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In the present article, we propose the concept of the HR function's relational activities and examine its influence on the firm's human capital resources (HCRs) and performance. Integrating insights from various streams of research in strategic human resource management (HRM) and strategic human capital, we develop a relational perspective of the HR function and propose the relational activities as the HR function's advisory and informative activities toward its internal stakeholders (i.e., line managers, employees, and senior managers) to help the stakeholders meet their goals and needs. In our framework, we theorize how the HR function's relational activities lead to superior firm performance by enhancing the firm's HCRs and identify the firm's strategic HR systems and human capital losses as factors that complement and necessitate the HR function's relational activities, respectively. Using a five‐wave, nationally representative panel dataset covering 1415 firm observations, we find robust support for our hypotheses: the HR function's relational activities were positively related to HCRs, which was more pronounced when coupled with high levels of strategic HR systems and human capital losses. The HCRs, in turn, transmitted the effects of the relational activities on the firm's subsequent operational and financial performance. Overall, these findings develop strategic HRM theory by contributing a more comprehensive conceptualization of the HR function's role in the strategic HRM process and by revealing its effects on firm performance along with key moderators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper studies the association between earnings opacity and corporate social responsibility disclosures of firms listed on the Vietnamese Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach – We utilize a dataset comprising a sample of all listed Vietnamese firms for the period of 2014–2022. Data regarding corporate social responsibility information are gathered manually. Following Dechow et al. (1995), Kothari et al. (2005) and Bhattacharya et al. (2003), earnings opacity is measured by using three proxies, including abnormal accruals, earnings smoothing and loss avoidance. Our hypothesis was tested via ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions. To address endogeneity problems, we use the two-stage instrumental variable method (IV-2SLS) as well as the generalized method of moments (GMM) to ensure the robustness of our results. Findings – We find that earnings opacity is positively related to corporate social responsibility disclosures. Cross-sectional analyses indicate that managers of firms disguise their opportunistic behaviour by disclosing more information about corporate social responsibility. The evidence also shows that firms experience long-run underperformance when having higher earnings opacity and greater sustainability disclosures. Our results remain robust even after correcting for endogeneity using the IV approach and the GMM method. Practical implications – Evidence from this study can serve as a warning signal to the investment community, highlighting that some methods aimed at enhancing a firm’s corporate social responsibility disclosures might be used to obstruct other unethical activities. Moreover, the results of this study can help regulators gain a better comprehension of firms' reporting patterns concerning corporate social responsibility initiatives. It should not only reform the corporate social responsibility regulation but also impose stronger litigation for firms to enhance the quality of corporate social responsibility disclosures. Originality/value – We are the first to present evidence regarding the relationship between earnings opacity and corporate social responsibility disclosure in Vietnam.

We investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on firm performance using the quarterly financial data of firms from 89 countries and show that the pandemic has a detrimental impact on firm performance. The firms that held more long-term debt and account receivables on their balance sheet before the pandemic were relatively more affected amid the pandemic. The cash buffers can make firms more resilient to the COVID-19 crisis. The quality of a country's governance plays a vital role in mitigating the adverse impact of the pandemic on firm performance.

We develop and test a multi‐stakeholder perspective of intrafamily CEO succession by exploring how family CEO successors affect post‐succession firm performance under conditions of sustainable human resource management (sustainable HRM) practices toward employees and top managers, as well as corporate philanthropic activities in the broader community. Using a sample of 414 CEO successions in family firms listed on China's stock exchanges during 2008–2016, we find an insurance‐like effect of both sustainable HRM and corporate philanthropy in enhancing firm performance of family CEO successors. Our results also show that firms with family CEO successors will outperform those with nonfamily counterparts under conditions of high employee compensation, low top management team (TMT) compensation, and long TMT tenure. Our findings suggest that sustainable HRM and corporate philanthropy complement rather than substitute in strengthening family leadership during CEO succession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explored the affinity between corporate governance (CG) norms and bank financial performance using data compiled from the annual reports of Dhaka Stock Exchange-listed commercial banks in Bangladesh covering a period from 2016 to 2022. Both descriptive and inferential statistics capture the effects of CG norms on the financial performance of banks. The fixed effects model (FEM) results revealed that board independence, educational qualifications of CEOs, and long-serving CEOs are positively linked with the financial performance (measured as ROA) of banks in Bangladesh but are not statistically significant. The board meeting frequency is inversely and significantly related to ROA. Banks should ensure the enactment of sound CG norms to enhance banks' financial performance and protect the shelter less tiny shareholders. The regulatory authorities must ensure compliance with CG norms and enforce penalties for non-compliance to support the banking industry's growth. The study aspires to strengthen CG norms, which go beyond the rights and duties of various stakeholders in the management of a firm. The affinity between fund providers and the bank and its compliance with legal, ethical, and environmental needs, among other things, significantly contributed to expanding our knowledge base, both in theory and in reality.

Abstract Our study delved into an analysis of 128 public companies in Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria to explore the influence of diversified board expertise on firm performance. We also investigated the impact of firm size and age on this relationship. Our results indicate that a varied blend of professional experts on corporate boards significantly boosts a company's ROA, although there is no significant effect when Tobin's Q measures firm performance. Nevertheless, we discovered that combining firm size and age negatively impacts the correlation between board expertise diversity and firm performance. Our findings support the significance of integrating agency, resource dependence, and convergence theories, implying that businesses can improve their financial performance by including an appropriate mix of expertise on their boards, especially for relatively younger small-sized firms. In contrast, more prominent and ageing firms may not see the same financial benefits. Consequently, we recommend that corporate executives and practitioners consider implementing board expertise diversity to enhance their firms' financial performance.

Abstract This research is important for both the academic and business environments due to the extraordinary results obtained. Additionally, the significance of the study is also attributed to the addressed topic, which is intensively studied in the world of corporate finance. The primary aim of this research is to scrutinize a cohort of 66 information and technology (IT) companies, all of which are constituents of the American Standard and Poor’s 500 Index (S&P 500). The study period spans two decades, covering the years 2003–2022. To summarize the outcomes, the analytical framework incorporated linear models with both fixed (fe) and random effects (re), as well as quantile regression models. This study's key outcomes highlight that firm size, sales growth, current ratio, long-term debt to capital, free cash flow, asset turnover and receivable turnover, board meeting frequency, female board representation, chief executive officer age, audit committee independence, and the presence of compensation and nomination committees, alongside a pandemic indicator, positively impact firm performance. Conversely, firm age, dividend payout ratio, effective tax rate, board size, chief executive officer duality, and corporate social responsibility committee presence have negative effects on performance. Also, regarding quantile regressions, CEO duality significantly influences companies with high profitability rates, and companies with low to medium profitability rates are more strongly and negatively influenced by board size. The implications of the core policy in this research focusing on corporate governance will consider certain rules and guidelines regarding financial transparency and protecting shareholders' interests. Additionally, it will take into account the independence of the board of directors and the presence of its committees, as well as ethical leadership practices.

Research Question: Can firm performance moderate the relationship between tax avoidance and firm risk in the French context? Motivation: Previous studies have investigated the impact of tax avoidance on corporate risk, yet consensus remains elusive. These discrepancies suggest that findings may be influenced by specific company characteristics, such as performance. Guedrib and Bougacha (2024) discovered a negative relationship between tax avoidance and corporate risk using annual tax avoidance as a measure. Our study adopts the approach of Dyreng et al. (2008) by examining a long-term measure to mitigate distortions arising from tax accrual effects and short-term fluctuations. Idea: This study seeks to evaluate the impact of tax avoidance on firm risk and investigate how firm performance might moderate this dynamic. Data: Our research examines 301 observations of French companies listed on the CAC 40 index. We analyze data from 2010 to 2022, collected from 2008, using DATASTREAM database. Tools: This research employs the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) method. Firm performance is evaluated using both metrics, while tax avoidance is estimated using the long-run cash effective tax rate. Findings: The research indicates that firm performance plays a moderating role in how tax avoidance affects firm risk. Accounting performance coupled with tax avoidance typically decreases firm risk, whereas market performance combined with tax avoidance tends to increase it. Further analysis reaffirms these findings, particularly among firms exhibiting high tax risk. Contribution: This study underscores the importance for investors to consider both firm performance and tax avoidance as interconnected indicators to enhance decision-making processes.

This paper investigates the impact of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) scores as well as individual pillar scores on the firm performance in the Indian context. Even though a lot of research has been conducted world-wide concerning this issue, a conclusive result has not yet been derived. Being an emerging economy, India is at a nascent stage of research related to ESG issues, and past research indicates a mixed result. In order to avoid the potential endogeneity issue, this paper used a dynamic panel approach of system GMM. This paper considered data from 59 non-financial companies listed under the NSE 500 index. Data was collected from the Thomson Reuters Refinitiv Eikon database over a period of 11, spanning from 2010 to 2021. The finding suggested a significantly negative impact of ESG score on firm performance measured by Tobin's Q and ROA, which indicates a non-linear Ushaped relationship. Net profit margin and closing price are used as alternative, dependent variables to check the robustness of the models and show consistent results. The environmental pillar score and social pillar score showed a negative impact on firm performance, whereas the governance pillar score showed a positive impact on market performance but negatively impacted financial performance. The key takeaway from this paper is that, if firms continue to improve ESG disclosure, it will positively impact firm performance in the future.

The term intangible assets embraces a wide array of assets, resources and capabilities that contribute to the productive potential of firms, but which do not have physical substance. Most empirical studies simply use an aggregate measure of intangibles derived from data collated from firms’ financial statements (we refer here to recognized or written intangibles). But such a measure includes only some of the valuable intangibles that firms possess, and typically does not capture the value of many intangibles (e.g. managerial and organizational capabilities, market knowledge, trusted relationships) that are internally generated by the company. Yet it is likely that such unrecognized or non-written intangibles will have at least as important an impact on corporate performance as that of the written intangibles. We show empirically that the growth of both categories of intangible assets have significant effects on sales growth (our chosen measure of firm performance), and that the elasticity of firm performance with respect to the growth of written intangibles is significantly larger than the elasticity with respect to the growth of non-written intangibles. However, our analysis also reveals that the mean stock of non-written intangibles is three times larger than the stock of written intangibles, and that the mean growth of the non-written intangibles is three times faster than that of written intangibles.

The entrepreneurship landscape has undergone a significant transformation towards sustainability in both large and small business firms. This study investigated the effect of individual entrepreneurship orientation on sustainable entrepreneurship practices and firm performance of fisheries small and medium enterprises. The study used a structured questionnaire to gather data from a sample of 389 entrepreneurs working in the Tanzanian Nile perch fishery in Lake Victoria. Descriptive statistics and the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique were used to analyse the quantitative data. The study's findings indicated that the risk-taking, innovativeness, and proactiveness substantially impact sustainable entrepreneurship practices in fisheries small and medium enterprises but does not have a direct relationship with the firm's performance except for the innovativeness. Additionally, it was discovered that sustainable entrepreneurship practices have a complete mediation role in risk-taking and proactiveness, while they have a partial mediation role in innovativeness. Therefore, the study recommends advocacy for policies and incentives to foster the implementation of sustainable entrepreneurship enterprises among small and medium enterprises in the fisheries industry for sustainable businesses and the natural environment.

Purpose – The authors investigate how foreign investment in securities market informs about the future firm performance in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach – The authors define the independent variable abnormal foreign investment (AFI) as the residuals of the foreign ownership equation. The authors regress foreign ownership on its first lag and factors and define the residuals as the AFI. The AFI is the over- or under-investment reflecting foreign conscious (clear-purpose) investment, thus better indicating how foreign investment affects firm performance. The dependent variable is Tobin’s q (Q), which represents the firm performance. Then, the authors regress the Tobin’s q next quarters (Qt + k) on the AFI current quarter (AFIt). The authors use a two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) and check endogeneity with the D-GMM model for the regression. Findings – The results show that the current AFI is positively correlated with the firm performance in each of the next four quarters (the following one year). This positive relationship is pronounced for large firms, firms with no large foreign investors, liquid firms and firms listed in the active market. The results suggest that foreign investment might choose well-productive firms already. Also, the current AFI is significantly positively correlated with stock returns in each of the next three quarters. These results suggest that the AFI is informative up to one-year period. Research limitations/implications – The results suggest that foreign investors (most of them are small) in the Vietnamese market might choose well-productive firms already. However, if the large investors have long-term investment in tangible, intangible, human capital and so on, and lead to a significant increase in firms’ performance is still the limitation of this paper. Practical implications – The results of this paper may guide investors whose portfolios are composed of stocks with foreign investment. Originality/value – This paper adds to the literature to enrich the conclusion of a positive relationship between foreign ownership and firm performance.

Previous research found that companies that fail to mitigate carbon emissions will make higher carbon disclosures than companies that successfully mitigate carbon emissions, and companies will also make decisions that are relevant to applicable regulations and policies. This research will explore the stakeholder perspective in assessing the company. This stakeholder perspective will determine whether more adequate regulations are needed to address the problem of greenwashing and stakeholder protection. This research will also explore whether the transparency of carbon information carried out by companies is directly proportional to the accountability for mitigating carbon emissions and whether current environmental regulations are able to motivate companies to mitigate environmental pollution. The results of the study found carbon emission disclosures have a positive effect on financial performance. Carbon emission disclosure has a positive effect on green innovation. Carbon emission disclosure has a negative effect on the cost of debt. The period of ratification of Presidential Regulation No.98 can strengthen the relationship between carbon emission disclosure and financial performance as measured by return on equity (ROE), but not with financial performance as measured by Tobin's Q. The period of ratification of Presidential Regulation No.98 can strengthen the relationship between carbon emission disclosure and green innovation. The period of ratification of Presidential Regulation No.98 has no effect on the relationship between carbon emission disclosure and the cost of debt.

Risk management has become crucial for organizations in the current era. Therefore, this study assesses the impact of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on an organization’s performance and examines how knowledge management and technology adoption mediate this impact, along with the moderating effect of supply chain resilience based on the resource-based view and dynamic capabilities theory. Utilizing a questionnaire-based survey, data were collected from 297 respondents in Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, and Dong Nai, Vietnam, by cluster random sampling. The data were statistically analyzed using the partial least squares method. The results indicated a positive effect of ERM on financial performance, while the association with non-financial performance lacked significance. Knowledge management and technology adoption fully mediated the positive impact of ERM on non-financial performance and partially mediated its relationship with financial performance. Furthermore, supply chain resilience strengthened the positive link between ERM and financial performance. In conclusion, these findings contribute to advancing the comprehension of the mechanisms and dynamics involved in knowledge management and technology adoption as mediators and supply chain resilience as a moderator, regarding an emerging country. The study enriches the risk management literature and significantly contributes to enhancing firm effectiveness.

Purpose – Foreign subsidiaries incur substantial institutional conformity costs because they have to respond to host-country institutional pressures (Slangen & Hennart, 2008). The purpose of this paper is to study this type of cost from institutional and regulatory perspectives. The authors argue that these costs decrease when the host country adopts concepts of international regulations that multinationals may be familiar with due to their own home country regulation experience. This prior regulatory experience gives foreign subsidiaries an advantage of foreignness (AoF), which can offset their liability of foreignness (LoF). Design/methodology/approach – This study compared the returns on assets of 35 domestic firms with those of foreign subsidiaries in the Brazilian energy industry between 2002 and 2021, using regression dynamic panel data. Findings – The existence of a relationship between the international regulatory norm and the Brazilian regulator has transformed the LoF into an advantage of foreignness to compete with local energy firms. The results also suggest that the better the regulatory quality of the subsidiary’s country of origin, the better its performance in Brazil, as it can reduce compliance costs. Finally, the greater the psychic distance between Brazil and the foreign subsidiary’s home country, the worse its performance. Research limitations/implications – The research suggests that one of the keys to competitiveness in host countries is local regulatory ties. Prior international regulatory experience gives foreign subsidiaries an asset of foreignness (AoF). This result complements the current institutional and regulatory foreignness studies on emerging economies (Cuervo-Cazurra & Genc, 2008; Mallon et al., 2022) and the institutional asymmetry between home and host country (Mallon & Fainshmidt, 2017). Practical implications – This research suggests that one of the keys to competitiveness in host countries is local regulatory ties. Prior international regulatory experience gives foreign subsidiaries an asset of foreignness (AoF). This result complements the current institutional and regulatory foreignness studies on emerging economies (Cuervo-Cazurra & Genc, 2008; Mallon et al., 2022) and the institutional asymmetry between home and host country (Mallon & Fainshmidt, 2017). The practical implication is that the relationship between conformity costs, capital budget calculation and strategic planning for internationalization will be related to the governance quality of the home country of multinationals. The social implication is that a country interested in attracting more direct foreign investment to areas that need foreign technology transfer and resources may consider adopting international regulatory standards. Social implications – The social implication is that a country interested in attracting more direct foreign investment to areas that need foreign technology transfer and resources may consider adopting international regulatory standards. Originality/value – This research discuss firm and local regulator tie is one of core competitiveness in host countries (Yang and Meyer, 2020). This study also complements the current institutional and regulatory foreignness studies in emerging economy (Cuervo-Cazurra & Genc, 2008; Mallon et al., 2022). Second, prior regulatory experience of multinational enterprise in similar environment can affect its foreign affiliate performance (Perkins, 2014). Third, this study confirms current literature that argues that knowledge and ability to operate in an institutionalized country can be transferred from parent to affiliate. In the end, this study investigates whether AoF persists when host governments improve the governance of their industries.

This study employs a linear regression model to investigate the relationship between ESG performance, liquidity, and firm performance of African-listed firms covering a period from 2013 to 2022. The results indicate that liquidity is a significant mediating factor influencing the association between ESG performance on firm performance. Furthermore, the outcome suggests that augmenting the ESG performance of listed companies enhances firm performance. Robustness tests also corroborate the postulation that firms with higher liquidity improve ESG performance and enhance overall firm performance. This study offers important insights to corporate governors, listed firms, and investors.

Prior research has reported mixed findings regarding the relationship between diversification and firm performance, because a diversification strategy produces not only synergies but also anti-synergies. We argue that information technology (IT) can help unlock the potential of diversification to enhance firm performance by maximising its synergistic effect while minimising its anti-synergistic effect. Using a sample of publicly listed Chinese firms on the Shanghai or Shenzhen Stock Exchange, we find that IT investment positively moderates the relationship between diversification and firm performance. Investing in IT contributes to greater coordination, control, information exchange, and cross-business knowledge sharing, which can enhance the synergistic effect of diversification and mitigate its anti-synergistic effect. Furthermore, we find that the moderating effect of IT investment on the relationship between diversification and firm performance is stronger for related diversification than unrelated diversification, indicating a greater need for IT when undertaking related (vs unrelated) diversification. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between diversification and firm performance. Moreover, we advance research by showing that the moderating effect of IT on the relationship between diversification and firm performance varies according to diversification strategy.

We aim to evaluate the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and firm value (FV) of Vietnamese listed firms. In this study, the System Generalized Method of Moments (SysGMM) regression method is used to assess the association between CG and FV. By examining the sample of 510 companies from 2015 to 2022, the research finding show that the CG index has a positive association with FV. Furthermore, we also examine whether the Covid-19 plays an moderating impact on the relationship between CG mechanism and FV.We also conduct robustness test to confirm our research findings. The research offers additional empirical support for the crucial role that well-functioning CG mechanisms play in augmenting the value of a company. Furthermore, the research enhances the current body of literature by offering novel theoretical and empirical perspectives relevant to nations facing circumstances akin to those of Vietnam in the aftermath of the economic downturn triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings are helpful for managers, investors, listed companies, and other stakeholders.

This paper attempts to shed light on an analytical model that examines both direct relationship between board gender diversity and energy firms’ performance and an indirect connection in which earnings management is a mediating variable that is affected by the board gender diversity, which in turn affects the performance of energy firms. This study employs a dynamic panel model with the two-step system generalized methods of moments (system GMM) technique using 77 listed energy firms of South Asian emerging economies (i.e. Bangladesh, India, & Pakistan) covering from 2015 to 2019. The findings show that gender diversity significantly and positively impacts energy firms’ performance in South Asia. The study results also find that earnings management plays a complementary mediating role (i.e. partial mediation) in the association between gender diversity and energy firms’ performance. This research demonstrates the economic value of having female directors on corporate boards by strengthening companies’ governance structure and decreasing earnings management. On the issue of board gender diversity policy, this research offers vital practical information for South Asian regulators, particularly in the energy sector. The present study is a novel study on the emerging South Asian energy sector that contributes to the literature for the first time by exploring the nexus between board gender diversity and firm performance with the mediating role of earnings management, which the previous literature has overlooked.

We investigate whether the impact of corruption on firm-level performance exhibits a concave pattern. We measured corruption using a continuous variable of firm-level bribe payments from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys. Our dataset includes 23 327 firms from 140 developing and emerging countries from 2006 to 2020. Using four measures of firm performance and instrumental variables estimation, we find that corruption has a negative linear impact on measures directly linked to market performance but a concave impact on measures focusing on inner processes. Further, larger firms and foreign firms are less negatively impacted by corruption. Importantly, controlling for a concave relationship amplifies the differences across different types of firms.

Green innovation entails the production assimilation or exploitation of unique methods of doing business that result in a decrease in environmental risks. Green innovation is a complex and multifaceted process, encompassing product, process, and organizational dimensions, each with unique factors influencing firm performance, business efficiency, and sustainable development. This research investigates the impact of eco-innovation on the financial performance of firms across 12 G7 and BRICS countries from 2013 to 2022. Considering 2100 listed firms, the study explores how process, product, and organizational eco-innovation dimensions affect business performance. Utilizing Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) regression and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) models, the results indicate a positive impact of environmental innovation on firm performance. Further, in BRICS countries, process, and organizational eco-innovations have greater impacts, while in G7 countries, product eco-innovation gets precedence. The varying impacts reflect the unequal stages of development and priorities between the two groups. It also signifies that G7 countries possess more resources for green innovation, while BRICS countries are still evolving. The findings therefore underscore the importance of tailored regulations, monitoring, and support to facilitate the integration of eco-innovations into business processes. Moreover, there is a need for firms to adopt and execute green innovation-based economic activities that would make them financially efficient, and strengthen the growth imperatives of both the groups of countries. Collaboration between developed and emerging economies would go a long way fostering common goals across them.

The research examines how Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance influences firm performance in the ASEAN region, focusing on how country regulatory quality and government effectiveness affect this relationship. The study uses a comprehensive dataset and finds that environmental and social performances do not directly impact firm performance significantly. However, governance performance has a notably positive effect on firm performance, highlighting the importance of sound governance practices. The study also identifies that the connections between environmental and social performance and firm performance are notably affected by country regulatory quality and government effectiveness. This suggests that the benefits of environmental and social initiatives on firm performance depend on the regulatory and governance environments in which firms operate. Similarly, the link between governance performance and firm performance is also influenced by these factors. These findings underscore the essential role of supportive regulatory structures and effective government practices in enhancing the positive effects of ESG initiatives on firm performance. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of ESG impacts within the ASEAN context and emphasizes the need to integrate ESG efforts with broader institutional support to achieve optimal firm performance.

AbstractSaudi Arabian firms are evolving from government or family-run businesses to larger corporations due to foreign investments. However, the role of a chief executive officer (CEO) is retained by family members. This study investigates the factors responsible for CEO turnover in Saudi Arabia in relationship to firm performance and compares them against those in other countries. This study is the first to look at CEO turnover in the Saudi context. Using panel data from 169 Saudi firms listed between 2007 and 2014, average marginal effects from a binary probit model, and differences-in-differences analysis, the effects of the following independent variables were assessed: CEO age, retirement age, tenure, pay, shareholdings, duality, board size and composition, firm ownership, and firm performance, with CEO turnover as the binary dependent variable. Results indicated that CEO turnover negatively relates to firm performance, irrespective of whether the dismissal is voluntary or forced, reaffirming a negative turnover—performance sensitivity. Further, CEOs with less than 5% shareholding face a greater likelihood of dismissal by the board, whereas larger shareholders are more entrenched. CEOs in government-owned firms show higher performance-related turnover, while those in family or foreign firms show no such relationship.

AbstractThis research focused on sustainable marketing strategies, and their drivers and outcomes in the African context using the perspectives of industrial organizations and the resource-based view. 360 marketing/production managers of manufacturing firms from Ethiopia were contacted for collecting primary data using a structured questionnaire. Research hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Moreover, using the Hayes process macro and 5000 bootstrapping samples, an estimation of mediation and moderation effects was conducted. The findings indicated that managerial resources, relational resources, financial resources, environmental policies, and eco-technology detection and response are instrumental in the implementation of a sustainable marketing strategy. The research also revealed that competitive advantage mediates the influence of sustainable marketing strategy on business performance, indicating a partial mediation. Finally, the study found that strategic proactivity moderates the direct link between sustainable marketing strategy - competitive advantage, and the indirect association between sustainable marketing strategy and business performance via competitive advantage. The study has forwarded practical implications for manufacturing firms in Africa. Management and policymakers need to understand and help develop managers’ understanding of the stakeholders’ concerns about the environment and the benefits of sustainable marketing strategies (SMS). It is also important to note that implementing SMS proactively helps firms to acquire experience, and skills in sustainable practices that contribute to SMS efficiency and effectiveness, and subsequently achieve cost savings and a reputation for being at the forefront of SMS implementation, which can ultimately create a competitive advantage.

AbstractAs the hospitality industry grapples with unprecedented crises, the relationship between innovation, strategic thinking and hotel performance during crises emerges as a critical area of exploration. The study investigates the mediating role of innovation in the relationship between strategic thinking and hotel performance during times of crisis. The study employs a quantitative approach and uses a questionnaire to solicit responses from 291 hospitality firms. Partial least squares (PLS) have been used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and subsequently structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesis paths of the study. The study establishes strategic thinking as a catalyst for enhanced organizational performance in the hospitality sector. The study found a positive synergy between strategic thinking and innovation, as strategic thinking catalyzes innovation, which in turn influences overall hotel performance. This synergistic relationship is essential for organizations seeking to survive and thrive in a rapidly changing business environment. The study offers practical insights for practitioners on leveraging strategic thinking and innovation synergy as a strategic tool for enhanced performance in dynamic business environments, as well as positioning themselves for long-term success and resilience.

AbstractThis study aims to obtain empirical evidence on the effect of the sex diversity of the board of commissioners (SDBOC) on firm performance (FP). In addition, this study examines the role of the ethnic background of the president commissioner (ETC) as a moderating variable that strengthens the influence of the sex diversity of the board of commissioners (SDBOC) on firm performance (FP). The sample consists of manufacturing companies, registered as public companies in Indonesia between 2017 and 2021, resulting in 783 observations. The data analysis includes several multivariate regression techniques consisting of ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effects (FE), and the Heckman selection model for data robustness and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the sex diversity of the board of commissioners increased firm performance, as measured by Tobin’s Q (TQ), but it had no significant effect on the market to book value (MBV). Furthermore, the ethnic background of the president commissioner strengthened the influence of the sex diversity of the board of commissioners on firm performance, as measured by TQ and MBV. The results support the theories used, namely agency theory, resource dependence theory, and upper echelon theory. Shareholders can use the result of this study to highlight certain aspects during the appointment of the board of commissioners, in terms of their gender diversity and the ethnic background of the president commissioner. Meanwhile, the required number of women on the board of commissioners, to improve board decisions, equates to two. This is supported by the critical mass theory.

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of cash holdings and board governance characteristics on companies’ performance by Egyptian listed non-financial companies over the period 2013–2019. The researchers employed pooled ordinary least squares and two-step system GMM estimations to test their research hypotheses. Moreover, firm fixed-effects regression was conducted for robustness test. We found a significant positive impact of cash holdings, board size, board gender diversity (BGD), and board meeting frequency on companies’ performance, while board members independence is found to impact performance negatively and lead to less profits. Further, board members role duality is found to have no significant impact on Firm Performance. This paper holds potential implications for businesses based in Egypt, as well as for investors who operate within the Egyptian market, along with regulatory bodies in developing nations. The study findings contribute valuable insights to the literature on cash holdings and corporate governance. They enhance our understanding of how cash holdings and board of directors’ characteristics can influence a company’s profitability, particularly in the context of emerging markets. Additionally, the study’s focus on an emerging market provides new evidence that can be relevant to accounting researchers studying similar contextual and institutional environments in other emerging markets.

AbstractUnlike large firms, the relationship between research and development (R&D) intensity and the firm performance of small- and medium-enterprise firms (SME firms) was found that in the past many studies However, the results of the study of this relationship still differ according to the context, especially in Thailand. Therefore, this study aims to test whether there is a possible relationship between R&D intensity and firm performance, moderated by the size of SME in Thailand. A total of 151 Thai SME firms from The Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council were used as samples. The data were analyzed using questionnaires sent via mail, descriptive analysis, a correlation matrix and multiple regression. The results reveal that R&D intensity has a negative effect on firm performance, whereas firm size has a positive effect on firm performance. Additionally, the interaction effect between R&D intensity and firm size has a significant negative effect on firm performance. The study’s findings might provide general investors and Thai SME enterprises with helpful guidelines for comparing business performance to R&D expenses. The Thai government can also benefit from this information when developing policies that support R&D in Thailand

AbstractSmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the informal sector are key in determining economic growth, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. However, data on the moderating effect of network ties on the association between SMEs’ entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and performance are limited, particularly in Ghana. Guided by resource-based and network theories, this study examines the moderating role of network ties in the association between EO and firm performance among SMEs in Ghana. Data were obtained from 201 SME owner-managers through face-to-face questionnaire administration. Regressions showed that EO components (proactiveness, innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, and competitive aggressiveness) were significantly associated with the performance of SMEs. Interactions revealed that network ties significantly influenced entrepreneurial orientation and SMEs’ performance associations. The network ties of SME owner-managers appeared to be a significant and positive moderator of the EO and SME performance link. Therefore, entrepreneurial orientation and network ties are important managerial resource capabilities needed for business survival in the informal sector.

AbstractThis paper examines the moderator role of the corporate governance (CG) mechanism (board size, board independence, board gender diversity, board meetings, board ownership and institutional ownership) in the capital structure (CS) - Firm performace (FP) nexus using country - and firm - level data for a sample of 100 firms in 7 Sub-Saharan African countries over 2010–2020. In addition, the paper investigates the direct effects of CS on FP. Employing the two-step system generalised methods of moments estimator, this paper extends, as well as offers fresh evidence to current literature. First, the evidence shows that firms with long-term leverage achieve higher performance measured with ROE. However, the findings also show that short-term leverage and total leverage are significantly associated with lower performance measured with ROA, ROE and Tobin’s Q. Further, the empirical results reveal that total leverage complements CG mechanism of board independence, board gender diversity, board meetings, managerial ownership and institutional ownership to induce positive and significant effects on FP, with the association being stronger for diverse boards (gender and non-executive directors) and institutional ownership, meanwhile, board size induces a negative association between total leverage and FP. Thus, the results suggest that the CG mechanisms play a positive and significant moderator role between CS and FP. Also, assets tangibility, growth opportunities, financial development and economic growth drive FP. The results are robust to possible endogeneity problems arising from simultaneous issues using the lagged structure and fixed effects methods.

Abstract This study aims to clarify the impact that CSR marketing has on the firm performance. Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility Marketing Activities Employed by Companies Explored through Website, Google Search, Annual Report, and Egyptian CSR Reports. This study employs exploratory and qualitative data acquired through several research methodologies to explore the benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility Marketing Activities Employed by Companies. The collected data are then used to develop an updated and critically analyzed explanatory framework, which establishes the link between financial performance and CSR marketing. The results indicate that the link between CSR and financial performance is strong. The study also provides relevant practical implications for organizations in developing nations, such as Egypt. It shows that adopting and implementing CSR programs can help companies gain competitive advantage. The significance of this study lies in its provision of empirical evidence regarding the influence of marketing practices related to environmental, social, and governance factors on the financial performance of Egyptian companies, specifically in relation to the sustainability index.

Bir yatırım konsepti ve kurumsal değerlendirme standardı olan çevresel, Sosyal ve Kurumsal Yönetim açıklamaları son yıllarda finansal kararlar üzerinde oldukça etkili olmaya başlamıştır. Çevresel, sosyal ve kurumsal yönetim puanları geleneksel finansal performans yerine çevresel, sosyal ve kurumsal yönetim performansına odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören firmaların çevresel, sosyal ve kurumsal yönetim puanlarının finansal performans üzerindeki etkisini panel veri analizi ile araştırmaktadır. Çalışma çevresel, sosyal ve kurumsal yönetim verile- rinin kısıtlılığı nedeniyle seçilmiş 31 firma için yapılmış ve 2014–2022 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında iki model kurulmuş olup, ilk model sonucuna göre çevresel, sosyal ve kurumsal yönetim puanlarının, piyasa değeri/defter değeri oranının ve aktiflerdeki büyümenin aktif kârlılığı pozitif ve anlamlı etkilediğine ulaşılmıştır. İkinci modelde evresel, sosyal ve kurumsal yönetim puanlarının ve piyasa değeri/defter değeri oranının özsermaye kârlılığı üzerindeki etkisi anlamsız tespit edilirken, aktiflerdeki büyümenin özsermaye kârlılığını anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

PURPOSE: This article aims to determine how companies in the SME sector modify their business strategies in response to changes in the external environment. The research focused on modifications to entrepreneurial strategies expressed through the fundamental dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO): risk-taking, innovativeness, and proactiveness. Additionally, it identified which types of reactions (modifications in strategies) lead to the most favorable changes in firm performance. The external environment was determined based on the market situation that resulted from the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: This is quantitative research. The study utilized data from 126 small printing businesses operating throughout Poland. Analyses were conducted on the data that reflected modifications in entrepreneurial behaviors and performance during three periods: the pre-crisis period, the initial phase of the crisis (the full lockdown period), and the second phase of the crisis (the period of easing the restrictions). The identification of the behavior types was carried out using cluster analysis. FINDINGS: The results of the research led to the conclusion that, with a change in market conditions, companies significantly change their levels of EO. In particular, the surveyed companies reduced their levels of EO during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, this decrease was mainly due to significant decreases in risk-taking. The levels of EO increased when the conditions improved due to significant increases in innovativeness and proactiveness. Moreover, the analysis enabled the identification of four types of reactions to the emergence of the crisis as well as three types of reactions to the improvement of the external conditions that resulted from the easing of restrictions and the introduction of anti-crisis support measures for businesses. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the type of reaction had a significant impact on the changes in the performances of the examined companies. In particular, it was shown that the lowest decline in performance during the initial phase of crisis could be observed in passive enterprises, i.e., those that did not modify their entrepreneurial strategies (did not alter their levels of individual dimensions of EO). The greatest increase in performance was achieved during the period of easing restrictions by those companies that significantly enhanced their activities across all of the considered dimensions of EO. IMPLICATIONS: The research results provided insights for entrepreneurs in strategic management. Specifically, they learned about the modifications in entrepreneurial behaviors that could lead to the most favorable and optimal improvements in a firm’s performance when market conditions change. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The study contributes to the literature concerning reactions to changes in market conditions. This innovative approach considers dynamics where the changes themselves are variables. In particular, this research identifies types of entrepreneurial reactions to market condition changes in terms of dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation. Furthermore, it provides an answer to how firm performance evolved regarding various reaction types (using the example of the printing industry).

Purpose – The study has endeavored to assay the nexus between the converged version of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the performance of the Indian-listed manufacturing firms. Design/methodology/approach – The study has randomly accessed the data of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) listed Indian manufacturing firms using the Prowess IQ database. It has covered 2014–2016 as pre-IFRS and 2017–2020 as the post-IFRS convergence period. Moreover, the study has followed a longitudinal research design with cross-sectional time-series data and has used the difference-in-difference (DiD) technique to assess the effect of the IFRS convergence on firm performance (FP). Findings – The results have indicated that the adoption of the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) has unlikely reported better FP. It has concurred policy implications as full adoption rather than convergence could reap the benefits of the IFRS. Originality/value – It has contributed to the existing body of knowledge by assaying the effect of the IFRS convergence on FP in developing economies like India using the DiD methodology. The study is an original piece of research and is free from plagiarism.

Although big data will bring worth for business throughout the entire worth chain, the integration of details analytics about the decision-making procedure is nevertheless a battle. This specific study, based on an ordered literature review, thematic evaluation and qualitative interview findings, proposes 6 steps to create every relevance and rigor in the technique of analytics driven choice generating. Our findings illuminate the main key phases in this specific option procedure, for example matter characterization, evaluation of earlier outcomes, model development, data collection, information analysis, along with techniques on insights within the context of program strategies. Although outcomes are assessed in a sequence of steps, the analysis identifies them interdependent and iterative as. The suggested 6 phase analytics driven choice making process, pragmatic evidence from service techniques, and later scientific studies agenda, source the groundwork for upcoming scholarly research, and can work as a step smart guidebook for internet business professionals.

This study investigates the moderating effects of environmental dynamics, social networks, and business networks on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance. Through a questionnaire survey, 315 questionnaires were collected for analysis from managers and owners of businesses registered with KADIN, HIPMI, AKLI, GAPENSI, and REI Indonesia. This study made use of PLS-SEM analysis. Our results indicate that entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has a significant effect on business success and that network resources moderate this relationship. Moreover, our findings imply that environmental dynamics, social networks, and business networks augment the effect of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on firm performance. The outcomes of this study add to both theory and practice. Theoretically, this study contributes to the body of knowledge and literature on how entrepreneurial orientation (EO) may enhance business performance via network resources following the concept of social capital that is influenced by a dynamic environment of social and commercial networks. This study can potentially improve corporate performance (EO) through strategic and entrepreneurial focus. The administration may employ this strategy to circumvent resource restrictions imposed by restricted access and a dearth of new opportunities. Therefore, Network resources enable enterprises to access additional resources, leading to a more successful EO implementation. In addition, environmental dynamics and social and business networks encourage the application of EO to enhance corporate performance.

Research Question: We investigate the relationship between information technology (IT) capability and firm performance of US firms during 1989-2012. Motivation: We identify the model misspecification and estimation problems in Santhanam and Hartono (2003), Chae et al. (2014), Choi and George (2016), and Rahman and Zhao (2020) and provide new estimation results by using model specifications that better fit the characteristics of the sample data. Idea: We compare the long-term trends of the IT capability-performance relationship between the IT leader and control groups. Data: All data are from InformationWeek (IW) 500 and the Compustat database. Tools: We use a dynamic panel model with the firm-specific effect which incorporates the main assumptions of the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm. Findings: We find a positive association between IT capability and firm performance by using 1,308 IT leader firms chosen from the IW 500 from the period 1989 to 2012. We also find that the IT leader group’s financial performance consistently outperformed that of the control group over the entire sample period. However, during the second half of the 1990s, a period marked by a significant increase in IT proliferation and investment, the financial performance of the IT leader group leveled off. It appears that, contrary to expectations, the returns to the IT leader group’s superior IT capability did not translate into substantial improvements in operational efficiency during that period. We also observe that the financial performance of the control group experienced a much stronger recovery (with a threefold increase in magnitude) compared to the IT leader group during the 2000s. Contribution: This study makes a significant contribution to the existing literature as it presents the first-ever longitudinal study on the IT capability-performance relationship spanning 24 years. Moreover, this study is the first to investigate the existence of any changes in patterns of the IT capability-performance relationship, both across different groups and over time.

This article presents the findings of a survey conducted in Slovenia, encompassing a random sample of 275 enterprises, to analyze the factors influencing the transition to an agile approach, the AI-supported organizational culture, AI-enabled workload reduction, and AI-enabled performance enhancement in small and large enterprises. The study investigates whether there are statistically significant differences between small and large enterprises in Slovenia regarding these aspects. These findings provide valuable insights into the distinct perspectives and priorities of small and large enterprises in Slovenia regarding agility and the adoption of AI technologies. The results highlight areas where small businesses may need additional support or targeted strategies to fully leverage the benefits of agility and AI. Policymakers and industry leaders can utilize these findings to promote tailored approaches that enhance agility and facilitate effective AI integration in both small and large enterprises, ultimately contributing to the growth and competitiveness of the Slovenian business landscape.

This paper proposes a systemic model on the intertwined relations among managerialization, professionalization and firm economic performance, considering both business‐ and family‐specific features and issues. It sheds light on the role that, in the family business, the firm economic performance may play in favouring a positive development of both the business and the family itself. It aims at understanding how, in family businesses, the firm managerialization and professionalization may represent relevant drivers of firm performance. A Systems Thinking model based on causal loop diagrams was developed, to provide a clear framing of the interrelationships among the various aspects at stake. The conceptual model combines with systemic perspective all the variables and relationships that come into play when considering jointly the growth and development of the company and the family. This paper provides not only a conceptual background but also practical insights for family business' owners, managers and consultants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article establishes a connection between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance, exploring the mediating effects of knowledge-based capabilities (KBC), social media use capabilities (SMUCs) and customer relationship management capabilities (CRMCs), with moderation by environmental dynamism (ED). Utilising the resource-based view (RBV) framework and a mediation moderation model, the research empirically explores these connections. Design/methodology/approach: Data were gathered via a survey from 900 listed firms in Ethiopia and China, spanning manufacturing and service industries. The questionnaire underwent translation into Chinese and Amharic from English. A quantitative approach, utilising convenience sampling for survey distribution, was employed. SPSS 24 software facilitated mediation analysis, revealing no concerns related to discriminant validity. Findings/results: The findings affirm the positive impacts of EO on KBC, SMUC and CRMC in China, while only on SMUC in Ethiopia. In addition, a positive mediation of KBC, SMUC and CRMC between EO and firm performance. Additionally, ED moderated the link between SMUC, CRMC and firm performance. Practical implications: Our study recommends that policymakers and managers should invest in training programmes and information technology, organising workshops to educate staff on the effective use of social media tools. This investment holds substantial potential for dynamically transforming business models, processes and customer trends. Originality/value: This study adds to the current body of knowledge by exploring EO-firm performance correlation, incorporating the mediating effects of KBC, SMUC and CRMC while considering the moderating influence of ED.

Environmental Turbulence (ET) refers to the uncertainty caused by unforeseen changes in a firm's external environment. Process Quality Management (PQM) is a sub-dimension of Total Quality Management (TQM). However, the literature has not examined the effects of ET on TQM and PQM applications. For firms that want to survive in a dynamic market structure, it is crucial to understand how sub-factors of ET (Market Turbulence (MT), Technological Turbulence (TT), and Competition Intensity (CI)) affect existing relations. We examined whether ET has a moderating or mediating effect on innovation, performance, and PQM. As a result of the study, we discovered that PQM has essential effects on reducing market turbulence and competition intensity.

Purpose: The objective of this research is to determine the impact of green manufacturing practices and digital transformation on firm performance, with a particular focus on the mediating role of green product innovation. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study conducted a survey of 212 employees from various businesses using a questionnaire-based method. The data is analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to examine the connections between digital transformation, green manufacturing practices, and company performance. The study also investigated the intermediary function of green product innovation in these connections and offered valuable insights into how sustainable practices might enhance corporate performance. Findings: This research indicates that green product innovation plays a vital role in connecting these practices to improved company success. The results suggests that organisations that have used digital transformation technologies are more inclined to foster innovation in environmental friendly goods, so enhancing sustainability and subsequently improving performance. Implications/Originality/Value: The present research contributes to the existing understanding of the impact of digital transformation and green manufacturing techniques on enhancing company performance with a specific emphasis on sustainability. The importance of digital transformation and environmentally-conscious manufacturing methods in improving the sustainability of enterprises is emphasised.

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between firm performance and cost of debt. More specifically this paper empirically shows that fund providers charge lower cost on debt for highly performing companies compared to lower performing companies. We argue that the profitable companies are more resilient, and they have more survivable capacity which impacts on the pricing of the cost of debt. In contrast, lower performing companies are more prone to financial distress or may have higher chances of non-repayment of loans thereby fund providers charge higher interest to compensate the risks. Consistently, analyzing 547 firm year observations for the period of 2015–2019 we find that the cost of debt is significantly lower for the highly performing companies compared to the lower performing companies. The negative relation between the cost of debt and firm performance is highly pronounced in smaller companies compared to bigger companies. It suggests that fund providers create opportunities for smaller companies thereby results in balanced growth in the economy. Our results are robust to a set of alternative measures of firm performance. This study has several policy implications and contributions to the literature of the cost of debt in developing economies.

This study analyses the impact of intellectual capital disclosure on the firm's financial performance by developing a comprehensive intellectual capital disclosure index. The study reveals that although intellectual capital disclosure has an insignificant impact on the return on assets, it positively impacts the firm's market capitalization. Among the components of intellectual capital disclosure, Structural capital and Relational capital disclosure positively contribute to the relationship, while Human capital disclosure negatively impacts firm performance. These insights can aid firms in making strategic decisions regarding intellectual capital management and disclosure practices, potentially leading to improved firm performance. The originality of our study lies in the fact that while the literature on this relationship is scarce, with no study in the Indian context, our study provides a realistic conclusion to the intellectual capital disclosure-firm performance relationship and adds value to the current intellectual capital-driven competitive market.

Purpose – This study extends the current literature in the context of European countries by showing that women's participation on the board can enhance the financial performance of a company while moderated by many cultural factors. Design/methodology/approach – This study examines 19 European countries throughout the period 2010–2020. The time-invariant or individual fixed-effect models are used. Findings – The authors found that high power distance and masculinity undermine the impact of board gender diversity on firm performance. The gender-diverse board reports a statistically significant negative impact on return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) while moderated by the power distance index. Originality/value – This research will be of significant value to the board directors, practitioners and the concerned authority who desire to polish up the firm performance of European countries that are governed by cultural norms.

The extant literature shows that firm capabilities such as knowledge transfer and innovation are highly related to firm performance. How these relationships express themselves for foreign-based firms operating in global environments is less understood. The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) to examine the differential effects of knowledge transfer and innovation on the performance of German-based companies operating in Malaysia; (2) to determine if these relationships and effects operate via an “intervening variable” or mediator, in this case, competitive advantage; and (3) to determine if another latent variable (cultural intelligence) has an altering or “moderating” influence on the effects of innovation and knowledge transfer on competitive advantage. Analyses of the causal relationships are tested using a sample of 475 respondents working in German subsidiaries in Malaysia and applying a structural equation model. The empirical findings indicate that innovation and knowledge transfer are positively and significantly related to German companies’ overall performance, that these effects are mediated by competitive advantage, and that cultural intelligence interacts with innovation and knowledge transfer to affect the strength of the relationships between innovation (knowledge transfer) and competitive advantage.

The present paper aims to study the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performances of family and non-family tourism firms in J&K, India. Moreover, it examines entrepreneurial alertness as a mediator. To analyze the data, partial least squares structural equation modeling was employed. Further, the article presents a multigroup analysis to determine differences between two sample groups. The results of Family Firms and Non-Family Firms showed a significant influence of Entrepreneurial orientation on Firm performance, except for risk-taking in family firms. Entrepreneurial alertness significantly mediates between Entrepreneurial orientation and Firm performance, except for risk-taking in the case of tourism Non-Family Firms. Regarding Family Firms, entrepreneurial alertness significantly mediates between innovativeness and firm performance. The results revealed that Firm Performance is more strongly affected by innovativeness and pro-activeness in Non-Family Firms than in Family Firms. Further, PLS-MGA results showed significant differences in the relationships between Entrepreneurial alertness and Firm Performance and risk-taking and Firm Performance. This is the first study that has investigated the role of Entrepreneurial alertness in the relationship between Entrepreneurial orientation and Firm performance.

Abstract This research study aims to examine the impact of sustainability on firm performance and analyze how vertical integration moderates the connection between performance and sustainability in the oil and gas sector. We analyzed a sample dataset of oil and gas companies from the top ten oil-producing countries spanned over ten years (2011–2020). The pool-fixed regression technique confirms that sustainability and its three components, i.e., social, environmental, and governance, are negatively related to performance. However, vertical integration moderated the connection between sustainability and performance in the case of the oil and gas sector. We have identified firm size, age, and return share price positively related to firm performance in the oil and gas industry. At the same time, the debt ratio negatively impacts the firm’s performance. The findings are significant for the management of oil and gas firms and the policymakers and regulatory authorities of oil-producing and exporting countries.

This study investigates the impact of supply chain resilience and robustness on firm performance and also examines the significance of supply chain risk management (SCRM) in minimizing the consequences of disruptions on supply chain performance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was gathered using convenience sampling technique through a survey from management staff (n=409) working in textile companies operating in Pakistan. Using SPSS software for data analysis, thisstudy proposes a mediation model where risk management practices are proposed as a mediator between supply chain resilience, robustness and firm performance. The findings highlight that supply chain resilience and robustness have positive significant effect on firm performance. The results also revealed that supply chain risk management mediates the relationships between supply chain resilience, robustness and firm performance. The findings show that managers should focus more on improving supply chain risk management operations and prioritize their SC resilience and robustness competencies for better firm performance. Furthermore, this is among the few quantitative studies dealing with supply chain risk management procedures, SC resilience and robustness in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research limitations have been identified and suggestions for future research have been provided.

Implementation of big data might considerably enhance the way a company is managed. Within malignancy of the steep practical as well as methodical scientific studies, there's an absence of statistical exploration to evaluate the significance of big data. Adhering to a methodical comment, a framework for the interpretation of value big data is provided in the papers. The evaluation additionally offers a high level taxonomy that can help broaden understanding of impacts of big data and the part of its in affecting worth of enterprises. The judgments imply that big data experimenters must act past firsthand gear of momentous details blockades and also reposition the absorption of theirs on how large data analytics are able to breathe to enable and too organizational qualifications. The conflation of the various generalities inside the scope of info analytics supplies more intense perceptivity into obtaining truly worth via statistical techniques, and perpetration down the road.