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A proof-of-concept municipal waste management system was proposed to reduce the cost of waste classification, monitoring and collection. In this system, we utilize the deep learning-based classifier and cloud computing technique to realize high accuracy waste classification at the beginning of garbage collection. To facilitate the subsequent waste disposal, we subdivide recyclable waste into plastic, glass, paper or cardboard, metal, fabric and the other recyclable waste, a total of six categories. Deep-learning convolution neural networks (CNN) were applied to realize the garbage classification task. Here, we investigate seven state-of-the-art CNNs and data pre-processing methods for waste classification, whose accuracies of nine categories range from 91.9 to 94.6% in the validation set. Among these networks, MobileNetV3 has a high classification accuracy (94.26%), a small storage size (49.5 MB) and the shortest running time (261.7 ms). Moreover, the Internet of Things (IoT) devices which implement information exchange between waste containers and waste management center are designed to monitor the overall amount of waste produced in this area and the operating state of any waste container via a set of sensors. According to monitoring information, the waste management center can schedule adaptive equipment deployment and maintenance, waste collection and vehicle routing plans, which serves as an essential part of a successful municipal waste management system.

Background Acute renal colic caused by urinary calculi (ARCUC) has a considerable impact on the quality of life. Acupuncture might be a potential treatment option. However, the evidence is limited. We will conduct this trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as adjunctive treatment to diclofenac for ARCUC. Methods/design A total of 80 eligible patients who are diagnosed with urinary stone renal colic will be randomly allocated to the acupuncture group or the sham acupuncture group. Each patient will receive 1 session of acupuncture or sham acupuncture. The primary outcome will be the response rate of patients achieving a reduction of > 50% on visual analog score (VAS) from baseline to 10 min after treatment. Secondary outcomes will include the VAS, remedial analgesia, re-visit and admission rate, blinding assessment, credibility and expectancy, and adverse event. All patients who receive randomization will be included in the intent-to-treat analysis. Discussion The finding of this trial will provide evidence on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of ARCUC. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ChiCTR 1900025202. Registered on August 16, 2019.

To evaluate the impact of dydrogesterone in the treatment of chronic endometritis with antibiotic treatment in premenopausal women. A total of 188 chronic endometritis patients diagnosed by syndecan-1 (CD138) expression were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial study. Dydrogesterone and doxycycline were given in the treatment group, while single antibiotic was given in the control group. CD138, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor expression in samples of the endometrium was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Comparison of chronic endometritis cure rate between groups was performed based on conversion of CD138 expression from positive to negative. The 188 cases included in the statistical analysis consisted of 93 cases in the treatment group and 95 cases in the control group. The cure rates of chronic endometritis in the dydrogesterone and antibiotic combination group and the single antibiotic group were 86.0% (80/93) and 72.6% (69/95), respectively, with an overall cure rate of 79.3% (149/188). The dydrogesterone and antibiotic combination group showed better effects regarding the cure rate of chronic endometritis (P.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the cure rate of chronic endometritis was not affected by age, clinical diagnosis, hysteroscopic resection, estrogen receptor status, or progesterone receptor status (all P.05). Addition of dydrogesterone was effective for the treatment of chronic endometritis with antibiotic treatment in premenopausal women. The study was retrospectively registered to Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000040227) in November 2020.

To investigate the relationship between the number of hyperintense foci of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of adenomyosis.This prospective cohort study enrolled 102 patients with adenomyosis. Participants were classified into two groups: 50 patients in whom the number of hyperintense foci on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2WI was more than five were placed in the5 group and 52 patients in whom the number of hyperintense foci on MRI T2WI was five or fewer were placed in the ≤5 group. Uterine fibroid symptoms (UFS) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were recorded as indicators for the course of adenomyosis treatment.Among the enrolled patients, 84 received HIFU treatment and were followed up. At 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after HIFU treatment, the UFS score of women in the5 group was higher than that of the patients in the ≤5 group (P 0.05). The ablation rate of MRI T2WI in the hyperintense foci ≤5 group was higher than the hyperintense foci5 group (P 0.05).Number of MRI T2WI hyperintense foci is a factor affecting the ablation rate and the clinical efficacy of HIFU treatment in women with adenomyosis. It is likely to be a predictor of the efficacy of HIFU in adenomyosis treatment.

Nowadays, most intelligent diagnosis methods focus on fault classification and the discriminative knowledge is unknown due to the 'black box' characteristic. However, impulse responses in vibration signals, which is important sign to determine whether mechanical equipment is faulty, are rarely studied under intelligent methods since their recognition is both difficult and time-consuming, especially mixed with noise. Aiming at these problems, a novel impulse recognition method was proposed to capture them from raw mechanical data. Firstly, a single-kernel convolutional neural network is proposed as weak classifier to learn discriminative information from raw data. Then, a coarse-to-fine search is proposed to locate position of impulse response. Finally, the boosting algorithm is used to ensemble several proposed weak classifiers for final output. Vibration signals of bearings with two different faults are utilized to validate the proposed model. The results prove that the proposed approach obtain higher accuracy compared with traditional Laplace wavelet method. Moreover, the extracted kernel functions reveal new knowledge about characteristics of impulse responses, which significantly differs from traditional hypothesis and sheds a light on improvement of relevant approaches.

Introduction/aim Pancreatic necrosis occurs in a quarter of patients with acute pancreatitis, many of whom form an acute necrotic collection (ANC). The current standard treatment is to defer percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) until the latter becomes “walled off,” which takes approximately four weeks. The majority of patients that develop persistent organ failure (POF), the primary determinant of mortality, do so within four weeks. To defer PCD until after four weeks may result in a worse outcome because of a missed opportunity to treat early infection and thereby reduce the severity and/or duration of POF. This study is aimed to compare the clinical outcome of the current standard approach with early on-demand PCD in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) patients with ANC and POF. Methods/design This is an open-label, multi-center, parallel, randomized, controlled trial. All patients with ANP who develop POF during the first week of onset will be screened for eligibility. In total, 120 study subjects will be randomized to either early on-demand PCD or standard care. Patients assigned to the former will receive PCD when they show signs of decompensation like new-onset OF, aggravation of pre-existent OF, and persistent OF for more than a week. The primary composite endpoint is major complication and/or death. Patients will be followed until discharge or death with an additional follow-up 90 days after randomization. Discussion This study challenges the standard 4-week delay before PCD and will answer the question whether early on-demand PCD is associated with a lower incidence of major complications and/or death.

In recent years, the intelligent diagnosis technology of wind turbines has made great progress. However, in practical engineering applications, the operating states of wind turbine are various, accompanied by a large number of noise interference, which leads to the decline of the discrimination accuracy of intelligent diagnosis. In order to solve this problem, inspired by the Google team Inception model, this paper proposes a concurrent convolution neural network (C–CNN), the raw data is fed into the network without any prior knowledge, and the characteristics are learned directly and adaptively from the input. Even if the data is accompanied by noise, the model still has high accuracy and strong generalization ability. The model is composed of a CNN with multiple branches. Meanwhile, the convolutional layer of different branches selects the kernels with different scales in same level, thus improving the learning ability of entire network. In this paper, the feasibility of this method for fault diagnosis of bearings in wind turbines is demonstrated by three bearing datasets. The results show that the proposed method can extract discriminative features and classify bearing data accurately under the disturbance of different rotating speed, different load and random noise.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine disease result from absolute or relative insulin secretion deficiency, insulin resistance, or both, and has become a major and growing public healthy menace worldwide. Currently, clinical antidiabetic drugs still have some limitations in efficacy and safety such as gastrointestinal side effects, hypoglycemia, or weight gain. Rosmarinus officinalis is an aromatic evergreen shrub used as a food additive and medicine, which has been extensively used to treat hyperglycemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetic wounds. A great deal of pharmacological research showed that rosemary extract and its phenolic constituents, especially carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, and carnosol, could significantly improve diabetes mellitus by regulating glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation, exhibiting extremely high research value. Therefore, this review summarizes the pharmacological effects and underlying mechanisms of rosemary extract and its primary phenolic constituents on diabetes and relative complications both in vitro and in vivo studies from 2000 to 2020, to provide some scientific evidence and research ideas for its clinical application.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have great potential for use in commercial organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays/lighting. One of the usually confronted issues of TADF emitters is that short triplet-exciton lifetimes and a high photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL) are hard to achieve simultaneously. In this study, by integrating a bismesitylboryl acceptor with a triazine/sulfonyl acceptor, tandem acceptors were assembled and utilized to construct two donor–acceptor–acceptor (D–A–A) types of TADF compounds. These compounds show a very small singlet–triplet energy splitting (ΔEST: < 0.04 eV), which results in fast deactivation of triplet excitons via reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) and, correspondingly, a fairly short delayed-fluorescence lifetime (τDF

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) versus uterine artery chemoembolization with methotrexate for the management of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). Methods A total of 170 women with CSP were enrolled in the retrospective cohort study from April 2016 to September 2020. One hundred women received HIFU followed by suction curettage, and 70 women were treated with uterine artery chemoembolization followed by suction curettage. Results The median blood loss during suction curettage was 20 (range 2-800) ml in the HIFU group versus 20 (range 5-200) ml in the chemoembolization group (P=0.837). The mean time for β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) normalization was 28.52 ± 10.82 days versus 26.69 ± 8.97 days (P=0.246), respectively. The mean time of menstruation recovery was 34.36 ± 10.63 days versus 31.93 ± 8.53 days (P=0.114), respectively. The incidence of adverse effects in the HIFU group was lower than that in the chemoembolization group (P=0.028). The median hospitalization time in the HIFU group was longer than that in the chemoembolization group (P=0.000). Conclusion HIFU was as effective and safe as uterine artery chemoembolization in the management of CSP, and the incidence of adverse effects was lower.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by pancreatic/peripancreatic inflammation. Involvement of renal capsule refers to peripancreatic inflammation extending beyond the Gerota fascia and disappearance of renal rim sign (+) on CT images. However, its association with acute kidney injury (AKI), an important complication of AP, was rarely studied.Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the involvement of renal capsule and AKI in a cohort of patients with AP.Methods: We retrospectively screened all the patients admitted for AP from January 2018 to December 2019. The involvement of renal capsule was judged by experienced radiologists according to the CT imaging. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for biases in group sizes and baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was the development of AKI during the index admission. We also categorized the pararenal inflammation with the renal rim grade (RRG) and compared the incidence of AKI among different grades.Results: Involvement of renal capsule was identified in 71 of 503 patients (14.1%). The incidence of AKI was significantly higher in these patients when compared with the matched controls (43/71, 60.6% vs. 12/71, 16.9%, p < 0.001). Moreover, mortality also differed between groups (12.7% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.017). Multivariable logistic regression showed that renal capsule involvement is an independent risk factor of AKI (odds ratio, 4.355; 95% confidence interval, 1.434, 13.230, p = 0.009). Patients with RRG grade III had a significantly higher incidence of AKI than the other two grades (60.6% for Grade III, 17.1% for Grade II, and 3.8% for Grade I, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Involvement of renal capsule is associated with higher AKI incidence and mortality.

Fetus in fetu (FIF) is a rare congenital disorder. At present, the mechanism of FIF has not been fully elucidated. Clinically, the most common site of FIF is the abdominal cavity, while other sites have also been reported, such as from the scrotum to the intracranial space. Surgery is the best treatment for FIF. Our case is a 1-month-old girl. The mother’s ultrasound examination at 36 weeks of gestation revealed that the solid part of the abdominal mass showed strong echoes of the limbs, and the fetus was about 40 mm long. The diagnosis was a parasitic fetus in the fetus. The child was admitted to our hospital for mass resection 1 month after birth, and the tumor was confirmed as a parasitic fetus by postoperative pathology. At present, the patient has had no recurrence after surgery for 5 years. Adequate preoperative evaluation combined with radical surgical resection is an effective strategy for the treatment of parasitic fetuses.

Xianqiang Yu,1,&ast; Cheng Qu,2,&ast; Lu Ke,2 Zhihui Tong,2 Weiqin Li1,2 1Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weiqin Li Email liweiqindr@nju.edu.cnBackground: Sepsis is the leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Although it is well known that the immune system plays a key role in sepsis, exactly how it works remains unknown.Methods: In our study, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to screen out the immune-related genes that may play a critical role in the process of sepsis.Results: A total of three sepsis-related hub genes were screened for further verification. Subsequent analysis of immune subtypes suggested their potential predictive effect in the clinic.Conclusion: Our study shows that three immune-related genes CHMP1A, MED15 and MGAT1 are important biomarkers of sepsis. The screened genes may help to distinguish normal individuals from patients with different degrees of sepsis.Keywords: sepsis, gene co-expression network, biomarker, immune cell

Introduction Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is an important complication of acute pancreatitis (AP). Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) was reported to be associated with immunosuppression and the development of IPN. The aim of this study was to describe the trajectory of ALC during the early phase of AP and assess its association with IPN. Methods We retrospectively screened patients with AP admitted to our center between January 2016 and July 2019. The ALC levels for the first 7 days after admission were collected. Group-based trajectory modeling was performed to detect the trajectories. Cox proportional hazards regression model was adopted to identify potential risk factors of IPN. Results Overall, 292 patients were enrolled for analysis. A triple-group trajectory model was developed, assigning 116 patients to the low-level ALC group, 133 to the medium-level ALC group, and 43 to the high-level ALC group. There was no overall significant difference regarding the incidence of IPN among the 3 groups (P = 0.066). In pairwise comparison, patients in the low-level ALC group had significantly higher incidence of IPN than those in the high-level ALC group (hazard ratio: 3.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.22-10.00, P = 0.020). Length of hospital stay and intensive care unit stay differed significantly among patients with different trajectories (P = 0.042 and 0.033, respectively). Discussion Despite the fact that the trajectories of ALC is overall insignificant for the development of IPN, patients with persistent low ALC trajectories during the early phase of AP are more likely to develop IPN when compared with patients with high ALC trajectories.

BACKGROUND: Deep surgical site infections (DSSIs) are serious complications after laparotomy. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a vital role in the development of DSSI. Here, we focused on a new approach to predicting the occurrence of DSSI through the detection of the NET formation index (NFI), and compared its prediction ability with other clinical infection indicators. METHODS: Patients who received laparotomy were prospectively enrolled in this study. General information, APACHE II score, SOFA score, and serum infection indicators were recorded. The postoperative abdominal drainage fluid was collected within 3 days after the operation for quantification of the NFI. RESULTS: A total of 92 consecutive patients were included, with 22 patients were diagnosed with DSSI. The NFI in the DSSI group was 32.70%±19.33% while the corresponding index was 10.70%±8.25% in the non-DSSI group (P13.86%) had a higher risk of developing DSSI. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the NFI, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) were 0.912, 0.748 and 0.731, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of surgical patients, the quantification of the NFI had a considerable predictive value for early identification of DSSI. The NFI in drainage fluid turned out to be a more sensitive and specific predictor of DSSI than serum infection indicators including CRP and PCT.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play pivotal roles in human cancer but their genetic and epigenetic changes are still largely unknown. Here we show that human CSCs are more similar to paratumor cells in liver cancer. Using single-cell-based in-situ multiomics analysis, we found that although liver CSCs (LCSCs) from patients had some potential key genetic and epigenetic changes in their genome, they had substantially fewer somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs), copy number alterations (CNAs) and differentially methylated regions, and less change in the global levels of DNA cytosine modifications, than other tumor parenchymal cells. The cluster analysis of SNVs, CNAs and DNA methylation patterns and spatial transcriptomes all clearly showed that the LCSCs were clustered with the paratumor liver cells. Thus, only minor genetic and epigenetic changes occurred in human LCSCs. Targeting key changes in CSCs, not just changes in bulk tumor cells, should be more effective for human cancer therapy.

We have read the article entitled "A rare association: acute pancreatitis caused by the influenza virus A with secondary appendicitis in a six-year-old girl" by Lainez Ramos-Bossini AJ et al. with great interest. This case report is successful and informative. We are specifically interested in viruses and pediatric pancreatitis and would like to mention a few crucial points about pediatric pancreatitis caused by a viral infection.

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and management of gastric outlet obstruction following acute pancreatitis(AP). Background Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is not uncommon in acute pancreatitis (AP) and can occur throughout the course. However, the clinical features and related treatment of GOO is rarely reported. Methods A retrospective review of AP patients with a diagnosis of GOO from March 2017 to June 2020 was performed. The diagnosis and management of GOO, as well as the demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of the study patients, were collected and analyzed. Results Over the three years, there were 60 AP patients developed GOO, constituting an incidence of 5.7%. Thirty-three patients (55.0%, 33/60) developed GOO in the first 4 weeks and 27 patients (45.0%, 27/60) after 4 weeks from onset. Pancreatic necrosis compression (60.6%; 20/33), gastric outlet gastrointestinal edema (27.3%, 9/33) are the main causes of early-onset GOO (≤4 weeks), while wall-off necrosis (92.6%, 25/27) is the leading cause in the late phase (>4 weeks). The management of GOO incorporates both supportive and specific treatment like gastric decompression, gastric juice reinfusion, percutaneous catheter drainage, etc. The mortality of AP patients with GOO (≤4 weeks) was 21.2% and none patients who developed GOO (>4 weeks) died. Conclusions GOO, as a gastrointestinal complication developed in AP patients, has two peak incidences in the duration of AP and needs to be paid more attention to.

Background. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has long been recognized as a common and important complication of acute pancreatitis (AP). In the study, machine learning (ML) techniques were used to establish predictive models for AKI in AP patients during hospitalization. This is a retrospective review of prospectively collected data of AP patients admitted within one week after the onset of abdominal pain to our department from January 2014 to January 2019. Eighty patients developed AKI after admission (AKI group) and 254 patients did not (non-AKI group) in the hospital. With the provision of additional information such as demographic characteristics or laboratory data, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), classification and regression tree (CART), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were used to build models of AKI prediction and compared to the predictive performance of the classic model using logistic regression (LR). XGBoost performed best in predicting AKI with an AUC of 91.93% among the machine learning models. The AUC of logistic regression analysis was 87.28%. Present findings suggest that compared to the classical logistic regression model, machine learning models using features that can be easily obtained at admission had a better performance in predicting AKI in the AP patients.

Study Objective To assess the feasibility of treating type 2 submucous myomas more than 4 cm in diameter with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) prior to hysteroscopic myomectomy (HM). Design Retrospective case series evaluating HIFU treatment of type 2 submucous myomas before HM, with efficacy compared with baseline (i.e., before treatment). Setting Teaching hospital. Patients Five women with type 2 submucous myomas more than 4 cm in diameter (mean, 5.6 cm; range, 4.7–6.3 cm). The mean age of the patients was 40.6 years (31–47 yr); median age 42 years. Interventions Type 2 submucous myomas were treated with HIFU. HM was performed in one step. Measurements and Main Results The time between HIFU and HM was 136 days. The mean volumes of the corpora and myomas were significantly less after HIFU. The mean shrinkage of the corpora and myomas (volume before HIFU/volume before HM × 100%) were 41.4 ± 18.1% and 67.6 ± 17.0%, respectively, which did not differ statistically. All 5 of the submucous myomas changed from type 2 to type 1 or type 0 after HIFU treatment. The percentage of the uterine cavity occupied by the myoma at baseline and after HIFU was 38.8% ± 2.8% and 78.0 ± 21.4%, respectively, a significant increase associated with HIFU. The hemoglobin increased with HIFU, significantly with an elevated value of 11.0 ± 7.5. Conclusion Treatment of type 2 submucous myomas more than 4 cm in diameter with HIFU before HM was effective, with reductions in myoma type (from 2 to 1 or 0) and shrinkage of myoma size. HIFU as a pretreatment should increase the safety of HM.

Objective. To describe the management and prognosis of splenic abscess after splenic arterial embolization in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients.Methods. This is a retrospective observational study. From August 2012 to August 2017, SAP patients with infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) who underwent splenic arterial embolization after massive hemorrhage of the splenic artery were screened and those who developed splenic abscess were included for analysis. The demographic characteristics, etiology, treatment of splenic abscess, and clinical outcomes of these cases were collected and analyzed.Results. A total of 18 patients with splenic abscess formed after splenic arterial embolization were included for data analysis. The median age of the 18 patients was 46 years. The etiologies included biliary AP, hypertriglyceridemic AP (HTG-AP), and other causes. Ten patients underwent minimally invasive percutaneous drainage only for splenic abscess while the other eight patients received splenectomy. One patient died due to uncontrolled infection and another patient died due to massive bleeding, and the remaining sixteen patients survived.Conclusion. The incidence of splenic abscess was high in patients requiring splenic arterial embolization due to massive bleeding. Our data showed that most splenic abscess could be successfully managed with minimally invasive interventions, and traditional splenectomy should serve as a backup treatment.

Intelligent fault recognition has been a hot topic in the area of mechanical fault detection. However, it is difficult to collect sufficient monitoring data to represent the various kinds of faults and support network training. This paper proposes a convolutional adversarial auto-encoder (AE) for mechanical fault recognition with unseen classes via one-class classification. The generator is established based on the convolutional AE, while the discriminator is a multi-scale convolutional neural network. Through unsupervised adversarial training, the model can recognize unseen faults, which are not represented in the training data. The proposed method is verified by three bearing datasets, and some related research is also introduced for comparative analysis. Results show that the RR of the proposed method arrives at 100%, 100% and 97.3% in three cases, while the AC reaches 91.4%, 90.5% and 90.8% respectively.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Herb pair, the most fundamental and simplest form of herb compatibility, serves as the basic building block of traditional Chinese medicine formulae. The Danshen–Honghua herb pair (DH), composed of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen in Chinese) and Carthami Flos (Honghua in Chinese), has remarkable clinical efficacy to cure cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. This study was designed to investigate the pharmacodynamics of DH in comparison with single herbs and pharmacokinetics of DH relative to Danshen in acute myocardial ischemic injury. Materials and methods Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into control, model and drug treated groups. The acute myocardial ischemia rat model was induced by administering 85 mg/kg/d isoproterenol (ISO) subcutaneously for two consecutive days. For pharmacodynamic study, histopathological and biochemical analysis were performed to assess the anti-myocardial ischemic effects. While for pharmacokinetic study, a UPLC–MS/MS method was developed for determination of nine main active ingredients, namely danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid, lithospermic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid C in rat plasma. Results The histopathological and biochemical analysis revealed that DH exerted enhanced anti-myocardial ischemic effects against the ISO-induced myocardial ischemia compared with single herbs. The pharmacokinetic study indicated that DH could significantly increase the t1/2z of danshensu, Tmax, AUC0-∞ and MRT0-t of protocatechuic acid in comparison with Danshen alone in normal rats, but more importantly elevate systemic exposure level and prolong t1/2z of protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid, Tmax of danshensu in acute myocardial ischemia rats. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated the greater effects of DH after the compatibility in ISO-induced acute myocardial ischemia rats at pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels and provided valuable information for clinical application of herb pairs.

With the shortage of energy and global climate warming, as well as the low-carbon economy and green computing coming, the energy consumption of cloud computing has become a critical issue, and even the economic benefits of cloud computing has been widely discussion. In view of the phenomenon of energy is wasted seriously in cloud computing, the energy optimization techniques in cloud computing platform have been studied and summarized in this paper. The concept, characteristics and development of cloud computing are introduced firstly. And then the existing energy consumption optimization approaches of cloud computing are studied deeply. The opening and closing techniques, dynamic voltage adjustment technology, virtual energy-saving technology and resource scheduling optimization technology are studied deeply. Finally, the contents are summarized and the future is looked forward.

It mainly solves the test lag, is not visual and the test efficiency is low, and relies on the test design of testers, and it cannot guarantee the quality of the test cases and cannot guarantee the quality of the test. According to the steps to establish the software data flow graph model to verify the model, the artificial point of the test items for planning. Finally fill in the contents of the test items and according to the algorithm to generate the corresponding test case collection, save to the database for management.

This study was supported partly by research grants from National Science and Technology Support task (2012BAD19B06), the earmarked fund for Beijing Leafy Vegetables Innovation Team of Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (blvt-13), the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (2013003019) and the earmarked fund from Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (QNJJ201610).; The Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) cryptic species complex comprises important insect pests that cause devastating damage to agricultural crops worldwide. In China, the B. tabaci MED species, formerly known as biotype ‘Q’, has surpassed the MEAM1 species, formerly known as biotype ‘B’, which is threatening agricultural production all over the country as an increasing number of resistance cases have been reported. This situation highlights the need for alternative pest control measures. In this study, the lethal effects of six neonicotinoid and two anthranilic diamide insecticides including the novel compound cyantraniliprole on B. tabaci MED were examined. The sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole on the physiology and behavior of B. tabaci MED were also assessed. Among eight insecticides tested, cyantraniliprole was the most toxic to B. tabaci MED with a LC50 of 2.05 mg/L. The sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole to adult B. tabaci MED were observed at LC10 (0.22 mg/L) and LC25 (0.63 mg/L) concentrations. At these concentrations, cyantraniliprole prolonged the developmental duration and decreased the survival rate of nymph stages, pseudopupae and adults. The oviposition duration and fecundity of females were also reduced significantly. The hatching rate of eggs laid by females exposed to LC10 and LC25 concentrations was also reduced. Altogether, these results demonstrate that cyantraniliprole could be an alternative insecticide for efficient control of B. tabaci MED populations in China.

As the growing demand for cloud computing, the scale of cloud data centers increased gradually, so that the energy issues of cloud environments have become increasingly prominent. For the situation of energy consumption serious in cloud computing data center, the resource scheduling algorithm of cloud computing for energy optimization was designed base on the technology of virtual machine migration. The energy consumption of cloud data center was saved effectively through effective use of resources, rational allocation of resources scheduling. Simulation results showed that compared to sequence execution algorithm, utilization of CPU, the average energy consumption, the average time was reduced by 16.63%, 27.26% and 23.72%, respectively.

Introduction Lumbar spondylodiscitis is a rare and severe complication of laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy with a polypropylene mesh. However, a case of lumbar spondylodiscitis following laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy has not been reported so far. We present a case of lumbar spondylodiscitis following laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy with a mesh. We also discuss 33 cases of lumbar spondylodiscitis following sacral colpopexy and (or) rectopexy with a mesh. Patient concerns A 46-year-old woman with 3 previous vaginal deliveries underwent laparoscopic mesh sacrohysteropexy for stage III uterine prolapse. One month after surgery, the patient developed persistent symptoms, such as stiffness of the lumbosacral portion, low back pain (LBP), persistent swelling, pain between the right iliac crest and the buttock, inability to bend down, and pain in the right lower limb. Symptoms were alleviated by a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. However, in the last 7 days, symptoms worsened and she was unable to stand or walk. The patient had very limited leg mobility. Diagnosis Blood routine examination, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine indicated lumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis. Interventions Removal of mesh and hysterectomy via laparoscopy were performed immediately, and antibiotics were given simultaneously. However, on the basis of MRI findings and persistent symptoms, debridement, laminectomy, spinal canal decompression, bone grafting, and internal fixation via pedicle screw placement were performed 5 months after laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy. Outcomes All symptoms were alleviated 5 days after the operation. The patient could stand in the erect position and raise her lower limbs within 2 weeks. She could resume her normal activities within 2 months after the operation, and her X-ray appeared normal. Conclusion Persistent LBP and radiating pain may be the signals of lumbar spondylodiscitis. MRI is the gold standard diagnostic examination for lumbar spondylodiscitis. Awareness of symptoms, such as LBP and radiating pain symptoms, timely diagnosis, mesh removal, and referral to orthopedists are important to prevent more severe complications. Surgical practice needs to be improved further and any other infections should be treated immediately as the most likely causes of lumbar spondylodiscitis are related to the mesh and other infections.

A multi-point wireless pulse measuring system based on CC2530 is discussed. By using a PVDF pressure sensor, human pulse signal is picked up. Then a filter circuit and a amplification circuit are designed to obtain accurate and stable signal. Based on single-point pulse measuring, multi-point wireless pulse measuring system based on CC2530/ZigBee network is constructed, and a data managing system based on LabVIEW is designed to deal with these signals. Finally, experiment is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Keywords: Pulse; CC2530; ZigBee; LabVIEW; PVDF

An adaptive controller with adaptive rate is presented to synchronize two chaos systems and to apply to secure communication. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, a sufficient condition and adaptive control parameters are obtained. Finally, the simulation with synchronization and secure communication is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Keywords: adaptive; synchronization; observer; controller.

The flower of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Carthami Flos, safflower), important in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is known for treating blood stasis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease in clinical and experimental studies. It is widely accepted that hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) and anhydrosafflor yellow B (ASYB) are the major bioactive components of many formulae comprised of safflower. In this study, selective knock-out of target components such as HSYA and ASYB by using preparative high performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) followed by antiplatelet and anticoagulation activities evaluation was used to investigate the roles of bioactive ingredients in safflower series of herb pairs. The results showed that both HSYA and ASYB not only played a direct role in activating blood circulation, but also indirectly made a contribution to the total bioactivity of safflower series of herb pairs. The degree of contribution of HSYA in the safflower and its series herb pairs was as follows: Carthami Flos-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra (CF-GR) > Carthami Flos-Sappan Lignum (CF-SL) > Carthami Flos-Angelicae Sinensis Radix (CF-AS) > Carthami Flos-Astragali Radix (CF-AR) > Carthami Flos-Angelicae Sinensis Radix (CF-AS) > Carthami Flos-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (CF-GL) > Carthami Flos-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (CF-SM) > Carthami Flos (CF), and the contribution degree of ASYB in the safflower and its series herb pairs: CF-GL > CF-PS > CF-AS > CF-SL > CF-SM > CF-AR > CF-GR > CF. So, this study provided a significant and effective approach to elucidate the contribution of different herbal components to the bioactivity of the herb pair, and clarification of the variation of herb-pair compatibilities. In addition, this study provides guidance for investigating the relationship between herbal compounds and the bioactivities of herb pairs. It also provides a scientific basis for reasonable clinical applications and new drug development on the basis of the safflower series of herb pairs.

In this paper, we present and evaluate an approach to incremental dialogue act (DA) segmentation and classification. Our approach utilizes prosodic, lexico-syntactic and contextual features, and achieves an encouraging level of performance in offline corpus-based evaluation as well as in simulated human-agent dialogues. Our approach uses a pipeline of sequential processing steps, and we investigate the contribution of different processing steps to DA segmentation errors. We present our results using both existing and new metrics for DA segmentation. The incremental DA segmentation capability described here may help future systems to allow more natural speech from users and enable more natural patterns of interaction.

Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae et Rhizoma, known as Danshen in China, is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines. Recently, there has been increasing scientific attention on Danshen for its remarkable bioactivities, such as promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and clearing away heat. This review summarized the advances in chemical analysis of Danshen and its preparations since 2009. Representative established methods were reviewed, including spectroscopy, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography (LC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), capillary electrophoresis, electrochemistry, and bioanalysis. Especially the analysis of polysaccharides in Danshen was discussed for the first time. Some proposals were also put forward to benefit quality control of Danshen.

Feature selection is one of the important topics in text classification. However, most of existing feature selection methods are serial and inefficient to be applied to massive text data sets. In this paper, a feature selection method based on parallel collaborative evolutionary genetic algorithm is presented. The presented method uses genetic algorithm to select feature subsets and takes advantage of parallel collaborative evolution to enhance time efficiency, so it can quickly acquire the feature subsets which are more representative. The experimental results show that: For macro-average and micro-average , the presented method is better than three classical methods: Information Gain、x2 Statistics、 Mutual Information. For the consumed time, the presented method with a CPU is inferior to the above mentioned three methods, but the presented method is superior after using the parallel strategy.

The flow separation is susceptible to appear and is known to affect the aerodynamic performance of the low-pressure high-lift cascade. Large Eddy Simulation was adopted in the present work and the periodic moving bar was employed to simulate the unsteady wake upstream of the blade. The flow control of the synthetic jet with unsteady wake was investigated in detail. The upstream wake increased the turbulent level of the boundary layer of the cascade. The synthetic jet got a better control under the effect of the upstream wake.

Automatic code generation for structured flowchart is of great practical significance. It makes software development based on MDA (Model Driven Architecture) be more practical in detailed processing logic. A depth-first search algorithm based on recursion for identification of structured flowchart is proposed in paper [1]. However, the correctness has not been rigorously proved, either the automatic identification of error structure has not been considered. In this paper, we verify the correctness of the algorithm based on mathematical induction and add some strategies for the identification of error structure.

This paper introduces a design of intelligent smartcar system based on MCU SPCE061A and MCU 89S52. The practical path images are obtained using by the CCD camera, then a double P control method is applied to dynamically adjust steering angle. Based on fuzzy relationship between angle and velocity, the PD controller is proposed to achieve path identification and arbitrary track. Experiments show that the response and stability of the proposed system are excellent.

Synchronization of hyper-chaotic Lorenz system and its application in secure communication is studied. Based on the Lyapunov stability, an active nonlinear controller is presented to achieve synchronization of the drive system and the response system. By the conversion functions, the useful signal is modulated into the drive system, and then a secure communication based on hyper-chaotic masking is derived, which can quickly recover the useful signal from the receiver system. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A Coherent Inc. Ti:sapphire laser MBR-110 is locked to a temperature-controlled high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity supported on an isolated platform. The linewidth is measured by locking the laser to another similar super-cavity at the same time and the heterodyne beatnote between two laser beams that locked to different cavities determines the linewidth. The result shows that the laser's linewidth is suppressed to be 41 Hz. The long-term drift is measured with a femtosecond comb and determined to be similar to 0.1 Hz/s. This laser is used to probe the 4S(1/2)-3D(5/2) clock transition of a single Ca-40(+) ion. The Zeeman components of the clock transit ion with a linewidth of 160 Hz have been observed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The trapping and laser cooling of 40Ca+ ion on the way toward optical frequency standards have been developed. A single 40Ca+ ion is trapped in the miniature Paul trap and laser cooled by two frequency-stabilized diode lasers. A commercial Ti:Sapphire laser system at 729 nm is referenced to a high-finesse cavity to meet the requirements of ultra narrow linewidth of the 4s2S1/2-3d2D5/2 electric quadrupole transition. Its center frequency is preliminarily measured to be 411 042 129 686.1 (2.6) kHz. The attempt to finally lock the 729-nm laser system to atomic transition is made. Further work to improve the accuracy of measurement and the stabilization of system locking is in consideration and preparation.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Herb compatibility is one of the most important characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Rather than being used singly, Chinese herbs are often used in formulae to obtain synergistic effects or to diminish possible adverse reactions. Herb pair, the most fundamental and simplest form of multi-herb formulae, is a centralized representative of herb compatibility. Danggui ( Angelicae Sinensis Radix), a widely used Chinese medicine, is usually combined with another herb to treat women’s diseases in the clinic. A series of herb pairs containing Danggui have gradually become a focus of modern research, and they exhibit encouraging prospects for development. Materials and methods A systematic search for studies related to herb pairs containing Danggui was performed via a library search (books, theses, reports, newspapers, magazines, and conference proceedings) and an electronic search (Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar). These sources were scrutinized for information on Danggui herb pairs. Results Based on a previous statistical analysis, a database containing 16,529 formulae of Danggui from the “Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae” was reviewed. The results showed a high frequency of compatibility between Danggui and other 22 herbs. The most common ratio among these chosen herb pairs was 1:1, and a majority of the pairs were applied for the treatment of diseases in internal medicine. The present paper reviews ethnopharmacology and advances in variations of the bio-active components and compatibility effects of the herb pairs containing Danggui, especially Danggui–Huangqi, Danggui–Chuanxiong, and Danggui–Shaoyao, which are used at high frequency. It was also observed that there were fewer studies of Danggui–Fuzi, Danggui–Huanglian, Danggui–Gancao, Danggui–Fangfeng and Danggui–Ganjiang, although they have been recorded in classical books as commonly used herb pairs. Moreover, some herb pairs such as Danggui–Niuxi and Danggui–Chaihu have been used at high frequency according to the statistical analysis, however, they were not recognized as herb pairs in many relevant books. Conclusions Recently, several TCM researchers have become interested in investigating the bio-active constituents and compatibility effects of herb pairs. Thus, some methods for in-depth study of herb pairs are essential to be established. The in vitro or in vivo bio-active constituents of herb pairs may differ from those of the single herbs. Additionally, comparative methods should be applied to study not only the bio-active constituents but also the effects of herb pairs. Study of component compatibility may be considered when the bio-active constituents and effects of an herb pair have been definitively demonstrated. Overall, the goal of our basic study of herb pairs should be their clinical application and the development of new drugs.

Alkaloids of Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) (PLA) include piperine and piperlonguminine. Piper longum and piperine have multiple biological properties including antioxidant activity.The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of PLA in a MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.PLA was prepared by extracting the dry seed of P. longum using 85% ethanol. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into eight groups of 12 rats each. Experimental and control groups received an equivalent volume of saline, 0.5% CMC-Na, and 0.1% Tween 80, treated groups received oral PLA (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg), other groups treated with piperine (60 mg/kg) or Madopar (50 mg/kg). The PLA prevention group (PLA-Pr) administrated PLA (120 mg/kg) for 1 week before MPTP challenged. Except for the PLA-Pr group, others were treated for seven consecutive weeks. Parkinson's disease was induced by injecting MPTP intraperitoneally (25 mg/kg) twice weekly for five consecutive weeks. Dopaminerigic (DA) neurons and their metabolism were detected by UFLC-MS/MS. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunohistochemistry assay and Western blotting were performed. The antioxidant enzymatic levels were determined by kit-based assays.The LD50 value of PLA was determined at 1509 mg/kg of body weight. PLA (60 mg/kg) can significantly increase total movement time and distance (p0.05), increase levels of DA (p0.05) and DOPAC (p .05), increase glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p0.05), and decrease the lipid peroxidation of malondiadehycle (MDA) (p0.05) in PLA-treated groups as compared with the control group.Our results indicate that PLA possesses neuroprotective effects and has ameliorative properties in dopaminergic neurons.

Background Microvascular decompression is an etiological strategy for the therapy of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Preoperative identification of neurovascular compression, therefore, could have an impact on the determination of appropriate treatment for TN. Purpose To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced and unenhanced three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography in the visualization of neurovascular relationship in patients with TN. Material and Methods Thirty-seven patients with unilateral TN underwent unenhanced and contrast-enhanced 3D TOF MR angiography with a 3.0-T MR system. Images were reviewed by a radiologist blinded to clinical details. Vascular contact with the trigeminal nerve was identified, and the nature of the involved vessels (artery or vein) was determined. All patients underwent microvascular decompression. Results In 37 patients with TN, contrast-enhanced 3D TOF MR angiography identified surgically verified neurovascular contact in 35 of 36 symptomatic nerves, and there was no false-positive. Based on surgical findings, the sensitivity of MR imaging was 97.2% and specificity 100%. The nature of the offending vessel was correctly identified in 94.4% of the patients by using the combination of contrast-enhanced and unenhanced MR angiography. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced 3D TOF MR angiography is useful in the detection of vascular contact with the trigeminal nerve in patients with TN, and this MR imaging in combination with unenhanced MR angiography could help in the identification of the nature of the responsible vessels.

Purpose The purpose of the study was to evaluate the value of high-resolution three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (3D FIESTA) imaging in the visualization of neurovascular relationship in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Methods Thirty-seven patients with unilateral typical TN underwent 3D FIESTA imaging. Neurovascular relationship at the trigeminal root entry zone was reviewed by an experienced neuroradiologist, who was blinded to the clinical details. The imaging results were compared with the operative findings in all patients. Results In 37 patients with TN, 3D FIESTA imaging identified surgically verified neurovascular contact in 35 of 36 symptomatic nerves. Based on surgical findings, the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were 97.2% and 100%, respectively. Agreement between the position (medial, lateral, superior and inferior) of the compressing vessel relative to the trigeminal nerve identified by MR imaging and surgery was excellent ( K =0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.56–1.00). A statistically significant difference was found between the site of neurovascular contact and the clinical symptom related to the trigeminal branch (Fisher's Exact Test, P Conclusions Use of 3D FIESTA sequence enables accurate visualization of neurovascular contact in patients with TN. Anatomic relationships defined by this method can be useful in surgical planning and predicting surgical findings.

Background Hydrocephalus provides challenging management decisions because of multiple VP shunt failures. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure requires urgent management and surgical intervention. We reviewed the outcome of 6 patients who received a conversion from VP to IVA shunt with 8F percutaneous catheter introducer set after previous multiple VP failures to evaluate its efficacy. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 6 patients with multiple previous VP shunt failures treated with an IVA shunt with interventional device 8F percutaneous catheter introducer set at the Second Hospital of Shandong University between May 2005 and July 2007. In this study, clinical manifestation and feasibility of this kind of improved method were analyzed before and after operation. Results The results of CSF diversion after IVA shunt are generally good in terms of improved clinical improvement and reduced ventricular size as shown in the CT scans. All 6 patients successfully underwent conversion from VP to IVA shunt and obtained a functioning VA shunt; no shunt malfunctions occurred during the follow-up period of 3 to 20 months. Conclusion Although small, this study indicates that it is feasible to consider converting from VP to IVA shunt systems in patients with multiple previous VP shunt failures with 8F percutaneous catheter introducer set. This method is a new technique combined with interventional device in the treatment of hydrocephalus, which can relieve hydrocephalic patients of their sufferings.