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Mushroom Cultivation is one of the government programs aimed at triggering the economy of the people who need guidance not only in the cultivation of saj, but also requires guidance for processing into more economically valuable products. Low knowledge and skills of mushroom farmers about raw materials, processing technology and product packaging. The method of activities consists of the delivery of counseling material about the nutritional content and properties of oyster mushrooms, the delivery of material about the processing technology of various oyster mushroom based products, the delivery of material about product packaging and product manufacturing practices. The results of the activity showed an increase in the knowledge and skills of oyster mushroom farmers after the extension activities. Oyster mushroom farmers who initially did not know (score 1) became little know (score 2) and knew better and were very knowledgeable about various science and technology related to raw materials, processes and products (packaging).

In line with the increasingly fierce industry competition, all companies strive to make continuous improvements to increase added value and reduce waste which will impact the company's ability to maintain its existence in the future. One of the problems found in the tire manufacturing industry is the quality problem of the occurrence of defects in the mixing process which is dominated by the viscosity out standard on the compound steel breaker. In this study, analysis and improvement of the defect problem were carried out using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to test the correlation between the root causes found to the main problem. Based on the results of the analysis found thirteen root causes where the factor of variation in material viscosity and the suitability of determining the design process has the largest Risk Priority Number (RPN) value and has a strong correlation to defects that occur based on hypothesis testing. Furthermore, improvements are made using the DMAIC method on all factors that affect the occurrence of defects. As the result, the improvement can be effective in reducing the defect to 34.5% and achieve the expected target.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and assess and seek to answer comprehensively related to the implementation of criminal sanctions for entrepreneurs who pay below the minimum wage in Indonesia. As the object of research is manpower and criminal law which must be used as a tool for social control and as an obligation of the state to implement it, ius puniendi. This research is normative legal research using quantitative methods. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of criminal sanctions is very necessary and becomes a critical issue as a form of protection for workers to ensure the basic rights of workers to obtain a minimum wage. Efforts that must be made by the government are implementing criminal sanctions consistently, implementing literacy programs and sharing information, implementing socialization programs with a dialogical approach that involves the participation of the wider community, improving the quality of public services based on professional human resources and utilizing communication and information technology. to prevent and minimize the occurrence of various forms of violations of labor law and criminal law, especially with regard to the provisions of the minimum wage.

Pricing products is an important factor to penetrate the Indonesian market successfully. Since Indonesia’s medical device products market has more than 90% import, local production companies must be competitive in price. The current pricing approach relies on the cost of sold goods, profit margin, and cost. Hence, a new pricing model is needed. The price from the new model must be better than the current price from the conventional pricing approach. The research aimed to formulate a pricing model for local medical device products that the market could accept and provide a framework model in local production pricing using investment feasibility analysis. The research used mathematical models, engineering economics, and pricing frameworks to optimize product prices from a local company (PT Enesser Mitra Berkah). The studied object was the domestic production of Anesthesia A8500. The research has several findings. First, the Break-Even Point (BEP) (X2) is an alternative standpoint to determine the price in a local production investment for medical device products. Second, the production company can consider the market price (X3). The research develops a simple mathematical model of X3 > Y2 = X2 + Ct > X1 (Y2 = new price, X1= cost of sold goods, Ct = profit and cost). The result provides the pricing framework model as a new approach for developing a medical device product price when the company initiates new local production.

In the past decades, research about energy consumption reduction has become a trend due to concern of energy wastage that leads to the negative impact on the environment. Commercial sector produces higher energy consumption compared to other sectors in Malaysia and hospital building is one of the highest energy consumptions in the commercial sector. Continuous operation time and complexity of engineering system are some of the reasons for high energy consumptions in hospital buildings that leads to high energy costs. This study examines the electricity load apportioning for a hospital building in Selangor, Malaysia through a detailed energy audit. From the energy audit, several Energy Efficiency Initiatives (EEI) were identified in reducing the energy usage in hospital: room temperature control, efficient lighting system, efficient unit for Air-Conditioning Split Unit (ACSU) and Variable Speed Drive (VSD) installation. The EEIs is expected to produce a total electricity saving of 1,250,692 kWh/year, equivalent to a cost saving of RM 421, 706/year and total emission reduction of 869 tonnes CO2 per year.

The investment procedure in Indonesia is still seen as complex and complicated. The complexity is seen in licensing, land acquisition, taxation, and other investment-related issues. A policy or regulation is required to simplify and accelerate the investment procedure. The existence of the Omnibus law No. 11 of 2021 on Job Creation is expected to make investing in Indonesia easier. However, the case with policies and regulations in general, good regulations are not always well-implemented. As a result, the Edwards III Model approach should be used to examine the execution of Law No. 11 of 2020 about Job Creation Related to the Ease of Business Cluster. The analysis's results showed that four elements will influence the success as well as potential dangers associated with the law's policy implementation, including communication factors, resource considerations, implementer attitude factors, and bureaucratic structure factors.

The current study investigates the relationships between various service features influencing customers’ satisfaction in the university food service. A research structure consisting of three variables representing dining experiences, namely food quality, service quality, and price are further investigated. Taking Manager’s Coffee restaurant at Universiti Utara Malaysia as a case, this study aims to determine the relationships between dining experiences and students’ satisfaction based on the university restaurant setting. The study was carried out using a quantitative approach involving 200 university students as respondents. The research findings showed that all three dining experiences variables have significant positive relationships on students’ satisfaction. The findings also pointed to improved services and resources particularly to the Manager’s Coffee restaurant, which will increase the market position, especially in the university food service business.

The high demand from customers for quality services and competitive environment in the fast food industry give rise to the need to improve customers’ satisfaction that will increase the restaurant’s revenue. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors effecting customers’ satisfaction in fast food restaurants namely the price, service quality, and food quality of fast food restaurants in Arau, Perlis. The fast food restaurants selected for this study are Marry Brown, KFC, Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza. A quantitative method was applied using online questionnaire to collect data from customers. The respondents consisted of customers who had experienced purchasing at these fast food restaurants. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between customers’ satisfaction and the price of the foods. However, the study indicated insignificant relationships between food quality, service quality of fast food businesses and customers’ satisfaction. For future studies, it is recommended that the study area is expanded to involve various samples of the population, for broader results. To obtain more precise and reliable results, a similar study considering other factors that influence customer satisfaction in fast food restaurants could be added as variables.

Prostate cancer is common in men, but tumour of the male breast is rare. For these two tumours to be presented synchronously in a male patient is even rarer. The focus of this paper is the case of a 72-year-old man diagnosed with papillary ductal carcinoma in situ after he presented with a unilateral breast mass associated with nipple discharge. Imaging staging for his breast tumour and subsequent prostate biopsy found an incidental synchronous asymptomatic prostate adenocarcinoma as well as bone metastases. He denies risk factors for malignancies and refuses genetic testing. The first part of our discussion will highlight the uncommon occurrence of male breast ductal carcinoma in situ and its management controversies. The subsequent part of our discussion will focus on the association between male breast cancer and prostate cancer, and implication of this on the future treatment of these patients. More importantly, our case will illustrate the challenges in managing dual primaries that present concurrently.

Endowment is one of the important sources of income for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in many countries, including Malaysia. The elements that contribute to the success of this fund need to be identified so that its role can be sustained. There are several elements driving the success of endowment in HEIs were found in the previous study which consist of highly-skilled investment managers, superior investment committees and alumni networks. In this study, these elements were revisited in the context of Malaysia. This study is conducted based on a literature review which acts as a preliminary ground for further empirical research in this area. This study found that there are specific aspects that need to be included with the aforementioned elements to ensure that they are suitable to be applied in Malaysia. At the same time, other elements (i.e., diversity of income sources and effective fundraising) should be considered as well as they have the possibility to contribute to endowments’ success, especially in this country.

The number of network users and devices has exponentially increased in the last few decades, giving rise to sophisticated security threats while processing users’ and devices’ network data. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) introduces many new features, but none is more revolutionary than separating the control plane from the data plane. The separation helps DDoS attack detection mechanisms by introducing novel features and functionalities. Since the controller is the most critical part of the SDN network, its ability to control and monitor network traffic flow behavior ensures the network functions properly and smoothly. However, the controller’s importance to the SDN network makes it an attractive target for attackers. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is one of the major threats to network security. This paper presents a comprehensive review of information theory-based approaches to detect low-rate and high-rate DDoS attacks on SDN controllers. Additionally, this paper provides a qualitative comparison between this work and the existing reviews on DDoS attack detection approaches using various metrics to highlight this work’s uniqueness. Moreover, this paper provides in-depth discussion and insight into the existing DDoS attack detection approaches to point out their weaknesses that open the avenue for future research directions. Meanwhile, the finding of this paper can be used by other researchers to propose a new or enhanced approach to protect SDN controllers from the threats of DDoS attacks by accurately detecting both low-rate and high-rate DDoS attacks.

Introduction Social assistance programs create an income effect that allows low-income groups to raise their consumption to improve their well-being. However, this may unintentionally induce an increase in their consumption of temptation goods, including tobacco. By analyzing five massive social assistance programs distributed by the government since 2007, we explore whether those programs may induce increased smoking intensity in Indonesia. Methods This study is a quantitative study that applies a Tobit regression, Difference-in-Differences (DiD) regression, Difference regression, and two-sample t-test, using the 2017 Susenas (National Socioeconomic Survey) and the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey. Estimations using sociodemographic, regional, and social assistance dummy variables are used to explore the impact of the programs on the intensity of cigarette consumption in Indonesia, simultaneously assessing the relationship between cigarette consumption and socioeconomic conditions. Results Our estimations using Tobit regressions confirm that social assistance recipients consume 3.39 cigarettes per capita per week more than non-recipients. The DiD regressions on IFLS panel data show that social assistance programs significantly increase cigarette consumption by 2.8 cigarettes per capita per week. We also find that: 1) smokers have lower socioeconomic indicators than non-smokers in terms of nutrition and health and education expenditures, and 2) younger household members living with smokers have less educational attainment and higher average sick days. Conclusions There is reasonable evidence to support the hypothesis that social assistance programs in Indonesia have contributed to the greater intensity of tobacco consumption among the recipients. The findings call for policy reforms in social assistance programs to be warier with the eligibility conditions for social assistance recipients. Adding new conditions related to smoking behaviors might reduce the smoking intensity of those in low-income groups and, in the long run, might improve the effectiveness of social assistance programs in raising the socioeconomic welfare of the low-income population.

Theory concerning the high ideality factor of gallium nitride (GaN) based light- emitting diode (LED) has been reviewed. The presence of a high ideality factor indicates a large forward voltage that results in efficiency reduction. The paper suggests that tunneling is the main reason defining the exponential behaviour of current-voltage measurements, which leads to a high ideality factor. However, there is also a paper that suggests that the design of current geometry in the LED chip defines the value of ideality factor. An effective current spreading geometry in the LED chip will minimize the ideality factor and make it fall between the ideal range of 1 to 2. Besides, how the ideality factor is calculated will also play a major role in defining its value. By calculating the ideality factor based solely on the radiative recombination current formula, the value of ideality factor can result in an ideal ideality factor of 1.08.

Muhadharah activities that have existed and become part of beut in these three dayahs, enabled the birth of teungku dayah who were ready to appear in society as competent dā‘is. In fact, not all teungku dayah are able to appear as dā‘i figures that are referred to by society. This research is a qualitative descriptive study which obtained data by conducting interviews, observations and document review of social conditions at the study site. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed and came to a conclusion that the implementation of muhadharah on the salafi dayah in Bireuen Regency was generally carried out by following the old tradition and still accommodating and adopting the development and dynamics of today's muhadharah, such as language, tools and material mastery. In order to realize the effectiveness of the implementation of muhadharah on the salafi dayah the ulama and the dayah leaders argued that the muhadharah should receive serious attention in the form of its vision and mission.

The settlement of the BLBI Corruption Case was only focused on the mistakes of former IBRA Chairperson Syafruddin Arsyad Temenggung who issued paid settlement letter to Sjamsul Nursalim as a BLBI obligor which caused 4.58 trillion in financial losses, even though the SKL issuance contained legal slices of the state administration process and civil affairs. The corruption case of the former Chairperson of the IBRA has diverted us all to the main point of corruption errors in the BLBI distribution. Distribution of the Bank Indonesia Liquidity Assistance Facility (BLBI) with a total of 144.53 trillion, from the distribution recorded based on BPK-RI Audit No. 34 I / XII / 11/2006, there was a distribution deviation amounting to 138.44 trillion, but the BPK audit by law enforcement has never been carried out until now. Therefore the problem is focused on two main things, namely whether the settlement of the BLBI Corruption crime in the case of the IBRA chairman issuing SKL to Sjamsul Nursalim has resolved the BLBI corruption case and how the law enforcement policy in BLBI corruption settlement has cost the state 138,44 trillion . Using a normative juridical method that is qualitative in nature, the research results show that the settlement of BLBI corruption in the case of the IBRA chairman issuing SKL to Sjamsul Nursalim is not the case for BLBI irregularities and even in the legal doctrine of the case is not a corruption case due to a legal clash state administration and civil law. and there has been a transfer of corruption eradication in the case of BLBI distribution which has cost the country a total of 138.44 trillion, because law enforcers must enforce the law against alleged BLBI corruption with criminal mechanisms and if possible civilian efforts.

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become increasingly common in recent years due to their critical role in the field of smart transportation by supporting Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication. The security and privacy of VANET are of the utmost importance due to the use of an open wireless communication medium where messages are exchanged in plain text, something which allows attackers to intercept, tamper, replay, and delete them. Hence, there is a high probability that the safety of a VANET-based smart transportation system could be compromised. Nowadays, securing and safeguarding the exchange of messages in VANETs is the focus of many security research teams, as reflected by the number of authentication and privacy schemes that have been proposed. However, these schemes have not fulfilled all aspects of the security and privacy requirements. The present paper is an effort to provide a thorough background on VANETs and their components; various types of attacks on them; and all the security and privacy requirements for authentication and privacy schemes for VANETs. This paper is among the first to provide a comprehensive survey of the existing authentication and privacy schemes and compare them based on all security and privacy requirements, computational and communicational overheads, and the level of resistance to different types of attacks. It also provides a qualitative comparison with the existing surveys. This paper could serve as a guide and reference in the design and development of any new security and privacy techniques for VANETs.

The welfare of fishermen in Indonesia is still very low and many of them have not been able to meet their family's daily needs. This is caused by various factors that affect their economic condition. This paper aims to conduct economic empowerment training for fisheries communities in Ambulu Village, Losari District, Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia. In this study, 115 respondents Ambulu village fishermen are included in the study. The reviewed factors include social factors, work system factors, and economic factors themselves in meet the needs of fishermen's family. As much as 79.13% of respondents were able to meet their daily needs, while 20.87% were unable to meet their daily needs. This shows that other efforts are needed from fishermen to fulfil their daily needs in order to improve their welfare.

This study focuses specifically on the effect of Entrepreneurial Values and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Financial Performance of Indonesian state-owned enterprise and also incorporates Environmental Dynamism (ED) and Resource Availability (RA) as moderating variables which will influence the effect of (i) Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) on Financial Performance (FP), (ii) Entrepreneurial Values (EV) on Financial Performance (FP), and (iii) Entrepreneurial Values (EV) on Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO). In addition, this study also provides a better understanding about the effect of Financial Performance on Intention to Sustainable Development (ITS) as well as Financial Performance on Intention to Collaboration (ITC) in Indonesian state-owned enterprises. The method of analysis used in this study is PLS-SEM methodology with purposive sampling method. The unit of analysis is all the state-owned enterprises listed which consists of 81 out of 106 state-owned enterprises, while the unit of observation is individuals from those state-owned enterprises (represented by the paired CEO and CFO who are originated from the same company). The findings of this study are that there is a significantly positive effect of: (i) EV on EO; (ii) EO on FP; (iii) FP on ITS; and (iv) FP on ITC. Meanwhile, (i) there is not any significantly positive effect of EV on FP, and (ii) there is no significant moderating effect of ED and RA on the relationship between (1) EV and FP, (2) EO and FP, as well as (3) EV and EO.

Internet Protocol version six (IPv6) is equipped with new protocols, such as the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP). NDP is a stateless protocol without authentication that makes it vulnerable to many types of attacks, such as Router Advertisement (RA) and Neighbour Solicitation (NS) DoS flooding attacks. In these types of attacks, attackers send an enormous volume of abnormal NDP traffic, which causes congestion that degrades network performance. The expected behavior among these attacks is the existence of NDP traffic abnormalities. Thus, this research aims to propose a flow-based approach to detect abnormal NDP traffic behavior, which is considered an indicator of the presence of NDP-based attacks, such as RA and NS DoS flooding attacks. Also, the proposed approach relies on flow-based network traffic representation and adoption of the Entropy algorithm to detect the randomness in the network traffic. The proposed approach is evaluated in terms of detection accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score using a simulated dataset. The experimental result shows that the proposed approach obtained 98.1%, 55%, 100%, and 70.96% for average accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score, respectively, in detecting abnormal NDP traffic behavior caused by the RA DoS flooding attack. Meanwhile, the proposed approach obtained 99%, 91.3%, 100%, and 95.45% for average accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score, respectively, in detecting the abnormal NDP traffic behavior caused by the NS DoS flooding attack. Also, the proposed approach shows better results compared to other existing approaches.

This paper provides the details of a study on the effects of electron irradiation on two Low Noise Amplifiers (LNA), the Gallium-Arsenide (GaAs) pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) based and the Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT)-based. Previous studies have shown that the properties of GaAs and SiGe HBT’s are very tolerant of gamma, neutron, and proton irradiation without additional radiation hardening. Nowadays, commercials on the shelves (COTS) LNAs have been used in CubeSat space communication systems which may be connected to other communication networks for the implementation of the space-aerial- terrestrial integrated 5G network (SATIN) systems projects, for satellites, launched into Low and Medium Earth Orbits. Previous studies suggest that the electron radiation in space may degrade the LNAs’ performance and might even lead to its failure. Located at the front end of the communication receiver system, this paper conducted such investigation to evaluate the performance under the radiation of the GaAs and SiGe LNAs considering the physics of the technology of each LNA, respectively. The results indicate that both SiGe and GaAs technologies are affected after electron irradiation. As a result, this degradation of the LNAs’ performance affected the communications system performance of the inter-satellite radio link. After the assessment of the quality performance of the communication link at the system level, it has been found that the inter-satellite space link will be at risk under high space radiation dose and the link BER degrades proportionally to the radiation dose level.

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become increasingly common in the past decades and provides essential and efficient communication for vehicles within intelligent transportation systems. Securing the VANETs wireless communication channel is one of the principal challenges in VANETs since existing security schemes are still vulnerable to security and privacy issues and have substantial computational and communicational overheads. To overcome these issues, this paper focuses on enhancing an authentication scheme based on conditional privacy-preserving and improving its performance efficiency. This paper reviews the security vulnerabilities of the existing schemes. It also proposes enhancements to the identity-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme to secure and improve the efficiency of VANETs communications. The proposed scheme not only satisfies the security and privacy requirements but also has been proven secure under the random oracle model. Finally, the performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme is more efficient computationally and communicational than the existing schemes in signing and verifying VANETs messages.

Manajemen bengkel/laboratorium di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan secara fungsinya belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal, hanya terpaku sebatas penggunaan tempat praktikum siswa dan belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh para pengelola dalam meningkatkan kulitas bengkel/laboratorium di sekolah. Manajemen fasilitas bengkel/laboratorium sangat penting dalam peningkatan kulitas guru dan siswa dalam memenuhi mutu pembelajaran dan hasil dari kulitas pembelajaran guna meningkatkan kualitas lulusan. Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan pada dasarnya tidak hanya diperuntukkan untuk memahami penguasaan teori saja, namun harus juga memiliki kompetensi teori dan praktik dalam memenuhi kriteria unjuk kerja. Dengan demikian guru memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam penguasaan dan pengeloaan bengkel. Pelatihan Manajemen Bengkel/Laboratorium Bagi Guru Mata Pelajaran Praktik di SMK Wilayah Kabupaten Pandeglang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan manajemen guru dalam melakukan pengelolaan fasilitas bengkel/laboratorium di SMK.

In the current era, countries are required to contribute in order to compete with developing and developed countries. The government provides the legal basis governing the State Civil Apparatus, namely Law No. 5 of 2014. The regulation discusses its relation to the merit system based on qualifications, competencies, and performance. With this regulation, planning in developing human resources is needed in order to improve the quality of personnel themselves. The development of good apparatus resources will benefit an organization. One way can be done by providing education and training for apparatuses to improve their competence and quality. The discussion contained in the regulation of Law No. 5 of 2014 explains the management of human resources in accordance with the regulations.

Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the common eye diseases due to the complication of diabetes mellitus. Cotton wool spots, rough exudates, haemorrhages and microaneurysms are the symptoms of the diabetic retinopathy due to the fluid leakage that is caused by the high blood glucose level disorder. Early treatment to prevent a permanent blindness is important as it could save the diabetic retinopathy vision. Hence, in this study, we proposed to employ an automated detection method to diagnose the diabetic retinopathy. The dataset was obtained from the Kaggle Database and been divided for training, testing and validation purposes. Furthermore, Transfer Learning models, namely VGG19 were employed to extract the features before being processed by Machine Learning classifiers which are SVM, kNN and RF to classify the diabetic retinopathy. VGG19-SVM pipeline produced the best accuracy in training, testing and validation processes, achieving 99, 99 and 96 percents respectively.

Cunsumer loyalty is determined by a positive response to the perceived experience. The use of social media in marketing products can improve the quality of marketing. The purposes of this research are to: (1). Explain the relationship between social media marketing and consumer loyalty with brand equity as a mediation variable. (2). Explain the relationship between social media marketing and consumer loyalty with consumer response as a mediation variable (3). Develop a model of social media marketing and consumer loyalty relationships. The design of the research was done quantitatively to analyze the model of the relationship between social media marketing and consumer loyalty. To interpret quantitative results used focus Group discusion (FGD) methods and literature studies. The research sample numbered 200 respondents with consumer criteria of users of branded fashion products. Analysis tools using SEM with PLS Software. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between social media marketing to the consumer loyalty of fashion products both before and after mediated by brand equity and consumer response. The priority of the research to be conducted lies in how digital development in marketing contributes thought to the business world, government and how this study strengthens the theory for similar research

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders and is the final stage of every heart disease, marked by decreased functional capacity and patients’ quality of life (QoL). Suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (ST2) is a biomarker depicting heart fibrosis and remodeling that altered left ventricular geometry, which in turn decreases left ventricular contractility, decreases functional capacity, and ultimately affects the QoL of the HF patient. METHODS: An observational study was conducted with a cross-sectional approach involving 60 patients with systolic heart failure. Left ventricular geometry, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), ST2 level, and other biomarkers were examined, continued by QoL assessment. RESULTS: The ST2 level (33.25±23.55 ng/mL) was negatively correlated with LVEF (r=-0.257; p =0.024) and was positively correlated with QoL (r=0.255; p =0.05). The LVEF was negatively correlated with QoL (r=-0.224; p =0.031). However, no significant correlation was found between left ventricular geometry with ST2 level or patients’ QoL. CONCLUSION: Elevated ST2 levels are correlated with decreased LVEF and worse QoL in systolic heart failure subjects. Therefore, ST2 together with LVEF can be used as prognostic tools for patients with HF. KEYWORDS: heart failure, ST2, left ventricular geometry, left ventricular ejection fraction, quality of life

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a serious burden and can negatively impact patient quality of life. One of these ADRs, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (ACT), occurs in up to 65% of treated patients and can lead to congestive heart failure. Pharmacogenetic studies have helped to reveal the mechanisms of ACT and, consequently, inform current strategies to prevent ACT in the clinic. RECENT FINDINGS Many pharmacogenetic studies have been conducted for ACT, but few have led to the development of clinical practice guidelines and clinical genetic testing for ACT. This is, in part, because of lack of replication in independent patient cohorts and/or validation of an affected biological pathway. Recent advances in pharmacogenetic studies have been made through the use of novel methods that directly implicate dysregulated genes and perturbed biological pathways in response to anthracycline treatment. SUMMARY Furthering the understanding of the genetics and altered biological pathways of ACT through these novel methods can inform clinical treatment strategies and enable refinement of current clinical practice guidelines. This can therefore lead to improvement in clinical pharmacogenetic testing for further reduction of the incidence of ACT in pediatric cancer patients taking anthracyclines.

The objectives of the study were to investigate conditions of Islamic ethics promotion and to develop learning activities to promote Islamic ethics for Muslim youth in the three Southern border provinces. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, brainstorming and critique meetings with four groups of informants: Muslim youth, parents and guardians, Muslim leaders, and Muslim academics. The data were analyzed using content analysis and presented using descriptive analysis. The results were as follows. 1) Islamic ethics promotion faced the problems of lacking experts or knowledgeable persons to carry out Islamic ethics promotion, and family did not give importance to Islamic ethics promotion. As a result, Islamic ethics promotion was not successful, Muslim youth did not receive enough Islamic ethics promotion and some of them behaved against Islamic ethical principles and neglected Islamic practice. Even though Islamic ethics promotion is needed for Muslim youth to live their lives consistent with Islamic principles, some of them wanted to have group learning activities and Islamic ethics training camps to be organized regularly so that they could appropriately apply them in their everyday life. 2) There were seven types of learning activities to promote Islamic ethics among Muslim youth that the community could apply according to the needs of the target group and community context. They were group study activities, mind-resting activities and nighttime Islamic activities, Islamic ethics training camps, Anasyid activities (singing and chanting activities to raise awareness), social reflection plays, volunteering activities, and meet the Muslim youth of new generation activities.

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) technology is the basis of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) connectivity that enables the delivery of useful information to and fro between vehicles in vehicle-to-vehicle communication mode; or between vehicle and infrastructure in vehicle-to-infrastructure mode for safety and comfort. However, due to the openness of the wireless medium used by VANET, the technology is vulnerable to security threats in both communication modes. In this study, the essential background of VANET from architectural point of view and communication types are discussed. Then, the overview of modification attack in VANET is presented. In addition, this paper thoroughly reviews the existing prevention schemes for modification attack in VANET. This review paper reveals that there is still a need for a better and more efficient preventive scheme to address the modification attack in VANET.

The general goal of education is to develop Indonesian people completely in the sense that carried out education still maintain unity, diversity and develop individual’s ideals. Every citizen has the right to obtain education equally with excellence and a balance (equity) between the utilization (access) with achievement. The higher education system must be able to create a quality higher education that is also affordable by the people of Indonesia. A university leader must be in-line and lead a "quality revolution". All energy and attention are focused on the "quality revolution". For this reason, this paper will examine the Implementation of Higher Education Quality Management Systems. As a case study is that has implemented a Quality Management System. According to Law No. 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education. Quality Higher Education is Higher Education that produces graduates who are able to actively develop their potential and produce Science and / or Technology that is useful for the Community, nation, and country. The government operates a higher education quality assurance system to get quality education. The Higher Education quality assurance system referred to consists of: a. internal quality assurance system developed by Higher Education; and b. external quality assurance system carried out through accreditation. Implementation of Quality Management Systems in Higher Education can produce Quality and Affordable Education.

Warehouse provides a large share to support the performance of a company engaged in logistics. Perum Bulog is Indonesia state-own enterprise whose has a national network and warehouse units in almost all regions in Indonesia from Aceh to Papua. The purpose of this study was to analyze the warehouse utilization rates, the potential benefits of warehouse rentals, and the level of the difference of warehouse utilization in surplus and deficit areas. The results showed that from four regional division sampling found that the largest utilization is in the North Sumatra area at 68.81%. Other regional division utilizations are West Java (57.68%), South Sulawesi (30.46%), and West Kalimantan (43.83%). There is a difference level of utilization between the surplus warehouse area and the deficit area, which indicates a difference in the supply and demand patterns. The calculation between the surplus group and the deficit group done to determine the gap magnitude that occur within the two groups. The potential benefits from the warehouse rentals produce when the warehouse experiences a low utilization rate are 4.757 billion Rupiah.

PurposeThe pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia appears hesitant to make the transition from inventor to innovator and instead continues with the process of formulation and packaging. Evidence-based policy has been advocated for Indonesia and, in general, this is more likely to hold. This study aims to establish a model for a policy-making process that is strategically able to predict strategies that would encourage drug development in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach with the survey method was designed to obtain appropriate data from a population of pharmaceutical industries in Indonesia and relevant government institutions to assess the relationship of various factors capable of triggering domestic drug development, including pharma capability, political feasibility and innovation incentives. The construct was validated using a set of techniques pertaining to the calculation of structural equation modeling.FindingsThe model demonstrates how it matters when applied to the policy-making process. It proves that pharma capability, political feasibility, and innovation incentives correlated to pharma capability are major catalysts in the promotion of drug development. These are largely explained by market opportunity, pull factors, government power, and position. Although all of the elements were moderately to strongly related to the promotion of drug development, this study has revealed the predictive impact on drug development in Indonesia to be only 46%.Originality/valueThis study adds values to policy-makers as it attempts to predict strategies that would encourage a successful policy when being implemented. Encompassing both pharma industries and government institutions, this study captures a real situation and provides an empirical contribution to the concept of the integrated research of drug development in developing countries.

The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of localised colon cancer was published in 2020. It was decided by both the ESMO and the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO) to convene a special virtual guidelines meeting in March 2021 to adapt the ESMO 2020 guidelines to take into account the ethnic differences associated with the treatment of localised colon cancer in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with localised colon cancer representing the oncological societies of Japan (JSMO), China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices and drug availability and reimbursement situations in the different Asian countries.

This study aims to explore how changes in community preferences, shari’ah economic development through the tridharma of higher education and its contribution to the development of shari’ah economics. This study was conducted at the UIN Alauddin Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study applied library research. Data collection techniques in this study using discourse from books, articles, magazines, journals, and web (internet). Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, among others, data reduction, data display and conclusion. The results show that there is a change in community preferences caused by external factors (changes in the social and economic environment) and internal factors in higher education in responding to community dynamics. Higher education can be used as a vehicle in the development of shari’ah Economy through the application of higher education tridharma. Furthermore, higher education also takes a significant role in developing scientific aspects and human resources in the field of Sharia Economics in Indonesia.

Communication is the process of delivering messages by someone to other people to tell, change attitudes, opinions or behavior either directly orally or indirectly through the media. In this communication requires a reciprocal relationship between the delivery of messages and recipients namely communicators and communicants. The purpose of Islamic communication is to give good news with the shadow of the multiplication of fahala and the recompense of heaven, giving news of fear of the threat of doom, and the reward of hell. And invite the people to understand and forbid from evil deeds, and remind those who are negligent, and teach and guide those who are ignorant. The type of research contained in this dissertation is qualitative. Qualitative research is a study that aims to understand the phenomena or social realities that arise in society which are subject to holistic research, and by describing in the form of words and languages in a special context that is natural by utilizing various natural methods. The approach that the researchers used in this study was case studies. In this study, researchers explored the patterns of communication carried out by members and institutions of the Wilayatul Hisbah in implementing amar ma'ruf nahi munkar in Lhokseumawe City.

The current paper conceptualises an innovative, sustainable social business contract farming model by blending three essential business aspects, namely, relational norms, social capital, and social business dimensions. In the case of contract farming, evidence shows that the social aspect and social business-based contract farming model are over-sighted. This study offers an efficient social business contract farming model by, first, reviewing the conventional contract farming model and, secondly, by developing and proposing a robust, multidimensional model for contract farming. This proposed framework may have profound implications for the agriculture sector and may provide a strong sustainable contract farming management guideline for the global agriculture industry.

Background For many low and middle-income countries poor quality health care is now responsible for a greater number of deaths than insufficient access to care. This has in turn raised concerns around the distribution of quality of care in LMICs: do the poor have access to lower quality health care compared to the rich? The aim of this study is to investigate the extent of inequalities in the availability of quality health services across the Indonesian health system with a particular focus on differences between care delivered in the public and private sectors. Methods Using the Indonesian Family Life Survey (wave 5, 2015), 15,877 households in 312 communities were linked with a representative sample of both public and private health facilities available in the same communities. Quality of health facilities was assessed using both a facility service readiness score and a knowledge score constructed using clinical vignettes. Ordinary least squares regression models were used to investigate the determinants of quality in public and private health facilities. Results In both sectors, inequalities in both quality scores existed between major islands. In public facilities, inequalities in readiness scores persisted between rural and urban areas, and to a lesser extent between rich and poor communities. Conclusion In order to reach the ambitious stated goal of reaching Universal Health Coverage in Indonesia, priority should be given to redressing current inequalities in the quality of care.

Aim NELA recommends rapid request, conduct and reporting of CT to reduce the delay in time to theatre and thus ultimately improving patient outcomes. Our aim was to identify and reduce delays with regards to CT scanning and reporting. Methods Our Local Laparotomy Pathway standard recommends that CT scans be performed within one hour of being requested and reported within one hour of being performed. NELA data and electronic records were reviewed over a 3 month period (January 2020 to March 2020) - revealing that only 59% of pre-laparotomy CTs done (n = 17) complied with this standard. A dedicated “CT Emergency Laparotomy” protocol was introduced, which assigned the scan as top priority for both radiographers and radiologists. After making this change, data was prospectively collected to see if there was reduced time from CT request to report. Results Compliance with the pathway standard for the three month period from October 2020 to January 2021 increased to 81% (n = 21). Reasons for non-compliance included patient instability, awaiting renal profile; and COVID-related deep cleaning between patients. Out of hours, CT reporting was outsourced, which led to even quicker reporting – with multiple scans being both performed and reported within one hour of the request. Of the 16 patients that fit the criteria for urgent laparotomy, 87.5% (14 patients) were operated on within 6 hours of initial intention to operate. Conclusion Our re-audit showed that after the introduction of a dedicated laparotomy CT protocol, there was reduced time to CT report and ultimately reduced delay to Laparotomy.

Grasberg post mining land of PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) has the opportunity to become an attractive ecotourism location. The objectives of this study are (1) Analyze current business models. (2) Analyze internal and external factors that affect the post-mining Grasberg ecotourism business model. (3) Design a verified business model (BMC-1) by considering internal and external analysis. (4) Formulation of strategies and policy priorities for post-mining Grasberg ecotourism development. The research method used was AHP, BMC, PESTEL and VRIO. The results showed that the current business model with several initial indicators for each of the 9 elements of the block model. Internal factors that have a sustainable competitive advantage are location, tourism potential, supporting facilities and facilities, the ability to manage mining tourism, the ability to work in teams, the ability to produce innovation and creativity. External factors that affect the business model, political aspects are influenced by regime change which then affects the share ownership portion as well as cabinet changes as well as the security stability factor. The design of the WTG (Grasberg Mine Tourism) business model resulted in a verified BMC with the addition of indicators for the nine elements of the model. The priority of developing WTG policies focuses on alternative development of tourism services, participation of indigenous peoples, management of activities and coordination of indigenous peoples. The conclusion of this research is to be able to go to the commercial tourism industry, WTG managers need to focus on the key activity elements, the value proposition element, the key resource elements, and the key partner element. Keywords: AHP, BMC, PESTEL, Post Mine Tourism, VRIO

A heterogeneous wireless network (HWN) environment contains many kinds of wireless networks, such as UMTS, LTE, and WLAN, where users move around within their coverage area. How to ensure mobile users select the most suitable network is a hot research topic for HWNs. While traditional access selection algorithms assume that mobile users can obtain accurate network attribute values, the network attribute values obtained by mobile users are often uncertain due to the mobility of users, the interference of wireless signals, and the fluctuation of the network state. To solve this problem, this paper designs an access selection algorithm for HWNs in the context of inaccurate network attribute values. First, the algorithm calculates the network attribute values based on the hesitant fuzzy theory, then calculates the weights of network attributes using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and finally sorts the candidate networks using the hesitant fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. The simulation results show the proposed algorithm enables users to select the most suitable network to access under the inaccurate network attribute environment and obtain higher gains.

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate a controller design and simulations of autonomous hybrid wind turbine system with variable-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and a system for storing energy. The proposed system is mainly composed of a wind turbine drives permanent magnet synchronous generator, uncontrolled rectifier, DC/DC converter, DC/AC inverter and static loads. Furthermore, the mathematical model of the studied sub-systems and two control loops are considered. The first one is the controller which needed to preserve the DC-link voltage fixed at its desired value. The second one is the controller which needed to regulate the charge/discharge modes of the storage battery. The suggested hybrid wind/energy storage power generation model is considered and analyzed in case of without controller firstly. Then, the considered hybrid wind/energy storage power generation unit with the proposed controller is examined through a step change in wind speed. Digital simulation results show that the power desired by the linked loads may be successfully supplied and transported by the presented hybrid wind turbine and energy storage power generation system based on proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. Also, the emulation results show that there a good foretelling of the electrical variable waveforms and good achievement in case of the presented controller emulated with the case of without controller as maintaining the load voltage fixed at its reference values

Madrasah Diniyah (Madin) as one of the non-formal educational institutions that is needed by the community at this time to provide provisions as the successor to the nation. So that the learning process in Madin runs well, various facilities are needed, including the availability of a library. The library is a place to find information sharing knowledge for students (santri). The availability of libraries in Madin Salawiyah, Ngombak Village, Kedungjati Sub-district, can help students form the habit of reading and seeking knowledge for students. Observation results show that: (1) open services are services that give students the opportunity to choose free books to read and take home, (2) closed services namely services that allow participants to visit the library at certain hours, and (3) students Madin Salawiyah showed high enthusiasm to visit the library. The results of dedication to library services can improve the optimization of services to students, scholars, clerics by applying the simplicity of service, responsibility, and convenience. In addition, good library services can have a good impact on library users, such as being able to motivate friends to actively read books, increase knowledge, make it easier to complete the tasks of the clerics and religious teachers. Therefore, the library Madin Salawiyah continues to evaluate the performance and quality of the library in order to create a conducive atmosphere for students in reading.

Methanol is a clean energy resource as it can be produced from the waste, natural gas, landfill gas, and many more. Nowadays, methanol is one of the primary feedstocks for many chemical productions. Therefore, the production of methanol is now getting demanded around the world. However, one must consider the sustainability of methanol production. Sustainability contemplates three significant impacts of the process that are economic (EI), environment (ENVI), and social (SCI). Hence, this paper aims to evaluate the sustainability of methanol processing plants using Sustainability Evaluator (SE) in conjunction with Aspen HYSYS. Two routes were chosen to simulate the methanol plants (i) via Syngas (ii) and natural gas. NRTL and Peng Robinson were used as thermodynamic packages to ensure a good description of a nonideal system. The results generated from HYSYS, such as purity, production yield, and the amount of energy consumed, were extracted to be fed into the SE. Methanol via natural gas has a higher purity, which was 99.2% compared to methanol via Syngas that was only 94.1%. The SUI of the methanol production via syngas and methanol production via natural gas were found to be 0.34 and 0.15, respectively. Therefore, the overall sustainability index has shown that the methanol plant via natural gas that simulated in this project via HYSYS was more sustainable.