1. The genome of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control
- Author
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Gareth Maslen, José M. C. Ribeiro, Evan N. Jansen, Timothy B. Sackton, Pia U. Olafson, Wesley C. Warren, Perot Saelao, Richard K. Wilson, Scott J. Emrich, Markus Friedrich, Dana Nayduch, Matthew T. Weirauch, David B. Taylor, Craig J. Coates, John H. Werren, Xiaoting Chen, Emily C. Jennings, Joshua B. Benoit, Sonja L Swiger, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Kennan Oyen, Hugh M. Robertson, Justin Dykema, Christopher J. Holmes, Aaron M. Tarone, Robert M. Waterhouse, David R. Nelson, Richard P. Meisel, Panagiotis Ioannidis, Evgeny M. Zdobnov, Serap Aksoy, Ellen O. Martinson, Sing-Hoi Sze, Tyler J. Raszick, Megan Davis, Terence Murphy, Greta Buckmeier, Andrew J. Rosendale, and Daniel Lawson
- Subjects
Stable fly ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,Genome ,Opsin gene duplication ,0302 clinical medicine ,Structural Biology ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Reproduction ,Muscidae ,Biological Sciences ,Metabolic detoxification genes ,Insect immunity ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Stomoxys ,Insect orthology ,Insect Control ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,DNA sequencing ,Host-Parasite Interactions ,Developmental Biology ,Cell Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Chemoreceptor genes ,Gene regulation ,Insect adaptation ,Muscid genomics ,Stable fly genome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetics ,Animals ,Drosophila ,030304 developmental biology ,business.industry ,Host (biology) ,Human Genome ,fungi ,Pest control ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Evolutionary biology ,Vector (epidemiology) ,business ,Insect ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is a major blood-feeding pest of livestock that has near worldwide distribution, causing an annual cost of over $2 billion for control and product loss in the USA alone. Control of these flies has been limited to increased sanitary management practices and insecticide application for suppressing larval stages. Few genetic and molecular resources are available to help in developing novel methods for controlling stable flies. Results This study examines stable fly biology by utilizing a combination of high-quality genome sequencing and RNA-Seq analyses targeting multiple developmental stages and tissues. In conjunction, 1600 genes were manually curated to characterize genetic features related to stable fly reproduction, vector host interactions, host-microbe dynamics, and putative targets for control. Most notable was characterization of genes associated with reproduction and identification of expanded gene families with functional associations to vision, chemosensation, immunity, and metabolic detoxification pathways. Conclusions The combined sequencing, assembly, and curation of the male stable fly genome followed by RNA-Seq and downstream analyses provide insights necessary to understand the biology of this important pest. These resources and new data will provide the groundwork for expanding the tools available to control stable fly infestations. The close relationship of Stomoxys to other blood-feeding (horn flies and Glossina) and non-blood-feeding flies (house flies, medflies, Drosophila) will facilitate understanding of the evolutionary processes associated with development of blood feeding among the Cyclorrhapha.
- Published
- 2021