Search

Purpose The paper aims to present the results of the first Russian pilot study on technological level of organisations upon the answers of 2,500 respondents out of nine sectors of economy to a broad specialised questionnaire. The purpose of the study is to assess the technological level of organisations on the basis of qualitative information that comprehensively reflects its most important characteristics, as well as identify factors that affect the technological level of production. Design/methodology/approach It offers a look at which methodological approaches were developed and what the survey shows on characteristics of the application of technology (the scope and extent of the application, level of technology, the problems solved by applying specific types of technology) and the application of intellectual property rights. Findings The paper also highlights some interesting findings that suggest that the majority of national organisations tend to pursue technological self-sufficiency strategies and quite a large part of them are not active in either domestic or foreign Science & Tecnology markets. Originality/value An originality lies in the proposed methodological approaches of the study, in the selected indicators of progressivity and the scale of application of technology related to the level of production capacities of the surveyed medium and large enterprises and organisations. This identifies significant incentives for organisations to increase their technology level as well as competitive advantages for the respondents themselves and for their competitors.

This pocket data book contains main S&T and innovation indicators for the Russian Federation. The publication includes the most recent statistical data on R&D input and output, as well as international comparisons. The data book includes information of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), national statistical offices of other countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, 2019 data are preliminary.

The pocket data book contains main indicators characterizing S&T, innovation and Information Society in the Russian Federation. The data book includes information of the Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Service for Intellectual Property, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Eurostat, UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation, national statistical services of foreign countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, the presented data specify those published earlier.

Thomas Gstraunthaler- Leading Research Fellow, Laboratory for Economics of Innovation, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, E-mail: tgstraunthaler@hse.ru Address: 20 Myasnitskaya str., Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation.Galina Sagieva- Head, Division for Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer Studies, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, National Research University - Higher School of Economics, E-mail: sagieva@hse.ru Address: 20 Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation.This paper attempts to summarize and systematize the landscape of the global venture capital industry. It presents major basic business models and investment strategies, assesses the contribution of venture capital (VC) to economic growth, and the incentives and constraints for VC’s development, and it identifies research gaps in this area.Venture capital is often regarded as the only source of support for start-ups, particularly for those in high-tech innovative sectors. The authors explore the reasons for this. In contrast to more traditional investors, VCs provide targeted investment, and they maintain a long-term strategic focus. Financial capital is only one benefit they provide for entrepreneurs. They provide industry knowledge and social capital, often vital for success. Also, venture capital serves as an intermediation device in finding further finance. These benefits focus the attention of public administration in venture capital and pro-investment policies to build strength and assure future competitiveness. The authors conclude that governments can only do so much to spur creative thinking and entrepreneurial activities. Their support is best placed in education, oriented toward a culture which rewards competitive and entrepreneurial thinking. Results of such policy mature slowly but they can be vital.In conclusion, the authors point to the need to introduce new and refined research strategies promoting VC. One key focus to study venture capital is to understand how the industry itself is developing through its own drive. It would help to examine comparatively a country’s initiatives, which would allow policy makers to understand where the industry is going and how best to support or participate in growth. It would also allow distinguishing among segments of the venture capital market. Finally, further analysis of the VC industry should be conducted through the prism of its internationalization.

The development of Russian science in the last decade is characterized by very contradictory trends. Their understanding deserves special attention in the justification of the measures of state science and technology policies and their implementation. It is sufficient to say that despite the significant increase in domestic expenditure on research and development, the volume of which in terms of fixed prices for the period 1995-2005 increased by 83.3%, while the employment in this sector decreased by 23.4%. and the effectiveness of scientific activity is also steadily decreasing, that is expressed by a wide range of indicators of publication and patent activity, the creation and commercialization of technologies, etc. This article presents an analysis of bibliometric indicators allowing to assess progress and quality of activities, primarily in the basic sciences, by study size, structure and dynamics of the created scientific knowledge. Note: Downloadable document is in Russian.

The term “pattern” refers to a combination of values of some features such that objects with these feature values significantly differ from other objects. This concept is a useful tool for the analysis of behavior of objects in both statics and dynamics. If the panel data describing the functioning of objects in time is available, we can analyze pattern changing behavior of the objects and identify either well adapted to the environment objects or objects with unusual and alarming behavior.In this paper we apply static and dynamic pattern analysis to the analysis of innovative development of the Russian regions in the long run and obtain a classification of regions by the similarity of the internal structure of these indicators and groups of regions carrying out similar strategies.

Patent data provide a rich set of information which can be used for comparative studies and trend analysis. The paper presents a systematic overview of the most appropriate tools methodologies that are available for determining the technological specialization of countries. Such analysis includes a discussion of databases, approaches, and indexes appropriate for this kind of analysis. This paper discusses different indicators of technological specialisation, concentration, and patent quality are analysed, including Revealed Technological Advantage (RTA) index, patent share, C20 concentration index, and Gini concentration index. the main available patent databases, especially those with open access, and summarizes arguments for the study of technological specialisation based on assignee and inventor patent data. Also the limits and potentials of the statistics on resident / nonresident patenting on internal and external markets are discussed in the paper.