Search

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an effective therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, acute kidney injury (AKI) may occur after TACE due to the contrast agent and cytotoxic anticancer drugs used in this procedure. Post-TACE AKI is not an unusual event, and may adversely affect patient outcome. Coexisting situations including cirrhosis, renal insufficiency, diabetes and hypertension play a role in the development of HCC, and may predispose patients to AKI after TACE. Most post-TACE are transient and reversible, while prolonged AKI may predict a decreased survival. The best strategy to manage post-TACE AKI is prevention. Patients, before undergoing TACE, should be carefully assessed. In this study, we reviewed the current literature published in English about the incidence rate, risk factors, management and prognosis of AKI in patients with HCC undergoing TACE for a better understanding of this complication.

Based on the upper echelons theory, the research analyzes the effect of demographic traits of entrepreneurs on financing constraints of SMEs with the hierarchical linear models, which samples 530 Chinese listed SMEs from the year 2010. According to the results, it is found that different demographic traits of entrepreneurs have different effects on the financing constraints of SMEs. Specifically, the education and title of entrepreneurs have a positive impact on easing financing constraints of SMEs, meanwhile, age and tenure of entrepreneurs have a significant U-shaped impact, but female entrepreneurs have a negative impact instead. The research not only enriches the theories between demographic traits of entrepreneurs and financing constraints of SMEs, but also provides an empirical support for SMEs in China to ease financing constraints.

Single-layer polymer light-emitting diodes are prepared from blends of poly(N-vinylcarbozole) (PVK) doped with tris(8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminium (Alq3) of 2 wt% (sample a) and 0.2 wt% (sample b). The onset of PVK transient electroluminescence (EL) is delayed with respect to that of Alq3 in sample a under pulsed excitation, while the EL onsets of Alq3 and PVK in sample b are simultaneous. The total carrier mobility of the Alq3-rich regions in sample a is larger than that of the PVK-rich regions. However, the total carrier mobility is homogeneous in sample b. The phase image of atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence spectra of samples a and b indicate that the separated phase of samples a and b exists in the PVK-rich and Alq3-rich regions. The variance of the doping concentration and separated phase in blends results in the different carrier transport mobility of Alq3-rich and PVK-rich regions.

The Stage characteristics of urbanization determine the staged feature of the urbanization-ecological environmental coordinated system. The contradiction between urbanization and the ecological environment mainly reflect on relations of the urban economic development and ecological environment. According to the traditional agricultural economy, the beginning of industrialization, later period of industrialization, information period, and the urbanization-ecological environmental coordinated system is divided into low-level stage, the increasing lack of coordination stage, the adjustment phase and the high level of coordination stage.

The Urbanization of the Northeast China has a typical economic development model that is at the cost of depleting a lot of natural resources. Therefore, it is particularly important to study harmonious development of the urbanization and ecological environment in order to improve the competitiveness of urban sustainable development. On the basis of the evaluation of horizontal coordination of the urbanization and ecological environment in the Northeast, the paper puts forward three control modes such as new-pattern industrialization model, recycling economy model and green community model.

A blue polymer light emitting diode was prepared by inserting an electron transport layer between cathode and poly (N-vinylene carbazole) (PVK) doped by ladder poly (para-phenylene) (LPPP) layer. In comparison with the single layer LPPP device, the brightness of the device was improved by about one order of magnitude. An explanation based on energy diagram of the devices was presented.

If the ship is damaged, we should try our best to guarantee its unsinkability. Ship unsinkability is one of the most important aspects of ship survivability. The intelligent decision support system of ship unsinkability design in the first design stage is founded in this paper. The intelligent decision support system consists of two main functions. One is manual ship unsinkability design and the other is intelligent ship unsinkability design which is introduced in detail in this paper. The survival probability calculation model, ship unsinkability mathematic optimization model and intelligent optimization arithmetic corresponding to the mathematic optimization model are founded in the intelligent decision support system. The gene arithmetic is improved in the intelligent optimization arithmetic. The gene sequence is defined based on the tradition gene definition. The chromosome defined in this paper can be considered as a special chromosome of which gene sequence is ordered. At last, design cases are given to explicate how the intelligent system helps in ship unsinkability design jobs.

A new method for consistency adjustment of fuzzy preference relations matrix in computer-mediated Decision Making Groups was advanced. This method is based on the definition of satisfaction consistency which comes out of two axioms (connexity and transitivity) advanced by Arrow. A new target matrix R was presented, as a result of iteration, the mediation matrix was provided with the satisfaction consistency. Attribute to the present of the target matrix R, the iteration steps were reduced and more preference information was saved in the calculated mediation matrix, thus, more intentions of decision-makers were saved in Group Decision. The course of the proposed method and its predominance were illustrated by an experiment example.

Based on the through review of the past research, this paper firstly explored the construct dimension of organization's obligation in employees' psychological contract with investigation of total 415 employees of SMEs at two samples. The results show four-dimension model: development, transaction, relation and working conditions factors. The correlation analysis identify that psychological contract breach of SMEs' employees will influence organizational effectiveness negatively. And hierarchical regression analysis showed that the transactional factor is most important to the employees in SMEs. Finally the application to human resources management is also discussed.

On the basis of the review of literatures in China and abroad, this paper constructs the evaluation index to measure and assess creditor's rights governance of the listed small and medium enterprises in China, and makes an empirical study on the governance situation of 205 Chinese listed SMEs from four foundational dimensions, namely, solvency, debt financing level, assets maturity structure and debt maturity structure. And from the perspective of enterprise characteristics differences, the paper matching with the growth evaluation system of listed SMEs, and makes a comprehensive and regression research on the two evaluation indices. The results show that the overall governance of creditor's rights in China is poor. The governance index and the growth index have an inverted U-shaped relationship. High solvency and low debt financing are all harm to enterprise growth, the unbalanced structure of debt and asset maturity doesn't impact the growth significantly. The size, quality and effective income tax rate are the most important features of influencing the governance and growth.

Using the life table methods, this paper analyses the enterprises which were established after 1980 in Hunan Province, then it makes a comparative study of median survival time from the angle of cities, industries, capital size, type of ownership and the establishment time and the results show that there is a big difference in survival time of enterprises with different cities, industry, capital size, type of ownership of enterprises and the establishment time. This paper explained and analyzed the differences, the results showed that Chinese enterprises living conditions are not only impacted by of geographic of the business, industry and the scale in the traditional Western theory of industrial organization, but also are impacted by the nature of the ownership and the establishment time which are determined by Chinapsilas national conditions.

Non-tradable share reform has become one of important factors which affected capital market to sustain develop in China. Nowadays, non-tradable share reform is being comprehensively carried on to realize share all-circulation of the capital market in China. This paper established a bargainer strategy model considering share all-circulation of Chinese security market firstly, then got several hypotheses by analyzing volatility factors and deduced the impact of the share all-circulation to the market quality theoretically. Then empirical researched of these hypotheses based on the sample of 435 companies which had finished the non-tradable share reform, by which we can find that share all-circulation can exercise some influences on the market volatility.

In this paper, we present a circuit model for SAGCM (separate absorption, grading, charge and multiplication) APD. It is based on the carrier rate equations in the different regions of the device We deduced the characteristic equations of photo-current and dark current, respectively. According to these current equations, a PSPICE model, which is used in device and circuit simulations, is constructed. Using this model, we simulated the main parameters of SAGCM APD, such as photo-current, dark current and gain. The results are excellent agreement with experimental data over a wide range of bias voltage This model can also be applied to SAM APD and SACM APD by modifying its equivalent circuits.

On the basis of Listed small and medium enterprise's(SMEs) empirical datum in China, this paper applying structure equation model (SEM) to research four dimensions of creditor's rights governance mechanism: solvency, debt financing level, assets maturity structure, debt maturity structure. And we do research on both theory and empirical analysis on the relationship between governance of creditor's rights, enterprise characteristics and growth of SMEs. The result indicates that, the governance mechanism of creditor's rights for SMEs do not have a proper business growth promoting effect, which the solvency do a negative impact on business growth; the maturity structure of assets have no significant impact; debt financing and debt maturity structure of a role in promoting the growth of enterprise, but the debt maturity structure isn't rational enough; debt financing have single type and bank borrowings financing have absolute position; heterogeneous characteristics of enterprise have a significant impact on the governance of creditor's rights and enterprise growth.

Aim of this paper at to the problem of the complexity and changeability of decision support system developing oriented toward complex large group, the core parts of the oriented toward complex large group decision are refined to form the group decision support base kit. The basic kit is guided by the decision problem solving. Firstly, the decision problem solving process and method are designed, then, the basic kit system processing process is proposed. On the base of it, the architecture of the basic kit are constructed. There is actual application meaning to the developing of decision support system oriented toward complex large group.

It is helpful to set an efficient growth evaluation system of SMEs for their development in the future, and there are some existing researches trying to set a growth evaluation system of SMEs from several different aspects. This paper intends to add a factor of credit risk to the existing mature evaluation system, and then through an empirical research on Chinese listed SMEs we find that the new evaluation system is more reliable and efficient than the existing ones.

Aim at to the problem of the complexity and changeability of decision support system developing based on complex large group, the core parts of the oriented toward complex large group decision are refined to form the group decision support base kit. The basic kit is guided by the decision problem solving. Firstly, the decision problem solving process and method are designed, then, the basic kit system processing process is proposed. On the base of it, the architecture of the basic kit are constructed. There is actual application meaning to the developing of decision support system oriented toward complex large group.

The main difficulty with application of many existing multiple criteria group sorting decision aiding methods lies in acquisition of the decision maker's preferential information. Very often, this information has to be given in term of preference model parameters, like importance weights, substitution rates and various thresholds. It is acknowledged, however, that decision makers may prefer to make exemplary decisions than to explain them in terms of special functional model parameters. For this reason, we present a rough set approach to group sorting decisions making in this paper. To deal with decision of multiple decision makers we extend Dominance-based Rough set by introducing specific concepts related to dominance with respect to minimal profiles of evaluations given by multiple decision makers. Our approach differs from existing group decision approaches for we characterize conditions for a consensus attainable by multiple decision makers considered as a whole. Such a perspective permits to handle interactions between decision makers. The usefulness of this approach is illustrated by an example.

Based on reviewing the research on the management incentive and growth at home and abroad, the paper selects small and medium-sized listed companies, which are in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange during 1998~2002,and the panel data of the period 2002~2005 window. Firstly, the paper inspects management incentive status using the descriptive method. Then, it tests the relationship between management incentive and growth using multiple regression model. It studies these from the whole, and by the scale, by financial leverage level or by industry. Finally, it puts forward suggestion to designing the management incentive mechanism.

The false decision ratio in MMOGs is quite high because of the fixed parameter thresholds deployed in the cheating detection mechanism. This paper introduces the trust management into the cheating detection mechanism, and proposes a FuzzyTD algorithm. The algorithm updates player's reputation vector calculated from his history data of the game, and then adjusts the game parameter thresholds further. Therefore, the false decision ratio reduces. The simulation results show that the false decision ratio is much lower, and the performance is much better by introducing the FuzzyTD algorithm.

Based on the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling injection, a model for carriers transport and recombination in organic bilayer devices at high electric field is presented. The influences of applied bias and interface barriers on carriers recombination and its efficiency are calculated and discussed. The theory derived from this model reasonably elucidates the experimental phenomena, and it proves that the electric field can control the carriers recombination region.