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A novel linear microprobe array (LMPA) has been developed by a conventional microfabrication method from silicon. The LMPA leverages the properties of conventional microwire with additional features of naturally formed regular spacing. With the help of periodic microprobe arrays and double-side V-grooves fabricated in advance between each pair of the two microprobes’ rear ends, the number of microprobe units for assembly in one array can be flexibly chosen by cleavage fracture from the LMPA. The fabrication method was demonstrated and the prototype device was assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and in vivo test. The SNR of the spikes recorded was 6.

A new optical wireless sensing system to detect the acoustic emission (AE) signals generated from the monitoring structure was presented in this paper. In the sensing system, an relocatable AE sensor head based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was developed. Also a wireless module was connected with the designed FBG AE sensor head in a compact package. The results of the pencil lead breaking experiment indicated that the wireless FBG AE sensing system has excellent output response correspond very well to the traditional PZT AE sensor. The frequency responses of the designed system were also investigated. It has demonstrated that the system has shown a good performance in discriminating AE waves with different resonant frequencies.

The trade of wastes in the world has been increasing and China has become the largest importer of wastes. This paper examines the import trend of different wastes and finds out that the total import volume to China approved by the Chinese government keeps increasing and the illegal trade can not be banned despite repeated prohibitions; therefore, China is not only “a world factory”, but actually “a global garbage dump”. In order to well understand the implications of wastes import, this paper further analyzes the resource and environmental effects and risks of different wastes imports as well as the strong driving force of wastes imports. Based on these detailed analysis and solid data, policy recommendations are put forward to reduce the demand for raw materials, to further strengthen the inspection of and supervision over the international trade of the wastes that can be used as raw materials by using the life cycle analysis and risk analysis, to improve the environmental standards and strength...

Assume that two reinsurers participate in a reinsurance treaty, and both the insurer and two reinsurers adopt the variance premium principle. Based on the above jump risk model, we use the diffusion approximation risk process to model the assets of insurance company with reinsurance. To avoid bankruptcy, the insurance company will receive capital injections, we assume that each capital injection is not less than a certain constant d>0, and it also will incur some fixed transaction costs and proportional taxes, i.e., impulse injections with constraint. For the diffusion model, we study the minimum of the expected discounted nonlinear capital injection, using Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) method, and we give explicit solutions for the value function and the optimal control strategy. Finally, for the influence of parameters on the optimal results, we also give numerical analysis.

Objective: To understand the current situation of China's health food, and to provide a reference for the development of Healthcare Industry. Methods: Create a database of China's health food information from China Food and Drug Administration website. Conduct a systemic analysis of the regional distribution, annual distribution, dosage forms distribution and functions of health food. Results: Guangdong and Beijing have produced the most health food; the data line of health food quantity has two peaks in 1997 and 2004. From 2013, the number of health food started growing steadily; health food formulations are mainly capsules and tablets; the functions of health food are centered mainly on strengthening the immune system and relieving physical fatigue. Conclusion: Innovation is needed in the formulations and the functions of domestic health food; China’s domestic health food industry should increase investment in science and technology; Overall, China’s health food industry has a bright future.