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Background: Movement disorders are one of the common neurological problems seen by General physicians and neurophysicians. The clinical phenotype of Movement disorders is variable. Aim of the study: The objective of the study was to study the clinical profile, disease severity and treatment response of Movement disorders at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Results: The present study was a prospective observational study comprising 55 clinically detectable patients of movement disorders. Out of fifty-five, the frequency of various Movement disorders were as follows: Parkinson’s disease- 25 (45.5%), Wilson`s disease (WD)-9 (16.36%), Progressivesupranuclear palsy- 8(14.54%), Essential Tremor with Parkinson disease 5 (9.0%), Choreiform disorders- 5(9.0%). Mean MDS-UPDRS Part III score in OFF stage of PD was 57.7±13.2 and in ON stage was 28.2±10.2 suggesting significant improvement. Seventy-six percentages of PD patients had Good response to Dopaminergic agonists and Levodopa administration, while better response was seen in WD, ET+PD and the poor response in PSP patients respectively. Conclusion: Identifying and describing the clinical phenomenology of Movement disorders is the first step in the diagnostic evaluation of the patients as against to the localization in General Neurological disorders. Disease severity scales do assess the progression of the disease at the earliest and there are affordable regimes of various medications are available to treat them at the earliest, so as to reduce the morbidity and to increase health related quality of life.

Though 100% Fly Ash Utilization has been one of the thrust areas for more than a decade, in India, the actual utilization remains much lower than its generation from thermal power plants. Utilization of ash in civil construction activity, road laying, embankments, agriculture, and development of building materials is unable to keep pace with the huge production to comply with the requirement of MoEF notification. In view of the above, it is essential to focus on the areas suitable for bulk utilization of ash. In this paper, the present scenario of fly ash generation and utilization is studied. It is observed that unless bulk utilization practices are adopted, it is difficult to get rid of the problems of ash disposal in the near future. Few attempts were made in India, for bulk use of fly ash in underground stowing and backfilling of OC mines in the past decade. The problems faced during the experimentation and the feasible solutions to resolve the impediments, based on the earlier attempts, are brought out. It is concluded that it is wise to send the ash to where it has come from, that is to the place where coal has been produced from.

This paper propose a new method for adding of sums and carries at the final stage of the Modified Booth Encoding (MBE) multiplier. In a conventional multiplier final stage, i.e carry propagate adder is used to add sums and carries. After partial product reduction these sums and carries are generated. In this method Carry Save Adder (CSA) is used to reduce the partial products generated by encoder and decoder. The carry generated by a column is fed to the input of a first adder of the next column on left side of the CSA and so on for few columns on Most Significant Bit (MSB) side. Due to removal of the few Adders, the proposed MBE 8x8 multiplier consumes less power, occupies less area, and operates at low voltages i.e at 1.0 V. H-Spice is used to carry out the results for 180 nm CMOS technology.

The aim of this paper is to reduce power and area of the Modified Booth Encoder. The encoders of the multiplier are implemented with Pass transistor XOR-XNOR block instead of two separate XOR and XNOR gates. The encoder consists of one XOR and XNOR with common inputs. The proposed encoder is designed with one XOR with two inputs and two outputs. Between two outputs, one is taken at before an inverter, the function is XNOR. Second is taken at after the inverter for XOR function. Due to this the proposed design eliminates two transistors. Hence this design consumes 47% and 77% less power than Pass Transistor XOR-XNOR [11] and CMOS XOR-XNOR respectively and also occupies less area. The results are obtained using H-spice at 2.0 V for 180 nm technology

In the relationship between economic growth and financial development, it is generally conceded that both variables are likely to be interdependent. However, no attempt has been made so far to estimate a simultaneous equations model to test whether finance causes growth or vice versa. This article uses the Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) method to estimate a two equations model of growth and finance for India to determine the strength of this interdependence. Our results show that Financial Developments (FD) have a small but significant permanent growth effect. However, there is no evidence to support the view that ‘where enterprise leads, finance follows’.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a measure of the electrical movement of the heart, and is obtained by surface electrodes at standardized locations on the patient’s chest. During acquisition, various artifacts/noises such as power-line interference (PLI), baseline wander (BW), muscle artifacts (MA) and motion artifacts (EM) obscure the ECG. It is important that these artifacts are minimized for the clinicians to make better diagnosis on heart problems. This paper researches the creative idea of adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) using two stage form of adaptive filters. The concept of cascading and its algorithm for real-time application is simulated on MATLAB. The proposed algorithm utilizes two adaptive filters to estimate gradients accurately which results in good adaptation and performance. The objective of the present investigation is to provide solution in order to improve the performance of noise canceller in terms of filter parameters which are obtained with the help of adaptive algorithms. Different kinds of two stage ANC algorithms are used to eliminate artifacts in ECG by considering the noises such as power line interference and baseline wander. The simulation results show that the performance of the two stage ANC is superior to the conventional single stage ANC system in terms of higher signal-to-noise ratio. Two stage adaptive algorithms are applied on real time ECG signals and compared their performance with the conventional single stage adaptive algorithms in terms of parameters Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Distortion.

Several studies have examined the relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth. However, most of them did not take into account financial developments and institutional quality. Moreover, Stern [Stern, D., 2004. The rise and fall of the environmental Kuznets curve. World Development 32(8): 1419–1439.] noted that there are important econometric weaknesses in the earlier studies, such as endogeneity, heteroscedasticity, omitted variables, etc. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap in the literature by investigating the linkage between not only economic development and environmental quality but also financial development and institutional quality. We employ the standard reduced-form modelling approach to control for country-specific unobserved heterogeneity and GMM estimation to control for endogeneity. Our study considers 24 transition economies and panel data for 1993–2004. Our results support the EKC hypothesis while confirming the importance of both institutional quality and financial development for environmental performance. We also found that financial liberalization may be harmful for environmental quality if it is not accomplished in a strong institutional framework.

Three panel data estimation methods are used to estimate the cointegrating equations for the demand for money (M1) in 14 developing Asian countries. Tests for the effects of financial reforms are made with estimates for two sub-samples of 1970-1985 and 1986-2005. Our results show that money demand functions in these Asian countries are stable and financial reforms have yet to have any significant effects. This implies that the central banks of these countries should use money supply, instead of the rate of interest, as the monetary policy instrument.