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In this research, novel AgIO4/TiO2 heterojunctions with high photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency were fabricated by sonochemical route. XRD, N2-adsorption–desorption isotherm, DRS, PL, XPS and HRTEM analysis are carried out for investigating the physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst. Noticeably, XRS, HRTEM, DRS and PL results reflect the shift in the crystalline diffraction peaks, distortion in the nanostructure, narrowing the band gap energy and reduction in PL intensity revealing the successful construction of AgIO4/TiO2 heterojunction. The as-achieved AgIO4/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibit an excellent hydrogen evolution rate of nearly 8.4 mmol h−1 g−1 which is 40 times higher than that of bare TiO2 with methanol as a sacrificial agent. The excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production reactivity was attributed to direct Z-scheme mechanism in which the positive holes in the valence band of TiO2 and electrons in the conduction band of AgIO4 are recombined; however, the electrons and holes of titania and AgIO4 are preserved with strong reductive and oxidative powers. This novel Z-scheme mechanism between two different semiconductors gives an innovation vision for production of huge amount of hydrogen gas through simple clean route.

The main objective of this paper is to study of hydrogen production in the Sahara region. The present work discusses the possibility of generating solar hydrogen in southern Algeria. This region is among the areas with an average annual considerable Solar Energy in the world. The hydrogen has been produced with experimentation by electrolysis of water; the dissociation water energy is supplied by a photovoltaic module. The average production per square meter of solar panel is studied with both Seasonal factors and geographical areas, which is gives a very important hydrogen production especially in the south. The purpose of this work is to store the hydrogen as energy in the long term. Indeed, the hydrogen can be stored as gas material without significant loss regardless of the duration of storage, and then converted into electricity in a fuel cell (FC). This system, known as Solar-Hydrogen or PV -Hydrogen has many advantages such as, no moving parts, the electrolyzer and the fuel cell will produce without noise. The results from In Guezzam area showed highest ratio of hydrogen production (the annual average) at different locations varies according to solar radiation.

The objective of this paper is Modeling and simulation of electrolyzer model type proton exchange membrane (PEM) that it is connected with solar cells, for to define and identify the factors that influence the production of hydrogen and oxygen. To generate these types of gas, we have used water and a source of electricity generated by solar cells. To perform the simulations results by using MATLAB software. We have used different physical equations defining these types of problems (Nernst-Planck, Nernst −Einstein and Fick's law). The different results shown in this work, that these types of PEM are best suited for desert areas (Adrar) with high temperatures and solar flux. This study shows the influence of temperature on the various parameters ( α , i 0 , D and Q ), and it also shows an electrolyzer equipped with a membrane produces a relatively large amount of hydrogen, volume up to 2.25 L compared with an electrolyzer cell without membrane, volume of 0.0001 L.