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Intracranial aneurysms (IA) are a huge threat to human health, with a global incidence rate of 0.65–8.4%. Although the microsurgical and interventional techniques have made profound progression in treating IA, the relatively high rate of complications and recurrence are still not satisfactory. Thus, there is a need to elucidate its molecular mechanism. Numerous studies have identified the close relationship between hemodynamic-induced inflammation and development of IA. Indeed, the dysfunction of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as their secreted cytokines, collectively contribute to the formation, growth and rupture of IA. Furthermore, the immune system has also been identified to participate in the development of IA. This review will explore the mechanisms of various inflammatory cells and significant cytokines, providing a new perspective in the clinical treatment of IA.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) stent is a new device recently introduced for the treatment of wide-neck intracranial aneurysms. This single-center study presents the authors' preliminary experience using the LVIS stent to treat saccular aneurysms with parent arteries smaller than 2.5 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aneurysms with a LVIS stent used in a small parent vessel (

Endovascular treatment (EVT) of true posterior communicating artery (PcomA) aneurysms has been rarely reported. This study reports the outcomes on a single-center cohort with true PcomA aneurysms who underwent EVT. Between June 2011 and June 2017, clinical data from 42 patients with 43 true PcomA aneurysms who underwent EVT were retrieved from a prospectively maintained single-center database. Endovascular techniques, perioperative complications, clinical outcomes, and angiographic results were retrospectively evaluated. All aneurysms were treated successfully. Treatment modalities included simple coiling in 30 aneurysms, balloon-assisted coiling in two, and stent-assisted coiling in 11 cases. Immediate angiograms showed complete occlusion in 23 aneurysms (53.5%), residual neck in 8 cases (18.6%), and residual sac in 12 (27.9%). No procedure-related complications or mortality were observed. Of the 34 aneurysms that underwent angiographic follow-up at an average duration of 7.1 months post-procedure, complete occlusion was achieved in 22 (64.7%), neck remnant in eight (23.5%), and residual sac in four (11.8%) aneurysms, respectively. Six aneurysms (18.2%) that underwent conventional coiling developed recanalization and required retreatment. Seven cases that received stent-assisted coiling did not develop recurrence. Clinical follow-up (mean, 24.3 months) of all patients demonstrated no neurologic deterioration or (re)bleeding. EVT of the true PcomA aneurysm is a safe and feasible procedure but may be associated with recurrence in midterm follow-up, requiring close surveillance and potential retreatment.

BackgroundThe low profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) device is being increasingly used for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Its application in the basilar artery (BA) has not yet been reported.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and early efficacy of the LVIS device for the treatment of BA aneurysms.MethodsA prospectively maintained database was retrospectively reviewed for all patients with BA aneurysms treated by LVIS stents at our institution. Angiographic results were evaluated using the modified Raymond–Roy classification (mRRC).Results23 patients (mean age 52.8 years) with a BA aneurysm that was treated by LVIS stent implantation, with (n=21) or without (n=2) adjunctive coiling, were included in our study. 7 aneurysms were treated in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). 10 aneurysms were located at the basilar tip, 10 at the basilar trunk, and 3 at the superior cerebellar artery. Procedure related complications developed in three patients (13%), including two perforator infarction and one worsening mass effect. Complications resulted in permanent morbidity (4%) in one case. One fatality was related to severe poor grade SAH. At a mean follow-up of 6.9 months, 13 of the 20 patients were mRRC I closure, 3 were mRRC II closure with an improvement from class IIIa, 3 were observed to be recanalized from class IIIa to IIIb, and 1 with stenting only was still patent similar to the immediate angiography.ConclusionThe LVIS stent represents a feasible and safe option for endovascular embolization of BA aneurysms. Although recanalization may occur after LVIS treatment, the mid term complete occlusion rate was acceptable.

Quite a lot of factors will make effects on beam pointing stability of an optical system, Among them, the element tolerance is one of the most important and common factors. In some large laser systems, it will make final micro beams spot on the image plane deviate obviously. So it is essential for us to achieve effective and accurate analysis theoretically on element tolerance. In order to make the analysis of beam pointing stability convenient and theoretical, we consider transmission of a single chief ray rather than beams approximately to stand for the whole spot deviation. According to optical matrix, we also simplify this complex process of light transmission to multiplication of many matrices. So that we can set up element tolerance model, namely having mathematical expression to illustrate spot deviation in an optical system with element tolerance. In this way, we can realize quantitative analysis of beam pointing stability theoretically. In second half of the paper, we design an experiment to get the spot deviation in a multipass optical system caused by element tolerance, then we adjust the tolerance step by step and compare the results with the datum got from tolerance model, finally prove the correction of tolerance model successfully.

This paper deals with the design of an improvement multiple uncorrelated Rayleigh fading waveforms. Based on the uncorrelated requirement of optimal signal Angle of Arrival (AOA) for Sum-of-Sinusoids (SOS) model, a new AOA form is given. The new form guarantees the uncorrelated statistical performance and has good agreements with Clarke reference model. Both results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the single channel statistics of the new model is better than other models. The proposed method is useful for the design of simulation models for diversity-combined Rayleigh fading channels, relay fading channels, and frequency-selective channels.

This paper analyzed methods of Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm of Photo voltaic Power Generation System. such as disturbance observation method, the improved disturbance observation method, incremental conductance tracking algorithm, the improved incremental conductance tracking algorithm, these methods were used to improve the efficiency of photo voltaic system, and to increase the utilization rate of solar energy. At last, we put forward outlook of the maximum power point tracking algorithm under complicated illumination conditions. These algorithms can be realized by TMS320VC5402.

We present a case of a posterior communicating (Pcom) artery infundibulum that progressed to an aneurysm in a patient with Polycystic liver disease without kidney cyst after embolization of the controlateral Pcom aneurysm. The infundibulum had been documented on angiography 4 years earlier, while a ruptured controlateral Pcom aneurysm was embolised. The patient presented to the outpatient clinic with right postorbital headache and cranial Ⅲ nerve palsy. Head CT scan found no gross subarachnoid hemorrhage. Though MR angiography note a 7-mm pcom aneurysm at the previous site of Pcom infundibulum. The patient underwent coiling for the novel aneurysm with a good result. This case illustrates a small but growing number of cases which developed from infundibula into aneurysms. It suggests that polycystic disease may pose an additional risk for infundibulum while what has traditionally been considered as a benign lesion.

Agrawal model and Vance model are two transmission line models in common use. In view of the lossy ground, we summarized and discussed the differences between these two models when used in calculation of a cable excited by HEMP. Using fast fourier transform and fast fourier inverse transform technique, the induced currents are calculated by the two models and compared. Results show that the results gotten by Vance model is smaller than those gotten by Agrawal model. The factors that affect their consistence are analyzed, which are the height of cable, the length, the terminal resistances, incidence angles of electromagnetic pulse, the parameters of ground, etc.

Mobile power station is the electric source of military equipment, In order to enhance the stations' ability to fit the future war, the electromagnetic protection ability Of military mobile power station's generator should be enhanced. In this paper, the problem of electromagnetic protection of military mobile power station's generator is raised; the main electromagnetic interference causes and interference ways are analyzed, and it's pointed out that The generator suffers electromagnetic interference mainly coming from cables; the practical model of the couple of generator's stator and rotor is given; at last, the development directions of generator's electromagnetic protection are pointed out.