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13 results on '"Bruno, M. G."'

1. Urinary Bladder Volume Monitoring Using Magnetic Induction Tomography: A Rotational Simulation Model for Anatomical Slices Within the Pelvic Region

Author

Bruno M. G. Rosa and Guang-Zhong Yang

Subjects
Urinary bladder, Computer science, business.industry, Urinary Bladder, Ultrasound, Electric Conductivity, Biomedical Engineering, Inverse problem, Pelvis, law.invention, Magnetic field, medicine.anatomical_structure, law, Eddy current, medicine, Computer Simulation, Magnetic induction tomography, business, Tomography, Electrical conductor, Volume (compression), Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Urinary bladder volume monitoring can benefit from contactless measurements, as alternative to the traditional medical methods of transurethral catheterization or ultrasound examination. The emerging modality of Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) offers the possibility for estimation of the intravesical volume in the physiological and pathological states using conductivity map reconstructions of the tissues present in the pelvic region. Within MIT, eddy currents originating from the conductive urine can produce their own magnetic field in response to an external magnetic source that is susceptible of being detected outside the body by means of a static ring of sensing coils. However, the ill-conditioned and ill-posed nature of the MIT Inverse Problem make the numerical implementation and conductivity estimation highly laborious. In this paper, we present a rotational frame model based on the MIT principles with application in urodynamic studies, which allows to extend the number of contactless measurements without increasing the overall dimension of the simulation domain, at the expense of solving multiple MIT Forward Problems. On the inversion process, the single-step Gauss-Newton method with Laplacian regularizer is recruited to estimate the bladder volume non-invasively and remotely (estimation error of 19%) using a simplified (quasi 2D) approximation to the distribution of eddy currents in the examined region, therefore paving the way for this technique to surpass the current limitations found in intravesical volume monitoring.

Published
2022
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3. NFC-Powered Implantable Device for On-Body Parameters Monitoring With Secure Data Exchange Link to a Medical Blockchain Type of Network

Author

Salzitsa Anastasova, Bruno M. G. Rosa, and Guang Z. Yang

Subjects
Data stream, Spoofing attack, business.industry, Computer science, Interface (computing), Data theft, Encryption, Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, Control and Systems Engineering, Data exchange, Mobile phone, Computer data storage, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Software, Information Systems, Computer network
Abstract

Implantable devices represent the future of remote medical monitoring and administration of both chemical and physical therapies to the patients. Although some of these devices are already in the market, the security mechanisms deployed inside them to withstand deliberate external influence are still decades away from the robust digital data security schemes employed in modern distributed networks these days. Medical data theft, spoofing, and disclosure pose serious threats that can ultimately lead to individual and social stigmas or even death. In this article, we present a small-form and batteryless implantable device with acquisition channels for biopotential (30-dB gain and 16-Hz bandwidth), arterial pulse oximetry, and temperature (0.12°C accuracy) recordings, suitable for cardiovascular, neuronal, and endocrine parameters assessment. The proposed device is powered by the near-field communication (NFC) interface with an external mobile phone, with a power consumption of 0.9 mW and achieving the full operation for distances close to 1 cm under the skin. In situ encryption of the acquired physiological signals is performed by a lightweight and short-term symmetric-key distribution scheme with data stream hopping, in order to ensure secure data transference over the air between the patient and trusted entities only, complemented by data storage, processing, and recovery through a medical blockchain type of network that involves the main stakeholders inside a medical community.

Published
2021

4. COMPASS criteria applied to a contemporary cohort of unselected patients with stable coronary artery diseases: Insights from the STARTregistry

Author

De Luca L., Formigli D., Meessen J., Uguccioni M., Cosentino N., Paolillo C., Di Lenarda A., Colivicchi F., Gabrielli D., Gulizia M. M., Scherillo M., Maras P., Ramani F., Falcone C., Passarelli I., Mauri S., Calabro P., Bianchi R., Di Palma G., Mascia F., Vetrano A., Fusco A., Proia E., Aiello A., Tomai F., Licitra R., Petrolini A., Bosco B., Magliari F., Callerame M., Mazzella T., Lettica G. V., Coco G., Incao F., Marinacci L., D'Addario S., Tartaglione S. N., Ubaldi S., Sanchez F. A., Costa P., Manca G., Failla M., Procaccini V., Senni M., Luminita E. M., Bonomo P., Mossa C., Corda S., Colavita A. R., Trevisonno G., Vizzari G., Formaro C., Nalin I. L., De Rosa F. M., Fontana F., Fuscaldo G. F., Passamonti E., Bertella E., Calvaruso E. V., Varani E., Tani F., Cicchitelli G., Paoloni P., Marziali A., Campo G., Tebaldi M., Biscaglia S., Di Biase M., Brunetti N. D., Gallotta A. M., Mattei L., Marini R., Balsemin F., D'Urbano M., Naio R., Vicinelli P., Arena G., Mazzini M., Gigli N., Miserrafiti B., Monopoli A., Mortara A., Delfino P., Chioffi M. M., Marino P., Gravellone M., Barbieri L., Ledda A., Geraci G., Carmina M. G., Raisaro A. E., Di Giacomo C., Somaschini A., Fasano M. L., Sannazzaro M., Arcieri R., Pantaleoni M., Leuzzi C., Gorlato G., Greco G., Chiera A., Ammaturo T. A., Malanchini G., Del Corral M. P., Tedesco L., Pede S., Urso L. G., Piscione F., Galasso G., Provasoli S., Fattore L., Lucca G., Cresti A., Cardillo A., Fera M. S., Vennettilli F., Gaudio C., Paravati V., Caldarola P., Locuratolo N., Verlato R., De Conti F., Turiano G., Preti G., Moretti L., Silenzi S., Colonna G., Picciolo A., Nicosia A., Cascone C., Di Sciascio G., Mangiacapra F., Russo A., Mastroianno S., Esposito G., Cosmi F., D'Orazio S., Costantini C., Lanari A., De Rosa P., Esposito L., Bilato C., Dalla Valle C., Ceresa M., Colombo E., Pennisi V., Casciola G., Driussi M., Bisceglia T., Scalvini S., Rivadossi F., Volpe M., Comito F., Scorzoni D., Grimoldi P., Lagioia R., Santoro D., De Cesare N., Comotti T., Poli A., Martina P., Musolino M. F., Multari E. I., Bilardo G., Scalchi G., Olivieri C., Caranci F., Pavan D., Ganci G., Mariani A., Falchetti E., Lanzillo T., Caccavale A., Bongo A. S., Rizzi A., Favilli R., Maffei S., Mallardo M., Fulgione C., Bordin F., Bonmassari R., Battaia E., Puzzo A., Vianello G., D'Arpino A., Romei M., Pajes G., Petronzelli S., Ghezzi F., Brigido S., Pignatelli L., Brscic E., Sori P., Russo M., Biancolillo E., Ignone G., De Giorgio N. A., Campaniello C., Ponticelli P., Margonato A., Gerosa S., Cutaia A., Casalicchio C., Bartolomucci F., Larosa C., Spadafina T., Putignano A., Se Cristofaro R., Bernardi L., Sommariva L., Celestini A., Bertucci C. M., Marchetti M., Franceschini Grisolia E., Ammendolea C., Carini M., Scipione P., Politano M., Rubino G., Reina C., Peccerillo N., Paloscia L., D'Alleva A., Petacchi R., Pignalosa M., Lucchetti D., Di Palma F., La Mastra R. A., Amico A. F., De Filippis M., Fontanella B., Zanini G., Casolo G., Del Meglio J., Parato V. M., Genovesi E., D'Alimonte A., Miglioranza A., Alessandri N., Moscariello F., Mauro C., Sasso A., Caso P., Petrillo C., Napoletano C., Paparoni S. R., Bernardo V., Serdoz R., Rotunno R., Oppo I., Aloisio A., Aurelio A., Licciardello G., Cassaniti L., Francese G. M., Marcassa C., Temporelli P. L., Villani R., Zorzoli F., Mileto F., De Vecchis M., Scolozzi D., Lupi G., Caruso D., Rebulla E., La Fata B., Anselmi M., Girardi P., Borruso E., Ferrantelli G., Sassone B., Bressan S., Capriolo M., Pelissero E., Piancastelli M., Gobbi M., Cocco F., Bruno M. G., Berti S., Lo Surdo G., Tanzi P., De Rosa R., Vilei E., De Iaco M. R., Grassi G., Zanella C., Marullo L., Alfano G., Pelaggi P., Talarico R., Tuccillo B., Irace L., Proietti F., Di Croce G., Di Lorenzo L., Zarrilli A., Bongini M., Ranise A., Aprile A., Fornengo C., Capogrosso V., Tranghese A., Golia B., Marziano A., Roncon L., Picariello C., Bagni E., Leci E., Gregorio G., Gatto F., Piemonte F., Gervasio F., Navazio A., Guerri E., Belmonte E., Marino F., Di Belardino N., Di Nuzzo M. R., Epifani M., Comolatti G., Conconi B., Benea D., Casu G., Merella P., Ammirati M. A., Corrado V. M., Spagnolo D., Caico S. I., Bonizzato S., Margheri M., Corrado L., Antonicelli R., Ferrigno C., Merlino A., Nassiacos D., Antonelli A., Marchese A., Villella A., Bechi S., Lo Bianco F., Bedogni F., Negro L., Donato L., Statile D., Cassin M., Fedele F., Granatelli A., Calcagno S., Politi A., Pani A., De Luca, L, Formigli, D, Meessen, J, Uguccioni, M, Cosentino, N, Paolillo, C, Di Lenarda, A, Colivicchi, F, Gabrielli, D, Gulizia, M, Scherillo, M, Maras, P, Ramani, F, Falcone, C, Passarelli, I, Mauri, S, Calabro, P, Bianchi, R, Di Palma, G, Mascia, F, Vetrano, A, Fusco, A, Proia, E, Aiello, A, Tomai, F, Licitra, R, Petrolini, A, Bosco, B, Magliari, F, Callerame, M, Mazzella, T, Lettica, G, Coco, G, Incao, F, Marinacci, L, D'Addario, S, Tartaglione, S, Ubaldi, S, Sanchez, F, Costa, P, Manca, G, Failla, M, Procaccini, V, Senni, M, Luminita, E, Bonomo, P, Mossa, C, Corda, S, Colavita, A, Trevisonno, G, Vizzari, G, Formaro, C, Nalin, I, De Rosa, F, Fontana, F, Fuscaldo, G, Passamonti, E, Bertella, E, Calvaruso, E, Varani, E, Tani, F, Cicchitelli, G, Paoloni, P, Marziali, A, Campo, G, Tebaldi, M, Biscaglia, S, Di Biase, M, Brunetti, N, Gallotta, A, Mattei, L, Marini, R, Balsemin, F, D'Urbano, M, Naio, R, Vicinelli, P, Arena, G, Mazzini, M, Gigli, N, Miserrafiti, B, Monopoli, A, Mortara, A, Delfino, P, Chioffi, M, Marino, P, Gravellone, M, Barbieri, L, Ledda, A, Geraci, G, Carmina, M, Raisaro, A, Di Giacomo, C, Somaschini, A, Fasano, M, Sannazzaro, M, Arcieri, R, Pantaleoni, M, Leuzzi, C, Gorlato, G, Greco, G, Chiera, A, Ammaturo, T, Malanchini, G, Del Corral, M, Tedesco, L, Pede, S, Urso, L, Piscione, F, Galasso, G, Provasoli, S, Fattore, L, Lucca, G, Cresti, A, Cardillo, A, Fera, M, Vennettilli, F, Gaudio, C, Paravati, V, Caldarola, P, Locuratolo, N, Verlato, R, De Conti, F, Turiano, G, Preti, G, Moretti, L, Silenzi, S, Colonna, G, Picciolo, A, Nicosia, A, Cascone, C, Di Sciascio, G, Mangiacapra, F, Russo, A, Mastroianno, S, Esposito, G, Cosmi, F, D'Orazio, S, Costantini, C, Lanari, A, De Rosa, P, Esposito, L, Bilato, C, Dalla Valle, C, Ceresa, M, Colombo, E, Pennisi, V, Casciola, G, Driussi, M, Bisceglia, T, Scalvini, S, Rivadossi, F, Volpe, M, Comito, F, Scorzoni, D, Grimoldi, P, Lagioia, R, Santoro, D, De Cesare, N, Comotti, T, Poli, A, Martina, P, Musolino, M, Multari, E, Bilardo, G, Scalchi, G, Olivieri, C, Caranci, F, Pavan, D, Ganci, G, Mariani, A, Falchetti, E, Lanzillo, T, Caccavale, A, Bongo, A, Rizzi, A, Favilli, R, Maffei, S, Mallardo, M, Fulgione, C, Bordin, F, Bonmassari, R, Battaia, E, Puzzo, A, Vianello, G, D'Arpino, A, Romei, M, Pajes, G, Petronzelli, S, Ghezzi, F, Brigido, S, Pignatelli, L, Brscic, E, Sori, P, Russo, M, Biancolillo, E, Ignone, G, De Giorgio, N, Campaniello, C, Ponticelli, P, Margonato, A, Gerosa, S, Cutaia, A, Casalicchio, C, Bartolomucci, F, Larosa, C, Spadafina, T, Putignano, A, Se Cristofaro, R, Bernardi, L, Sommariva, L, Celestini, A, Bertucci, C, Marchetti, M, Franceschini Grisolia, E, Ammendolea, C, Carini, M, Scipione, P, Politano, M, Rubino, G, Reina, C, Peccerillo, N, Paloscia, L, D'Alleva, A, Petacchi, R, Pignalosa, M, Lucchetti, D, Di Palma, F, La Mastra, R, Amico, A, De Filippis, M, Fontanella, B, Zanini, G, Casolo, G, Del Meglio, J, Parato, V, Genovesi, E, D'Alimonte, A, Miglioranza, A, Alessandri, N, Moscariello, F, Mauro, C, Sasso, A, Caso, P, Petrillo, C, Napoletano, C, Paparoni, S, Bernardo, V, Serdoz, R, Rotunno, R, Oppo, I, Aloisio, A, Aurelio, A, Licciardello, G, Cassaniti, L, Francese, G, Marcassa, C, Temporelli, P, Villani, R, Zorzoli, F, Mileto, F, De Vecchis, M, Scolozzi, D, Lupi, G, Caruso, D, Rebulla, E, La Fata, B, Anselmi, M, Girardi, P, Borruso, E, Ferrantelli, G, Sassone, B, Bressan, S, Capriolo, M, Pelissero, E, Piancastelli, M, Gobbi, M, Cocco, F, Bruno, M, Berti, S, Lo Surdo, G, Tanzi, P, De Rosa, R, Vilei, E, De Iaco, M, Grassi, G, Zanella, C, Marullo, L, Alfano, G, Pelaggi, P, Talarico, R, Tuccillo, B, Irace, L, Proietti, F, Di Croce, G, Di Lorenzo, L, Zarrilli, A, Bongini, M, Ranise, A, Aprile, A, Fornengo, C, Capogrosso, V, Tranghese, A, Golia, B, Marziano, A, Roncon, L, Picariello, C, Bagni, E, Leci, E, Gregorio, G, Gatto, F, Piemonte, F, Gervasio, F, Navazio, A, Guerri, E, Belmonte, E, Marino, F, Di Belardino, N, Di Nuzzo, M, Epifani, M, Comolatti, G, Conconi, B, Benea, D, Casu, G, Merella, P, Ammirati, M, Corrado, V, Spagnolo, D, Caico, S, Bonizzato, S, Margheri, M, Corrado, L, Antonicelli, R, Ferrigno, C, Merlino, A, Nassiacos, D, Antonelli, A, Marchese, A, Villella, A, Bechi, S, Lo Bianco, F, Bedogni, F, Negro, L, Donato, L, Statile, D, Cassin, M, Fedele, F, Granatelli, A, Calcagno, S, Politi, A, and Pani, A

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, animal structures, Population, Myocardial Infarction, Coronary artery disease, Rivaroxaban, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Registries, Myocardial infarction, education, Stroke, education.field_of_study, Aspirin, business.industry, Health Policy, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.disease, COMPASS trial, Cohort, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, START registry, Mace
Abstract

Aims Recently, the cardiovascular outcomes for people using anticoagulation strategies (COMPASS) trial demonstrated that dual therapy reduced cardiovascular outcomes compared with aspirin alone in patients with stable atherosclerotic disease. Methods and results We sought to assess the proportion of patients eligible for the COMPASS trial and to compare the epidemiology and outcome of these patients with those without COMPASS inclusion or with any exclusion criteria in a contemporary, nationwide cohort of patients with stable coronary artery disease. Among the 4068 patients with detailed information allowing evaluation of eligibility, 1416 (34.8%) did not fulfil the inclusion criteria (COMPASS-Not-Included), 841 (20.7%) had exclusion criteria (COMPASS-Excluded), and the remaining 1811 (44.5%) were classified as COMPASS-Like. At 1 year, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, was 0.9% in the COMPASS-Not-Included and 2.0% in the COMPASS-Like (P = 0.01), and 5.0% in the COMPASS-Excluded group (P Conclusion In a contemporary real-world cohort registry of stable coronary artery disease, most patients resulted as eligible for the COMPASS. These patients presented a considerable annual risk of MACE that consistently increases in the presence of multiple risk factors.

Published
2021

5. Power and data communication in wearable and implantable devices

Author

Guang-Zhong Yang, Bruno M. G. Rosa, Meysam Keshavarz, and Panagiotis Kassanos

Subjects
Supercapacitor, Information sensitivity, Electricity generation, Transmission (telecommunications), business.industry, Computer science, Electrical engineering, Wearable computer, Wireless, business, Energy harvesting, Implementation
Abstract

All wearable and implantable devices require power to operate, while they also need to have communication capabilities to transmit sensory data to secondary devices to aid clinical decision making, while often bidirectional communication is required for the proper control of the wearable or implantable device. Traditionally batteries are used for power. Batteries and supercapacitors are thus initially discussed, with a focus on flexible and stretchable implementations. Battery-powered systems face the issue that their power will eventually be depleted. Biofuel cells are a form of energy harvesting that has significantly advanced over the last few years, with interests particularly focused around energy generation via enzymatic fuel cells exploiting metabolites, such as glucose and lactate that can be found in abundance in biofluids, such as sweat and blood. Recent advances as well as the fundamental architectures, materials, enzymes, and operational principles are elucidated in detail. Alternative energy harvesting approaches, such as piezoelectricity are also briefly discussed. These are followed by an overview of wireless powering and communication methods, which includes inductive, capacitive, electromagnetic, and galvanic couplings, as well as modulation methods. The communication channel needs to be secure, since personal and sensitive information are transmitted, while when bidirectional communication takes place, involving the transmission of data for the control of the wearable or implantable device, safety becomes also an issue.

Published
2021
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6. Portable Impedance Analyzer as a Rapid Screening Tool for Malaria: An Experimental Study With Culture and Blood Infected Samples by Early Forms of Plasmodium Falciparum

Author

Guang Z. Yang and Bruno M. G. Rosa

Subjects
biology, business.industry, 0206 medical engineering, Plasmodium falciparum, Biomedical Engineering, Early detection, 02 engineering and technology, Parasitemia, Frequency dependence, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 020601 biomedical engineering, Malaria, Impedance analyzer, Blood smear, Immunology, medicine, Electric Impedance, Humans, Screening tool, Malaria, Falciparum, business
Abstract

Infection by the parasite of malaria is a serious healthcare problem for populations residing primarily in tropical and subtropical countries. Early detection of the disease is essential to reduce both the mortality rate and spreading of the disease in the infected areas. Current methods for malaria diagnosis still rely on microscopic analysis of blood smears, which is a time-consuming and expensive process, in addition of requiring trained examiners to perform the analysis. In this paper, we introduce a novel fast screening tool for malaria based on a portable blood impedance analyzer. The simultaneous multi-tone injection of current and voltage detection of the device allow reducing the screening time (order of seconds) while enhancing the differences in impedance signal registered among frequencies to increase parasitemia level discrimination. We went further to demonstrate the possibility of directly applying the device on blood samples collected from volunteers to distinguish between infected and non-infected samples. Minimum parasitemia level discriminated was 0.0078% (or, equivalently 390 parasites/μl), which closely approaches the international standard set to 200 parasites/μl. Finally, we also show the frequency dependency of ring-synchronized and unsynchronized blood samples, which can constitute the basis for development of a point-of-care and laboratory-free method to distinguish different stages of malaria infection in economic stagnated communities.

Published
2020

7. Clinical outcomes, pharmacological treatment, and quality of life of patients with stable coronary artery diseases managed by cardiologists: 1-year results of the START study

Author

De Luca, L., Temporelli, P. L., Riccio, C., Gonzini, L., Marinacci, L., Tartaglione, S. N., Costa, P., Scherillo, M., Senni, M., Colivicchi, F., Gulizia, M. M., Rehih, K., Vicchi, C., Amico, A. F., Formigli, D., Geraci, G., Di Lenarda, A., Zia, X., Maggioni, A. P., Lucci, D., Lorimer, A., Orsini, G., Fabbri, G., Priami, P., Maras, P., Ramani, F., Falcone, C., Passarelli, I., Mauri, S., Calabro, P., Bianchi, R., Di Palma, G., Anna, S., Sebastiano, S., Mascia, F., Vetrano, A., Fusco, A., Proia, E., Aiello, A., Tomai, F., Licitra, R., Petrolini, A., Bosco, B., Fazzi, V., Magliari, F., Callerame, M., Mazzella, T., Lettica, G. V., Coco, G., Incao, F., D'Addario, S., Ubaldi, S., Sanchez, F. A., Manca, G., Failla, M., Procaccini, V., Luminita, E. M., Bonomo, P., Mossa, C., Corda, S., Colavita, A. R., Trevisonno, G., Vizzari, G., Cosentino, N., Formaro, C., Paolillo, C., Nalin, I. L., De Rosa, F. M., Fontana, F., Fuscaldo, G. F., Passamonti, E., Bertella, E., Calvaruso, E. V., Varani, E., Tani, F., Cicchitelli, G., Gabrielli, D., Paoloni, P., Marziali, A., Campo, G., Tebaldi, M., Biscaglia, S., Di Biase, M., Brunetti, N. D., Gallotta, A. M., Mattei, L., Marini, R., Balsemin, F., D'Urbano, M., Naio, R., Vicinelli, P., Arena, G., Mazzini, M., Gigli, N., Miserrafiti, B., Monopoli, A., Mortara, A., Delfino, P., Chioffi, M. M., Marino, P., Gravellone, M., Barbieri, L., Ledda, A., Carmina, M. G., Raisaro, A. E., Di Giacomo, C., Somaschini, A., Fasano, M. L., Sannazzaro, M., Arcieri, R., Pantaleoni, M., Leuzzi, C., Gorlato, G., Greco, G., Chiera, A., Ammaturo, T. A., Malanchini, G., Del Corral, M. P., Tedesco, L., Pede, S., Urso, L. G., Piscione, F., Galasso, G., Provasoli, S., Fattore, L., Lucca, G., Cresti, A., Cardillo, A., Fera, M. S., Vennettilli, F., Gaudio, C., Paravati, V., Caldarola, P., Locuratolo, N., Verlato, R., De Conti, F., Turiano, G., Preti, G., Moretti, L., Silenzi, S., Colonna, G., Picciolo, A., Nicosia, A., Cascone, C., Di Sciascio, G., Mangiacapra, F., Russo, A., Villella, M., Esposito, G., Cosmi, F., D'Orazio, S., Costantini, C., Lanari, A., De Rosa, P., Esposito, L., Bilato, C., Dalla Valle, C., Ceresa, M., Colombo, E., Pennisi, V., Casciola, G., Driussi, M., Bisceglia, T., Scalvini, S., Rivadossi, F., Volpe, M., Comito, F., Scorzoni, D., Grimoldi, P., Lagioia, R., Santoro, D., De Cesare, N., Comotti, T., Poli, A., Martina, P., Musolino, M. F., Multari, E. I., Bilardo, G., Scalchi, G., Olivieri, C., Caranci, F., Pavan, D., Ganci, G., Mariani, A., Falchetti, E., Lanzillo, T., Caccavale, A., Bongo, A. S., Rizzi, A., Favilli, R., Maffei, S., Mallardo, M., Fulgione, C., Bordin, F., Bonmassari, R., Battaia, E., Puzzo, A., Vianello, G., D'Arpino, A., Romei, M., Pajes, G., Petronzelli, S., Ghezzi, F., Brigido, S., Pignatelli, L., Brscic, E., Sori, P., Russo, M., Biancolillo, E., Ignone, G., De Giorgio, N. A., Campaniello, C., Ponticelli, P., Margonato, A., Gerosa, S., Cutaia, A., Casalicchio, C., Bartolomucci, F., Larosa, C., Spadafina, T., Putignano, A., De Cristofaro, R., Bernardi, L., Sommariva, L., Celestini, A., Bertucci, C. M., Marchetti, M., Grisolia, E. F., Ammendolea, C., Carini, M., Scipione, P., Politano, M., Rubino, G., Reina, C., Peccerillo, N., Paloscia, L., D'Alleva, A., Petacchi, R., Pignalosa, M., Lucchetti, D., Di Palma, F., La Mastra, R. A., De Filippis, M., Fontanella, B., Zanini, G., Casolo, G., Del Meglio, J., Parato, V. M., Genovesi, E., D'Alimonte, A., Miglioranza, A., Alessandri, N., Moscariello, F., Mauro, C., Sasso, A., Caso, P., Petrillo, C., Napoletano, C., Paparoni, S. R., Bernardo, V., Serdoz, R., Rotunno, R., Oppo, I., Aloisio, A., Aurelio, A., Licciardello, G., Cassaniti, L., Francese, G. M., Marcassa, C., Villani, R., Zorzoli, F., Mileto, F., De Vecchis, M., Scolozzi, D., Lupi, G., Caruso, D., Rebulla, E., Fata, B. L., Anselmi, M., Girardi, P., Borruso, E., Ferrantelli, G., Sassone, B., Bressan, S., Capriolo, M., Pelissero, E., Piancastelli, M., Gobbi, M., Cocco, F., Bruno, M. G., Berti, S., Surdo, G. L., Tanzi, P., De Rosa, R., Vilei, E., De Iaco, M. R., Grassi, G., Zanella, C., Marullo, L., Alfano, G., Pelaggi, P., Talarico, R., Tuccillo, B., Irace, L., Di Lorenzo, L., Zarrilli, A., Bongini, M., Ranise, A., Aprile, A., Fornengo, C., Capogrosso, V., Tranghese, A., Golia, B., Marziano, A., Roncon, L., Picariello, C., Bagni, E., Leci, E., Gregorio, G., Gatto, F., Piemonte, F., Puzio, E., Navazio, A., Guerri, E., Belmonte, E., Marino, F., Di Belardino, N., Di Nuzzo, M. R., Epifani, M., Comolatti, G., Conconi, B., Benea, D., Casu, G., Merella, P., Ammirati, M. A., Corrado, V. M., Spagnolo, D., Caico, S. I., Bonizzato, S., Margheri, M., Corrado, L., Antonicelli, R., Ferrigno, C., Merlino, A., Nassiacos, D., Antonelli, A., Marchese, A., Uguccioni, M., Villella, A., Bechi, S., Bianco, F. L., Bedogni, F., Negro, L., Donato, L., Statile, D., Cassin, M., Fedele, F., Granatelli, A., Calcagno, S., Politi, A., Pani, A., De Luca, L., Temporelli, P. L., Riccio, C., Gonzini, L., Marinacci, L., Tartaglione, S. N., Costa, P., Scherillo, M., Senni, M., Colivicchi, F., Gulizia, M. M., Amico, A. F., Formigli, D., Geraci, G., Di Lenarda, A., Maggioni, A. P., Lucci, D., Lorimer, A., Orsini, G., Fabbri, G., Priami, P., Maras, P., Ramani, F., Falcone, C., Passarelli, I., Mauri, S., Calabro, P., Bianchi, R., Di Palma, G., Anna, S., Sebastiano, S., Mascia, F., Vetrano, A., Fusco, A., Proia, E., Aiello, A., Tomai, F., Licitra, R., Petrolini, A., Bosco, B., Fazzi, V., Magliari, F., Callerame, M., Mazzella, T., Lettica, G. V., Coco, G., Incao, F., D'Addario, S., Ubaldi, S., Sanchez, F. A., Manca, G., Failla, M., Procaccini, V., Luminita, E. M., Bonomo, P., Mossa, C., Corda, S., Colavita, A. R., Trevisonno, G., Vizzari, G., Cosentino, N., Formaro, C., Paolillo, C., Nalin, I. L., De Rosa, F. M., Fontana, F., Fuscaldo, G. F., Passamonti, E., Bertella, E., Calvaruso, E. V., Varani, E., Tani, F., Cicchitelli, G., Gabrielli, D., Paoloni, P., Marziali, A., Campo, G., Tebaldi, M., Biscaglia, S., Di Biase, M., Brunetti, N. D., Gallotta, A. M., Mattei, L., Marini, R., Balsemin, F., D'Urbano, M., Naio, R., Vicinelli, P., Arena, G., Mazzini, M., Gigli, N., Miserrafiti, B., Monopoli, A., Mortara, A., Delfino, P., Chioffi, M. M., Marino, P., Gravellone, M., Barbieri, L., Ledda, A., Carmina, M. G., Raisaro, A. E., Di Giacomo, C., Somaschini, A., Fasano, M. L., Sannazzaro, M., Arcieri, R., Pantaleoni, M., Leuzzi, C., Gorlato, G., Greco, G., Chiera, A., Ammaturo, T. A., Malanchini, G., Del Corral, M. P., Tedesco, L., Pede, S., Urso, L. G., Piscione, F., Galasso, G., Provasoli, S., Fattore, L., Lucca, G., Cresti, A., Cardillo, A., Fera, M. S., Vennettilli, F., Gaudio, C., Paravati, V., Caldarola, P., Locuratolo, N., Verlato, R., De Conti, F., Turiano, G., Preti, G., Moretti, L., Silenzi, S., Colonna, G., Picciolo, A., Nicosia, A., Cascone, C., Di Sciascio, G., Mangiacapra, F., Russo, A., Villella, M., Esposito, G., Cosmi, F., D'Orazio, S., Costantini, C., Lanari, A., De Rosa, P., Esposito, L., Bilato, C., Dalla Valle, C., Ceresa, M., Colombo, E., Pennisi, V., Casciola, G., Driussi, M., Bisceglia, T., Scalvini, S., Rivadossi, F., Volpe, M., Comito, F., Scorzoni, D., Grimoldi, P., Lagioia, R., Santoro, D., De Cesare, N., Comotti, T., Poli, A., Martina, P., Musolino, M. F., Multari, E. I., Bilardo, G., Scalchi, G., Olivieri, C., Caranci, F., Pavan, D., Ganci, G., Mariani, A., Falchetti, E., Lanzillo, T., Caccavale, A., Bongo, A. S., Rizzi, A., Favilli, R., Maffei, S., Mallardo, M., Fulgione, C., Bordin, F., Bonmassari, R., Battaia, E., Puzzo, A., Vianello, G., D'Arpino, A., Romei, M., Pajes, G., Petronzelli, S., Ghezzi, F., Brigido, S., Pignatelli, L., Brscic, E., Sori, P., Russo, M., Biancolillo, E., Ignone, G., De Giorgio, N. A., Campaniello, C., Ponticelli, P., Margonato, A., Gerosa, S., Cutaia, A., Casalicchio, C., Bartolomucci, F., Larosa, C., Spadafina, T., Putignano, A., De Cristofaro, R., Bernardi, L., Sommariva, L., Celestini, A., Bertucci, C. M., Marchetti, M., Grisolia, E. F., Ammendolea, C., Carini, M., Scipione, P., Politano, M., Rubino, G., Reina, C., Peccerillo, N., Paloscia, L., D'Alleva, A., Petacchi, R., Pignalosa, M., Lucchetti, D., Di Palma, F., La Mastra, R. A., De Filippis, M., Fontanella, B., Zanini, G., Casolo, G., Del Meglio, J., Parato, V. M., Genovesi, E., D'Alimonte, A., Miglioranza, A., Alessandri, N., Moscariello, F., Mauro, C., Sasso, A., Caso, P., Petrillo, C., Napoletano, C., Paparoni, S. R., Bernardo, V., Serdoz, R., Rotunno, R., Oppo, I., Aloisio, A., Aurelio, A., Licciardello, G., Cassaniti, L., Francese, G. M., Marcassa, C., Villani, R., Zorzoli, F., Mileto, F., De Vecchis, M., Scolozzi, D., Lupi, G., Caruso, D., Rebulla, E., Fata, B. L., Anselmi, M., Girardi, P., Borruso, E., Ferrantelli, G., Sassone, B., Bressan, S., Capriolo, M., Pelissero, E., Piancastelli, M., Gobbi, M., Cocco, F., Bruno, M. G., Berti, S., Surdo, G. L., Tanzi, P., De Rosa, R., Vilei, E., De Iaco, M. R., Grassi, G., Zanella, C., Marullo, L., Alfano, G., Pelaggi, P., Talarico, R., Tuccillo, B., Irace, L., Di Lorenzo, L., Zarrilli, A., Bongini, M., Ranise, A., Aprile, A., Fornengo, C., Capogrosso, V., Tranghese, A., Golia, B., Marziano, A., Roncon, L., Picariello, C., Bagni, E., Leci, E., Gregorio, G., Gatto, F., Piemonte, F., Puzio, E., Navazio, A., Guerri, E., Belmonte, E., Marino, F., Di Belardino, N., Di Nuzzo, M. R., Epifani, M., Comolatti, G., Conconi, B., Benea, D., Casu, G., Merella, P., Ammirati, M. A., Corrado, V. M., Spagnolo, D., Caico, S. I., Bonizzato, S., Margheri, M., Corrado, L., Antonicelli, R., Ferrigno, C., Merlino, A., Nassiacos, D., Antonelli, A., Marchese, A., Uguccioni, M., Villella, A., Bechi, S., Bianco, F. L., Bedogni, F., Negro, L., Donato, L., Statile, D., Cassin, M., Fedele, F., Granatelli, A., Calcagno, S., Politi, A., Pani, A., Vicchi, C., Zia, X., De Luca, L, Temporelli, P, Riccio, C, Gonzini, L, Marinacci, L, Tartaglione, S, Costa, P, Scherillo, M, Senni, M, Colivicchi, F, Gulizia, M, and Start, I

Subjects
Registrie, Quality of life, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Outcome, Quality of life, Stable coronary artery disease, Treatment, Aged, Cardiology, Coronary Artery Disease, Prospective Studies, Registries, Time Factors, Time Factors, Time Factor, Cardiology, Coronary Artery Disease, NO, Coronary artery disease, angina, Pharmacotherapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, adherence, guidelines, Prospective Studies, Registries, outcome keywords plus:focused update, Cause of death, Outcome, Aged, therapy, treatment, business.industry, Health Policy, association, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, mortality, Confidence interval, stable coronary artery disease, quality of life, outpatients, Treatment, Prospective Studie, Treatment Outcome, Cohort, Observational study, Stable coronary artery disease, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Human
Abstract

Aims We evaluated the 1-year clinical events, pharmacological management, and quality of life in a contemporary cohort of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients managed by cardiologists. Methods and results START (STable Coronary Artery Diseases RegisTry) was a prospective, observational, nationwide study that enrolled 5070 stable CAD patients over 3 months in 183 cardiology centres in Italy. At 1 year, 4790 (94.5%) patients had data on vital status. Death occurred in 107 (2.2%) patients and the cause of death was cardiovascular in 41 (38.3%) of cases. Among the 4775 patients with follow-up data on clinical events available, a hospitalization due to cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes occurred in 523 (11.0%) and in 231 (4.8%) of cases, respectively. Over 60% of patients reported as ‘no problems’ in all domains (61.4–84.5%) of the EuroQoL quality of life 5D-5L questionnaire. Among the 3239 patients with clinical visit/telephone interview at follow-up, in whom optimal medical therapy (OMT; aspirin or thienopyridine, β-blocker, and statin) was prescribed at enrolment, 2971 (91.7%) were still receiving OMT at follow-up. At multivariable analysis, only increasing age (odds ratio 0.98; 95% confidence interval 0.97–0.99; P = 0.04) resulted as independent negative predictor of OMT persistence at 1 year from enrolment. Conclusion In this large, contemporary registry, stable CAD patients managed by cardiologists presented a high rate of clinical events at 1 year. Nevertheless, the persistence to OMT and quality of life appeared reasonable.

Published
2019

8. Smart sensing for surgery from tethered devices to wearables and implantables

Author

Panagiotis Kassanos, Mikael H. Sodergren, Salzitsa Anastasova, Guang-Zhong Yang, Benny Lo, Ara Darzi, Daniel R. Leff, Bruno M. G. Rosa, Melissa Berthelot, Jang Ah Kim, Florent Seichepine, National Institute of Health Research, and Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)

Subjects
Technology, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Wearable computer, New materials, Human Factors and Ergonomics, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Fabrication methods, INFECTION, Microelectronics, Computer Science, Cybernetics, Instrumentation (computer programming), Wearable technology, Science & Technology, End user, business.industry, SENSOR, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, Control and Systems Engineering, Informatics, Computer Science, Systems engineering, BIOSENSORS, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

Recent developments in wearable electronics have fueled research into new materials, sensors, and microelectronic technologies for the realization of devices that have increased functionality and performance. This is further enhanced by advances in fabr ication methods and printing techniques, stimulating research on implantables and the advancement of existing medical devices. This article provides an overview of new designs, embodiments, fabrication methods, instrumentation, and informatics as well as the challenges in developing and deploying such devices and clinical applications that can benefit from them. The need for and use of these technologies across the perioperative surgical-care pathway are highlighted, along with a vision for the future and how these tools can be adopted by potential end users and health-care systems.

Published
2019

9. A Low-powered Capacitive Device for Detection of Heart Beat and Cardiovascular Parameters

Author

Guang-Zhong Yang and Bruno M. G. Rosa

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Capacitive sensing, Amplifier, 010401 analytical chemistry, Electrical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Cutoff frequency, 0104 chemical sciences, Terminal (electronics), Filter (video), Miniaturization, 0210 nano-technology, business, Electrical impedance, Electronic circuit
Abstract

Contact-based skin measurements represent the standard setup for biopotential acquisition in clinical practice. The techniques for ECG, EMG, EOG or EEG recordings have remained largely unchanged for the past decades, apart from electronic circuit miniaturization and ease of connectivity to the Internet of Things. Electrode placement over the skin needs to consider the endogenous currents generated by the body flowing into the terminal inputs of an external amplifier. Although much effort has been devoted lately to the design of electrodes with better conductivity and signal-to-noise ratios, a physical connection between the skin and electronics is still necessary to accommodate the circulation of these currents. In this paper, we present a capacitive sensor for distant ECG acquisition without physical contact with the skin, combining the non-invasiveness nature of the method with contact-less measurements. A high impedance front-end amplifier assures a deviation of the corner frequency to the mHz range for the high-pass filter generated between body surface and amplifier, thus allowing the detection of cardiac events produced by slowly moving AC currents.

Published
2019
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10. Ultrasound Powered Implants: Design, Performance Considerations and Simulation Results

Author

Guang-Zhong Yang and Bruno M. G. Rosa

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Materials science, Wave propagation, Acoustics, Transducers, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Prosthesis Design, Imaging phantom, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Electricity, law, Refraction (sound), Humans, Computational models, Computer Simulation, Breast, lcsh:Science, Ultrasonography, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Phantoms, Imaging, Ultrasound, lcsh:R, Reproducibility of Results, Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Prostheses and Implants, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Lens (optics), Wavelength, 030104 developmental biology, Transducer, Harmonic, lcsh:Q, Female, 0210 nano-technology, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Ultrasounds (US) has been used in the past decades as a non-invasive imaging modality. Although employed extensively in clinical applications for soft tissue imaging, the acoustic beams can also be used for sensing and actuation for biological implants. In this paper we present a unified three dimensional (3D) computational framework to simulate the performance and response of deeply implanted devices to US stimulation and composed by a double piezoelectric layer with different material composition and configurations. The model combines the temporally-invariant distribution of the scattered pressure field arising from the presence of scatterers and attenuators in the domain of simulation, with the time-delay propagation of waves caused by refraction, to solve the Forward Problem in US within the breast and lower abdominal regions. It was found that a lens-shaped implant produces higher peak echoes in the breast for frequencies ≤ 6 MHz whereas, in the liver, similar strengths are obtained for the lens and disk-shaped implants in the higher spectrum. Regarding material composition, a combination of LiNbO3 with PZT-5A yielded higher amplitude signals, when the double layer thickness is comparable to the wavelength of excitation. Experimental validation of the proposed model was carried out in the presence of a synthetic anatomical phantom of the breast and water tank to investigate the acoustic signals generated by disk-shaped implants when stimulated by external US sources in the harmonic and impulsive regimes of wave propagation. The implantation of a double piezoelectric layer inside the human body can, in the future, provide a high resolution system for the detection of surgical site infection as well as tumour growth and other systemic inflammatory responses originating deeply in soft tissues.

Published
2019

11. Imaging from the implantable side: Ultrasonic-powered EIT system for surgical site infection detection

Author

Bruno M. G. Rosa, Guang Z. Yang, and Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, business.industry, Diagnosis tool, Soft tissue, Medicine, Ultrasonic sensor, Implant, business, Surgical site infection, Tissue impedance, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Ultrasounds are a proven medical tool to assess some biological processes, including breast cancer screening, fetal development and blood perfusion. However, ultrasounds also have the potential to deliver power and telemetry capabilities to deeply implant devices, surpassing some of the challenges faced by coils or antennas operating inside the human body. In this paper, we present a small-form implantable device activated by ultrasounds that can perform in situ tissue impedance imaging. The goal is to provide a diagnosis tool to evaluate soft tissue healing after surgery, by searching for areas of bacterial infection as the normal conductivity of tissue will be impaired, a phenomena undetected by standard imaging methods. The benefits that can come from this technology are the reduction of the morbidity rate associated with wound infections and recovery time for patients in hospital. The results obtained by the device have already shown a good performance in tracking conductivity perturbations in two-dimensional domains as part of the experimental setup devised for impedance measurements.

Published
2017
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12. Smart wireless headphone for cardiovascular and stress monitoring

Author

Guang Z. Yang, Bruno M. G. Rosa, and Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)

Subjects
Signal processing, business.industry, Computer science, 010401 analytical chemistry, Electrical engineering, Wearable computer, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Smart material, Impedance parameters, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Microcontroller, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, Electronics, business, Wearable technology
Abstract

Wearable technology has become ubiquitous in recent years due to the miniaturization of circuit electronics and advances in smart materials that can conform to the requirements posed by the human body, behaviour and experience. Sensors of this type are found attached almost to every body segment, capable of delivering signals even in harsh activity scenarios. The reliability and relevance of the physiological data retrieved by wearables have yet to surpass the conventional technologies in the healthcare system today. In this paper we present a small device incorporated inside an headphone set that continuously monitors the ECG, impedance and acceleration of the head. As opposed to most biometric sensors, ECG measurement relies on non-optical methods by capturing the electrical potential around the ear in both sides of the head, whereas impedance monitoring involves AC stimulation instead of DC, the latter commonly involved in skin galvanic response estimation. Signal processing of impedance parameters is performed in situ using a fast variant of the Discrete Fourier Transform in order to save computational resources and power expenditure from a microcontroller equipped with Bluetooth Low Energy. Applications that can benefit from this device include cardiovascular and stress level assessment of individuals for whom an hearable is a requirement for work or leisure.

Published
2017

13. Active implantable sensor powered by ultrasounds with application in the monitoring of physiological parameters for soft tissues

Author

Bruno M. G. Rosa, Guang Z. Yang, and Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Acoustics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Ultrasound, Echo (computing), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Power (physics), Power consumption, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, In patient, 0210 nano-technology, business, Energy (signal processing), Voltage, Power density
Abstract

Ultrasound imaging is a proven diagnostic tool to assess a myriad of physiological and pathological conditions in patients. Throughout the years, ultrasounds have been used as a passive recording modality where the backscattered echo arising from the interaction of the sound waves with the acoustic properties of the biological tissues helps to identify them. Apart from a wide range of therapeutic applications, the acoustic beam has not yet been explored to actuate within the biological environment in an active way. In this paper we present an implantable electronic device to be actuated remotely by ultrasounds with capabilities for measuring several physiological parameters of tissues: pH, temperature, electrolyte concentration and biopotentials. The small factory form device (with no attached batteries) harvests energy from the incoming ultrasound waves and uses it to power the embedded electronics. It operates from voltage levels as low as 0.8 V and consuming a total current of 60 μA (or an average power consumption of 84 μW) in the active mode when deployed at a distance of 3 cm from the active source of ultrasounds in vitro, excited by a sinusoid at 400 kHz with power density of 20 mWcm-2. The sensor can be actuated by a specifically-designed readout device (as detailed in this paper) or using the traditional medical probes for ultrasound imaging. The actual device can present an alternative to surpass the limitations of inductive and RF-powered sensors implanted in soft tissues.

Published
2016
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