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1. Pregnancy outcomes and cytomegalovirus DNAaemia in HIV-infected pregnant women with CMV

Author

M. Floridia, M. F. Pirillo, A. Degli Antoni, A. Molinari, E. Tamburrini, C. Pinnetti, G. Guaraldi, G. Nardini, G. Masuelli, S. Dalzero, I. Cetin, M. Sansone, R. Amici, M. Ravizza, on behalf of The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy: [. . ., F. Mori, P. Ortolani, E. R. dalle Nogare, F. Di Lorenzo, G. Sterrantino, M. Meli, S. Polemi, J. Nocentini, M. Baldini, G. Montorzi, M. Mazzetti, P. Rogasi, B. Borchi, F. Vichi, B. Del Pin, E. Pinter, E. Anzalone, R. Marocco, C. Mastroianni, V. S. Mercurio, A. Carocci, E. Grilli, A. Maccabruni, M. Zaramella, B. Mariani, G. Natalini Raponi, C. Stentarelli, B. Beghetto, A. M. Degli Antoni, M. P. Crisalli, A. Donisi, M. Piepoli, V. Cerri, G. Zuccotti, V. Giacomet, S. Coletto, F. Di Nello, C. Madia, G. Placido, A. Vivarelli, P. Castelli, F. Savalli, V. Portelli, F. Sabbatini, D. Francisci, L. Bernini, P. Grossi, L. Rizzi, S. Alberico, G. Maso, M. Airoud, G. Soppelsa, A. Meloni, M. Dedoni, C. Cuboni, F. Ortu, P. Piano, A. Citernesi, I. Bordoni Vicini, K. Luzi, A. Spinillo, M. Roccio, A. Vimercati, A. Miccolis, A. De Gennaro, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, F. Cervi, SIMONAZZI, GIULIANA, E. Margarito, M. G. Capretti, C. Marsico, FALDELLA, GIACOMO, P. Martinelli, A. Agangi, A. Capone, G. M. Maruotti, C. Tibaldi, L. Trentini, T. Todros, V. Frisina, T. Brambilla, V. Savasi, C. Personeni, C. Giaquinto, M. Fiscon, E. Rubino, A. Bucceri, R. Matrone, G. Scaravelli, O. Genovese, C. Cafforio, G. Liuzzi, V. Tozzi, P. Massetti, A. M. Casadei, A. F. Cavaliere, M. Cellini, G. Castelli Gattinara, A. M. Marconi, V. Sacchi, M. Ierardi, C. Polizzi, A. Mattei, C. M. Galluzzo, S. Donnini, S. Baroncelli, P. Villani, M. Cusato, A. Cerioli, M. De Martino, P. Mastroiacovo, F. Parazzini, S. Vella, M. Floridia, M.F. Pirillo, A. Degli Antoni, A. Molinari, E. Tamburrini, C. Pinnetti, G. Guaraldi, G.Nardini, G.Masuelli, S. Dalzero, I. Cetin, M. Sansone, R. Amici, M. Ravizza, on behalf of The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy: [.., F. Mori, P. Ortolani, E. R. dalle Nogare, F. Di Lorenzo, G. Sterrantino, M. Meli, S. Polemi, J. Nocentini, M. Baldini, G. Montorzi, M. Mazzetti, P. Rogasi, B. Borchi, F. Vichi, B. Del Pin, E. Pinter, E. Anzalone, R. Marocco, C. Mastroianni, V. S. Mercurio, A. Carocci, E. Grilli, A. Maccabruni, M. Zaramella, B. Mariani, G. Natalini Raponi, G. Nardini, C. Stentarelli, B. Beghetto, A. M. Degli Antoni, M. P. Crisalli, A. Donisi, M. Piepoli, V. Cerri, G. Zuccotti, V. Giacomet, S. Coletto, F. Di Nello, C. Madia, G. Placido, A. Vivarelli, P. Castelli, F. Savalli, V. Portelli, F. Sabbatini, D. Francisci, L. Bernini, P. Grossi, L. Rizzi, S. Alberico, G. Maso, M. Airoud, G. Soppelsa, A. Meloni, M. Dedoni, C. Cuboni, F. Ortu, P. Piano, A. Citernesi, I. Bordoni Vicini, K. Luzi, A. Spinillo, M. Roccio, A. Vimercati, A. Miccoli, A. De Gennaro, B. Guerra, F. Cervi, G. Simonazzi, E. Margarito, M. G. Capretti, C. Marsico, G. Faldella, P. Martinelli, A. Agangi, A. Capone, G. M. Maruotti, C. Tibaldi, L. Trentini, T. Todro, G. Masuelli, V. Frisina, T. Brambilla, V. Savasi, C. Personeni, C. Giaquinto, M. Fiscon, E. Rubino, A. Bucceri, R. Matrone, G. Scaravelli, O. Genovese, C. Cafforio, G. Liuzzi, V. Tozzi, P. Massetti, A. M. Casadei, A. F. Cavaliere, M. Cellini, G. Castelli Gattinara, A. M. Marconi, V. Sacchi, M. Ierardi, C. Polizzi, A. Mattei, M. F. Pirillo, C. M. Galluzzo, S. Donnini, S. Baroncelli, P. Villani, M. Cusato, A. Cerioli, M. De Martino, P. Mastroiacovo, F. Parazzini, S. Vella, and ]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cytomegalovirus Infection, pregnancy outcomes, Cytomegalovirus, HIV Infections, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Female, Humans, Italy, Population Surveillance, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prevalence, Coinfection, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Viremia, Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Hiv infected, HIV Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, CMV, CMV-DNA, Infectious, General Medicine, pregnancy, Cytomegalovirus infections, preterm delivery, Human, 030106 microbiology, Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Pregnancy outcomes, Preterm delivery, business.industry, HIV, Cytomegaloviru, medicine.disease, Virology, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Complications, Infectiou, business
Published
2016

2. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy in an area with low seroprevalence: is prenatal screening still worthwhile?

Author

Capretti MG, De Angelis M, Tridapalli E, Orlandi A, Moroni A, Marsico C, MARSICO, CONCETTA, MARANGONI, ANTONELLA, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, ARCURI, SANTO, FALDELLA, GIACOMO, Capretti MG, De Angelis M, Tridapalli E, Orlandi A, Marangoni A, Moroni A, Guerra B, Arcuri S, Marsico C, and Faldella G.

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Emigrants and Immigrants, Prenatal diagnosis, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Pregnancy, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Prenatal Diagnosis, medicine, Seroprevalence, Humans, Young adult, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Congenital toxoplasmosi, business.industry, Obstetrics, Infant, Newborn, Prenatal screening, medicine.disease, Toxoplasmosis, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Relative risk, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Female, business, Cohort study
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of Toxoplasma gondii (Tg) screening during pregnancy in areas with a low prevalence of the infection is debated. We investigate the Tg serological status, the rate of primary infection in a cohort of pregnant women and the rate of congenital toxoplasmosis among their infants during a 3-year period in an urban area with low Tg prevalence. METHODS: Demographic and Tg serological data for all pregnant women delivering from January 2009 to December 2011 were collected. All pregnant women with primary Tg infection during pregnancy and their infants were included in the study. RESULTS: In early pregnancy, 10,347 women underwent prenatal screening and 2308 (22.3%) had anti-Tg. The seroprevalence among non-native women was significantly higher than that among native women [32.8% vs. 19.1%, relative risk: 1.71, P < 0.001]. The incidence rate of primary Tg infection during pregnancy was 0.77%. Immigrant women were more likely to be infected during pregnancy than Italian women (relative risk: 4.88, P < 0.001). Tg infection was more frequent in women coming from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and South America. The CT incidence rate was 0.06%. All congenitally infected infants were born to immigrant mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Tg infection during pregnancy and congenital disease are more frequent in non-native mothers and their infants. Measures to prevent Tg exposition must be carefully explained to pregnant women, with a focus on specific habits in non-native women. Prenatal screening is still effective to select women for prenatal therapy aiming to decrease vertical transmission and to identify foetuses/newborns with congenital disease that could benefit from pre/postnatal antiparasitic therapy.

Published
2014

3. Declining HCV seroprevalence in pregnant women with HIV

Author

Floridia M., Tamburrini E., Anzidei G., Tibaldi C., M. L. Muggiasca M. L., Guaraldi G., Fiscon M., Vimercati A, Martinelli P., Donisi A., Dalzero S., Ravizza M., the italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, Floridia M., Tamburrini E., Anzidei G., Tibaldi C., M. L. Muggiasca M. L., Guaraldi G., Fiscon M., Vimercati A, Martinelli P., Donisi A., Dalzero S., Ravizza M., the italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [, Guerra B., ], Floridia, M, Tamburrini, E, Anzidei, G, Tibaldi, C, Muggiasca, Ml, Guaraldi, G, Fiscon, M, Vimercati, A, Martinelli, Pasquale, Donisi, A, Dalzero, S, Ravizza, M, and for the Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in, Pregnancy

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Population, HIV Infections, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Flaviviridae, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, medicine, Seroprevalence, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Chi-Square Distribution, biology, business.industry, Obstetrics, HIV, virus diseases, Odds ratio, Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Infectious Diseases, africa, hcv, hiv, pregnancy, women, Logistic Models, Italy, HCV, Immunology, Female, business, Viral hepatitis
Abstract

SUMMARYWe assessed recent trends in hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in pregnant women with HIV using data from a large national study. Based on 1240 pregnancies, we observed a 3·4-fold decline in HCV seroprevalence in pregnant women with HIV between 2001 (29·3%) and 2008 (8·6%). This decline was the net result of two components: a progressively declining HCV seroprevalence in non-African women (from 35·7% in 2001 to 16·7% in 2008), sustained by a parallel reduction in history of injecting drug use (IDU) in this population, and a significantly growing presence (from 21·2% in 2001 to 48·6% in 2008) of women of African origin, at very low risk of being HCV-infected [average HCV prevalence 1%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for HCV 0·09, 95% CI 0·03–0·29]. Previous IDU was the stronger determinant of HCV co-infection in pregnant women with HIV (aOR 30·9, 95% CI 18·8–51·1). The observed trend is expected to translate into a reduced number of cases of vertical HCV transmission.

Published
2010

4. Antiretroviral treatment in pregnancy: a six-year perspective on recent trends in prescription patterns, viral load suppression, and pregnancy outcomes

Author

Silvia Baroncelli, Enrica Tamburrini, Marina Ravizza, Serena Dalzero, Cecilia Tibaldi, Enrico Ferrazzi, Gianfranco Anzidei, Marta Fiscon, Salvatore Alberico, Pasquale Martinelli, Giuseppina Placido, Giovanni Guaraldi, Carmela Pinnetti, Marco Floridia for The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [Participants: M. Ravizza, E. Tamburrini, P. Ortolani, F. Mori, C. Monticelli, E. R. dalle Nogare, G. Sterrantino, M. Meli, S. Polemi, J. Nocentini, M. Baldini, M. Mazzetti, B. Borchi, F. Vichi, E. Pinter, E. Anzalone, V. S. Mercurio, A. Carocci, E. Grilli, A. Maccabruni, B. Mariani, A. Moretti, G. Natalini, G. Guaraldi, K. Luzi, G. Nardini, A. Zoncada, A. Degli Antoni, A. Molinari, P. Rogasi, M. P. Crisalli, A. Donisi, V. Cerri, E. Chiesa, A. Lupo, D. Repetto, A. Viganò, V. Giacomet, V. Fabiano, S. Stucchi, C. Cerini, G. Placido, M. Dalessandro, A. Vivarelli, P. Castelli, F. Savalli, V. Portelli, S. Alberico, M. Bernardon, A. Meloni, D. Gariel, C. Cuboni, F. Ortu, P. Piano, A. Citernesi, I. Vicini, E. Periti, A. Spinillo, M. Roccio, A. Vimercati, E. Tridapalli, M. Stella, S. Vagnoni, I. Strada, C. Puccetti, M. Sansone, P. Martinelli, C. Tibaldi, L. Trentini, S. Marini, G. Masuelli, L. Di Lenardo, I. Cetin, M. L. Muggiasca, V. Conserva, T. Brambilla, E. Ferrazzi, C. Giaquinto, M. Fiscon, E. Rubino, A. Bucceri, R. Matrone, G. Scaravelli, G. Anzidei, S. Di Giambenedetto, C. Fundarò, O. Genovese, C. Cafforio, C. Pinnetti, G. Liuzzi, V. Tozzi, P. Massetti, M. Anceschi, A. M. Casadei, F. Montella, A. F. Cavaliere, V. Finelli, C. Riva, L. Lazier, M. Cellini, S. Garetto, G. Castelli Gattinara, A. M. Marconi, M. Ierardi, S. Foina, B. Salerio, S. Dalzero, M. Oneta, C. Polizzi, A. Mattei, M. F. Pirillo, R. Amici, C. M. Galluzzo, S. Donnini, S. Baroncelli, M. F.l.o.r.i.d.i.a. Pharmacokinetics: M. Regazzi, P. Villani, M. Cusato, Advisory Board: A. Cerioli, M. De Martino, P. Mastroiacovo, M. Moroni, F. Parazzini, S. Vella, SIGO HIV Group National Coordinators: E. Ferrazzi, P. Martinelli], GUERRA, BRUNELLA, FALDELLA, GIACOMO, Baroncelli, S, Tamburrini, E, Ravizza, M, Dalzero, S, Tibaldi, C, Ferrazzi, E, Anzidei, G, Fiscon, M, Alberico, S, Martinelli, Pasquale, Placido, G, Guaraldi, G, Pinnetti, C., Floridia, M., Silvia Baroncelli, Enrica Tamburrini, Marina Ravizza, Serena Dalzero, Cecilia Tibaldi, Enrico Ferrazzi, Gianfranco Anzidei, Marta Fiscon, Salvatore Alberico, Pasquale Martinelli, Giuseppina Placido, Giovanni Guaraldi, Carmela Pinnetti, and Marco Floridia for The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [Participants: M. Ravizza, E. Tamburrini, P. Ortolani, F. Mori, C. Monticelli, E.R. dalle Nogare, G. Sterrantino, M. Meli, S. Polemi, J. Nocentini, M. Baldini, M. Mazzetti, B. Borchi, F. Vichi, E. Pinter, E. Anzalone, V.S. Mercurio, A. Carocci, E. Grilli, A. Maccabruni, B. Mariani, A. Moretti, G. Natalini, G. Guaraldi, K. Luzi, G. Nardini, A. Zoncada, A. Degli Antoni, A. Molinari, P. Rogasi, M.P. Crisalli, A. Donisi, V. Cerri, E. Chiesa, A. Lupo, D. Repetto, A. Viganò, V. Giacomet, V. Fabiano, S. Stucchi, C. Cerini, G. Placido, M. Dalessandro, A. Vivarelli, P. Castelli, F. Savalli, V. Portelli, S. Alberico, M. Bernardon, A. Meloni, D. Gariel, C. Cuboni, F. Ortu, P. Piano, A. Citernesi, I. Vicini, E. Periti, A. Spinillo, M. Roccio, A. Vimercati, B. Guerra, E. Tridapalli, M. Stella, G. Faldella, S. Vagnoni, I. Strada, C. Puccetti, M. Sansone, P. Martinelli, C. Tibaldi, L. Trentini, S. Marini, G. Masuelli, L. Di Lenardo, I. Cetin, M.L. Muggiasca, V. Conserva, T. Brambilla, E. Ferrazzi, C. Giaquinto, M. Fiscon, E. Rubino, A. Bucceri, R. Matrone, G. Scaravelli, G. Anzidei, S. Di Giambenedetto, C. Fundarò, O. Genovese, C. Cafforio, C. Pinnetti, G. Liuzzi, V. Tozzi, P. Massetti, M. Anceschi, A.M. Casadei, F. Montella, A.F. Cavaliere, V. Finelli, C. Riva, L. Lazier, M. Cellini, S. Garetto, G. Castelli Gattinara, A.M. Marconi, M. Ierardi, S. Foina, B. Salerio, S. Dalzero, M. Oneta, C. Polizzi, A. Mattei, M.F. Pirillo, R. Amici, C.M. Galluzzo, S. Donnini, S. Baroncelli, M. Floridia. Pharmacokinetics: M. Regazzi, P. Villani, M. Cusato, Advisory Board: A. Cerioli, M. De Martino, P. Mastroiacovo, M. Moroni, F. Parazzini, S. Vella, SIGO-HIV Group National Coordinators: E. Ferrazzi, and P. Martinelli]

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Population, antiretroviral therapy, HIV Infections, Antiviral Agents, Drug Prescriptions, Zidovudine, Young Adult, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, education, HIV, pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Obstetrics, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Pregnancy Outcome, Lamivudine, Lopinavir, Viral Load, medicine.disease, Drug Utilization, Infectious Diseases, Nelfinavir, Italy, Immunology, HIV-1, Ritonavir, Female, business, Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract

The aim of the study was to describe the recent trends in antiretroviral treatment in late pregnancy and the sociodemographic changes among pregnant women with HIV over the last 6 years. Data from the National Program on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy in Italy were grouped per calendar year, and changes in antiretroviral treatment, population characteristics, maternal immunovirologic status and newborn clinical parameters were analyzed. A total of 981 HIV-infected mothers who delivered between 2002 and 2008 were evaluated. The proportion of women receiving at least three antiretroviral drugs at delivery increased significantly from 63.0% in 2002 to 95.5% in 2007-2008, paralleled by a similar upward trend in the proportion of women who achieved complete viral suppression at third trimester (from 37.3 in 2002 to 80.9 in 2007-2008; p < 0.001). The co-formulation of zidovudine plus lamivudine remained the most common nucleoside backbone in pregnancy, even if a significant increase in the use of tenofovir plus emtricitabine was observed in more recent years. Starting from 2003, nevirapine prescription declined, paralleled by a significant rise in the use of protease inhibitors (PI), which were present in more than 60% of regimens administered in 2007-2008. Nelfinavir was progressively replaced by ritonavir-boosted PIs, mainly lopinavir. No significant changes in preterm delivery, Apgar score, birth weight, and birth defects were observed during the study period, and the rate of HIV transmission remained below 2%. These data demonstrate a significant evolution in the treatment of HIV in pregnancy. Constant improvements in the rates of HIV suppression were observed, probably driven by the adoption of stronger and more effective regimens and by the increasing options available for combination treatment

Published
2009

5. HHV-6 is Frequently Detected in Dried Cord Blood Spots from Babies Born to HIV-Positive Mothers

Author

D’Agaro P., Burgnich P., Comar M., Dal Molin G., Bernardon M., Busetti M., Alberico S., Poli A., Campello C., the SIGO Italian Group [, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, D’Agaro P., Burgnich P., Comar M., Dal Molin G., Bernardon M., Busetti M., Alberico S., Poli A., Campello C., the SIGO Italian Group [, Guerra B, ], D'Agaro, P, Burgnich, P, Comar, M, Dal Molin, G, Bernardon, M, Busetti, M, Alberico, S, Poli, A, Campello, C, Martinelli, Pasquale, D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco, Comar, Manola, DAL MOLIN, G, Campello, Cesare, and SIGO ITALIAN, Group

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, viruses, Herpesvirus 6, Human, Prevalence, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Cytomegalovirus, Roseolovirus Infections, DBS, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Specimen Handling, HHV-6, Pregnancy, Congenital infection, Virology, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Desiccation, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Dried blood, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Infant, Newborn, virus diseases, Cytomegaloviru, HIV, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Fetal Blood, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Cord blood, Cytomegalovirus Infections, DNA, Viral, Coinfection, Female, business
Abstract

Intrauterine transmission of HHV-6 is well established in immunocompetent women while few data are available on infections in babies born to HIV-positive mothers. To assess the rate of HHV-6 vertical transmission in comparison to CMV, we analyzed cord blood spots dried on cards (Dried Blood Spots, DBS) collected during a multi-center study on HIV congenital infections in Italy. DBS were tested by PCR for HHV-6 and CMV footprints. HHV-6 amplimers were sequenced and characterized. As control group, cards taken from babies born to HIV-negative mothers were analyzed. DBS of 187 babies born to HIV-positive and 372 to HIV-negative mothers were analyzed. The prevalence of HHV-6 was 3.2% in babies born to HIV-positive mothers. CMV was found in the HIV-positive group with a prevalence rate of 1.6%. In newborns of control pregnant women, HHV-6 prevalence rate was 1.1% (p=0.09), while CMV was not detected (p=0.04). Sequence analysis could distinguish between HHV-6 A and B variant in both groups and one A/B coinfection was found in a baby born to a HIV-positive mother. HIV-infected mothers transmit HHV-6 and CMV viruses to their babies more frequently than uninfected women.

Published
2008

6. Treatment with protease inhibitors and coinfection with hepatitis C virus are independent predictors of preterm delivery in HIV-infected pregnant women

Author

M. Ravizza, P. Martinelli, A. Bucceri, S. Fiore, S. Alberico, E. Tamburrini, C. Tibaldi, G. Guaraldi, G. Anzidei, A. Maccabruni, M. P. Crisalli, M. Floridia, for The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, M. Ravizza, P. Martinelli, A. Bucceri, S. Fiore, S. Alberico, E. Tamburrini, C. Tibaldi, G. Guaraldi, G. Anzidei, A. Maccabruni, M. P. Crisalli, M. Floridia, for The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [, B.Guerra, and ]

Subjects
Protease, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Hepatitis C virus, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Hiv infected, Immunology, Coinfection, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, business, Preterm delivery
Published
2007

7. Lipodystrophy is an independent predictor of hypertriglyceridemia during pregnancy in HIV-infected women

Author

Floridia, Marco, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Tamburrini, Enrica, Tibaldi, Cecilia, Bucceri, Anna, Anzidei, Gianfranco, Meloni, Alessandra, Vimercati, Antonella, Polizzi, Cosimo, Nogare, Ernesto Renato Dalle, Alberico, Salvatore, Ravizza, Marina, [Appendix: The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy, participants: . . ., GUERRA, BRUNELLA, Floridia, Marco, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Tamburrini, Enrica, Tibaldi, Cecilia, Bucceri, Anna, Anzidei, Gianfranco, Meloni, Alessandra, Vimercati, Antonella, Polizzi, Cosimo, Nogare, Ernesto Renato Dalle, Alberico, Salvatore, Ravizza, Marina, [Appendix: The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy, participants: .., Guerra B., and ]

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, lipodystrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, Immunology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy Trimesters, Triglycerides, HIV, pregnancy, Hypertriglyceridemia, Triglyceride, business.industry, Obstetrics, HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome, HIV Protease Inhibitors, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, Endocrinology, Cholesterol, chemistry, Population Surveillance, Gestation, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, Lipodystrophy, business
Abstract

Lipid values were measured during pregnancy in HIV-infected, treatment-experienced women. A previous history of lipodystrophy was associated with significantly higher triglyceride values at all pregnancy trimesters. In multivariate analyses lipodystrophy independently increased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia by threefold at the first trimester, and by eightfold at the second and third trimesters. Protease inhibitor treatment was also independently associated with hypertriglyceridemia.

Published
2006

8. Diagnosis of HIV infection in pregnancy: data from a national cohort of pregnant women with HIV in Italy

Author

Floridia M., Ravizza M., Tamburrini E., Anzidei G., Tibaldi C., Maccabruni A., Guaraldi G., Alberico S., Vimercati A., Degli Antoni A. Ferrazzi E., The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, Floridia M., Ravizza M., Tamburrini E., Anzidei G., Tibaldi C., Maccabruni A., Guaraldi G., Alberico S., Vimercati A., Degli Antoni A. Ferrazzi E., The Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy [, Guerra B., and ]

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, HIV Infections, Asymptomatic, Statistics, Nonparametric, Cohort Studies, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Pregnancy, Risk Factors, HIV, pregnancy, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Diagnostic Errors, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Sida, Chi-Square Distribution, biology, Transmission (medicine), Obstetrics, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Infectious Diseases, Logistic Models, Italy, Population Surveillance, Immunology, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Cohort study, Research Article
Abstract

We analysed the characteristics of the pregnancies with a previously undetected HIV infection in a national observational study of pregnant women with HIV in Italy. In a total of 443 pregnancies with available date of HIV diagnosis, 118 were characterized by a previously undetected HIV infection (26·6%, 95% CI 22·5–30·8). The following factors were independently associated with this occurrence in a multivariate analysis (adjusted odds ratios; 95% CIs): foreign nationality (5·1, 2·8–9·3); no pre-conception counselling (35·9, 4·8–266·1); first pregnancy (2·1, 1·2–4·0); asymptomatic status (6·8, 1·5–30·6). Women with previously undetected infection started antiretroviral treatment significantly later during pregnancy (P

Published
2006

9. DEFB-1 genetic polymorphism screening in HIV-1 positive pregnant women and their children

Author

Segat L., Milanese M., Boniotto M., Crovella S., Bernardon M., Costantini M. Alberico S., Italian Group SIGO HIV in Obstetrics, Gynecology, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, Segat L., Milanese M., Boniotto M., Crovella S., Bernardon M., Costantini M.Alberico S., Italian Group SIGO HIV in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guerra B., Segat, L, Milanese, M, Boniotto, M, Crovella, Sergio, Bernardon, M, Costantini, M, Alberico, S, and ITALIAN GROUP SIGO HIV IN OBSTETRICS AND, Gynecology

Subjects
Untranslated region, medicine.medical_specialty, beta-Defensins, Genotype, HIV Infections, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Cohort Studies, Gene Frequency, Pregnancy, Polymorphism (computer science), Humans, Medicine, Genetic Testing, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Allele, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odds ratio, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Confidence interval, Case-Control Studies, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Immunology, HIV-1, Female, business
Abstract

In our study we evaluated the frequency of three SNPs (-52 G/A, -44 C/G; -20 G/A) in the 5' UTR of DEFB-1 gene, in a cohort of 130 HIV-1 infected mothers and their children, collected by the Italian group SIGO in Obstetrics and Gynecology.The three SNPs (-52 G/A, -44 C/G; -20 G/A) in the 5' UTR of DEFB-1 gene were genotyped by direct sequencing of PCR products.The C allele at position -44 was shown to be significantly different in both HIV-1 positive mothers and their children when compared to the healthy controls. The odds ratio for -44 C allele in children born to HIV-1 infected mothers is 7.09 (confidence interval 3.38-15.3) while the odds ratio for this allele in HIV-1 infected mothers is 6.42 (confidence interval 3.14-13.4).Our results evidence a high frequency of the -44 CC allele in HIV-1 infected mothers and their children with augmented potential risk of maternal fetal transmission. This potential vertical transmission risk has been successfully prevented by antiretroviral drug treatment and cesarian section of the HIV-1 positive mothers.

Published
2006

10. Italian multicentric pilot study on MBL2 genetic polymorphisms in HIV positive pregnant women and their children

Author

Crovella S., Bernardon M., Braida L., Boniotto M., Guaschino S., Ferrazzi E., Martinelli P., Alberico S., Italian Group Sigo HIV in Obstetrics, Gynecology [, GUERRA, BRUNELLA, Crovella S., Bernardon M., Braida L., Boniotto M., Guaschino S., Ferrazzi E., Martinelli P., Alberico S., Italian Group Sigo HIV in Obstetrics and Gynecology [, Guerra B, ], Crovella, S, Bernardon, M, Braida, L, Boniotto, M, Guaschino, S, Ferrazzi, E, Martinelli, Pasquale, Alberico, S, and ITALIAN GROUP SIGO HIV IN OBSTETRICS AND, Gynecology

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, Pilot Projects, Mbl2 gene, medicine.disease_cause, Mannose-Binding Lectin, Virus, Cohort Studies, Pregnancy, Genotype, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Genetic, Obstetrics, business.industry, Risk of infection, Infant, Newborn, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, Immunity, Innate, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Italy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Immunology, HIV-1, Female, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Objective. We investigated genetic polymorphisms of MBL2 gene, in a cohort of 90 italian HIV-1 pregnant seropositive women and their children in order to understand whether the MBL2 genotype of HIV-1 positive mothers might be related to their ability to transmit the virus to their children.Materials and methods. DNA was extracted from Iso Code Stix cards, and MBL2 genoptyping was performed by Melting Temperature Assay.Results. The frequency of the MBL2 0/0 homozygotes was higher in HIV-1 positive mothers than in healthy controls, the MBL2 0/0 genotype was more frequent in children born from HIV positive mothers than healthy subjects.Conclusions. We have confirmed the association of polymorphisms involving a gene of the innate immunity with an increased risk of being infected by HIV. These polymorphisms were also evidenced in children born from HIV + mothers, but the risk of infection was strongly reduced by cesarean delivery and by antiretroviral treatment.

Published
2005

11. Diagnosis and prognosis of congenital CMV infection: a case report and review of the literature

Author

Brunella Guerra, Maria Paola Landini, Francesca Bellini, Giulia Piccirilli, Giuliana Simonazzi, Francesca Cervi, Liliana Gabrielli, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Angela Chiereghin, Lazzarotto, Tiziana, Gabrielli, Liliana, Guerra, Brunella, Cervi, Francesca, Piccirilli, Giulia, Simonazzi, Giuliana, Chiereghin, Angela, Bellini, Francesca, and Landini, Maria Paola

Subjects
Cytomegalovirus Infection, Human cytomegalovirus, Adult, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Placenta, Clinical Biochemistry, Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Asymptomatic, Serology, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Medicine (all), virus diseases, Diagnosis and prognosi, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Human cytomegaloviru, Immunology, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Pregnancy Complications, Infectiou, Amniocentesis, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Viral load, Abortion, Eugenic, Human, Ventriculomegaly
Abstract

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading non-genetic cause of sensori-neural hearing loss and neurodevelopmental sequelae. Despite these alarming facts, the general public healthcare system is often not aware of CMV and not enough is done to prevent congenital CMV infection.We describe the clinical and laboratory monitoring of a case with primary CMV infection occurring before the fi rst trimester of gestation. Specifi c literature review is included in order to point out major goals achieved in the diagnosis and prognosis of congenital CMV infection and the many questions still unanswered. Serological diagnosis of primary CMV infection was performed based on serum-CMV specifi c-IgM anti bodies, combined with low avidity anti-CMV IgG antibodies. The maternal infection was asymptomatic, as it is for most infections in immunocompetent patients. Therefore, disclosing primary infection depended on specifi c serological tests during the initial period of pregnancy (before weeks 12 – 16 of gestation). The invasive (amniocentesis) and non-invasive (ultrasonographic examination) prenatal tests, carried out at 21 weeks gestation, revealed a severe CMV infection in a fetus small for gestational age with ventriculomegaly. The presence of overt ultrasound abnormalities combined with high viral load in the amniotic fl uid sampled at the appropriate times was highly suggestive of an unfavourable prognosis. The autopsy performed on the fetus confi rmed severe disseminated CMV infection with histological brain damage.

Published
2014

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