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Medir la vacunación infantil de rutina es crucial para informar las políticas mundiales de vacunación y la implementación de programas, y para hacer un seguimiento del progreso hacia los objetivos establecidos por el Plan de Acción Mundial sobre Vacunas (GVAP) y la Agenda de Inmunización 2030. Se necesitan estimaciones sólidas de la cobertura de vacunación de rutina para identificar los éxitos pasados ​​y persistentes. vulnerabilidades. A partir del Estudio de la carga global de enfermedades, lesiones y factores de riesgo (GBD) 2020, versión 1, realizamos un análisis sistemático de las tendencias de cobertura de vacunas a nivel mundial, regional y nacional utilizando un marco estadístico, por vacuna y a lo largo del tiempo. Métodos Para este análisis recopilamos 55 326 observaciones específicas del país, de la cohorte, del año, de la vacuna y de la dosis de la cobertura de vacunación infantil de rutina entre 1980 y 2019. Utilizando el proceso de regresión gaussiana espaciotemporal, Estimaciones específicas por año de 11 indicadores de cobertura de vacunación infantil de rutina para 204 países y territorios desde 1980 hasta 2019, ajustando los sesgos en los datos informados por los países y reflejando los desabastecimientos informados y las interrupciones en el suministro. Analizamos las tendencias mundiales y regionales en la cobertura y el número de niños con dosis cero (definidos como aquellos que nunca recibieron una dosis de vacuna contra la difteria, el tétanos y la tos ferina [DTP]), el progreso hacia los objetivos del GVAP y la relación entre la cobertura de la vacuna y el desarrollo sociodemográfico. Recomendaciones Para 2019, la cobertura mundial de la tercera dosis de DTP (DTP3; 81,6 % [intervalo de incertidumbre del 95 % 80,4–82,7]) se duplicó con creces con respecto a los niveles estimados en 1980 (39,9 % [37,5–42 ·1]), al igual que la cobertura mundial de la vacuna antisarampionosa de primera dosis (MCV1; del 38,5 % [35,4–41,3] en 1980 al 83,6 % [82,3–84,8 ] en 2019). La cobertura de la vacuna antipoliomielítica de tercera dosis (Pol3) también aumentó, del 42,6 % (41,4–44,1) en 1980 al 79,8 % (78,4–81,1) en 2019, y la cobertura mundial de vacunas más nuevas Las vacunas aumentaron rápidamente entre 2000 y 2019. La cantidad mundial de niños que recibieron dosis cero se redujo en casi un 75 % entre 1980 y 2019, de 56,8 millones (52,6–60,9) a 14,5 millones (13,4– 15·9). Sin embargo, durante la última década, la cobertura mundial de vacunas se estabilizó en general; 94 países y territorios registraron una disminución de la cobertura de DTP3 desde 2010. Se estimó que solo 11 países y territorios alcanzaron el objetivo nacional del GVAP de al menos una cobertura del 90 % para todas las vacunas evaluadas en 2019. Interpretación Después de lograr grandes avances en la cobertura de vacunación infantil en todo el mundo, en gran parte del mundo este progreso se estancó o se revirtió de 2010 a 2019. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de revisar las estrategias de inmunización de rutina y los enfoques programáticos, centrando la prestación de servicios en torno a la equidad y las poblaciones desatendidas. Fortalecer los datos de vacunas y los sistemas de monitoreo es crucial para estas actividades, ahora y hasta 2030, para garantizar que todos los niños tengan acceso y puedan beneficiarse de las vacunas que salvan vidas. Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. Methods For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dose-specific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in country-reported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis [DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. Findings By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81·6% [95% uncertainty interval 80·4–82·7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39·9% [37·5–42·1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38·5% [35·4–41·3] in 1980 to 83·6% [82·3–84·8] in 2019). Third-dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42·6% (41·4–44·1) in 1980 to 79·8% (78·4–81·1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019, from 56·8 million (52·6–60·9) to 14·5 million (13·4–15·9). However, over the past decade, global vaccine coverage broadly plateaued; 94 countries and territories recorded decreasing DTP3 coverage since 2010. Only 11 countries and territories were estimated to have reached the national GVAP target of at least 90% coverage for all assessed vaccines in 2019. Interpretation After achieving large gains in childhood vaccine coverage worldwide, in much of the world this progress was stalled or reversed from 2010 to 2019. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting routine immunisation strategies and programmatic approaches, recentring service delivery around equity and underserved populations. Strengthening vaccine data and monitoring systems is crucial to these pursuits, now and through to 2030, to ensure that all children have access to, and can benefit from, lifesaving vaccines.

Background: The ankle joint injuries are common emergency and account for about 10% of all visits to emergency departments. This is usually due to a sprain related to sports, walking, fall, or road traffic accident. Ankle joint has a complex three-dimensional anatomy, so MRI is considered the modality of the choice in evaluating patients with ankle problems. MRI provides precise information about soft tissue, skeletal and extra-skeletal lesions. Objectives: To evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of abnormalities and injuries associated with post traumatic ankle joint. Patients and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2019 to April 2021. Sixty patients with post-traumatic ankle joint complaints underwent MRI examination during this period. All patients performed MRI examination in the Radiology Department, Menoufia University Hospital after signing informed consent. Results: Out of 60 patients, nine (16%) were diagnosed with ligamentous injuries, 29 (48.3%) were diagnosed with tendon injuries and 35 (58.3%) were diagnosed with bone injuries. Nine (15%) were fractures, one (1.7%) was bone necrosis and 34 (56.7%) were bone contusions. 55 (91.7%) had joint effusion and 11 (18.3%) had sinus tarsi syndrome. Conclusion: MRI is the modality of choice in evaluating ankle injuries because of its high soft tissue contrast resolution and multi-planar capabilities. It is an ideal modality for global evaluation of the osseous and soft tissue structures of the ankle.

Background: Bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices is a fatal event in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Objective: Evaluation the correlation between Helicobacter Pylori infection and risk of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. Patients and Methods: This study was carried out on one hundred (100) patients, suffering from post hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertension: fifty (50) of them presented with esophageogastric varices without bleeding selected from patients coming for screening of esophagogastric varices for anti-hepatitis c virus treatment, and the other fifty (50) presented with acute variceal bleeding. All patients attending to Internal Medicine outpatient’s clinic and Internal Medicine Department of Al-Azhar University Hospital at new Damietta during the period from September 2018, to April 2020. All patients were subjected to complete history, clinical assessment, abdominal ultrasonography, upper GIT endoscope and laboratory investigations. Results: There was a significant relation between H.Pylori infection and the presence of esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage and H. Pylori infection was positive in 92% of the patients in group II, and 24% patients was grade II oseophageal varices, 70% grade III oseophagogastric varices, and 6% grade IV oseophagogastric varices, There was a statistically significant correlation of increased esophageal varices (grade three) in positive H pylori in group II, while in group I detection of H.pylori showed 24% patients were positive, and 76% patients were negative. Endoscopic examination showed 40 patients without esophagogastric varices (80%), 8% patients grade I, 4% patients grade II, 6% patients grade III, 2% patients grade IV, and there was a statistically significant increase on esophageal varices (grade zero) in negative H pylori in group I. Conclusion: Helicobacter Pylori infection helped in the development of portal hypertensive gastropathy as well as its severity, and increased risk of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. So, eradication and treatment of Helicobacter Pylori in all patients with liver cirrhosis helped to decrease risk of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in these patients.

Background: Mitomycin C is an antimetabolite and affects corneal endothelial cells as measured by noncontact specular microscopy after trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C (MMC). Objective: To evaluate the corneal endothelial cells changes after trabeculectomy with MMC. Patients and methods: Patients were categorized into 2 groups, group A(25 eyes) were managed by trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C injection, group B (25 eyes) were managed by trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C sponge-applied technique which was carried out on patients attending at Ophthalmology Department of Al-Azhar University Hospitals from March 2019 to February 2021. Follow-up by specular microscopy preoperatively and 1 month and 6 months postoperatively to evaluate corneal endothelial cells density and morphological changes. Results: There was a significant reduction in the endothelial cell density and percentage of hexagonal cells and increased variation in cell size in the two studied groups after 1 month and 6 months compared with preoperative values. With no differences between the two studied groups. Conclusion: Trabeculectomy with both MMC injection and sponge applied caused a significant loss of the corneal endothelial cells intraoperatively or at the early postoperative period. Progressive cell losses due to MMC were not a major concern.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an unpredictable autoimmune disease that causes damage to the central nervous system including brain, spinal cord and optic nerve. This damage occurs as the body’s immune system attack the protective coating called myelin around nerve fibers in the central nervous system. It can affect different aspects of a person’s physical and cognitive functioning. Multiple Sclerosis is a complex, chronic disease that necessitates the support of a knowledgeable and concerned team of healthcare providers. This study aimed to assess the relation between upper extremity motor function among patients with MS with fatigue and cognitive impairment. Descriptive correlational research design was conducted on sixty adult patients with the diagnosis of MS who were admitted the MS Outpatient Clinic of El-Hadara Hospital in Alexandria. Four tools were used for collecting data: Tool I: Demographic and clinical data tool, tool II: Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, tool III: Multiple sclerosis Neuropsychological screening questionnaire, and Tool IV: Fatigue assessment tool. Results of the present study revealed that moderate disability of the upper extremity was the most disability level encountered representing more than one third among the study sample (36.7%) , furthermore; more than two third (73.3%) the study sample often having cognitive problems, suffering from severe fatigue (36.7%) and fatigue partially interfered with their quality of life(46.7%). Additionally, there was no significant relation between studied patients' motor function of upper extremity and their cognitive function p=0.54. On the other hand, there was a significant relation between studied patients' motor function of upper extremity and fatigue severity level, and effect of fatigue on their quality of life. Accordingly, conducting a comprehensive assessment of patients' upper extremity motor function, cognitive function, and fatigue level among patients with MS is necessary to determine the degree of suffering; this will help the nurses to predict their functional status and the effect of MS on their quality of life.

The present study aimed to clarify the alternations in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), phosphorus (Ph), calcium (Ca), and metabolic hormones (Growth hormones (GH), insulin, and thyroid gland hormones) in singleton, twin, and triplet pregnancy in goats. Animals were examined for pregnancy ultrasonographically during mid-pregnancy (6-14 weeks of gestation), and were classified conferring to litter size into singleton (n =55), twin (n=25) and triple (n=6) pregnancy, and non-pregnant status (n=64). Blood samples (5 ml) were collected before ultrasound examination and serum was separated for analysis of alpha-fetoprotein, phosphorus, calcium, and GH, insulin, T3, and T4. The current data showed that the fetal numbers markedly influenced AFP, Ph, Ca, GH, insulin, T3 levels, but did not affect T4 and Ph/Ca ratio. AFP levels were higher in twin (P< 0.05) and triple (P< 0.001) bearing does than in non-pregnant does (56.00±5.00 and 87.00±1.90 vs 3.80±.051 ng/ml). Phosphorus and Ca levels declined with pregnancy, with the substantial decreased in multiple feti compared with non-pregnant does. Growth hormone imminently raised in twine and triple fetuses than non-pregnant does. Insulin levels elevated in triple compared to non- pregnant and singleton (P< 0.005). Serum free T3 levels were lower in single and twin bearing does than non-pregnancy. In conclusion, fetal number markedly influenced the dam metabolic profile and mineral homostatis through altering AFP and metabolic hormones levels during pregnancy in goats.

This descriptive analytic study is a part of a nation-wide project aiming at assessment the pattern of current clinical practice in Increased incidence of surgical site infections in the inpatient ward at El-Nasr hospital in Port Said Governorate and to compare this pattern with standard international guidelines in Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare (2020) and Core components for infection prevention and control programmers fever, chills , pus from the wound site, Signs of infection at the wound site (pain, redness, delayed healing, redness, or tenderness) etc. The study included 300 clinically of patients with increasing of infection, that lead to your healthcare provider will prescribe antibiotics to fight the infection in Port Said Governorate. Data was collected between September 2020 and December 2020. We concluded that further work is needed to optimize and prevention of infection patients according to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.

Background- Applying a shared governance strategy could develop collaboration between health care personnel, increase their confidence; develop their personal and professional skills; and increase their professional profile and accountability. Purpose– developing a suggested shared governance strategy for Suez Canal University hospital, Egypt: through, measuring shared governance among health care personnel at the hospital, analyzing the shared governance, and developing and validating a shared governance strategy. Design/methodology/approach– a methodological design was utilized to conduct the study. the study sample was composed of 825 health care personnel with different categories (Physicians, Accountants, Nurses, Pharmacists, Dieticians, and Social workers). Index of Professional Governance was used and a suggested shared governance strategy was developed and validated. The fieldwork lasted from April to October 2019. Findings– The study revealed that health care personnel' ages ranged between 30 and 40 years, median 35.0, Their median years of total and hospital experience were 11.0 years. 71.5% of them reported that hospital governance has done primarily by hospital management with some staff input. As well, the highest percentages of them reported the same results regarding all shared governance dimensions. The shared governance among health care personnel at Suez Canal University hospitals was generally low, the hospital had the dominant in total scores of governance 96.6% and all shared governance dimensions. Originality/value– Despite the vast number of published researches that dealt with Shared governance as a decentralized approach that gives nurses greater authority and control over their practice, there is a limited focus in studying shared governance among healthcare personnel as a whole, especially the university hospitals, which represent scientific models in providing ideal care. Recommendations, it is a priority for university hospitals to enhance the application of the suggested shared governance strategy or a suitable governance model that focuses on strong leadership and a sound shared governance infrastructure; for allowing a professional practice environment.

Canine parvovirus(CPV2) is considered one of the serious and problematic diseases in young puppies, it remains a common and vital reason for morbidity and mortality in puppies, with very low survival rates in untreated dogs. It causes hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis in affected dogs. CPV2 has three antigenic variants CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c—have been described, which are determined by variations at residue 426 of the VP2 capsid protein. The aim of the present study was to detect CPV-2 in feces of clinically diseased diarrheic puppies by rapid Immunochromatographic test (ICT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One hundred fecal samples were collected from clinically suspected dogs with CPV-2 in three different provinces and test by ICT then make extraction of DNA and examined by PCR. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed in 45 suspected clinical cases (45 %) by rapid test (ICT) and 86 % by PCR using common and specific primers sets for detection of CPV2.

Background: Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a dangerous disease in neonates and is accompanied by neonatal complications and death. Objective: The aim of this study was the early determination of neonatal serum vitamin A levels as a possible novel predictor for neonatal RDS. Patients and Methods: A case-control study with the identification number TCTR20210206001, was performed on 100 neonates who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Tanta University Hospital (TUH) suffering from RDS (patient group) and 100 healthy neonates (control group). Estimation of serum vitamin A (retinol) was made for all neonates of this study within the first four hours after birth before any nutrition or therapies. Results: Showed The results showed no significant difference between serums retinol (RT) levels in grade 1 & 2 RDS neonates (patient group) and the serum RT levels in the control group, while there was a significant difference between serums retinol levels in grade 3 & 4 RDS neonates (patient group) and the serum retinol levels in the control group where the P-value was 0.006 and 0.002 respectively.no significant difference between serums retinol (RT) levels in grade 1&2 RDS neonates (patient group) and the serum RT levels in the control group while there was significant difference between serums retinol levels in grade 3&4 RDS neonates (patient group) and the serum retinol levels in the control group where the P-value was 0.006, 0.002 respectively. Conclusion: Serum vitamin A levels in neonates were found to be decreased in RDS neonates and could be used as a predictor for the development and severity of RDS. Recommendation: It is recommended to carry out routine estimation of serum vitamin A levels in neonates as a novel predictor for neonatal RDS.

Objectives Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Conventional methods of cancer therapy are either invasive or have undesirable side effects. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic strategies to control the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, such as cell-based therapies, is a key issue for prolonging patient survival. In this study, we aimed to evaluate tumor suppressive effects of mesenchymal stem cells on the in vivo progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in murine model. Materials and methods Hepatocellular carcinoma was induced in 40 rats with diethylnitrosamine. Rats were divided into 4 groups: 1 group injected with diethylnitrosamine only, 1 group injected with diethylnitrosamine and 1 dose of rat bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells, 1 group injected with diethylnitrosamine and 2 doses of rat bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells, and 1 group was injected with diethylnitrosamine and 3 doses of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Rats were killed after 1 month of dose 3. Liver specimens were histopathologically examined, and serum samples were examined for liver function and cytokines. Results Histopathological examination revealed that mesenchymal stem cell transplant induced liver regeneration. It also improved liver function as revealed by decreased levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase. Mesenchymal stem cells also repaired the immunopathology of the liver environment, as it decreased levels of interleukin 2 and 10, tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon γ. Conclusions Mesenchymal stem cell infusion significantly enhanced hepatic structure and function of livers in a rat hepatocellular carcinoma model.

Background: Early rehabilitation after knee arthroscopic surgery is needed to improve functional recovery which is achieved by ideal analgesia.The aim of the work: This study aimed to compare between safety and efficacy of fascia iliaca block [FIB] and adductor canal block [ACB] using ultrasound guidance for post-operative analgesia and motor affection of quadriceps muscle after knee arthroscopic surgeries.Patients and Methods: Sixty patients of American Society of Anesthesiologist [ASA] I and II were included. They were scheduled for elective knee arthroscopic surgeries between April 2017 and October 2018. They were selected from Al-Azhar University Hospital [Damietta, Egypt]. They were randomly allocated to receive either FIB or ACB by bupivacaine 0.25 with ultrasound guidance. Their pain, and sensory block were assessed before and after procedure. The time for first analgesic request and total consumed analgesics were documented.Results: At 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours, there were no significant differences among the mean value of Numerical Rating Scale [NRS] between FIB and ACB. The first time to introduce morphine and total morphine consumption showed no significant differences between FIB and ACB. There was significant motor affection of FIB in comparison with ACB.Conclusion: FIB and ACB provided effective and safe postoperative analgesia for patients scheduled for knee arthroscopic surgeries, with sparing of quadriceps muscle strength and early ambulation in ACB patients.

Most research activities in the nuclear mining industries are directed to separation of heavy and radioactive minerals from rocks and sediments. This process is completed without utilizing tailing and mineral waste materials. Tailing materials containing radioactive wastes are considered as a major environmental problem; especially with increasing the exploration of metals and lower grade mineral deposits. In the present work, borosilicate glass could be prepared for immobilizing these nuclear wastes in the designing compositions by melting at 1200–1250 °C. NaI (TI) gamma-ray spectroscopy system was used to detect 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K concentrations in tailing materials and prepared glass to emphasize their safe dose. The produced glass was characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, and UV spectrophotometer. Vickers hardness and leaching properties were also studied. The results showed that compact - structured glass with high durability towards groundwater was obtained. All studied environmental parameters indicated that the glass radiation dose was lower compared to international averages, thus the glass can be safely used in nuclear waste immobilization.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a contagious disease that causes exceptional effect on healthcare organizations worldwide with dangerous impact on medical services within the hospitals. Because of the fast spread of COVID-19, the healthcare facilities could be a big source of disease infection. So, healthcare video consultations should be used to decrease face-to-face communication between clinician and patients. Healthcare video consultations may be beneficial for some COVID-19 conditions and reduce the need for face-to-face contact with a potentially positive patient without symptoms. These conditions are like top clinicians who provide remote consultations to develop treatment methodology and follow-up remotely, patients who consult about COVID-19, and those who have mild symptoms suggestive of the COVID-19 virus. Video consultations are a supplement to, and not a substitute for, telephone consultations. It may also form part of a broader COVID-19 distance care strategy that contains computerized screening, separation of possibly infectious patients within medical services, and computerized video-intensive observing of their intensive care that helps reduce mixing. Nowadays, the spread of the COVID-19 virus helps to expand the use of video healthcare consultations because it helps to exchange experiences and remote medical consultations, save costs and health procedures used to cope with the pandemic of the COVID-19 virus, and monitor the progress of treatment plans, moment by moment from a distance with precision, clarity and ease. From this perspective, this paper introduces a high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) ChaCha20-based selective encryption (SE) scheme for secure healthcare video Consultations. The proposed HEVC ChaCha20-based SE scheme uses the ChaCha20 for encrypting the sign bits of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Motion Vector Difference (MVD) in the HEVC entropy phase. The main achievement of HEVC ChaCha20-based SE scheme is encrypting the most sensitive video bits with keeping low delay time, fixed bit rate of the HEVC, and format compliance. Experimental tests guarantee that the proposed HEVC ChaCha20-based SE scheme can ensure the confidentiality of the healthcare video consultations which has become easy to transmit through the internet. © 2021 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

Many health networks became increasingly interactive in implementing a consulting approach to telemedicine before the COVID-19 pandemic. To mitigate patient trafficking and reduce the virus exposure in health centers, several GPs, physicians and people in the video were consulted during the pandemic at the start. Video and smartphone consultations will allow well-insulated and high-risk medical practitioners to maintain their patient care security. Video appointments include diabetes, obesity, hypertension, stroke, mental health, chemotherapy and chronic pain. Many urgent diseases, including an emergency triage for the eye, may also be used for online consultations and triages. The COVID-19 pandemic shows that healthcare option for healthy healthcare and the potential to increase to a minimum, such as video consultations, have grown quickly. The dissemination of COVID-19 viruses now aims at extending the use of Video-Health Consultations by exchanging insights and simulations of health consultations and saving costs and healthcare practices as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our paper focuses on video consulting privacy. This essay further presents the advantages and inconveniences of video consultation and its implementation. This paper suggests the most recent video encryption method known as high efficiency video coding selective encryption (HEVC SE). Our video consultation schema has been improved to secure video streaming on a low calculation overhead, with the same bit rate and to ensure compatibility with the video format. The contribution is made with RC5, a low complexity computer, to encrypt subsets of bin-strings binarized in the HEVC sense using the context adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) method through the bypass binary arithmetic coding. This sequence of binstrings consists of a non-zero differential transforming cosine (DCT) coefficient bit, MVD sign bits, remainder absolute DCT suffixes and absolute MVD suffixes. This paper also examines the efficiency assessment of the use of the RC5 with its modes of operations in the HEVC CABAC SE proposed. This study chooses the best operating mode for RC5 to be used for the healthcare video consultation application. Security analysis, such as histogram analysis, correlation coefficient testing and key sensitivity testing, is presented to protect against brute force and statistical attacks for the proposed schema.

Background: Obesity-induced inflammation facilitates depression and premenstrual tension syndrome. Hypoxia is a common feature of inflammation. Hypoxia inducible factors adapt cells to low oxygen tension and inflammation. Objectives: We aimed to see how obesity, along with Amiloride, Hydrochlorothiazide, Metformin, calorie restriction, and walking exercise, affected psychosomatic characteristics of premenstrual tension syndrome, during a six-month period.Patients and methods: A prior ethical committee approval and informed patients’ consent were taken. This study was performed in Tanta University, Egypt from May 2019 to December 2019. This study aims at evaluating the effects of obesity-induced inflammatory mediators on psychosomatic effects in women having premenstrual tension syndrome. Effects of combined therapy using (Metformin, Amiloride. Hydrochloride/ Hydrochlorthiazide, caloric restriction, half an hour of walking exercise per day, and Vitazinc capsules) treatment was compared to the same combined therapy including Royal vitamin G treatment (instead of Vitazinc) on alleviating psychosomatic manifestations of premenstrual tension syndrome. Sixty obese women having premenstrual tension syndrome were categorized into younger age group (18-39 years) and older age (40-48 years) versus a non-obese age-matched control group. Body mass index in addition to serum tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and receptor activator of nuclear factor- kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) were assessed. Related psychosomatic manifestations of premenstrual tension syndrome (edema, anxiety, and fatigue) were also assessed. Results: Obesity significantly increased serum TNF-α (p < 0.01), HIF-1 α (p < 0.01) and RANKL (p < 0.01). Obesity-induced biochemical effects were higher in older obese women than younger ones. Obesity significantly exaggerated the severity of investigated psychosomatic manifestations (p < 0.001). Both combined therapies (including either Vitazinc or Royal vitamin G) significantly and dramatically decreased the percentage of cases having psychosomatic manifestations (p < 0.001) that was closely related to the decreased serum biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Combined therapy containing Royal vitamin G significantly improved serum biochemical parameters and psychosomatic manifestations better than combined therapy containing Vitazinc.

The dissemination of the COVID-19 viruses now extends the usage of video consultations to share perspectives and virtual medical consultations, save expenses and health procedures, track the success of care proposals with detail, consistency, and ease from moment to time. The research aims to study the secur-ity of video consultations. We will also present the advantages and disadvantages of video consultations and the complications of their implementation. This paper mainly proposes a practical, high-efficiency video encoding technique for the new video encoding technique (HEVC) used in video consultations. The technology offered uses the RC5 block encryption algorithm for encrypting the sensitive bits of HEVC with low complexity, short encoding times in real-time implementa-tions, format-compliant HEVC, and constant bitrate. In addition, this paper pre-sents experimental results comparing the proposed HEVC RC5-based selective encryption (SE) algorithm with the other algorithms used in various operating modes using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Also, this paper provides the security analysis of the proposed HEVC RC5-based SE algorithm for video consultation, including;the correlation analysis between the ciphered video and the original one, the histogram of the ciphered video, and the cipher cycle analysis. The security analysis results ensured that the proposed HEVC RC5-based SE algorithm for video consultation is safe and stable.

Mabahiss Bay and Safaga Bay are two important ports along the Red Sea coast of Egypt. The present study is the first to monitor halogen concentrations in these two ports. Certain halogens (F, Cl, Br and I) in coastal waters and sediments exhibited different behaviors. Fluoride (1.92–8.31 mg/L and 0.34–1.24 mg/g), chloride (20.76–22.68 g/L and 0.38–8.31 mg/g), bromide (95.90–151.84 mg/l and 6.66–50.61 mg/g), and iodide (2.77–39.19 μg/L and 1.71–3.76 μg/g) appeared in the seawater and sediments of Mabahiss Bay, respectively. In Safaga Bay, F, Cl, Br and I yielded ranges of (1.80–10.15 mg/L and 0.14–0.74 mg/g), (21.47–22.57 g/L and 0.68–1.42 mg/g), (15.98–146.51 mg/L and 6.13–74.59 mg/g) in seawater and sediments, respectively. In Mabashis Bay exclusively, the bromide and iodide levels in seawater increased significantly, and the sediments were vice versa. The average fluoride value in the two ports' seawater was higher than that in the unpolluted Mediterranean Sea. In contrast, the average bromide content in Mabahiss Bay seawater exceeded the Mediterranean Sea level. The seawater chloride content of the two ports was within the Mediterranean seawater's value, but the iodide concentration was lower than that of the unpolluted seawater. The application of different multivariate statistical techniques showed that halogen's distribution and halogen's geochemical characteristics control interaction in each region, ground flux, and proximity to human sources.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection was initially acknowledged as a global pandemic in Wuhan in China. World Health Organization (WHO) stated that the COVID-19 is an epidemic that causes a 3.4% death rate. Chest X-Ray (CXR) and Computerized Tomography (CT) screening of infected persons are essential in diagnosis applications. There are numerous ways to identify positive COVID-19 cases. One of the fundamental ways is radiology imaging through CXR, or CT images. The comparison of CT and CXR scans revealed that CT scans are more effective in the diagnosis process due to their high quality. Hence, automated classification techniques are required to facilitate the diagnosis process. Deep Learning (DL) is an effective tool that can be utilized for detection and classification this type of medical images. The deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can learn and extract essential features from different medical image datasets. In this paper, a CNN architecture for automated COVID-19 detection from CXR and CT images is offered. Three activation functions as well as three optimizers are tested and compared for this task. The proposed architecture is built from scratch and the COVID-19 image datasets are directly fed to train it. The performance is tested and investigated on the CT and CXR datasets. Three activation functions: Tanh, Sigmoid, and ReLU are compared using a constant learning rate and different batch sizes. Different optimizers are studied with different batch sizes and a constant learning rate. Finally, a comparison between different combinations of activation functions and optimizers is presented, and the optimal configuration is determined. Hence, the main objective is to improve the detection accuracy of COVID-19 from CXR and CT images using DL by employing CNNs to classify medical COVID-19 images in an early stage. The proposed model achieves a classification accuracy of 91.67% on CXR image dataset, and a classification accuracy of 100% on CT dataset with training times of 58 min and 46 min on CXR and CT datasets, respectively. The best results are obtained using the ReLU activation function combined with the SGDM optimizer at a learning rate of 10-5 and a minibatch size of 16. © 2022 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

In developing countries, medical diagnosis is expensive and time consuming. Hence, automatic diagnosis can be a good cheap alternative. This task can be performed with artificial intelligence tools such as deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). These tools can be used on medical images to speed up the diagnosis process and save the efforts of specialists. The deep CNNs allow direct learning from the medical images. However, the accessibility of classified data is still the largest challenge, particularly in the field of medical imaging. Transfer learning can deliver an effective and promising solution by transferring knowledge from universal object detection CNNs to medical image classification. However, because of the inhomogeneity and enormous overlap in intensity between medical images in terms of features in the diagnosis of Pneumonia and COVID-19, transfer learning is not usually a robust solution. Single-Image Super-Resolution (SISR) can facilitate learning to enhance computer vision functions, apart from enhancing perceptual image consistency. Consequently, it helps in showing the main features of images. Motivated by the challenging dilemma of Pneumonia and COVID-19 diagnosis, this paper introduces a hybrid CNN model, namely SIGTra, to generate super-resolution versions of X-ray and CT images. It depends on a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for the super-resolution reconstruction problem. Besides, Transfer learning with CNN (TCNN) is adopted for the classification of images. Three different categories of chest X-ray and CT images can be classified with the proposed model. A comparison study is presented between the proposed SIGTra model and the other related CNN models for COVID-19 detection in terms of precision, sensitivity, and accuracy. © 2021 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

Crowd monitoring analysis has become an important challenge in academic researches ranging from surveillance equipment to people behavior using different algorithms. The crowd counting schemes can be typically processed in two steps, the images ground truth density maps which are obtained from ground truth density map creation and the deep learning to estimate density map from density map estimation. The pandemic of COVID-19 has changed our world in few months and has put the normal human life to a halt due to its rapid spread and high danger. Therefore, several precautions are taken into account during COVID-19 to slowdown the new cases rate like maintaining social distancing via crowd estimation. This manuscript presents an efficient detection model for the crowd counting and social distancing between visitors in the two holy mosques, Al Masjid Al Haram in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in Medina. Also, the manuscript develops a secure crowd monitoring structure based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) model using real datasets of images for the two holy mosques. The proposed framework is divided into two procedures, crowd counting and crowd recognition using datasets of different densities. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model, some metrics are employed for crowd analysis, which proves the monitoring efficiency of the proposed model with superior accuracy. Also, it is very adaptive to different crowd density levels and robust to scale changes in several places.

Although the understanding of the mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of bone is continuously improving, as yet it's far from complete. So, this paper represents an experimental study about the effect of static and dynamic loads under different parameters on intact bone and human hip joints. The same test will be applied on the human hip joints after insertion of the artificial femur component in the bone. A special test-rig was designed in order to fix both natural and artificial implant and expose them to a state of loading similar in magnitude and direction to that encountered in the human-being.A comparison between the stress-strain distribution of the intact and artificially implanted bones were conducted by using strain gauges. The results showed that the stresses were reversed after insertion of the artificial femoral component and the stresses were maximum at the near of the tip of the prothesis. Also, the absence of the collar-calcar causes a severe reduction of the stresses which may be due to important metabolic changes.

Background: Imaging plays a very important role in the diagnosis of renal infection. It assists diagnosis and differentiates between different types of renal infection. It also helps to detect and manage the associated complications through image-guided drainage and aspiration. Contrast-enhanced CT is the most useful study. A contrast-enhanced study is essential for a complete evaluation of patients with renal inflammatory disease to demonstrate alterations in the renal parenchymal perfusion and excretion of the contrast material, which occur as a result of the inflammatory process. Objective: To detect the role of multidetector CT in diagnosis of renal infection. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted on sixty patients. The study was carried out at Diagnostic Radiology Departments of Menoufia University Hospital. The patients were presenting with fever (< 38°C) mainly and loin pain. Results: From 60 patients with renal infection, 18 cases were diagnosed as pyonephrosis, 16 cases were diagnosed as renal abscess, 12 cases were diagnosed as pyelonephritis, 4 cases were diagnosed as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, 4 cases were diagnosed as perinephric abscess, 2 cases were diagnosed as emphysematous pyelonephritis, 2 cases were diagnosed as fungal ball, 2 cases were diagnosed as urinoma. The mean age was (39.4 ± 15.7). Conclusion: Contrast enhanced computed tomography is a perfect diagnostic modality to assess the severity of inflammatory process and reaching the diagnosis of renal infection. It also helps to reach the cause, predisposing factors, associations, complications and the extent of the disease.

Background: A thorough clinical breast examination, imaging, and tissue sampling are needed for a definitive diagnosis of breast diseases. Contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) is the second type of advanced technology stemming from the digital platform (the first being tomosynthesis) that proved to be promising in this field. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of contrast enhanced digital mammography in diagnosis of breast masses. Patients and Methods: The study included 30 participants who visited the hospital for assessing their complaints of breast masses during the period from May 2019 to May 2020 after taking their consent. Results: The contrast enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) proved that 17 patients (56.7%) proved with malignant masses, 10 (33.3%) benign and 3 (10%) normal that was confirmed by final diagnosis of these cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the CEDM (100%, 92.86%) respectively, that expresses high levels of both parameters. Conclusion: CEDM has higher diagnostic value that can enhance the process of early cancer diagnosis, postoperative follow up, and treatment plans.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Sofosbuvir has been approved as the first nonstructural protein 5B polymerase inhibitor with pan-genotypic activity against the hepatitis C (HCV) virus. Daclatasvir is a first-in-class hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A replication complex inhibitor. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the reference single nucleotide polymorphism (rs12979860) interleukin 28B (CC genotype) for predicting sustained virological response to sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir in Egyptian patients infected with HCV-4. METHODS Samples were collected at week zero. One hundred and thirty-one patients who reached the end of treatment (at week 12) were divided into three groups, according to their interleukin 28B genotype: Group A included 31 patients (CC genotype), group B included 79 patients (CT genotype) and group C had 21 patients (TT genotype). All patients received treatment for 3 months in the form of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir with ribavirin (in case of cirrhotic patients) or without ribavirin (in case of non-cirrhotic patients). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Sustained virological response rate was significantly higher in patients with IL28B (CC genotype) vs. (non-CC genotype) (100 vs.88%) (p

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common dangerous chest problem that is caused by a lack of surfactant. Aim: The aim of this study was to show the role of zinc as an adjuvant anti-inflammatory therapy in neonatal RDS. Objective: To study the effect of zinc supplementation in cases of neonatal RDS. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) study was done on 90 neonates suffering from respiratory distress (RD) who had been diagnosed as RDS. The included neonates were classified into two groups: group 1, which received Zinc (Zn) supplementation, and group 2, which received a placebo. Down score, grades of RDS Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) andInterleukin-8 (IL-8) were estimated on the 1st and 5th day in the presence of incubators. Results: There were statistically significant differences (SSD) in grades of RDS, Down score, MDA, SOD and IL-8 on the 5th day between group 1 and 2(p = 0.001), and between 1st and 5th day in group 1 (p = 0.001) in the presence of an incubator. There was an SSD between groups 1 and 2 in the duration of hospitalization (p = 0.001) and the number of cases that needed mechanical ventilation (MV) (p = 0.049). Conclusion: Zn supplementation is associated with clinical and laboratory improvement in cases of neonatal RDS. Recommendation: Zn supplementation for RDS neonates.

Peptic ulcer is one of the world’s major gastrointestinal disorders and affecting 10% of the world population. An estimated 15000 deaths occur each year as a consequence of peptic ulcer. The cost of treatment for peptic ulcers is expensive and has side effects. So, it is necessary to conduct research to develop new therapeutic agents for the treatment of stomach ulcers. It is known that medicinal plants are important sources of biologically active molecules with the genetic ability of anti-ulcer. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using gum arabic Acacia senegal and Moringa oleifera extracts on treatment of peptic ulcer in the experimental rats. Fifty rats were divided into 8 groups (6/each group). One group feeds the basic diet only (positive control group, G+). The remaining 44 rats were infected by aspirin solution to induce peptic ulcer in their stomach. One group of these rats feeds the basic diet only (negative control group, G-). Three groups G1, G2 and G3 feed on the basic diet + gum arabic extract (500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg of rat weight). The other groups G4, G5, G6 feed the basic diet+ Moringa oleifera extract (800, 1000 and 1200 mg/kg of rat weight). At the end of the experiment (6 weeks), rats were fasted for 12 hours before slaughtering, blood samples were collected to obtain the serum, the stomach was separated for examination and gastric juice was collected to determine the (PH). The results indicated that rats in groups G6 and G3 had the highest increase in number of their WBC and in their HP as compared to (G+). Histological study revealed the absence of histopathological changes in G3 and G6 , while other groups showed mucosal vascular congestion and submucosal edema with inflammatory cell infiltration.

Background: Mobile-based nursing intervention is a trial to enable children to be safe during the COVID-19 epidemic especially those children with chronic kidney disease and who have no immunity. Now days using mobile becomes a part of universal technology for improving the care of children with such conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mobile-based nursing intervention on preventive measures of COVID-19 among children suffering from chronic kidney diseases. Design: A quasi-experimental design was adopted. Sample: A purposive sample including 70 children suffering from chronic kidney diseases with predetermined criteria (receive regular kidney dialysis, have no history of previous COVID-19 or previous kidney disease complications and well-being mental health) setting: The study was conducted at the Pediatric Kidney Dialysis Unit at Sohag University Hospital. Tools for data collection: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data concerning characteristics of the studied children (pre/posttest questionnaire) as well as to assess the level of child knowledge regarding mobile intervention, preventive measures of COVID-19 and dialysis therapy, a checklist to assess reported practice as regards preventive measure of COVID-19. And Mobile-based nursing intervention which had been designed by the researchers. Results: There was a statistically significant difference towards using mobile-based nursing intervention in the area of children's knowledge and practice about COVID-19 preventive measures at post-intervention compared to pre-intervention. Conclusion: Mobile-based nursing intervention had a positive effect on improving preventive measures of COVID-19 among children suffering from chronic kidney diseases. Recommendations: apply mobile-based intervention in other pediatric kidney dialysis units and hospitals to achieve a better preventive measure of COVID- 19 among children with chronic disease.

Background and study aims: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has always been identified as a major health threat and a potential cause of liver cirrhosis , portal hypertension , and other associated problems. The introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has represented a paradigm shift in HCV management. In this study, we aim to observe the rate of sustained virologic response (SVR12) in a large scale of patients at a single center as well as record the post-treatment changes in the hematologic, hepatic, and renal biochemical profiles. Patients and methods In total, 1933 chronic HCV genotype 4 mono-infected non-HCC patients who completed the treatment with six different DAA regimens in the Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Research Institute (MASRI), were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The rate of sustained virologic response after 12 weeks off-therapy (SVR12) was assessed. The baseline characteristics to predict the SVR12 were then analyzed. The post-treatment changes in many profiles were recorded and analyzed. Results The overall SVR12 rate was 96.2% (after excluding 84 cases who were lost to follow-up). It was achieved in 346/375 patients (92.3%), 466/477 patients (97.7%), 60/62 patients (96.8%), 11/11 patients (100%), 532/545 patients (97.6%), and 445/463 patients (96.1%) who received sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (SOF/DCV), sofosbuvir/daclatasvir/ribavirin (SOF/DCV/RBV), sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV), sofosbuvir/ledipasvir/ribavirin (SOF/LDV/RBV), sofosbuvir/simeprevir (SOF/SMV), and ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/ribavirin (OBV/PTV/r + RBV), respectively. In total, 73 patients (3.8%) failed to achieve SVR12. The baseline aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cirrhotic status, and treatment regimen were determined to have a significant impact on SVR12. In the overall treated population, the levels of serum AST, alanine aminotransferase , albumin , creatinine, bilirubin , and hemoglobin and platelet count improved significantly after treatment. Furthermore, sustained virologic response was strongly related to cirrhosis and its degree. Conclusion The interferon-free DAA regimens offered high SVR12 rates in Egyptian patients with chronic HCV infection. They were associated with a significant improvement in the hematologic, hepatic, and renal biochemical profiles. The baseline AST, liver cirrhosis, and treatment regimen might have an impact on achieving SVR.

Monoblock prestressed concrete sleepers are the most dominant type of sleepers in ballasted railway tracks. As such, it is important to provide optimized designs to the concrete sleepers and the associated fastening systems to ameliorate railway safety and to save both capital and maintenance funds. Therefore, a three-dimensional finite element railway model was created and verified. The response of both concrete sleepers and fastening components to coupling vertical and lateral loading was quantified. Such loading form typically occurs at horizontal railway sections causing damage to the railway track components. The influences of the sleeper spacing, elastic modulus of the rail pad, and friction coefficient at the contact surfaces of the rail and sleeper with the rail pad under varied lateral loadings were investigated. The interaction influence between parameters was thoroughly discussed. Among the studied parameters, the finite element model outcomes showed that the elastic modulus of the rail pad and the coefficient of friction are the most critical parameters with respect to the lateral load path and the local response of concrete sleeper and fastening system, especially at high lateral loadings. By using a relatively soft rail pad (elastic modulus = 100 MPa), the concrete material remained below the compressive and tensile fatigue limits even under high lateral loadings provided that the coefficient of friction remains limited to 0.3. By contrast, for a given lateral to vertical loading ratio, a continuous increase in the developed stresses of the concrete material and rail pad was detected as the elastic modulus changed from 100 MPa to 2000 MPa and the coefficient of friction increased from 0.3 to 0.9. The influence of sleeper spacing on the behaviour of railway tracks is only tangible on the distribution of the vertical wheel load. Lastly, the peak stress magnitudes of the ballast bed could be increased by 50% as the lateral to vertical loading ratio reached 0.6 compared to the case where the lateral load is absent. The experience gained from this article would help to formulate specific recommendations to improve the design of concrete sleepers, fastening systems, and ballast bed.

Background: Patient involvement in health care is a basic patient's right. Effective communication between the health care professional and the patient is associated with improved psychological functioning of the patient, adherence to treatment, and higher quality of life. Objective(s): This study aims to explore qualitatively breast cancer patients’ experience and satisfaction with their involvement in cancer care. Methods: This study was carried out among 30 women in different breast cancer care stages through in depth-interviews. The patients were purposively selected from surgery and oncology outpatient clinics and surgery inpatient wards in Medical Research Institute Hospital- Alexandria University, and in Ayadi El-Mostakbal Cancer Care Center - Ayadi El-Mostakbal Charity Foundation, Alexandria, Egypt. Results: Some patients mentioned that they did not know their diagnosis until late, others complained of the harsh non-empathetic way of breaking the news of their disease. Patients, generally, reported a little understanding of their treatment plan, they just followed physician’s instructions without receiving enough explanation. Patients on chemotherapy and radiotherapy expressed their unsatisfied need for information. Patients’ source of information was mainly other patients who suffered from the same disease. Patients, in general, were not familiar with the concept of giving feedback, it was perceived by the majority of them as equivalent to complaining. Some patients believed that complaining could put them in trouble such as receiving harsh blame or even delaying their medication. Conclusion: Patients’ narratives revealed poor involvement in health care and showed dissatisfaction of the majority of patients with their level of involvement.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal anomalies are structural defects and incomplete or abnormal development of digestive organs can cause blockages, vomiting and problems with bowel movements. Nurses identify problems and implement nursing care for children undergoing gastrointestinal surgeries. The study was aimed at assessing nurses' knowledge and practices towards caring of children undergoing gastrointestinal. Design: A descriptive design was utilized in conducting the study. Settings: This study was conducted at two different settings, surgical departments of a pediatric hospital affiliated to Ain- Shams University Hospitals, and Abou El -Resh EL- Monera hospital affiliated to Cairo University hospital Subjects: Purposive sample composed of all (60) available nurses in the previously mentioned settings. Tools, A questionnaire sheet, and observation checklists. Results: the study results illustrated that, less than two-thirds of the studied nurses had satisfactory total knowledge, while more than two-thirds of them had competent actual total practice regarding care of children undergoing gastrointestinal surgeries. Conclusion: Nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding care of children undergoing gastrointestinal surgeries were satisfactory knowledge and competent practice by more of them half of the nurses. Recommendation: More continuous monitoring of research to assess nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding care of children undergoing gastrointestinal surgeries.

As estimated by Federation Diabetes Atlas, the number of diabetic patients will reach globally 592 million in 2035. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from deficiency of insulin, its resistance or both. This investigation aimed to explore comparinor the antidiabetic effect of coenzyme Q10 and quercetin on streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in rats. A sum of 24 adult male Albino rats weighing 200±5g each were used and were divided into 4 groups (n= 6 rats). One group kept as (C -ve) and fed on basal diet all over the experimental period (28 days), while the other groups were intraperitoneal injected with streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg once a week for two weeks. One of the diabetic groups was fed basal diet only (C +ve) and the other two diabetic groups were fed on Coenzyme Q10 and Quercetin at a dose of 100mg/kg body weight (b. wt.) each. At the end of the trial, rats were mercy sacrificed and the blood and organs were removed then serum glucose, insulin, TSH, LH, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, T.P, Alb., T.B, AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, Creat., and uric acid were estimated. The results revealed that all hyperglycemic rats with orally administered Coenzyme Q10 and Quercetin at a dose of 100mg/kg b. wt. each, showed significant increase in BWG, FI, FER and HDL, whereas significant decreases in serum glucose, insulin, TSH, LH, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, T.P, Alb., T.B, AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, Creat., and uric acid recorded compared to control positive groups. Furthermore, Coenzyme Q10 induced higher enhancing of improvement rather than quercetin inspite that quercetin has natural healing properties as it is a natural flavonoid. In conclusion, Coenzyme Q10 and Quercetin have antidiabetic effects on streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in rats, indicating higher effect for CoQ10 in spite of singularity for quercetin as a natural flavonoid. دراسة التأثيرات المقارنة المضادة لمرض السکري لمرافق الإنزيم کيو10 والکويرستين في الفئران المصابة بالسکري بواسطة الاستربتوزوتوسين حسب تقديرات اتحاد أطلس السکري، سيصل عدد مرضى السکري عالميا إلى 592 مليونا في عام 2035، ويتميز مرض السکري باضطراب استقلابي لفرط سکر الدم الناتج عن نقص الأنسولين أو مقاومته أو کليهما. استهدف البحث دراسة التأثير المقارن المضاد لمرض السکر لمرافق الإنزيم کيو10 والکويرستين في الفئران المصابة بالسکري بواسطة الاستربتوزوتوسين. تم استخدام عدد 24 فأر ذکر من نوع الالبينو بمتوسط وزن 200±5 جم تم تقسيمهم لاربعة مجموعات (6 فئران بکل مجموعة). ترکت احداهم (6 فئران) کمجموعة ضابطة سالبة وتغذت على العليقة الاساسية طوال فترة التجربة (28 يوم)، بينما تم حقن المجموعات المتبقية بمادة الاستربتوزوتوسين بجرعة 40ملجم من وزن الجسم مرة أسبوعيا لمدة أسبوعين ثم ترکت احداهم بدون علاج لتمثل المجموعة الضابطة الموجبة والتي تم تغذيتها على العليقة الأساسية طوال فترة التجربة، أما المجموعتين المتبقيتين فتم حقنهما فمويا عن طريق الفم باستخدام مرافق الانزيم کيو10 والکويرستين عند جرعة 100 ملجم من وزن الجسم عن طريق الحقن الفموي لکل منهما على حده. وفي نهاية فترة التجربة تم ذبح الفئران ثم تم تجميع الأعضاء وعينات سيرم الدم لتحليل مستويات الجلوکوز والأنسولين في الدم وهرمون الغدة الدرقية (TSH) والهرمون المنشط للجسم الاصفر(LH) والکوليسترول الکلي والدهون الثلاثية والليبوبروتينات المرتفعة والمنخفضة والمنخفضة جدا في الکثافة والبروتين الکلي والالبيومين والبيليروبين الکلي والاسبارتات أمينو ترانس أمينيز والألانين أمينو ترانسفيريز وإنزيم الفوسفاتيز القلوي ونيتروجين اليوريا في الدم والکرياتينين وحمض البوليک. وقد أظهرت النتائج أن جميع الفئران المصابة بارتفاع مستوى السکر في الدم والتي تم حقنها عن طريق الفم بمرافق الانزيم کيو 10 والکيرستين بجرعة 100 مجم / کجم من وزن الجسم زيادة معنوية في الوزن المکتسب والمأخوذ الغذائي ومعدل الاستفادة من الغذاء والليبوبروتينات مرتفعة الکثافية، في حين حدوث انخفاض معنوي في مستويات الجلوکوز والأنسولين في الدم وهرمون الغدة الدرقية (TSH) والهرمون المنشط للجسم الاصفر(LH) والکوليسترول الکلي والدهون الثلاثية والليبوبروتينات منخفضة ومنخفضة جدا في الکثافة والبروتين الکلي والالبيومين والبيليروبين الکلي والاسبارتات أمينو ترانس أمينيز والألانين أمينو ترانسفيريز وإنزيم الفوسفاتيز القلوي ونيتروجين اليوريا في الدم والکرياتينين وحمض البوليک، علاوة على ذلک ، أحدث مرافق الإنزيم کيو 10 تعزيز أعلى من الکويرستين بالرغم من أن الثاني له خصائص علاجية طبيعية لأنه فلافونويد طبيعي. ويمکن استنتاج أن مرافق الإنزيم کيو 10 و الکويرستين قد يکون لهما تأثيرات مضادة لمرض السکري في الفئران المصابة بالسکري بواسطة الاستربتوزوتوسين، مما يشير إلى تأثير وتحسين أعلى لـ مرافق الإنزيم کيو 10 على الرغم من تفرد الکويرستين باعتباره فلافونويد طبيعي. الکلمات المفتاحية: مرافق الإنزيم کيو 10، الکويرستين، الاستربتوزوتوسين، الفئران المصابة بداء السکري.