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The COVID-19 pandemic causes an increase in oral health inequalities, restriction of oral health promotion programs and preventive oral health services for the community. According to the common risk approach, oral health services should be integrated into primary health care services in order to manage oral diseases that share the same risk factors with chronic systemic diseases. Multidisciplinary studies should be focused on public health practices by adopting the “One Health” concept. In order to increase the popuation based oral health outcomes, there is a need for oral health promotion programs that take into account the cooperation between sectors, working flexibility, capacity,the ethical rules of social justice, equality and human rights within the framework of the biopsychosocial approach. Information technologies and social media networks should be used to increase the literacy of the population on “COVID-19 and Oral Health”. In this period, it is also important to carry out oral health needs assessment at population level through surveillance and public health studies. Priority should be given to programs for the protection and improvement of oral health among disadvantaged groups, children and the elderly who have difficulty in accessing oral health services due to limitation of movement and social determinants of health., COVID-19 pandemisi, ağız sağlığı eşitsizliklerinin artmasına, topluma yönelik ağız diş sağlığını geliştirme programlarının ve koruyucu ağız sağlığı hizmetlerinin kısıtlanmasına neden olmaktadır. Ortak risk yaklaşımına göre kronik sistemik hastalıklar ile aynı risk faktörlerini paylaşan ağız hastalıklarının yönetilebilmesi için ağız sağlığı hizmetlerinin birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerine entegre edilmesi gerekmektedir. ‘Tek Sağlık’ konsepti benimsenerek halk sağlığı uygulamalarında multidisipliner çalışmalara ağırlık verilmelidir. Toplumun ağız sağlığı çıktılarını arttırmak için biyopsikososyal yaklaşım çerçevesinde sektörler arası işbirliği, çalışma esnekliği, kapasitesi, sosyal adalet, eşitlik ve insan hakları etik kuralları dikkate alınarak planlanan ağız sağlığını geliştirme programlarına ihtiyaç vardır. Toplumun “COVID-19 ve Ağız Sağlığı” konusunda okuryazarlığını arttırmak için enformasyon teknolojileri ve sosyal medya ağları kullanılmalıdır. Bu dönemde, sürveyans ve halk sağlığı çalışmaları vasıtasıyla toplumsal düzeyde ağız sağlığı ihtiyaç değerlendirilmesinin yapılması da önemlidir. Hareket kısıtlaması ve sağlığın sosyal belirteçleri nedeniyle ağız sağlığı hizmetlerine ulaşmada zorluk yaşayan dezavantajlı gruplar, çocuk ve yaşlılar için ağız sağlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesine yönelik programlara öncelik verilmelidir.

Dental centers have been referred to as a hub or reservoir for infection, where healthcare professionals and other staff, patients and the public together may potentially spread pathogenic microorganisms. This may occur via saliva, skin or indirectly through air, water, and contaminated surfaces or instruments. Everyone should therefore be considered as potential sources of infection. During a pandemic, limiting unnecessary care has been adopted as a clinical measure for some patient's, to reduce the risk of cross-infection in the short term. However, in order to enable continuation of necessary and qualified care, dental processes need to follow specific infection control strategies in order to prevent transmission of emerging pandemic risks following COVID-19. In this article, we develop a tool with practical recommendations to mitigate infection risks before, during and following pandemics to enable ongoing dental care provision in primary and secondary care based on national and global recommendations.

Gunumuzde meme, prostat veya akciger kanseri, hiperkalsemi, multipl myelom veya osteolitik yapidaki metastatik lezyonlarin tedavisinde antirezorptif ve antianjiyojenik ilaclar kullanilmaktadir. Bu hastaliklara ek olarak osteoporoz tedavisinde de kullanilabilmektedirler. Bu ilaclarin kullanimina bagli olarak, maksilla ve mandibulada osteonekroz olusabilmektedir. Bu derlemede; cenelerde ilac kullanimina bagli olarak gelisen osteonekrozlarin etiyolojisi, risk faktorleri, klinik seyri, radyolojik ozellikleri, guncel tedavi protokolleri ve ayrica dis hekimi yaklasimi hakkinda bilgi vermeyi amacladik.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization has first declared the new coronavirus epidemic as a “public health emergency of internationally concern” and afterwards a “pandemic”. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells through ACE2, the same host cell receptor, but has a higher binding affinity compared to SARS-CoV. Once entering the mucasal epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2 becomes abundant in the saliva and nasopharyngeal secretions of affected patients. Therefore, the spread is generally thought to be due to droplet and aerosol exposure. When direct and indirect ways of transmission of COVID-19 from human to human are evaluated, the risk of disease transmission and cross infection in dental environments is considerably high. According to the data obtained from COVID-19 case series; the disease may have early symptoms such as loss of taste, loss of smell and dry mouth before typical symptoms of fever, dry cough, and fatigue. This supports the hypothesis that the first port of entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is the upper respiratory mucosa. Dentists therefore play a vital role in the early diagnosis and preventing transmission of COVID-19. This article aims to provide a comprehensive protocol regarding infection control and patient management for dentistry practices and oral and maxillofacial surgery operations during the COVID-19 pandemic, in accordance with the guidelines of international health institutions., SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün neden olduğu COVID-19 hastalığı, dünya genelinde büyük bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline geldi. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), yeni koronavirüs salgınını önce “uluslararası endişe veren bir halk sağlığı acil durumu” ardından “pandemi” olarak ilan etti. SARS-CoV-2, hedef hücrelere girişte SARS-CoV ile aynı reseptörleri (ACE2) kullanmakla birlikte daha yüksek bağlanma afinitesine sahiptir. İnsan vücuduna girdikten sonra SARS-CoV-2, etkilenen hastaların tükürük ve nazofaringeal salgılarında bol miktarda bulunur. Bu nedenle yayılımının genellikle damlacık ve aerosol solunumu/teması ile olduğu düşünülmektedir. COVID-19’un insandan insana doğrudan veya dolaylı bulaşma yolları değerlendirildiğinde, dental ortamlardaki hastalık bulaşma ve çapraz enfeksiyon riski yüksektir. COVID-19 olgu serilerinden edinilen verilere göre; hastalığın ateş, kuru öksürük, yorgunluk gibi tipik semptomlarından önce tat ve koku kaybı gibi erken semptomları olabilmektedir. SARS-CoV-2 virüsünün ilk giriş yerinin üst solunum yolu mukozası olması, diş hekimlerinin COVID-19’un erken teşhisinde ve bulaşmasını önlemede büyük role sahip olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu makale, uluslararası sağlık otoritelerinin yönergelerine uygun olarak COVID-19 salgını döneminde diş hekimliği uygulamalarına, ağız, diş ve çene cerrahisi operasyonlarına yönelik enfeksiyon kontrolü ve hasta yönetimine dair kapsamlı bir protokol sunmaktadır.

The aim of the present study is to determine the prevelance and clinical status of mesiodens in a group of non-syndromic Turkish children, with an analysis of the associated clinical-eruptive complications.This study sample consists of 58142 pediatric patients'. Standard equipment and films were used in the suspected patients. The examination of all radiographs was performed under standard conditions by two pediatric dentists with over 10 years experience. Age, gender, number of mesiodens, morphology and clinical status were recorded in forms.A total of 83 mesiodentes were diagnosed in 59 children with ages ranging from 6-14 years. The prevelance of mesiodens was estimated as 0.1%. Males were more frequently affected than females in the ratio of 2.3:1. Of the 83 mesiodentes, 48.2% were conical, 31.3% were tuberculate and 20.5% were incisor like, 22.9% were inverted, and 68.7% were fully impacted. The number of mesiodens was one in 36 cases (61.0%), two in 22 cases (37.3%) and three in one case (1.7%). The mean age at the time of diagnosis of the mesiodens was 9.5 years. The main complication associated with the mesiodens was displacement or rotation of the permanent teeth (73.3%).This study presents 0.1% prevelance of mesiodens in a group of Turkish children sample. The majority of the mesiodentes were unilateral located in the premaxillary region, were conical shaped, and remained unerupted. The mean age at the time of diagnosis of the mesiodens in this study was 9.5 years, with this period being later than the eruption time of the maxillary central incisor.Bu çalışmanın amacı, sendromu olmayan bir grup Türk çocuğunda mezyodens sıklığını ve klinik durumunu ilgili klinik sürme komplikasyonlarıyla ilişkilendirerek incelemektir.Bu çalışma, 58142 çocuk hastanın panaromik radyografilerinin değerlendirilmesiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, standart gereç ve filmler kullanılmıştır. Tüm radyografiler, standart koşullar altında, 10 yıl üstü deneyime sahip iki pedodontist tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, mezyodens sayısı, morfoloji ve klinik durum formlara kayıt edilmiştir.Yaşları 6–14 arasında değişen 59 hastada 83 mezyodens tespit edilmiştir. Mezyodens prevelansı %0,1 olarak saptanmıştır. Kadınlar, erkeklerden 2.3:1 oranında daha fazla etkilenmiştir. Seksen üç mezyodensin; %48,2′sinin konik, %31,3′ünün tüberküllü, %20,5′inin kesici diş görünümünde, %22,9′unun enverte ve %68,7′sinin ise tamamen gömük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Otuz altı olguda bir (%61,0), 22 olguda iki (%37,3) ve bir olguda 3 (%1,7) mezyodens varlığı izlenmiştir. Mezyodens tanısının yapıldığı ortalama yaş 9,5 yıl olarak belirlenmiştir. Mezyodens ile ilişkili en önemli komplikasyonun, kalıcı dişlerin yer değiştirmesi veya rotasyonu (%73,3) olduğu saptanmıştır.Bu çalışma, bir grup Türk çocuğunda mezyodens prevelansını %0,1 olarak vermektedir. Mezyodenslerin çoğunluğunun premaxiller bölgede tek taraflı, konik şekilli ve sürmemiş olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, mezyodens tanısının konduğu yaş ortalaması 9,5 yaş olup, bu periyot üst birinci kesici dişin sürme zamanından sonradır.

Background/Aim: Our aim is to describe multidisciplinary approach to primary tuberculous lymphadenitis with a case report. Case Report: A 6-year-old boy was referred to İstanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with the symptoms of painless extra-oral abscess and lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of primary tuberculous lymphadenitis was proved by microbiological culture and ultrasound imaging. Conclusions: Combine tuberculosis treatment should be applied and long term follow up is necessary. Excisional biopsy for tissue diagnosis and bacterial examination with culture should be performed for an early diagnosis as a delay in treatment can lead to devastating consequences.

PurposeThis study is aimed at understanding the effects of maxillary first molar extractionon the expansion of maxillary sinus in children.Subjects and methods119 patients (aged 11-17 years) who had only one extracted maxillary first molarwere included in the study. The superoinferior differences of the sinus floor positionwere measured in both dentate and edentulous sites on panoramic radiographs.The expansion of the maxillary sinus after maxillary first molar extraction wasinvestigated in relation to fixed anatomic structures. The interorbital line (IL) andtwo zygomatic process lines (IZ) were used as a reference. The vertical distancesbetween the IL and the inferior border of the maxillary sinus (IS) in edentulous (ISX)and in dentate sites (IST) were measured. The data was analyzed statistically.ResultsThe amount of maxillary sinus expansion in ISX was statistically significant incomparison to IST (p

To analyze the presented evidence behind suggested reasons for long-term marginal bone loss (MBL) around 600 endosseous titanium dental implants according to the radiological findings up to 60 months.The data of 151 patients are received from the prosthodontic department of a university clinic and analyzed for the effect of implant brand, location, implant diameter and length, implant occlusal table width, cantilever, and smoking on MBL in a 6-year period.MBL is significantly higher in Zimmer SwissPlus implant system. The bone loss in posterior region was higher than anterior region for maxilla. There was no significant difference in mandible. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that MBL was significantly higher when the crown/implant (C/I) ratio was 1.5/2 (P0.05). Occlusal table width/implant diameter (OT/I) ratio was analyzed and it showed that MBL was significantly higher when the ratio was 2.5 to 2.99 and higher than 3. There were no significant associations between smoking and nonsmoking groups. Mann-Whitney U test revealed that cantilever does not affect MBL.The marginal bone loss is affected by location of the implants (higher in the maxillary posterior region). In addition, excessive C/I and OT/I ratios increase marginal bone loss.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a Turkish population according to the gender and age. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 2025 patients (885 males and 1140 females) ranging in age from 9 to 35 (mean age 25.61±10.04) years attending Department of Oral Radiology, University of Istanbul, Faculty of Dentistry. These patients were examined to determine the presence of developmental dental anomalies involving hypodontia, hyperdontia, microdontia, taurodontism and other root anomalies. The incidence of these anomalies were assessed according to the gender and age. Results: Among the 2025 subjects, a total of 96 individuals (42 males and 54 females) showed at least one of the selected dental anomalies (4.74%). Tooth agenesis was the most common dental abnormality (1.77%) followed by taurodontism (1.18%), hyperdontia (0.79%), microdontia (0.54%) and root anomalies (0.44%), respectively. Conclusion: Tooth agenesis is the most common developmental dental anomaly in the studied Turkish population followed by taurodontism.

Giant cell granuloma is rare in the head and neck region and most commonly affects the maxilla and mandible. Giant cell granulomas are benign but occasionally aggressive lesions that are traditionally treated with surgery. Because it is a benign process, less radical and non-surgical treatment alternatives are required. Corticosteroid injection is a viable alternative in the treatment of central giant cell granuloma to avoid surgery. We aim to present a case which was successfully treated with intralesional corticosteroid injection in the maxilla.

Tulek, Zeliha/0000-0001-8186-6698; Yeni, S. Naz/0000-0001-7372-5430 WOS: 000462574900004 Objectives: The aim of this study was to define knowledge and attitudes toward epilepsy among students of health occupations in a university. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with a total of 544 university students from different health professions (medicine, nursing, dentistry, physiotherapy, and midwifery). To select the sample of the study, stratified sampling method was used. In this study, Epilepsy Attitude Scale and Epilepsy Knowledge Assessment Form were used. Results: Among the 544 participants, 59.6% were female and the mean age was 21.7 years. While the majority of the sample recognized a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, they did not know about other seizure types. The mean score of the Attitude Scale was 60.2 +/- 6.4 (range: 30-70). The attitudes were not different between males and females (p=0.732). The students who had a family member with epilepsy (p=0.004) or witnessed a seizure (p=0.05) and attended upper classes had a more positive attitude (p=0.004). Conclusion: Although the sample of this study which consisted of students from health occupations had moderate to good attitude toward epilepsy; they still have a lack of knowledge in particular areas. Each faculty needs to re-arrange their curriculum to fill this knowledge gap.

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) in a group of patients using mandibular complete dentures, implant-retained overdentures, removable partial dentures (RPDs), or implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Materials and Methods A total of 116 patients (aged 36 to 81, mean age 58 ± 10.03 years) were assigned to four groups (n = 29) and treated with mandibular implant-retained overdentures, implant-supported FPDs (two implants/three unit FPDs), conventional complete dentures, or RPDs. The groups were well matched in terms of gender, age, and the edentulous period. All patients had edentulous maxillary arches and completely or partially edentulous mandibles. All prostheses were mandibular prostheses. The OHIP-14, OHQoL-UK, and SF-36 surveys were used to determine QoL before implant surgery and 1 year after prosthetic treatment. Results The baseline and 1-year data from 116 patients were analyzed. A significant improvement was found among the QoL scales for all groups (p 0.05). The only significant difference was found for mental health (p = 0.011). Conclusion A positive influence on oral health-related QoL was observed in all groups. The QoL values were the most improved in the implant-retained overdenture group.

Summary Background In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of oral mucosal lesions and systemic disease in patients with or without dementia. Methods The patient group comprised patients from the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Darulaceze Retirement Home and the control group consisted of patients who attended university clinics. The examination took place in a quiet room within the nursing home in the company of a member of the care staff well-known to the patient, and the control group was collected from participants who wanted to be included in the study. The study group consisted of 250 patients with dementia (110 male, 140 female) with a mean age of 74.1 ± 10.9 years and 200 control patients (90 male, 110 female) with mean age of 70.5 ± 10.2 years. We examined patients using a mouth mirror. Medical information was collected from patients and nurses. Results In this study, 164 patients with dementia (64.8%) and 109 control patients (54.5 %) had one or more oral mucosal lesions ( p = 0.016). Eighty-eight patients with dementia (35.2%) and sixty control patients (30%) were edentulous ( p > 0.05), and 28 in the patient group (31.8 %) and 43 in the control group (71.6 %) were able to use prostheses ( p Conclusion Oral mucosal lesions are more common in patients with dementia and dental care should be performed regularly for this group. In addition, because removable prostheses can be lost by patients with dementia, implant-supported fixed prostheses should be preferred for this group.

Objective: To describe the clinical and radiological features of children with inverted supernumerary teeth. Study Design: Thirty eight patients with inverted supernumerary teeth (ST) were enrolled in this descriptive and restrospective study. Data from patient records including age, gender, status of dentition, number of ST, number of ST in inverted position, coexistence of ST in inverted and normal direction of eruption, location, orientation, morphology, clinical complications, management and radiography were assessed during 3-years period. Results: Thirty eight patients with a mean age of 9.10±1.97 years (range:6-13) and a strong male preponderance of 3.7:1 (male:30, female:8) had a total of 69 ST, of which 41 were in inverted position. Thirty five patients had one (92.1%) inverted tooth, whereas 3 patients had two inverted teeth per case (7.9%). All cases were located in the maxilla. Midline was the most frequent site for the single inverted supernumerary tooth in 18 (47.4%) patients, followed equally by the right and left premaxillary region in 10 patients each (26.3%). Regarding morphology, 30 patients had conical (78.9%) and 8 (21.1%) had incisiform ST. No tuberculate shaped ST was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between number of inverted teeth and delayed tooth eruption, diastema, local malocclusion, palatinal swelling (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between complications and age (p>0.05). Surgical removal at the time of diagnosis with subsequent follow-up during completion of permanent dentition was the treatment approach in all cases. Conclusions: Thorough clinical examination followed by a comprehensive radiographic screening is the crucial determinant of an accurate diagnosis of an impacted ST. Early diagnosis and timely management are key factors to prevent or minimize the complications, which may influence function and esthetics of the teeth and even psychological condition of the growing child. Key words:Supernumerary tooth, impaction, inverted.

Objective To assess the hemostatic efficacy of a new local hemostatic agent, Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS), for the control of bleeding following tooth extraction in hemophiliacs. Materials and methods Simple tooth extractions were performed in 27 hemophilia A patients. In the treatment group (n=17) local hemostasis was achieved via application of ABS to the extraction sockets, whereas in the control group (n=10) local hemostasis was achieved via direct packing with gauze. Results In all, 57 (21 primary and 36 permanent) teeth extractions were performed in 27 hemophilia A patients. There were no significant differences in age or factor VIII level distribution between the 2 groups (p>0.05). The most significant clinical difference between the groups was associated with the use of ABS; those in the treatment group had significantly shorter duration of bleeding (p=0.002). Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate the efficacy of ABS for the control of bleeding following tooth extraction in hemophiliacs. ABS can be considered an alternative local hemostatic agent for reducing clotting factor concentrates in hemophilia patients. Conflict of interest None declared.

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. The biggest challenge in the management of vWD is the difficulty in performing surgical procedures because of bleeding. Treatment guidelines recommend the use of pure von Willebrand factor or von Willebrand factor/factor VIII (vWF/FVIII) concentrate in patients with type 2 or type 3 vWD undergoing surgery, in patients with type 1 vWD undergoing surgery who are unresponsive, and in patients for whom desmopressin acetate is contraindicated. However, there is no consensus on the dosage and optimum levels of these factors to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perioperative management of patients with vWD during surgical procedures. Data pertaining to surgical procedures performed at our center from 2003 to 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. All operations, except one appendectomy, were elective, and a plan for the management of hemostasis was prepared for each patient. During this period, 37 surgical procedures (major, minor, and dental) were performed in 23 patients with vWD. Complications occurred in four out of 37 procedures (10.8%). No deaths or life-threatening bleeding occurred during any of the operations and no thromboembolic events were observed. The results from this retrospective study indicate that surgery can be safely performed by providing adequate and timely hemostasis during and after the procedure in patients with vWD. Perioperative and postoperative bleeding complications are rare when patients are closely and carefully monitored.

Aktinomikoz cenelerde nadir gorulen kronik, ilerleyici bir enfeksiyon hastaligidir. Enfeksiyon etkeni anaerobik bir bakteri olan Actinomyces israeliidir. Bu makalede maksillofasiyal enfeksiyonlar icinde hem seyrek gorulmesi hem de tedaviye direncli olmasi acisindan onemli oldugunu dusundugumuz aktinomikoz olgusunu sunmayi amacladik. Klinigimize, sol alt cenede gomulu 20 yas dis cekimini takiben iyilesmeyen agrili ekstraoral abse sebebiyle basvuran hastaya; klinik, radyografik ve mikrobiyolojik degerlendirilmeler sonucunda aktinomikoz tanisi konmustur. Aktinomikoz tedavisinde cerrahi ve uzun sureli antibiyotik terapisi uygulanmaktadir. Hastada abse direnaji, i.m. ve oral penisilin tedavisi uygulanmistir. 6 ay sonraki kontrollerde klinik ve radyografik olarak basariyla iyilesme gozlenmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Aktinomikoz; Maksillofasiyal enfeksiyon; Ekstraoral abse ACTINOMYCOSIS: A CASE REPORT ABSTRACT Aktinomycosis is chronic, progressive, relatively uncommon infection of the jaws. This infection is usually caused by Actinomyces israelii which is an anaerobic bacteria. The aim of this article is to show actinomycosis that is one of the rare maxillofacial infection which is resistant to medical therapy. The patient was refered to our department with post operative pain and extraoral abscess, which was not healing, in the left submandibular region after extraction of the impacted wisdom tooth. The final diagnosis was established as actinomycosis consequence of clinical, radiographic and microbiological assessment. Actinomycosis is treated with surgical operation and long-term antibiotic therapy. Patient was treated with abscess drainage, i.m and oral penicilline therapy. After 6 months succesful healing was completely observed in radiographically and clinically. Key Words: Actinonmycosis; Maxillofacial infection; Extraoral abscess

Ozet Amac: Bu calismanin amaci kan, tukuruk ve bir curuk tespit boyasi ile kontamine edilen dentin yuzeylerin bir self-etch adezivin mikro-gerilim baglanma dayanimina etkilerinin degerlendirilmesidir. Gerec ve Yontem: Calismada son alti ay icinde cekilmis, on alti adet curuksuz daimi molar dis kullanildi. Dislerin okluzal kesitlerinden duzgun dentin yuzeyleri elde edildi. Homojen bir dentin yuzeyi elde etmek amaciyla, dentin yuzeyleri 600 gritlik su zimparasi ile zimparalandi. Bu yuzeyler kan, tukuruk ve curuk tespit boyasi ile kontamine edildi. Disler dort gruba ayrildi. (I: Kontrol, II: Kan, III: Tukuruk, IV: Curuk tespit boyasi). Deney gruplarinin dentin yuzeylerine kan, tukuruk ve curuk tespit boyasi uygulandi, sonra durulandi ve kurutuldu. Dislere self-etch adeziv sistem (Clearfil SE Bond) uygulamasinin ardindan disler kompozit rezinle 2 mm kalinliginda restore edildi. Ornekler 24 saat boyunca 37 o C distile suda bekletildi. Her bir disten dusuk hizda calisan elmas separe yardimi ile 1.00 ± 0.003 mm kalinliginda bes adet mikro gerilim ornegi elde edildi. Ornekler mikro gerilim test cihazina her iki uclarindan siyanoakrilat adezivle yapistirildi ve 1 mm/dk yukleme hizi altinda koparildi. Verilerin istatistigi tek yonlu varyans analizi ile yapildi. Bulgular: Gruplarin baglanma degerleri (ortalama ± SS (MPa)); I: 21.31±2.15, II: 5.58±1.14, III: 8.33±1.12, IV: 17.94±1.37 seklinde bulunmustur. Sonuclar: Dentin yuzeylerinin tukuruk ve kan ile kontamine edilmesi self-etch adeziv sistemlerin baglanma dayanimini olumsuz yonde etkilemektedir. En yuksek baglanma dayanimi kontrol grubunda gorulurken en dusuk baglanma dayanimi kan kontaminasyonu olan grupta gozlenmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Adeziv, Kontaminasyon, Curuk Tespit Boyasi, Kan, Tukuruk Bond Strenght of an Adhesive System to Dentin Contaminated with a Caries Detector Dye, Blood and Saliva Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strenght (µTBS) of a self-etch adhesive system to dentin surface contaminated with blood, saliva and caries detector dye. Materials and Methods: Sixteen extracted human carious-free permanent molar teeth were used to obtain flat occlusal dentin surfaces. The dentin surfaces were grinded with 600 grid sandpaper underwater irrigation. Teeth were divided into four groups (I: Control, II: Blood, III: Saliva and IV: Caries Detector) Blood, saliva and caries detector dye were applicated on the dentin surfaces, then were rinsed and dried. Teeth were restored with self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond) 2mm thick composite resin. Then specimens were stored 37 o C distilled water during 24 hours. Five microtensile specimens from each tooth measuring 1.00±0.003 mm were prepared with a slow speed diamond saw sectioning machine with a diamond-rim blade. (n=20). These specimens were attached to opposing arms of the microtensile testing device with cyanoacrylate adhesive and fractured under tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis was made with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).(α=0.05) Results: µTBS values of groups were (mean ± SD in MPa); I: 21.21± 2.15, II: 5.58±1.14, III: 8.33±1.12, IV: 17.94±1.37. There was significant differences between µTBS of groups. (p

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of two local haemostatic agents administered together with preoperative dose of replacement therapy for oral surgical procedures in patients with bleeding disorders METHODS: Twenty-one patients were divided into three groups randomly. Patients in Group 1 (n=7) received preoperative replacement therapy with postoperative fibrin sealant application in the surgical site. Patients in Group 2 (n=7) received preoperative replacement therapy with postoperative tissue adhesive application in the surgical site. Patients in Group 3 (n=7) were given total dose of replacement therapy pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS: No postoperative bleeding was observed in 17 patients including five patients in Group 1 (71.42%), six patients in Group 2 (85.71%) and six patients in Group 3 (85.71%). Haemorrhagic complication was observed in only four patients among all groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that utilization of fibrin sealants and tissue adhesives in oral surgery is beneficial due to the lessened amount of factor concentrates used for replacement therapy and the rapid haemostasis at the operation side to perform serial surgical procedures in the same session.

Neuroblastoma (NBL), a malignant embryonic tumor derived from neural crest cells, is the most common tumor worldwide among children less than 1 year of age. Metastasis to the mandible is uncommon. This article reports the case of a 15-month-old male diagnosed with NBL with bone metastasis including the mandible which resulted in severe tooth mobility. Dentists or pediatricians should consider the primary or metastatic tumors of the maxillofacial region in the differential diagnosis in children presenting with premature loss of teeth related to tooth mobility.

Summary. The clinical diagnosis of dental diseases may indicate their cause and prognosis, however it gives little information about resulting levels of impairment from the patients’ perspective. In this study, we aimed to investigate oral and general health-related quality of life (OHRQoL-HRQoL) in patients with haemophilia; and to test whether haemophiliacs would have worse or better OHRQoL compared with the general population. Data were collected from haemophiliacs (age range 14–35; mean 23 ± 6.58, n = 71) and age/sex-matched controls (age range 14–35; mean 21.00 ± 6.45, n = 60) through face-to-face interviews including nine questions and using oral health impact profile (OHIP)-14, oral health-related quality of life-UK (OHQoL-UK), short-form general measure of health (SF)-36 to measure self-rating oral health status, perceived dental treatment needs, tooth brushing frequencies, OHRQoL-HRQoL. In the field of self-rating oral health status, perceived dental treatment needs, tooth brushing frequencies and OHIP, OHQoL-UK, SF-36 scores – except the subscales including vitality, role emotional and mental health – the control group is in better conditions compared with the haemophilia group. At the same time, both the two groups are in good conditions in dental attendance, vitality, role emotional and mental health. Life quality is related with the perceived discrepancy between the reality of what a person has and the concept of what that person wants, needs or expects. In order to eliminate the dilemma in the field of health, we should facilitate the haemophiliacs’ lives by serving the health care in a multidisciplinary view.

Bifosfonatlar sentetik pirofosfatlarin analoglaridir. Gunumuzde bifosfonatlar meme, prostat, akciger kanserinde hiperkalsemilerin tedavisinde ve multipl miyelomada metastatik osteolitik lezyonlarin tedavisinde kullanilmaktadir. Ayrica osteoporozis tedavisinde de kullanilmaktadir. Bifosfonatlarin en onemli yan etkisi maksilla ve mandibulada osteonekroza sebep olmasidir. Bu derlemedeki amacimiz; cenelerdeki bifosfonat osteonekrozunun etyolojisini, klinik ve radyolojik ozelliklerini, risk faktorlerini, dental yonetimini ve ayrica guncel tedavi yaklasimlarini analiz etmektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bifosfonat osteonekrozu, ceneler, dental tedavi yaklasimlari DENTAL MANAGEMENT IN BISPHOSPHONATE-RELATED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAWS AND CURRENT TREATMENT APPROACHS ABSTRACT Bisphosphonates are synthetic analogues of pyrophosphates. Bisphosphonates are used in the treatment of hypercalcemia associated with breast, prostate or lung cancer and the metastatic osteolytic lesions of multiple myeloma. These are also used in treatment of osteoporosis. One of the most significant side effects of bisphosphonates is the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the maxilla and the mandible. The aim of the present review was to analyze the etiology, clinical and radiologic features, risk factors, dental management and also current treatment approachs in bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws. Key words: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis, jaws, dental treatment approachs

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the influence of fluconazole capsules and/or hexetidine mouthrinses for the management of oral candidiasis associated with denture stomatitis. Design relevant: Sixty-one patients (ages 43–76 years, mean: 61) admitted to the Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine and diagnosed as suffering from oral candidiasis associated with denture stomatitis by microbiological examination were involved. Materials and methods: Patients in group 1 (n = 21) were given only fluconazole capsules (Zolax 50 mg once a day), those in group 2 (n = 18) were given only hexetidine mouthrinses (Heksoral 0.1%, twice daily), whereas those in group 3 (n = 22) were given both fluconazole capsules and hexetidine mouthrinses for 14 days. The yeast colonies of the saliva samples were counted and calculated as the number of colony forming units per milliliter. The presence of yeasts in the lesion and denture samples were evaluated as present/absent according to their growth on cultures. Candida albicans was identified by means of germ tube analysis. Results: Patients in groups 1, 2 and 3 had a statistically significant decrease in the amount of C. albicans in saliva, lesions and dentures after treatment, when compared with pretreatment results (P

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine any association between anxiety and salivary cortisol levels in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients by the case–control method. Design relevant: Forty patients with OLP were evaluated. The OLP diagnosis was established through a composite of accepted clinical and histopathological characteristics. Forty patients from the register of patients who obtained general dental care were selected as controls. Material and method: The saliva samples collected between 9:00 and 9:15am were analysed for the level of cortisol with Cortisol EIA that used competetive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Trait and state anxiety levels of 80 patients were measured using the Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: The mean level of cortisol from 40 saliva samples in study group was 1.46 and 0.93μg dl−1 in 40 controls (P=0.001). The mean level for state anxiety in the study group were 48.85 and 39.45 in control group (P=0.001). Trait anxiety levels in study group were 49.77 and 38.51 in control group (P=0.001). We found that salivary cortisol, state and trait anxiety levels in OLP group were significantly higher than in the control group. Conclusion: Because of the fact that the level of anxiety and salivary cortisol of OLP patients were high, our findings concluded that this disease is closely related with stress. Thus besides traditional treatment of OLP patients, our findings suggest that psychological support is also needed.

Garre’s osteomyelitis (GO) is a type of osteomyelitis adolescents. GO is most commonly reported in body of mandible; apart from the mandible the most common bone to be involved in GO is femur. Although the disease is well described in dental literature and is usually associated with an odontogenic infection originates form caries, a number of other causative factors have been occasionally reported, such as previous dental extraction in the lesion area, mild periodontitis or dental eruption. GO is characterized with peripheral subperiosteal bone deposition caused by mild irritation or infection. Management involves removal of the source of infection and antibiotic treatment. This case report presents an unusual case of Garre’s osteomyelitis affecting the mandible of a 12-year-old female. Key

Titanium has long been regarded as an inert and biocompatible metal, ideal for biomedical applications such as dental implants or joint replacements. However, concerns about the biocompatibility of Ti have lately arisen. In spite of recent innovative metallurgical and technological advances and remarkable progress in the design and development of surgical and dental materials, failures do occur. One of the reasons for these failures can be corrosion of dental implants. When the mechanisms that ensure implant bioacceptance and structural stabilization are fully understood, implant failures will become a rare occurrence, provided that they are used properly and placed in sites for which they are indicated. The article is presented keeping in view of carrying out different studies for titanium dental implant and alloys and aims to evaluate galvanic corrosion around developed titanium dental implants

Purpose: Terbinafine is an antifungal agent that belongs to the allylamine class. It was introduced in 1991 and has become widely used, both topically and systemically. Taste disturbance is a rare side-effect occurring in 0,62.8% of patients taking the oral form of the drug. We report a rare case of taste disturbance following oral Terbinafine treatment. Material and Methods: A 43-year-old man presented with history of taste disturbance following oral terbinafine. He was taking no other drugs began treatment with oral Terbinafine 250 mg daily for onychomycosis in June 2012. One month later he develops a metallic taste in his mouth. This was shortly followed by complete loss of taste. Results: : His taste returned to normal six weeks after stopping the drug. Conclusion: Taste disturbance is a rare side-effect taking the oral form of Terbinafine. Terbinafine remains an effective treatment for the dermatophyte infections however patients should be warned about this uncommon adverse effect

Objective To investigate the occurrence of MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphisms in the Turkish renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporine (CsA), and correlate these findings with prevalence and degree of gingival hyperplasia (GH). Methods Before to renal transplantation, dental treatment and oral hygiene education of 300 renal disease patients was completed. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 154 renal transplant recipients on CsA treatment without calcium channel blockers. MDR1 C3435T gene polymorphism and GH were analyzed at posttransplant month 6. Results No difference was detected among groups for age, posttransplant period, creatine levels, serum concentration of CsA, or plaque and bleeding indices ( P > .05). Out of all transplanted patients, 42.8% were found to have the heterozygote genotype. This was reduced to 37.5% when individuals with GH were taken into account. However, when degree of GH was analyzed, those with severe GH were found to have the heterozygote genotype significantly more often ( P Conclusions The MDR1 gene polymorphism is not associated with GH frequency, but may be associated with GH severity.

Esma Kürklü-Gürleyen,1 Merve Öğüt-Erişen,1 Onur Çakır,1 Ömer Uysal,2 Gülsüm Ak1 1Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 2Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, BezmiÂlem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey Purpose: To assess 1) patient satisfaction of a mucoadhesive biopatch with citrus essential oil and 2) the change in pain severity and the oral health-related quality of life in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Patients and methods: Thirty-seven patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis participated in the study. Baseline records of personal data, ulcer assessment, visual analog scale, and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 were documented. A mucoadhesive patch was applied over the ulcer. Patients were recommended more applications if pain continued. On the fifth day, a post-therapy assessment was made. Results: The mean visual analog scale scores at baseline and posttreatment were significantly different (7.3±2.11 and 4.9±2.6, respectively; P=0.001). The mean duration of pain reduced after patch application. The mean total Oral Health Impact Profile-14 scores before and after treatment showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.001). In total, 78.4% of patients reported a considerable improvement in oral functions after treatment (P=0.008). Conclusion: The mucoadhesive biopatch containing citrus essential oil resulted in satisfying pain alleviation and restoration of oral functions with a significant improvement in the oral health-related quality of life. Keywords: recurrent aphthous stomatitis, pain, quality of life, essential oil, biopatch, local therapy&nbsp

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant, soft tissue neoplasm consisting of cells derived from the primitive mesenchyme that exhibit a profound tendency to undergo myogenesis. Multimodality therapy for tumors in the head and neck regions has a significant effect on maxillofacial skeletal growth, dental development, and the whole ecologic system of the oral cavity. Here we aimed to discuss the influence of head-neck cancer therapy in pediatric patients with long-term follow-up and present a case with implant-assisted dental rehabilitation and also functional and aesthetic outcomes.

This study aims to identify, compare and analyse the knowledge and opinions of dentists regarding oral mucosal lesions and evaluate the differences between the attitudes of dentists by practice settings. 300 dentists were enrolled in the study. Three groups were formed. The first group included general dental practitioners working in private dental offices; the second group were dentists practising in dental polyclinics; the third group was composed of dentists employed at universities in Istanbul, working in departments except for the department of oral surgery and medicine. A 17-item self constructed questionnaire investigating demographic attributes, dental practice characteristics, oral mucosal lesions (OML) knowledge and respondents' opinions was completed and all questions were asked by the same author. 85% of the dentists admitted difficulties in diagnosing OML. 62% failed to update their knowledge from the literature, 93% did not undertake biopsies or consult other practitioners. Dentists practising at universities attempted to treat fewer patients with OML (p=0.0001). The results of this questionnaire conclude that most dentists experience difficulties in diagnosing some OML.

techniques. PCR using HPV type-specific primers was done in HPV positive samples. Results: Twenty of the samples (16.9%) were positive in HPV consensus primer detection. Eighteen (23.1%) of the 78 denture wearing patients were positive and two (5.0%) of the 40 non-denture wearing patients were positive. The difference was statistically significant (p1⁄40.01) by fisher test. The most frequent type of HPV of the 14 positive samples was HPV-16. Conclusions: The results suggest that the hyperplastic epithelium of denture epulis may be a reservoir for HPV infection.

Mandibulo-acral dysplasia (MAD) is a rare condition characterized by mandibular hypoplasia, acroosteolysis, delayed cranial suture closure, hypoplastic clavicles, stiff joints, dental crowding, atrophy of the skin of the hands and feet, progeroid facial appearance, alopecia and short stature. This report presents a patient with MAD, suffering from difficulty in mastication and speech, together with limited lip closure and aesthetic problems related to the clinical outcomes of the syndrome. The aim of reporting this case is to detail the first widely determined dental and maxillofacial abnormalities of a rare syndrome, mandibulo-acral dysplasia, and to contribute to the data regarding the etiology of consanguinity.