedure, and novel technological distribution system. To confirm the relationship between concepts and complete the survey questionnaire, qualitative research techniques are employed. Simultaneously, a quantitative research technique (structural equation modeling—SEM) is used to assess the relationship between concepts. The study surveyed 398 clients of Vietnamese retail banks. All dimensions of service innovation, including novel service concept, novel service procedure, and novel technological distribution system, have positive effects on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Customer satisfaction also has a substantial effect on customer loyalty. Finally, it then draws some conclusions and makes some recommendations to retail banks to improve both customer satisfaction and customer loyalty via enhancing service innovation.

This study aims at investigating impact of entrepreneurship education and policy on Vietnamese youth’s entrepreneurship readiness and intentions. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to explore the relationship among different factors. In this research, the moderating variable was entrepreneurship mentor while intermediate variables were comprised of age, gender as well as educational background. The primary data was collected through online survey questionnaire with Vietnamese youngsters. There were 583 valid responses, which were processed with SPSS and AMOS software. The analyzed data demonstrated that 5 hypotheses were accepted. This proved that entrepreneurship intention was influenced by entrepreneurship policy and education. The factor of entrepreneurship mentor played the intermediate role within the relationship between entrepreneurship readiness and intention of Vietnamese youth.

This study investigates the impact of ethical marketing practices and health consciousness on consumer attitudes and purchase intention for cosmetic products in Vietnam. A self-administered survey was conducted in August 2023 to collect data for our study. We received 250 valid responses after four months. SPSS software version 20 was employed for data analysis. Results showed that among three factors that affect consumer attitude, health consciousness played the most critical role, followed by product fairness and price fairness. Moreover, the attitude was confirmed in our study to affect the purchase intention of Vietnamese cosmetics consumers significantly. Our findings implied that cosmetic companies should tailor ethical marketing strategies to meet the preferences of Vietnamese consumers and boost their purchase intention.

This study aims to investigate factors effect on decision to participate the Bancassurance of individual customers in the South of Vietnam. Binary Logistic regression model was explored to investigate the factors affect on the decision to participate in life insurance through Bancassurance channel. The data was collected by interview survey of 62 individual customers who have participated and not participated the life insurance through Bancassurance. Found results indicated that the customer’s income and the professional of insurance companies’ advisors have positive significantly effects on the decision to participate in life insurance products via Bancassurance channel of personal customers in Can Tho city, Vietnam. Based on the results, the diversification of payment policies for customers with different groups of income level should be considered to enhance the enhance the decision to participate Bancassurance. The trust, creditability and transparency of information sharing by insurance companies’ advisors should be ensured to improve the confidences of customers on the advisor consultants.

In recent years, online shopping is one of the routine parts in people’s life. It is convenient and takes less effort to purchase it. Regarding the increasing revolution of e-commerce businesses, recommendation engine plays a crucial role in them. Recommendation engines are very popular and easy to implement to their platform nowadays. Due to the extremely high competition of e-commerce businesses, the operation needs to integrate the recommender wisely. This study presents a comprehensive approach to improving user experience and engagement on e-commerce platforms through the implementation of an implicit personalized product recommendation engine. Collaborating with the H&M Group, the research combines the strength of each recommending algorithms which are collaborative filtering, popularity, and Bayesian personalized ranking to develop a robust recommendation system. By leveraging a retrieval strategy that combines multiple algorithmic techniques and evaluating candidates using machine learning models which comprise LightGBM and Deep Neural Network, the study achieves promising results. The authors utilize two popular technical metrics to evaluate their models which are mean average precision at K candidates (MAP@K) and mean average recall at K candidates (MAR@K). The empirical result indicates that the LightGBM model has remarkable performance than Deep Neural Network model, which are 0.06 versus 0.02 respectively in MAP@K and 0.03 versus 0.01 respectively in MAR@K when both recommending ways is at 50 items. Overall, this research contributes a novel framework that addresses the challenges of analyzing large-scale data, cold-start problems, and personalization, thereby enhancing the user experience, and driving sales on e-commerce platforms.

Nakheel, a Dubai World Company has created the world's largest themed mall based on the narrative of Ibn Battuta, a 14th century Muslim explorer whose world travels are well documented. The Ibn Battuta Mall is located in the city of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates and utilizes a communication strategy called edutainment: a neologistic portmanteau whose goals are to educate and entertain an audience. Through the use of diffusion theory and its five innovation attributes, this paper recognizes that the architects and designers of the Ibn Battuta Mall have placed edutainment goals into the context of a mall expressing a predominantly Arab and Muslim identity. This paper argues that the mall has failed to achieve many of its educational goals and has replaced historical fact and authenticity in favor of expressing a message of opulence and social prestige, which defines the mall as a place of commerce rather than a stimulating learning environment. (Contains 15 figures and 1 table.)

There are still many questions remain unanswered about the relationship between Organisational Learning (OL) and Continuous Improvement (CI). For example, how do OL and CI contribute to business performance? Are OL and CI equal? Do OL and CI support each other? Should OL and CI be implemented separately or together? If together, how to integrate OL and CI? This paper records the research on the empirical relationship among CI, OL and Performance Improvement (PI). The research is based on the survey data from about 500 manufacturing companies from seven European countries and Australia. Data analysis is based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). It is found out that OL and CI do support or enhance each other. However, only CI directly contributes to PI. The research does not find direct relationship between OL and PI. The results suggest that OL should not be treated as the end, but a means to enhance CI. The research triggers the discussions on what are the real differences and commonalities between OL and CI and how to integrate OL and CI in order to achieve benefits from both. The discussions proposed the concept and Learning for Organisation. The main managerial and research implication is: OL should not be implemented alone! OL should be implemented or studied in a functional context such as CI, Six Sigma, new product develop, innovation and market orientation. (Contains 2 figures and 2 tables.)

This paper attempts to analyse how governments in Malaysia and Thailand have adopted indirect policy instruments along the lines of "corporatisation" and "privatisation" to reform higher education governance. By focusing on a few key issues related to changing state and education relationships and new regulatory arrangements when higher education service providers and funding sources are increasingly diversified in these Asian societies, this article examines whether these "state-guided" regimes are no longer relevant and have become less capable in shaping public policy formation and public sector management, particularly when their policy instruments are becoming more globally driven by "liberalising and marketising trends". (Contains 3 tables.)

This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting Vietnamese customer engagement, the effect of customer engagement on brand loyalty in the Fast‑Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, and the moderating role of artificial intelligence (AI). A 416 valid sample was used in this study to assess the influence of self‑congruity, social influence, economic benefits, information seeking, brand warmth, brand activism, social media marketing, brand attachment on customer engagement, then the impact of customer engagement on brand loyalty, and how AI experience moderates the correlation between customer engagement and brand loyalty. For the multivariate regression test, there were 8 factors positively affecting customer engagement. Self‑congruity, Social media marketing, Brand warmth, Social influence, Economic benefit, and Brand attachment all positively influence Social Customer engagement. The findings of this study have provided a fresh perspective, assisting managers in their efforts to promote customer engagement and brand loyalty. Moreover, study also suggests several new and innovative applications of AI in customer engagement on social media platforms. In this study, AI experience is investigated to enhance the effect of social customer engagement on brand loyalty in the Vietnam FMCG industry.

Consumer demands have recently shifted toward an efficient shopping experience, which is a process that minimizes the time, money, effort, and cognitive load required by consumers to make purchase decisions and complete transactions. This shift has prompted social commerce platforms to invest in innovative business models aimed at maintaining customer loyalty. This study investigated how live-streaming shopping (LSS) aligns with changing consumer demands for efficient shopping experiences. We extended the Expectation Confirmation Model by including utilitarian value and ongoing trust as variables to examine their influence on continued purchase intention. We administered a questionnaire survey to experienced LSS users, which yielded 292 valid responses. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was performed on the collected responses to evaluate the proposed research models. The results revealed that postpurchase confirmation of the coviewers’ positive word of mouth significantly increases perceived LSS value; this highlights the vital role of real-time social interactions in LSS. Moreover, we observed that confirmation of the quality of streamer-provided information can maintain ongoing trust; this demonstrates the importance of streamers’ ability to leverage real-time video streaming effectively. Our analysis of postpurchase expectation confirmation underscored the importance of reliable streaming and ordering systems for ensuring LSS satisfaction among consumers. The results also indicated that perceived LSS value and ongoing trust significantly enhance consumers’ LSS satisfaction, which increases their continued purchase intention. This study contributes to the literature on LSS by demonstrating how the efficient characteristics of LSS align with evolving consumer demands and behaviours.

As the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock market returns has received much attention from researchers and practitioners, the evidence on the government invention on stock market returns in frontier markets in the Asia-Pacific is very scanty. This study first revisits the relationship between COVID-19 and stock market returns using large data from 23/01/2020 to 28/05/2021. Second, this study examines how the Vietnamese stock market reacts to government actions during the COVID-19 outbreaks. Using the fixed effects model, the findings show stock market returns are negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although most sectors face a sharp decline in returns, positive returns are found in some sectors such as Energy, Healthcare, and Utilities, which is the opportunities for investors amid the pandemic. When observing the effect of government intervention, the stock market reacts to it negatively. The same is true for the announcements of social distancing and economic support measures. However, the stock market responds to containment and health measures with positive returns. More importantly, social distancing policy measures further enlarge the negative impact of COVID-19 on stock market returns – thus the government should take these measures with caution. The results also emphasize that economic support policy measures benefit indirectly via the channel of decreasing new infections. As a whole, the study offers some suggestions for the best and most proactive policy actions that governments, market participants, and investors in other emerging markets with similar financial institutions to Vietnam’s should use in the event of exogenous shocks like the COVID-19.

AbstractIn the retail industry, customer experience over time is the overall customer perception after making transactions with retailers. This concept has been increasingly important since it can help retailers to gain competitive advantages. However, there has been a lack of studies investigating how customer experience over time inspires customers to engage in customer citizenship behavior, especially via the mediation of customer-brand relationship strength. To bridge the gap, this study examines the mediating role of customer-brand relationship strength on the associations between retail customer experience over time and customer citizenship behavior in retail industry. Specifically, the four components of customer-brand relationship strength including brand commitment, self-brand connection, brand intimacy, and customer satisfaction are investigated their mediations on the relationships between retail customer experience over time and customer citizenship behavior. Besides, the four dimensions of retail customer experience over time (i.e. product experience, peace of mind, moments-of-truth, and outcome focus) and of customer citizenship behavior (i.e. advocacy, feedback, helping, and tolerance) are also investigated. A self-administrated survey was conducted utilizing a convenient sampling method. The data, collected from 341 customers of electronics and home appliance retailers, was analyzed by employing PLS-SEM. The results indicate that customer experience over time induces customer brand relationship strength, which subsequently affects customer citizenship behavior. The data analysis results also figure out the mediating role of customer brand relationship strength on the relationship between customer experience over time and customer citizenship behavior. These findings contribute significantly to theoretical and practical implications in retail environment.

To enhance the competitiveness of the traditional handicraft industry, providers should offer service experiences using their products (i.e., servitization) instead of merely selling them. Effective management for servitization in the traditional handicraft industry must consider the differences in customers’ prior knowledge. Nevertheless, previous studies have overlooked how this knowledge about traditional handicrafts impacts service experiences. This study explores which factors of consumer behavior (during services) and service outcomes (post-services) are affected by customers’ prior knowledge about a traditional handicraft. An organic food restaurant booth was provided at an annual summer festival about pottery as an experiment, and data were collected on customers’ meal experiences with a pottery plate through a questionnaire. The findings suggest that customers’ prior knowledge about a traditional handicraft promotes their search for information from service resources (i.e., organic foods) which are integrated with the traditional handicraft and their creativity during services, thereby changing their understanding of service resources and increasing satisfaction with service experience. This study contributes to services marketing by identifying the factors of during and post-services that are affected by customers’ prior knowledge about a traditional handicraft in the context of servitization.

Purpose – This study aims to empirically investigate how difference in social trust explains the heterogeneity of intellectual property right (IPR) protection (proxied by software piracy rate) across countries. Specifically, the authors also examine whether this effect is complementary or substitute to legal and economic factors. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use both ordinary least square and two-stage least square regressions to investigate this effect. Findings – The authors find that there is also a complementary effect between trust and rule of law in reducing the violation of IPRs. Originality/value – Although the literature by now has documented the solid relationship between trust and the quality of formal institutions, only few studies have explored more specific measures of institutional consequences. Thus, this study is the first study investigating the role of trust, a valuable social capital dimension, on IPR protection.

The study aimed to analyze jay-customer behavior's impact on service industry employees' job stress to understand the importance of personnel management. Additionally, it aimed to identify strategies for managing job stress by examining perceived organizational support's moderating effects. The results show that the subdimensions of jay-customer behavior (i.e., verbal aggression, physical aggression, and sexual harassment) positively influenced employees' job stress. Second, job stress acts as a mediator between customer verbal and physical aggression and customer orientation, but not between customer sexual harassment and customer orientation. Third, organizational support had a moderating effect on the association between customer verbal aggression and job stress. This study demonstrates how jay-customer behavior negatively affects employees and threatens their well-being. It not only enriches the research on jay-customer behavior but also provides implications for service companies toward developing internal marketing strategies for enhancing employee happiness and fostering customer orientation.

Conventional monetary policy tools became less effective, with nominal short-term interest rates approaching the zero-lower bound during COVID-19. Instead, central banks adopted a range of unconventional monetary policies. Thus, perceived inflation has become a key channel for monetary policy transmission. Despite how vital perceived inflation is, quantifying perceived inflation with accuracy remains questionable and challenging. As a result, we focus on developing a novel measurement of perceived inflation - the psychological inflation index. Our approach is based on psychological theories and considers loss aversion, which creates advancements to previous versions. The new index satisfies many expected criteria: (i) it broadly co-moves with the headline inflation index during everyday contexts; (ii) it captures abnormal price evolution better than headline inflation during crisis periods; (iii) it links tightly with monetary policy and economic dynamics. Psychological inflation, therefore, might be helpful in forecasting headline inflation, estimating real interest rates, predicting economic players' behavior, and setting salaries and prices. Psychological inflation, combined with headline inflation, provides a clearer picture of the credibility of monetary policy.

This study investigates the direct or indirect impact of transformational leadership and adaptive resilience on affective commitment and turnover intention. Qualitative research was conducted to validate the concepts and the research model and quantitative research was carried out to analyze data from 310 employees selected via convenient sampling in Vietnam. The results reveal that transformational leadership does not only directly affect adaptive resilience and turnover intention, but also indirectly and fully affects affective commitment via adaptive resilience, and indirectly and partially affects turnover intention via affective commitment and adaptive resilience. Furthermore, adaptive resilience significantly impacts turnover intention via affective commitment. There is no proof in the research that adaptive resilience directly affects turnover intention. This research has documented valuable experiences related to the adaptive resilience of organizations following social crises in the relationship between leadership and turnover for scholars and managers in the future.

Consumer neuroscience methods have become prevalent in marketing research. Despite their proven significance, very little marketing research has addressed their applications in Asia. Thus, this review aims to introduce practical integrations with consumer neuroscience and marketing research and how they can be carefully applied to these fields, with some identified caveats. Specifically, I review the recent literature from top marketing and science journals to (1) highlight substantial applications of updated neuroscientific methods to marketing research and neuroforecasting approaches, (2) discuss the additional potential of computational models in these applications, and (3) offer a simple framework that adopts a multi-method approach intended to enhance both the external and ecological validity of neuroscientific findings. Along with the need for embracing scientific rigor and marketing theory, more guidelines are also needed to improve the validity issues of neuroimaging uses and highlight practical directions in the nascent field of consumer neuroscience.

This paper deals with factors affecting environmental accounting adoption and its impact on operational performance in Vietnamese seafood enterprises. The data were collected from seafood enterprises in Vietnam. Structural equation modeling was applied to explore the causal relationship between operational performance and other factors. The results show that the factors affecting the implementation of environmental accounting based on normalized weights include manager support, with the strongest impact (0.286), followed by the level of technology (0.155), qualifications of accountants (0.191), pressure from stakeholders (0.129), business characteristics (0.117), financial resources (0.113), legal regulations (0.103), and finally environmental changes (0.1). The results also show that environmental accounting implementation strongly impacts operational performance (standardized weight 0.351). The correlation relationships in the model are all statistically significant, with a 95% confidence level (p = 0.000 < 0.05). The paper contributes to perfecting the factors affecting the implementation of environmental accounting, clearly seeing its benefits and positive impacts on performance in seafood enterprises in Vietnam, to achieve environmental protection goals, increase economic benefits, and sustainable development. AcknowledgmentThis study is conducted within the framework of the doctoral project subject to Decision No. 1807/QD-ĐHDT dated May 10, 2023, Duy Tan University, Vietnam. The authors would like to acknowledge the reviewers and the editor-in-chief for their assistance.

Understanding how bullying leads to eating disorders can help develop effective intervention strategies. This phenomenological study examines the relationship between bullying and coping strategies Malaysian adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders use. Using the snowball sampling technique, 12 Kuala Lumpur participants, six females and six males aged 10 to 19, responded to interview questions based on the literature reviews, theories, and a published questionnaire. By using thematic analysis, the researcher found out that all 12 participants with EDs were bullied about their weight or size. Most of the bullying and teasing were verbal or via online platforms. The findings suggest that bullying can be a significant cause of the development of eating disorders among adolescents in Malaysia. Proper coping strategies can be essential in overcoming the trauma of being bullied and treating eating disorders.

Customer segmentation has become one of the most innovative ways which help businesses adopt appropriate marketing campaigns and reach targeted customers. The RFM model and machine learning combination have been widely applied in various areas.

AbstractBased on three fundamental theories, commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing, transaction cost theory, and force field theory, this study has examined the factors affecting collaboration in the agricultural supply chain in the North Central region of Vietnam by analyzing EFA, CFA, and SEM. The research results have shown that trust and commitment are two important antecedents of collaboration, and they have a positive effect on collaboration in the agricultural supply chain. Risk has a negative effect on collaboration and is explained based on the concept of understanding the nature of risk and the characteristics of the research context. The dark side of collaboration is opportunistic behavior, testing the influence of this factor and concluding that it is necessary to limit opportunistic behavior to enhance collaboration in the agricultural supply chain. It is shown that there is a difference in the level of collaboration among specific agricultural sectors in the North Central region, in which collaboration in cultivation and livestock sectors has a low level, but in aquaculture, it is higher. Similarly, contractual relationships are essential for promoting collaboration in the agricultural supply chain. From these research results, the study has proposed some practical solutions to increase collaborations in the agricultural supply chain in the North Central region of Vietnam.

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to validate the Value-based Adoption Model (VAM) in order to investigate young Malaysians’ e-wallet adoption intentions. A structured questionnaire was used to collect 214 questionnaires. The hypotheses proposed for this study were tested using SmartPLS, a second-generation analysis of partial least squares (PLS). Perceived sacrifice and perceived benefit influenced perceived value (PV). The results have shown that perceived benefit has a higher significance compared to perceived sacrifice on PV. Innovative resistance and privacy risk were found to have a negative impact on perceived value. Market practitioners can utilize this model to create secure, convenient and user-friendly e-wallets, resulting in effective marketing strategies that increase e-wallet adoption intentions among the young Malaysians.

AbstractThe US dollar is the most prevalent currency to settle internationally traded merchandise. A few existing studies demonstrate that the US dollar can significantly impact a country’s trade balance with a non-US partner. Nevertheless, the current literature indicates the remarkable deficiency of empirical results for the case of India despite the vital importance of the US dollar in its international trade. Recognizing the European Union (EU) as the largest trading partner of India over the 2000Q1–2022Q2 period, this study is the first to explore how the US dollar influences India’s trade balance with the EU by employing the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) method. The results show that, no matter if the US dollar is employed, the depreciation of rupee cannot facilitate India’s trade balance, and the appreciation has a negative effect. Therefore, devaluation is an ineffectual policy for supporting India’s trade balance with the EU.

AbstractDue to its low entry barrier, minimal overhead, and high return on investment, digital marketing has become more popular among startups, small and medium-sized enterprises as well as all businesses. There is a high need for workers skilled in Digital Marketing, so it is no surprise that schools are vying for students with an interest in this area. In this study, we will look at how students of digital marketing feel about the goals of startups, using data from recent studies to help us draw conclusions. The findings indicate that there is a strong positive relationship between startups’ propensity to use digital marketing tools and their intended behavior, which has a positive effect on their intention to launch a business. The results also support the theoretical hypotheses of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), as entrepreneurs’ propensity to use digital marketing tools has a direct impact on their intention to launch a business. Consistent with recent research, these findings indicate that the level of adoption of technological innovations can predict people’s intent to act in particular ways. This study offers insights for entrepreneurs and policymakers seeking to promote entrepreneurship by maximizing the potential of digital marketing tools.Based on theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the technology acceptance model (TAM), this research has also helped bring to light the role of normative influence and behavioral control in shaping entrepreneurs’ intention.

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of tax revenue on economic growth in the context of increasing trade openness in developing countries by using the data of 29 developing countries with accelerating economic growth during the period 2000–2020. This study further applies the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) and the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) estimation methods for panel data to test the proposed hypotheses. The research results show that tax revenue positively affects economic growth in general. Furthermore, we find that trade openness increases the positive relationship between tax revenue and economic growth but excessive trade openness reduces such a relationship. Our findings provide important implications for developing countries in the context of increasing tax revenue and trade openness.

Interior design industries have evolved to adopt advanced digital and interactive virtual reality (IVR) technologies for promotion. Marketing using a platform with a virtual interior design feature is an approach that enables not only the building up of a positive image for an interior design firm but also allows customers to experience home design intuitively on the digital platform. This study researched the relationship between the three factors of aesthetics, ease of use, and information quality in digital marketing and consumer satisfaction. Data from 120 respondents were collected via the internet. The results generated from structural equation modelling indicated that the above factors positively influence customer satisfaction with a digital platform empowered with the IVR interior design. It was found that information quality has the most influence among the three factors. Despite numerous scholars having conducted in-depth research on digital marketing, existing research lacks a consumer perspective for examining what factors have the most significant impact on consumers. Moreover, relatively little work has been conducted to determine the customer’s perceptions towards the digital marketing approach using virtual interior design and its interactive features. A theoretical model for interactive virtual interior design features for digital marketing is thus proposed.

This study determines and measures the factors affecting the perception and applicability of fair value accounting by related personnel in enterprises, including business owners, managers, accountants, and internal auditors. At the same time, it analyzes the relationship between applied perception and the applicability of fair value accounting. 808 respondents, working in 350 construction enterprises in Vietnam, participated in the survey. This study combines qualitative and quantitative methods using SPSS and AMOS 20 with different techniques and structural equation modeling. The study results show that the applied perception significantly affects the applicability of fair value accounting at construction enterprises in Vietnam. Besides, eight different factors influence the applied perception of fair value accounting. Notably, six factors positively influenced the applied perception, including usefulness, reliability, cost-benefit relationship, size of the enterprise, qualification of accountants, and independent auditors. In contrast, two factors, legal matters and tax pressure, negatively affected the applied perception. This study suggests that managers of Vietnam’s construction enterprises develop solutions to improve the applied perception and applicability of fair value accounting, thereby perfecting the system accounting and improving business performance. AcknowledgmentThis study is conducted within the framework of the doctoral project subject to Decision No. 1407/QD-ĐHDT dated May 22, 2020, Duy Tan University, Vietnam. The authors would like to acknowledge the reviewers and the editor-in-chief for their assistance.

As the necessity of customer relationship management (CRM) increases, measuring the performance of CRM have been actively discussed. Customer equity (CE) is regarded as an appropriate indicator for evaluating the outcomes of marketing activities. There are three drivers of CE: brand, value, and relationship equity. This study aims to investigate the impact of three drivers on customer satisfaction. Market competition is an environmental factor that affects the effectiveness of CRM. This study divides target firms into leaders and followers. This study found that the differential impact of CE drivers on customer satisfaction depends on the firm’s status (leader or follower). Specifically, the brand equity driver significantly impacts the leader firm. However, the impacts of value and relationship equity drivers are bigger for follower firms. The above results suggest that firms need to build CRM strategies that consider the competitive situation of the market and their position.

Abstract With a total length of 35,000 kilometers, China has the world's largest high-speed rail network. Due to the deepening of China's 'Internet +' strategy, new opportunities and challenges have [...]

Purpose – This study investigated the impacts of the environment, social and governance (ESG) and its components on global bank profitability considering the COVID-19 outbreak. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a system generalized method of moments (GMM) proposed by Arellano and Bover (1995) to investigate the relationship between ESG and bank profitability using an unbalanced sample of 487 banks from 51 countries from 2006 to 2021. Findings – The findings generally found that ESG activities may reduce bank profitability, thus supporting the trade-off hypothesis that adopting ESG standards could increase bank costs while lowering profitability. In addition, there is a U-shaped relationship between ESG and bank profitability, suggesting that ESG activities can help improve bank performance in the long term. Such an effect is the first time observed in the global banking sector. This study’s results are robust across different models and settings (e.g., developed vs. developing countries, different levels of profitability, and samples with vs without US banks). Practical implications – This study provides empirical evidence to support many countries' sustainable development policies. It also provides empirical incentives for bank managers to be more ESG-oriented. Originality/value – This study provides a better understanding of the roles of ESG activity and its components in the global banking system, considering the recent crises.

I ntegrating eligibility and enrollment benefits is an increasingly important (1) undertaking for state governments around the country. People who qualify for multiple public benefit programs should not have to [...]

This study aims to ascertain the determinants affecting the liquidity of Vietnamese Commercial Banks by their bank ownership structures, CEO characteristics, and bank-specific variables. Using panel data consisting of 29 Vietnamese commercial banks, we measure liquidity using the most up-to-date method – the Net Stable Funding Difference (NSFD), according to Basel III standards. Correlating to the relationship between CEOs’ characteristics and bank liquidity, we found that CEOs with longer tenure will control liquidity better due to their higher managerial power and entrenchment. Moreover, the findings of the present study show that local market power, bank age, bank size, and loan loss provision positively impact bank liquidity. In contrast, further investigation reveals the adverse impact of state ownership on bank liquidity. This study provides insights into the prudential supervision of Vietnamese commercial banks, which implications for policymakers, by applying the latest liquidity measurement method and new findings on liquidity determinants.

Background: E-commerce websites have been established expressly as useful online communication platforms, which is rather significant. Through them, users can easily perform online transactions such as shopping or ordering food and sharing their experiences or feedback.

This study examines the effect of internal marketing (IM) on salespeople's in-role and out-of-role behaviours and how these behaviours affect customer satisfaction and sales performance. It also tests the mediating role of job satisfaction as an emotional response and adopts survey design. Data from 322 companies in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province in the Republic of Korea are collected and used to test the conceptual model using structural equation modelling. The findings reveal that organisations’ IM strategy for motivating employees positively affects salespeople's job satisfaction and out-of-role behaviour. The results also indicate that the salespeople's out-of-role behaviour enhances customer satisfaction and sales performance. This study suggests that organisations should provide guidelines and create an organizational culture that supports various IM activities to encourage employees’ spontaneous behaviours. It is among the very few, if not the first, studies that demonstrate how companies’ IM strategies could be leveraged to enhance job satisfaction and in-role and out-of-role behaviours in employees and how these behaviours could enhance customer satisfaction and sales performance.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a critical role in driving economic growth and development, particularly in countries like Vietnam. This study proposes a hybrid model that integrates Fuzzy-Delphi, Fuzzy-DEMATEL, and DANP methods to identify and prioritize the main factors affecting FDI attraction and open innovation in Vietnam. The proposed approach offers a more comprehensive analysis that accounts for the inherent complexities and uncertainties of the FDI decision-making process and its impact on open innovation. By exploring the network and interrelationships between the factors, the study provides a more nuanced understanding of the determinants of FDI attraction, open innovation, and their impact on other factors. The study's results are expected to reveal the critical factors affecting FDI attraction and open innovation in Vietnam and their relative importance, serving as a basis for policymakers to design effective strategies for attracting FDI and promoting open innovation. This can be particularly crucial for developing countries seeking to leverage FDI to drive economic growth and innovation. Additionally, the proposed methodology has the potential to contribute significantly to the literature on FDI attraction and open innovation and provide a valuable framework for future research.

China’s total R&D funding has increased from CNY 89.6 billion in 2000 to CNY 2,442.6 billion in 2020 or by 27 times in 20 years. Although a large amount of literature has analyzed China’s R&D efficiency, scant studies have targeted second-stage economic and environmental efficiencies and rarely considered both university and industrial R&D. This research thus uses the Parallel Two-stage Undesirable Dynamic Model to evaluate the R&D efficiencies of universities and industry and examines their impact on the economy and the environment. The empirical results are as follows. 1) There are differences in the R&D and environmental efficiency of various regions in China with the eastern part being the highest, the western part second, and the central part the lowest. 2) The input index efficiency of universities is generally higher than that of industry. 3) The linkage effect between universities and the local economy and the environment is higher than that of industry. First published online 13 February 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the proximity, knowledge as well as the source of knowledge about the profession and students’ perception of the auditing profession in Vietnam. The data is collected using quantitative techniques based on a questionnaire survey of a total of 221 undergraduate students in Vietnam. Then the data is processed by SPSS software to determine the relationship between the factors. The results indicate that the students’ main source of knowledge about the auditing profession is their academic training. Students perceive that the auditing profession is quite an interesting job with many professional development opportunities, many tasks and significant contributions to society, and they also consider auditing as a strict job and responsibility demanding. The findings also reveal that auditors are regarded as competent and high ethical. This study adds empirical information to the scientific literature in order to gain a better understanding of the impact and significance of closeness to the profession, knowledge, and sources of knowledge on students’ perceptions of auditing. The study’s practical implication is that having more information about a profession improves students’ views of that profession.