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This study aimed to explore the quantitative efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using model-based meta-analysis (MBMA).Literatures were retrieved from the public database and data from these trials were extracted. The quantitative efficacy of L-carnitine on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were evaluated by maximal effect (EIn the model of FPG, EIt was the first time to provide valuable quantitative information for efficacy of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Ferroelectric materials are promising for solar energy conversion due to the unique spontaneous polarization effect, leading to effective control of electron-hole recombination and potentially high power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. Herein, the ultrathin ferroelectric hafnia alumina (HfAlO) films were obtained by atomic layer deposition and applied to modify the electron transport layer of PSCs. The XPS and AFM characterizations indicate that the Hf0.39Al0.10O films feature smooth, dense, and compact surface morphology. For the devices incorporating the ultrathin HfAlO films, the oriented ferroelectric effect-induced spontaneous polarization and internal electric field are crucial factors to enhance the charge separation during charge transfer. Accordingly, the short circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) are increased by 11.8%, 9.0%, and 29.8%, respectively. Moreover, the HfAlO incorporating devices retained ~ 80% of the original PCE after 500 h ageing, much better than that of the pristine devices showing the retention of only ~ 50% of the original PCE.

In this case, the acupuncture treatment for open-angle glaucoma patient achieved a significant result. The acupoints Jīngming (睛明BL1), Qiuhou (球后Extra), Fēngchi (风池GB20), and Taichōng (太冲LR3) were used as the main ones plus some symptomatic acupoints. After one course of treatment, the left eye pressure decreased by 12 mmHg compared with that before treatment, the left eye vision improved, and the fundus oozing was significantly reduced. After two courses of treatment, the left eye pressure was below 20 mmHg, left eye vision obviously improved, and the fundus oozing completely disappeared.

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the effects of l-carnitine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and propionyl-l-carnitine on Body Mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies of l-carnitine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and propionyl-l-carnitine in T2DM patients were searched. The change rates of Body Mass index (BMI) from baseline values were used as an evaluation indicator. The maximal effect (Emax) model by non-linear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM) was used as the evaluation method.Results: A total of 10 RCT studies, 1239 T2DM patients were included for analysis, including eight studies of l-carnitine, one study of acetyl-l-carnitine, and one study of propionyl-l-carnitine. The study found that l-carnitine could reduce the Body Mass of T2DM patients. Based on only one study each for acetyl-l-carnitine and propionyl-l-carnitine, no significant effects were found in acetyl-l-carnitine or propionyl-l-carnitine. In addition, in order to achieve a plateau of efficacy (80% Emax), 2 g/day l-carnitine was required for at least 2 weeks.Conclusions: Two g/day l-carnitine was required for at least 2 weeks to affect Body Mass in T2DM patients, and no significant effects were found in acetyl-l-carnitine or propionyl-l-carnitine.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES Dapagliflozin was the first oral treatment approved in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, simultaneously improving body weight. However, the time course and dose effect of dapagliflozin on loss of weight in T1DM patients was still unknown. The present study aimed to investigate quantitative relationship between dapagliflozin and loss of weight in T1DM patients based on Model-based Meta-analysis. METHODS Five dapagliflozin dosage groups, two of them were 5 mg/day and three of them were 10 mg/day, 1612 T1DM patients were analysed with maximal effect (Emax ) model, and evaluation index was change rate of body weight from baseline value. RESULTS In these T1DM patients, dosages were not incorporated into model, indicating no significant dose-response relationship between 5 and 10 mg/day affecting loss of weight. Emax and the treatment duration to reach half of the maximal effects (ET50 ) of dapagliflozin influencing loss of weight in T1DM patients were -4.9% and 10.4 weeks, and the duration to achieve 25%, 50%, 75%, and 80% (plateau) of Emax were 3.5, 10.4, 31.2, and 41.6 weeks. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS It was the first time to explore quantitative relationship between dapagliflozin and loss of weight in T1DM patients. To achieve the plateau period in loss of weight, 5 mg/day dapagliflozin was required for at least 41.6 weeks.

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings were prepared on AA1060 alloy substrate by a galvanostatic regime in an alkaline sodium hexametaphosphate ((NaPO3)6) electrolyte, and the influences of ...

Macrophage-orchestrated, low-grade chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in obesity and atherogenesis. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify major vault protein (MVP), the main component of unique cellular ribonucleoprotein particles, as a suppressor for NF-κB signaling in macrophages. Both global and myeloid-specific MVP gene knockout aggravates high-fat diet induced obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis in mice. The exacerbated metabolic disorders caused by MVP deficiency are accompanied with increased macrophage infiltration and heightened inflammatory responses in the microenvironments. In vitro studies reveal that MVP interacts with TRAF6 preventing its recruitment to IRAK1 and subsequent oligomerization and ubiquitination. Overexpression of MVP and its α-helical domain inhibits the activity of TRAF6 and suppresses macrophage inflammation. Our results demonstrate that macrophage MVP constitutes a key constraint of NF-κB signaling thereby suppressing metabolic diseases., Metabolic diseases are associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation. Here the authors show that major vault protein (MVP) suppresses NF-κB signalling in macrophages via an IRAK1–TRAF6 axis and that loss of MVP in myeloid cells exacerbates the inflammatory response in mice fed a high fat diet.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the time course and dose effect from metformin on body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents by model-based meta-analysis (MBMA). Searching randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies of metformin on BMI in children and adolescents. The change rates of BMI from baseline values were used as indicator of evaluating metformin efficacy. A total of 18 RCT studies, 1,228 children and adolescents, were included for analysis, including patients with obesity, patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver, and patients with precocity. In order to achieve better effect of metformin on BMI in children and adolescents, the present study recommended that for patients with obesity, 1,000 mg/day metformin was required for at least 15.2 weeks and 60.8 weeks to achieve the plateau of metformin effect; for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 1,000 mg/day metformin was required for at least 25.2 weeks and 100.8 weeks to achieve the plateau of metformin effect; for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver, 1,000 mg/day metformin was required for at least 6.57 weeks and 26.28 weeks to achieve the plateau of metformin effect; for patients with precocity, 425 mg/day metformin was required for at least 12.4 weeks and 49.6 weeks to achieve the plateau of metformin effect. It was the first time to analyze the time course and dose effect from metformin on BMI and to recommend dosage and duration of treatment for metformin in children and adolescents with different disease types.

This article studies two main ways of gamut expansion: improving the color purity of the primary color and increasing the number of primary colors. A program for the gamut coverage of the multi- primary color display system is written. The color coordinates of the laser TV developed by ourselves are measured and the actual value of color gamut is calculated. The test data verifies the simulation result.

Background Medication and behavior therapy are the conventional treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but they have limitations for preschool children. Evidence suggests that pediatric tuina, which is a modality of traditional Chinese medicine, might have beneficial effects on this condition. Objective To assess the feasibility of conducting an RCT in terms of recruitment, use, and acceptability of the parent-administered pediatric tuina for ADHD symptoms in preschoolers. Methods It is a single-center, two-arm, parallel, open-label, pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT). Sixty children with pre-specified ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity, anxiety, and sleep disturbance) together with one of their parents will be recruited and randomized into two groups at a 1:1 ratio. Parents in the parent-administered tuina group (intervention group, n = 30) will attend an online training program to learn pediatric tuina skills for ADHD symptoms and conduct this treatment on their children at home. Parents in the parent-child interaction group (comparison group, n = 30) will attend an online training about progressive muscle relaxation exercise and do this exercise with their children at home. Additional teaching materials will be provided to the participants in both groups. Both interventions should be carried out every other day during a 2-month treatment period, with each time around 20 min. Assessment will be performed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. The primary outcome measure is the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham parent scale; the secondary outcomes include preschool anxiety scale, children’s sleep habits questionnaire, and parental stress scale. A process evaluation embedded within the outcome evaluation will be performed. Differences in the scale scores and test parameters between groups will be examined using a linear mixed-effects model. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic content analysis, facilitated by QSR NVivo. Discussion This study will provide evidence on the acceptability and feasibility of pediatric tuina for ADHD in preschool children. The process evaluation will help to better understand the facilitators and barriers of the intervention functioning. Trial registration The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04237259) on 14 February 2020. Protocol version: 2; date, 23 June 2020

Inflammation occurs after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and complement C1q is involved in inflammation. However, studies about the association of complement C1q with AIS are still rare. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between serum C1q concentration and the clinical severity of AIS.A total of 1294 patients were enrolled in our study, including 647 patients with AIS and 647 non-stroke controls. The infarction volume of AIS was assessed by the diameter of maximum transverse section (DMTS) based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of brain magnetic resonance imaging. Neurological impairment was assessed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The association of serum C1q levels with DMTS or NIHSS was investigated by Pearson's or Spearman's correlation analysis.Serum C1q levels of patients with AIS were significantly higher than those of individuals without AIS. Serum levels of C1q were associated with DMTS (r=0.511, p0.001) and NIHSS (r=0.433, p0.001) among patients with AIS.Serum C1q concentration was positively associated with DMTS and NIHSS of patients with AIS.

Background Aging and the chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) challenge the Chinese government in the process of providing hospitalization services fairly and reasonably. The Chinese government has developed the basic medical insurance system to solve the problem of “expensive medical cost and difficult medical services” for vulnerable groups and alleviate the unfair phenomenon. However, few studies have confirmed its effect through longitudinal comparison. This study aimed to explore the trend in the inequity of inpatient use among middle-aged and elderly individuals with NCDs in China. Methods This longitudinal comparative study was based on CHARLS data in 2011, 2013 and 2015. Concentration index (CI) was used to measure the variation trend of inequity of inpatient services utilization, while the decomposition method of the CI was applied to measure the factors contributing to inequity in inpatient services utilization. The effect of each factor on the change of inequity in inpatient services utilization was divided into the change of the elasticity and the change of inequality using the Oaxaca-type decomposition method. Results The affluent middle-aged and elderly patients with NCDs used more inpatient services than poor groups. The per capita household consumption expenditure (PCE) and Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) contributed to the decline in pro-rich inequality of inpatient use, while the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) contributed to the decline in pro-poor inequality of inpatient use. Conclusions There was a certain degree of pro-rich unfairness in the probability and frequency of inpatient services utilization for middle-aged and elderly individuals with NCDs in China. The decrease of pro-wealth contribution of PCE and UEBMI offset the decrease of pro-poor contribution of NRCMS, and improved the equity of inpatient services utilization, favoring poor people.

An improved design of a dual-band circularly polarized (CP) square loop antenna under even-mode resonance is presented in this paper. The designed antenna is fed by a pair of orthogonal dipole launcher with fork-like stubs and connected with a simple balun above the ground plane. Four L-shaped tuning stubs can simultaneously excite the first two, odd-order even-modes. An approximate dual-band ratio design formula is also deduced by using data fitting technique. The proposed antenna exhibits identical CP sensing at its two resonant modes. The proposed approach is expected to get applications in dual-band circularly polarized antenna designs.

Numerous methods that generate time-varying speckle patterns have been used unsuccessfully to eliminate speckle. In this study, the speckle influence degree (SID) method is used in conjunction with a measurement system that emulates the human eyes. Time-varying speckle patterns are generated at different velocities, whereby the correlation degree between the speckle patterns, the correlation time, and SID, are calculated as a function of velocity. It is shown that the correlation time is 6 ms and SID is reduced to 6.4% when the velocity is increased up to 40 μ m ∕ ms . Further, when a chip motor with a velocity of 286 μ m ∕ ms is used to modulate speckle patterns, the correlation time and SID are reduced to 1 ms and 3.2%, respectively. Based on these results, the mechanism of time-varying speckle patterns is quantified for the first time, laying a scientific basis for proposing innovative methods of speckle elimination.

The interest conflict is an important factor affecting the supply chain (SC) performance, so it is very important to set up a reasonable coordination mechanism to eliminate the SC conflicts. Considering the fact that suppliers' effort performance level and fairness concern behavior are important factors affecting SC performance, we can develop SC models to analyze and compare SC decisions under the centralized decision and decentralized decision, and then we design a SC coordination mechanism through cost sharing. The results show that the designed coordination mechanism can effectively solve the conflict problem of SC, mobilize SC members’ motivation and initiative without damaging their profits, and realize the long-term cooperation between the retailer and multi-suppliers. It also can achieve the Pareto improvement and the sustainable development of SC.

Speckle contrast (SC) is universally used to evaluate speckle in laser display, which has virtues of briefness in calculating and definitude in physical meaning. But the results characterized by SC is usually inconsistent with human visual perception. In this study, an alternative framework for speckle evaluation, speckle influence degree (SID), is developed. It considers the effects of SC, sampling rate, and image resolution on perceived speckle by human eyes. Theoretical analysis is firstly conducted. Then, speckle images of different sampling rate, SC, and image resolution are generated and calculated. Finally, SID is shown to be a more comprehensive metric that could characterize the influence of sampling rate and image resolution and that is better matched with subjective perception of human eyes than SC.

What is known and objectives Tacrolimus is widely used for kidney transplantation in children. However, the narrow therapeutic window and considerable interindividual and intraindividual variabilities make tacrolimus untoward to design an optimum dosage for paediatric personalized medicine. Our research aims to establish the tacrolimus population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of Chinese paediatric kidney transplantation patients and to distinguish covariates impacting variabilities. Methods Chinese paediatric kidney transplantation patients treated with tacrolimus between January 2014 and April 2018 from Children's Hospital of Fudan University were retrospectively analysed. A total of 51 Chinese paediatric kidney transplantation patients were analysed using non-linear mixed effects modelling (NONMEM). The effects of population characteristics, biological features and drug combination were assessed. The final PPK model was evaluated using visual inspection of routine diagnostic plots and the internal validation method of bootstrap. Results Our data met the condition of a one-compartment model, and the final model was CL/F = 32.7 × (WT/70)0.75 × (1 - WZ × 0.341) × (HGB/97)-0.508 ; V/F = 1890 × (WT/70) × (POD/57)0.816 , where WT, WZ, HGB and POD were weight, Wuzhi capsule (extracted from schisandra sphenanthera, whose primary efficient constituents are schisantherin A, schisandrol B, schisandrin etc, and often used to treat drug-induced hepatitis in Chinese organ transplant patients), haemoglobin and post-transplant day, respectively. What is new and conclusion The tacrolimus PPK model in Chinese paediatric kidney transplantation patients was developed, and Wuzhi capsule and haemoglobin influence tacrolimus elimination in paediatric kidney transplantation patients.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represents a heterogeneous disease in its histologic appearance and biological potential. Some women treated for DCIS subsequently develop invasive breast cancer. DCIS with microinvasion is considered as the interim stage in the progression from DCIS to invasive breast cancer. Analysis of the differences between DCIS and DCIS with microinvasion may aid in understanding the characteristic of DCIS with microinvasion and identifying biological factors determining progression of DCIS to invasive disease. Retrospective analysis of 219 cases between 2012 and 2018 was performed in our institution. The pathological results and axillary lymph nodes status were collected. Analysis of the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and Ki-67 in pure DCIS (164 cases), and DCIS with microinvasion (55 cases) using immunohistochemistry. DCIS with microinvasion had a higher nuclear grade (P

A novel multi-beam antenna based on Butler matrix is designed and realized. In this paper, Butler matrix adopts the substrate integrated waveguide and double layer technology to realize the miniaturization of the network, and the two-layer directional coupler achieves good matching and better flatness in amplitude and phase by using multiple slots, besides, the edge gradient short holes of short slot coupler is adopted to better ensure the equipartition of energy, and inhibit the emergence of TE30. The proposed multi-beam antenna has operation frequency range of 8.0 to 8.5GHz with perfect port matching performance. The maximum gain of the intermediate beam of the antenna reaches 11.2dBi, and the maximum gain of the beam on both sides reaches 10.0dBi with ± 38 ° beam point.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of transdermal fentanyl for the treatment of moderate or severe cancer-related pain. Materials and Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chongqing Weipu and Wanfang Database were searched for relevant studies published prior to January 2015. Only randomized controlled trials on the use of the transdermal fentanyl patch for the treatment of cancer pain were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the studies and extracted data. The quality assessment of the studies included was based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.1.0). RevMan 5 (version 5.3) and Trial Sequential Analysis software (TSA, version 2.1, provided by Copenhagen Trial Unit, Denmark) were used for data analyses. Results: A total of 35 studies involving 3406 participants met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to the effectiveness of management for cancer pain between the use of transdermal fentanyl patch and oral morphine (risk ratio = 1.00, 95% confidence interval, 0.97–1.03, P > 0.05). TSA results demonstrated that the cumulative Z-score crossed its monitoring boundaries, and therefore, reliable conclusions had been drawn. Moreover compared with oral morphine, the use of transdermal fentanyl patch resulted in statistically significantly decreased incidence of constipation, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, and urinary retention. There was a significantly greater incidence of skin irritation in patients who used a transdermal fentanyl patch (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings from this study demonstrate that use of transdermal fentanyl for the management of moderate or severe cancer pain had more advantages compared to oral morphine.

The mechanism of cable crosstalk involving what and how does the factors affect the level of crosstalk is introduced in detail. A transmission line model for predicting crosstalk between power cable and the other wires nearby with common reference ground based on multiconductor transmission theory (MTL) is developed. Crosstalk among circuit configurations when the victim cables with load terminations are different types is analyzed and simulated. Models where the types of the victim lines are shielded coaxial cable, shielded twisted pair and unshielded twisted pair are simulated. It is found that the shielding can provide an attenuation of about 50dB than the unshielded cables. In addition, the condition of multi-cable coupling is simulated and some thoughts are brought out to inspire more detailed study. Finally, some measures are suggested to suppress the crosstalk between cables according to the two-type of coupling mechanism (inductive coupling and capacitive coupling).

A dual-frequency, circularly polarized (CP) square loop antenna under even-mode resonance is presented. The square loop antenna is diagonally fed by a fork-like dipole launcher. Four tuning stubs are symmetrically introduced near the current distribution nulls of the second odd-order resonant even-mode. In this way, the second odd-order even-mode is excited and dual-band circularly polarized characteristic can be realized. The dual-band behavior of the antenna is numerically studied and a closed-form formula is deduced. The preliminary result in this work is expected to be useful in future dual-band CP loop antenna designs.

Oxidative stress has a central role in the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM), which can directly result in the injury of islet β cells and consequent hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of black bean peel extract (BBPE), pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and a combination of the two (PPE + BBPE) on streptozotocin-induced DM mice. Oxidative stress was assessed by the levels of total antioxidative capability and glutathione in the serum. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, as well as the pancreas weight index and the histological changes in the pancreas, were also determined. The results showed that, after fours weeks of treatment with PPE, BBPE or PPE + BBPE, DM mice showed, to different degrees, a decrease in blood glucose, increases in insulin secretion and the pancreas weight index, and an increase in antioxidative activity. These changes were particularly evident in the DM mice subjected to the combined intervention strategy of PPE + BBPE. The histological findings indicated that the injury to the pancreatic islets in DM mice was also ameliorated following treatment. In conclusion, PPE and BBPE, particularly the combination of the two, have the ability to ameliorate hyperglycemia by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced pancreatic damage; this finding may be useful in the prevention and treatment of DM.

When larger scale of small hydropower and wind power exist in power system, the traditional reserve capacity algorithm is no longer applicable at the same time of reducing the carbon emission. Aiming at the volatility and non-regulatory of small hydropower and wind power, considering the forecast error of small hydropower, wind power and load,the unit outage rate and other factors, combined with the actual operation parameters of one regional power system in Southwest of China, the wind-hydro – thermal power coordinated operation of multiple objective function optimization calculation model of reserve capacity is established. Using the weighted coefficient method of unified objective method, it transforms the multi-objective optimization problem into a single objective optimization one. Applying the exterior penalty function method, the constrained optimization problem is changed into a non-constrained optimization one. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is got by introducing the particle concentration cognition into traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results verify the validity of the model. To Compare them under different strategies, this method can get less fuel expenses of thermal power units in the case of lower loss of load probability (LOLP).With the small hydropower and wind power output size to optimize the spinning reserve capacity. The model and the algorithm are helpful for drawing up optimization strategies of the reserve capacity in those regions in which larger scale small hydropower and wind power exists.

As the development of the slurry pipeline transportation system complexity and intelligent,it is more difficult to establish the reliability of the system.This pape take advantage of the descriptions of dynamic systems of stochastic failure petri net,applying in the field of slurry pipeline transport system reliability analysis.At same time,with the combination of Markov theory, it established the model of the hydraulic system reliability analysis.The feasibility and availability of the method is proved through an example of hydraulic system of slurry pipeline transportation.

This paper begins with analyzing the hazard of system harmonics and proposing the effectiveness of active power filter (APF) in harmonic wave inhibition. Against the background of single-phase parallel type of APF, its working principle is introduced and its mathematical model is built. Next, analyzed in details is the single-phase parallel type of APF double loop control system based on outer voltage loop and inner current loop, with the specific design procedure of PI control parameters of outer voltage loop and inner current loop presented. Finally, through MATLAB simulation, the designed system control parameters undergo verification. The simulation result indicates such single-phase parallel type of APF based on the double loop PI controller with outer voltage loop and inner current loop can ensure stability of the DC bus voltage and make effective compensation for harmonics over the mid-and low-frequency bands.

In order to solve the difficult problem in lung CT image segmentation, the segmentation method based on Mixture Active Contour Model is proposed and the learning algorithm is presented. It gets the prior information of lung CT image segmentation through Gaussian Mixture Model, couples the penalty term and edge detection of the level set function. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the method based on MACM in solving lung CT image segmentation.

Theresistance of slurry pipelinetransportation has greatly impact on slurry transportation system. In order toimprove transportation efficiency,energy utilization rate,taking theappropriate drag reduction technology has a very important significance.Thispaper presents drag reduction technologies for slurry transportationapplications,including micro-bubble drag reduction technology and vibrationdrag reduction technology.

It is very important to recycle and deal with them effectively for environment protection resources saving. In this paper, on the basis of relevant knowledge of classified recycling, we combine the situation of our surveying actually, establish electronic information platform which is suitable waste electronics. More important being, we design a recovery bins can be classified recycling battery. What’s more, according to the waste electronics recycling system, we put forward to increase the recovery rate and the better classified recycling.

In view of the fact that the complex control of car moving device, its small application range, the difficulty to reach the accurate location of vehicles and so on, therefor a new design and research for a car moving device of remote control is proposed; The Mecanum wheel is chosen to achieve the omnidirectional movement, so that the vehicle can reach the predetermined position quickly. The electro-hydraulic push rod is used to realize the automatic lifting ,and it is also convenient and efficient; In addition, AT89C52 microcontroller which cost less but can meet the requirements realize the control.

This dual-ducted SUAV is a nonlinear and strong coupling of multiple-input and multiple-output system, and particularly between the pitch and roll channels channel coupling is strong, in order to implement effective control, it must be decoupled. The traditional methods are difficult to achieve effective control of the strong coupling of multivariable systems. Neural network which has a strong learning ability, is able to learn from the sample and can adapt to changing learning condition. Thus, the neural network can be used to simulate the learning process of operator, and operating characteristics information of objects can be excavated from the measured data, and accordingly change the parameters of the controller and decoupling network. This paper presents a attitude control algorithm of the dual-ducted SUAV which combine ADRC algorithms with neural network decoupling control algorithm, to design a SUAV decoupling controller. The simulation results showed that the attitude control channels between the pitch and roll were independently of each other, indicating a good solution to decouple the coupling between the pitch and roll channels based on neural network algorithm.

This dual-ducted SUAV is a nonlinear and strong coupling of multiple-input and multiple-output system, and particularly between the pitch and roll channels channel coupling is strong, in order to implement effective control, it must be decoupled. The traditional methods are difficult to achieve effective control of the strong coupling of multivariable systems. For the SUAV model of nonlinear coupling characteristics, based on the establishment of the UAV attitude model, this paper designed an attitude ADRC decoupling controller. The simulation showed this ADRC decoupling controller had strong robustness and immunity, and solved the channels coupling between the pitch and roll.

Based on the sub-mini dual ducted UAV dynamics analysis of Newton, and according to the characteristics of the hovering and variable posture mechanism, this paper combined methods of mechanism analysis with system identification to get the attitude model of under actuated sub-mini dual ducted UAV, which contained input variable, output variable and some unknown parameters. Then the subspace method used the real flying data to identify above the attitude model. Finally，the correctness of the identification model was verified.

Recently, the UAV has become the research focus at home and abroad. this paper puts forward a unconventional type: double ducted tilting Subminiature UAV system (SUAV) , and carries out the research of the control system for this SUAV. Since SUAV flight attitude control process has strong time-varying characteristics, and there are random disturbances, the conventional control methods with unchanged parameters are often unworkable. An on-line adaptive ADRC control system is designed in this paper. An on-line adaptive ADRC system implements a simultaneous on-line tuning of ADRC rules and output scale of ADRC control system. The flight experiment showed that the proposed adaptive ADRC system provides quicker response, smaller overshoot, higher precision, robustness and adaptive ability. It satisfies the needs of autonomous flight.

Since Small Unmanned Helicopter flight attitude control process has strong time-varying characteristics, and there are random disturbances, the conventional control methods with unchanged parameters are often unworkable. An on-line adaptive ADRC control system is designed in this paper. An on-line adaptive ADRC system implements a simultaneous on-line tuning of ADRC rules and output scale of ADRC control system. The flight experiment showed that the proposed adaptive ADRC system provides quicker response, smaller overshoot, higher precision, robustness and adaptive ability. It satisfies the needs of autonomous flight.

Chaos is extremely sensitive to initial conditions, which makes the system with even smaller initial amount of changes can eventually evolve into a very different result. In an indirect field-oriented control of induction motor drive when estimated errors exist, within a certain range of parameters the system may evolve into chaotic motion through period-doubling bifurcation. In this paper an adaptive controller for synchronizing two indirect field-oriented induction motor drives under chaotic state is presented. Simulation results show that with the state-error feedback controller, synchronous state may be achieved rapidly and robustly.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage failure of the kidney, but the efficacy of current strategies available for the prevention of DN remains unsatisfactory. The purpose of this study was to assess whether sitagliptin (SIT) has therapeutic potential for prevention of DN and to investigate its possible mechanism. The effects of SIT on DN were investigated in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and rat mesangial cells (MCs) induced by high glucose. T2DM rats were administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg SIT. The kidney index, 24 h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), accumulation of glycogen and collagens were investigated by different methods. MCs were administered with SIT at doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 µmol/ml. The possible mechanism of SIT on protection of diabetic kidney injury was examined by expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad pathway. The results showed that the SIT-treated diabetic rats significantly reduced diabetic kidney injury by inhibiting the kidney index and attenuating 24 h urinary protein, reducing BUN and serum creatinine, inhibiting progressive renal fibrosis and increassing extracellular matrix including collagen IV and fibronectin. Further studies showed that inhibition of renal fibrosis in SIT-treated diabetic rats and MCs were associated with rebalancing of TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Sitagliptin may be a potent agent for preventing the progression of DN through inhabiting TGF-β1/Smad-mediated renal fibrosis.

// Jian-Ping Li 1, 2, * , Zhi-Jun Huang 3, 4, * , Xing-Sheng Lu 5, * , Yi-Chan Zhou 1 , Yun Shao 1 , Xiao-Pu He 1 , Su-Rong Chen 2 , Dong-Dong Wang 2 , Li-Sen Qin 6 , Wei-Hao Sun 1 1 Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China 2 Department of Oncology, Yancheng Fist People’s Hospital, Yancheng, China 3 Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China 4 Department of Surgery, Yancheng Fist People’s Hospital, Yancheng, China 5 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China 6 Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng Pavilion Lake District People’s Hospital, Yancheng, China * Co-first authors Correspondence to: Wei-Hao Sun, email: swh@njmu.edu.cn , weihaosun@hotmail.com Keywords: colorectal cancer (CRC), PKC412, AKT, Bcl-2, receptor tyrosine kinases Received: July 29, 2016 Accepted: September 29, 2016 Published: October 21, 2016 ABSTRACT The potential effect of PKC412, a small molecular multi-kinase inhibitor, in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was evaluated here. We showed that PKC412 was cytotoxic and anti-proliferative against CRC cell lines (HT-29, HCT-116, HT-15 and DLD-1) and primary CRC cells. PKC412 provoked caspase-dependent apoptotic death, and induced G2-M arrest in the CRC cells. AKT activation was inhibited by PKC412 in CRC cells. Reversely, expression of constitutively-active AKT1 (CA-AKT1) decreased the PKC412’s cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells. We propose that Bcl-2 could be a primary resistance factor of PKC412. ABT-737, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, or Bcl-2 siRNA knockdown, dramatically potentiated PKC412’s lethality against CRC cells. Forced Bcl-2 over-expression, on the other hand, attenuated PKC412’s cytotoxicity. Significantly, PKC412 oral administration suppressed AKT activation and inhibited HT-29 tumor growth in nude mice. Mice survival was also improved with PKC412 administration. These results indicate that PKC412 may have potential value for CRC treatment.

In order to solve the impact of environment on reasonable production capacity of large mine, analyzed the main factors of environmental pollution affecting the coal mines, illustrated the coordination and interaction of various subsystems of the industry ecosystem in chart and used the environmental quality assessment to determine the mine environment grading and partition, determine the reasonable capacity of the large mines within the bearing capacity of the environment, present environmental protection measures in different areas.

In this paper, the ultrasonic infrared thermography (UIT) technique was applied to detect the composites damage. The frictional heating and thermal conductivity at the location of crack of the composites under ultrasonic excitation was simulated by finite element method (FEM). The excitation parameters including time, amplitude and frequency were studied. The composite involving delamination was detected by the ultrasonic generator. The results show that the UIT can identify the contacting interface-type damages at the surface or subsurface of composites rapidly, for example, delamination, fatigue crack et al.The excitation time, amplitude and frequency are impotent detection parameters. It can be seen accurately and intuitively of location of the damage, and there is no uniform heating problems from the experiment. Suitable coupling material can improve testing quality and eliminate “standing wave” effectively.

Defects in the specimen of missile engine shell was detected by thermal wave image technology in this paper. In order to gain intuitionistic and accurate space structure image of the detected object, subtracting background and high-frequency emphasized filtering method were used to enhance the image quality. Then the defect was segmented from the background using particle swarm fuzzy clustering algorithm, while the defect size and depth were identified quantitatively. On this basis, 3D reconstruction of the defect by thermal wave image was recognized by Volume Rendering method. The results show that the precision of the defect quantitative identification is higher, and 3D reconstruction result is well, which help us to observe the location and size of defects intuitionisticly.

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Wnt1/beta-catenin expression and the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The mRNA and protein expression levels of Wnt1/beta-catenin genes in 70 ESCC and 15 adjacent noncancerous paraffin-embedded samples were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression level of Wnt1/beta-catenin in ESCC was significantly higher than that in the adjacent noncancerous tissues (1.9934 +/- 1.9888 vs. 0.8863 +/- 0.665, p = 0.0184; 0.2854 +/- 0.1298 vs. 0.0128 +/- 0.0158, p = 0.0000, respectively), and the overexpression of Wnt1/beta-catenin mRNA was aggressively associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced pathological stage (p0.0001). The protein expression level of Wnt1/beta-catenin was also significantly higher than that in the adjacent noncancerous tissues (0.3830 +/- 0.0947 vs. 0.2721 +/- 0.1474, p = 0.0002; 0.2835 +/- 0.0844 vs. 0.2352 +/- 0.0670, p = 0.0210, respectively); however, the overexpression was not associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. Meanwhile, the protein expression level of Wnt1 had no relevance with that of beta-catenin. The overexpression of Wnt1/beta-catenin might be an important molecular marker to predict the clinicopathologic stage and prognosis of ESCC, and the level of Wnt1/beta-catenin mRNA was conversely correlated with lymph node metastasis and advanced pathological stage. The overexpression of Wnt1/beta-catenin mRNA should also predict poor prognosis of ESCC; however, it might not be an independent prognostic factor.

A comprehensive investigation was performed for repairing the different types of cracks appearing on the surface or inside the concrete lining at various depths. The material properties used in grouting and two methods for crack repair were discussed in details, and consequently reliable repair measures were proposed and implemented. It is a better choice to adopt the hole-drilling method for the relatively regular crack. The grouting pressure should not be too high and it is generally between 0.4∼0.6 MPa. For the second time grouting, the pressure maybe increased to 0.8 MPa. Other method is the pasting nozzles method which is more suitable for irregular cracks such as cracks with intensive density and crossing cracks. Its grouting pressure is generally between 0.6∼1.0 MPa. The in-situ tests in Three Gorges Project demonstrate favorably the feasibility and applicability of the proposed methods for crack repair within the lining concrete.

Highly monodisperse submicron-sized silica spheres were synthesized by a chemical method, and single-crystal colloidal multilayers were prepared by a vertical deposition technique. Rare earth complex Tb(ACAC)3phen was in-filled in this structure to investigate the photonic bandgap effect on the spontaneous emission. The photon density of states in the photonic crystal was calculated numerically to investigate the origin of the abnormally enhanced photoluminescence in the photonic bandgap region. Our results are suggestive of a new way to probe the position of fluorescent molecules in such photonic bandgap materials.

Dong-Dong Wang,1 Ming-Quan Zheng,2,3 Nan Zhang,2 Chun-Li An2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USABackground: The detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii DNA in respiratory specimen from individuals who do not have signs or symptoms of pneumonia has been defined as colonization. The role of P. jirovecii colonization in the development or progression of various lung diseases has been reported, but little information about P. jirovecii colonization in patients is available in the People’s Republic of China.Objective: To determine the prevalence of P. jirovecii colonization in patients with various pulmonary diseases, including the acute and stable stage of COPD, interstitial lung diseases, cystic fibrosis, and chronic bronchiectasis.Materials and methods: A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for detecting P. jirovecii were developed. Ninety-eight HIV-negative patients who were followed-up and who had undergone bronchoscopy for diagnosis of various underlying respiratory diseases were included in the study. Sputa of these patients were analyzed with LAMP amplification of P. jirovecii gene. In addition, conventional PCR, Giemsa and Gomori’s methenamine silver nitrate staining assays were applied to all specimens.Results: The sensitivity and specificity test showed that there was no cross-reaction with other fungi or bacteria in detecting the specific gene of P. jirovecii by LAMP, and the minimum detection limits by LAMP was 50 copies/mL. P. jirovecii DNA was detected in 62 of 98 (63.3%) sputa specimens by LAMP assay and 22.45% (22/98) by conventional PCR. However, no P.jirovecii cysts were found by Giemsa and Gomori’s methenamine silver nitrate in all of gene-positive specimens.Conclusion: The results of our study showed that prevalence of P. jirovecii colonization is particularly high in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases in People’s Republic of China, and the LAMP method is better for evaluation of the colonization of P. jirovecii in sputum specimen than conventional PCR. Keywords: Pneumocystis jirovecii, colonization, chronic pulmonary diseases, loop-mediated isothermal amplification

An explicit dynamic Galerkin meshfree formulation under the updated Lagrangian framework is presented to simulate large deformation damage and failure process in geomaterials. The failure initiation and development are characterized by the pressure sensitive Drucker-Prager plasticity coupled with the isotropic energy-based damage theory. A stabilized conforming nodal integration based on non-local gradient smoothing is employed to improve the computational efficiency and to regularize the material instability arising from strain localization. The capability of the proposed methodology to model the evolution of dynamic failure in geomaterials is demonstrated through a numerical example.

We report the effect of inorganic nanolayers on electron injection in the polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) in which a hole is the major charge carrier. The inorganic nanolayers with different dielectric constants were placed between the emitting layer and the aluminum cathode, and their influence on the device performance was investigated. The device with a nanolayer of lower dielectric constant demonstrated higher efficiency, which is significantly higher than that of one without an insulating layer. The enhancement may result from the lowering of the effective barrier height for electron injection while increasing electron-tunneling probability, which improve the balanced injection of hole and electrons.

A two-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure with a large complete photonic bandgap is presented. It consists of two photonic crystals, whose dielectric configurations are reverse, with triangular lattice of circular columns. The structure retains the ease of fabrication while increasing the maximum quality factor of the gap 2–3 times after optimization. Photonic bandgap properties are calculated using a plane-wave method and the transmission spectra are obtained.