Search

In this qualitative study, the authors apply Callon's sociology of translation to examine how new technology entrepreneurs enact material arguments that involve the first two moments of translation--problematization (defining a market problem) and interessement (defining a market and the firm's relationship to it)--which in turn are represented in a claim, the value proposition. That emergent claim can then be represented and further changed during pitches. If accepted, it can then lead to the second two moments of translation: enrollment and mobilization. Drawing on written materials, observations, and interviews, we trace how these value propositions were iterated along three paths to better problematize and interesse, articulating a problem and market on which a business could plausibly be built. We conclude by discussing implications for understanding value propositions in entrepreneurship and, more broadly, using the sociology of translation to analyze emergent, material, consequential arguments.

For 15 years the millennium development goals (MDGs) were a guiding force for many issues affecting the lives of children and young people around the world. Agreed by UN member states in 2001, the eight MDGs were designed as a framework around which states were expected to develop policy priorities and shape their overseas aid spending plans. The goals provided a focus for donors, international organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) around an overarching ambition to reduce global poverty and its worst effects. Over this time, through a combination of economic growth, more targeted development spending, technical progress and improved cooperation, life certainly has improved for millions of children. Tremendous progress has been made in reducing preventable child deaths, getting more girls and boys into school, reducing extreme poverty and ensuring more people have access to safe water and nutritious food. However, although astonishing improvements have been made on many "averages" across the goals, progress has been extremely uneven. Once you begin to disaggregate the data and break down those averages it soon becomes clear that there are still thousands who have been left behind. Too many children and young people--especially the very poorest, the most marginalized and those in most danger--did not escape poverty, get a quality education or receive protection from violence.

This paper examines the origins of developmental education and explores the way developmental education is administered at selected colleges in Arkansas. Finally, the paper focuses on a model Career Pathways Initiative program at University of Arkansas Community College-Morrilton. Career Pathways invigorates partnerships between colleges and workforce and economic development to meet the needs of employers as more and more industries struggle to find qualified workers. A large number of the community college's targeted population have the ability but lack the skills to meet employers' needs for the 21st century. Career Pathways programs pull together the resources needed to serve individuals, business, and industry. Career Pathways is a means of delivering extensive developmental programming in an efficient manner. Career Pathways promotes the development of an enhanced workforce by tapping into a population that has previously been overlooked: low income, low skilled, unemployed, underemployed, single parent, or incumbent workers needing to hone skills to keep up with the technological and educational changes in the workplace.

The study investigates the direct influence of Institutional Pressures (IP) and Dynamic Managerial Capability (DMC) on digital readiness (DR), and the subsequent impact on strategic renewal (SR) within private hospitals in Indonesia. Utilizing a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional research design, 231 valid responses were analyzed using smart partial least squares (PLS) for structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that institutional pressure directly affects digital readiness, emphasizing the critical role of DMC in mediating the relationship between institutional pressure and digital readiness. Furthermore, the study highlights the strong connection between digital readiness and strategic renewal, underscoring the organization’s capability for digital transformation. The originality of this study lies in its exploration of the interplay between institutional pressures, dynamic managerial capabilities (DMC), and digital readiness (DR) in shaping strategic renewal within private hospitals in Indonesia. By examining how institutional pressures influence DR and the mediating role of DMC, this research uniquely contributes to the understanding of digital transformation challenges in healthcare, offering valuable insights for organizations seeking to enhance their strategic responses in facing digital disruptions.

AbstractThis study investigates how culture influences job satisfaction among academics. Through a two-stage interview process involving 294 Arab academics, 20 satisfaction categories were identified, with ‘institutional givingness’ emerging as the most significant. Institutional givingness, rooted in Arab culture, reflects the key to satisfaction. It manifests in three forms: tangible, emotional, and cognitive. Three perspectives on satisfaction were highlighted: the role of givingness in organizational dynamics, technology’s influence on satisfaction, and emotional obstacles to givingness. These insights underscore the interaction of cultural, technological, and hierarchical elements in Arab academia. The study contributes in three ways: advocating a ‘power and give’ approach for boosting job satisfaction in Arab contexts; revealing cultural differences in satisfaction determinants, with Arabs placing significant emphasis on givingness; and underscoring the importance of addressing hierarchical, technological, and emotional aspects of givingness. These findings are crucial for policymakers and educational leaders, offering a strategic framework to create a more satisfying academic environment aligned with Arab cultural values and expectations, thereby fostering a more engaged and committed academic workforce.

Abstract Impulse buying is the act of purchasing goods suddenly without planning, often triggered by emotional impulses. This phenomenon is important to understand because of its impact on consumer behavior and marketing strategies. Two factors that influence impulse buying are the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which measures the extent to which consumers accept technology based on its ease and usefulness, and utilitarian value, which relates to the practical benefits of the product. This research aims to explore purchasing impulsiveness in e-commerce. This research method is quantitative research with a descriptive statistical analysis approach. The results of this research show a significant influence of online shopping attitudes on impulsive online shopping. Ease of use does not have a significant effect on impulsive online shopping. On the other hand, ease of use influences online shopping attitudes, which shows that convenience fosters positive attitudes. This research conclusion is Perceived utilitarian factors have a major influence on individual attitudes towards e-commerce shopping usage perceived influence on impulsive online shopping or online shopping attitudes. Impulse buying is driven by emotion rather than rational consideration of utility. Abstrak Pembelian impulsif adalah tindakan membeli barang secara tiba-tiba tanpa perencanaan, yang sering kali dipicu oleh dorongan emosional. Fenomena ini penting untuk dipahami karena dampaknya terhadap perilaku konsumen dan strategi pemasaran. Dua faktor yang mempengaruhi pembelian impulsif adalah Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), yang mengukur sejauh mana konsumen menerima teknologi berdasarkan kemudahan dan kegunaannya, dan nilai utilitarian, yang berhubungan dengan manfaat praktis dari produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pembelian impulsif dalam e-commerce. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari sikap belanja online terhadap belanja online impulsif. Kemudahan penggunaan tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap belanja online impulsif. Di sisi lain, kemudahan penggunaan berpengaruh terhadap sikap belanja online, yang menunjukkan bahwa kemudahan menumbuhkan sikap positif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Faktor-faktor utilitarian yang dirasakan memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap sikap individu terhadap belanja e-commerce penggunaan yang dirasakan berpengaruh terhadap belanja online impulsif atau sikap belanja online. Pembelian impulsif lebih didorong oleh emosi daripada pertimbangan rasional atas utilitas.

Building barriers to lock in customers and improving the affective customer experience are two key strategies employed by firms to enhance customer retention. Although pursuing the same goal, these strategies work differently: the former relies more on a calculative, cost-benefit approach to the exchange, while the latter promotes affective aspects of the relationship. Integrating experiential learning theory with social exchange theory, we provide a conceptual framework to understand the impact of lock-in and affective customer experience on customer retention, and the moderating role of relationship depth. Using a comprehensive data set for a sample of 13,761 customers covering all firms in one telecom market for two different services, we empirically test the framework via multinomial logit modeling. The results offer novel insights into the interplay between the two strategies. For poor affective customer experience (i.e., a score below five on a 0-10 scale), lock-in helps firms reduce customer churn (between 49.03% and 47.86%). However, the impact of lock-in decreases when affective customer experience improves and turns to be insignificant once the experience reaches the 'acceptable level' (i.e., a score above seven on a 0-10 scale). Importantly, the separate and joint effects of the two strategies are stronger when there is a low relationship depth, and weaker when heavy relationships are established. The findings offer useful practical advice to manage these strategies in an efficient and optimal way., Author(s): Lily (Xuehui) Gao [sup.1] , Evert de Haan [sup.2] , Iguácel Melero-Polo [sup.1] , F. Javier Sese [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.11205.37, 0000 0001 2152 8769, Department of Marketing, [...]

For schools as educational institutions, it is essential to identify their conditions and determine the right strategy for their sustainability. The research aimed to design the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a performance measurement tool at Sekolah XYZ. The research applied a qualitative method with Simple Research Design (SRD) as an analytical model. For data analysis, the research applied the stages of preparation in BSC. The primary data collection method was conducted through interviews with five key informants. The measurement indicators consisted of five indicators from a financial perspective (weight: 25%), three indicators from a customer perspective (weight: 25%), nine indicators from an internal business process perspective (weight: 30%), and five measurement indicators from the learning and growth perspective (weight: 20%). In addition, the BSC design was equipped with a validation system and an evaluation system to support the BSC implementation at Sekolah XYZ. The results show that based on the vision and mission of the organization, there are 12 objective strategies to be achieved, with 22 measurement indicators that are appropriately implemented at Sekolah XYZs. The BSC at Sekolah XYZ is necessary to be designed so its management can easily trace and find the causes of the school’s success or failure. The results of the BSC design at Sekolah XYZ can be used as recommendations for other schools that want to implement BSC, with adjustments according to the conditions of each school.

The definition of the sharing economy is still unclear and causes inconsistent research contributions and the application of the concept of the sharing economy business model. The research focused on developing sharing economy business model that supported sharing economy for company sustainability. The research approach was a qualitative research, the object was data related to the sharing economy business model on company sustainability. The sample data were collected from consumers’ comments and reviews on the Gojek application on Google Playstore. The data used were 23.888 reviews. Then, Bigram was used as text processing and language developed by the system to identify topics in the comment data using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling to determine trending topics. The results show that the sharing economy business model have an important role in company sustainability. There are important elements, such as type of platform, shared practice, place of interaction, review system, and revenue stream. The research also provides additional contributions to scientific development in the managerial field. It is expected to support the sharing economy theory and business model. Last, the research results can support and prove that the sustainable company is good at implementing the sharing economy business model for company sustainability.

The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of personality, perceptions of the organizational environment, and characteristics of violations on the whistleblowing intention in educational institutions. This study is expected to contribute to the management of higher education to protect their organization from fraud. Personality variable has three proxies, namely perceptions of reporting costs, locus of control, and organizational commitment. The organizational environment perception has 3 proxies, namely the perception of the internal control system, organizational climate and organizational support, while the characteristics of fraud are proxied by the status of the violation and the seriousness of the violation. The participants of this study were lecturers in universities in Semarang. The data were collected from the surveys using random sampling method. Questionnaires on whistleblowing were distributed to lecturers and we get 100 participants. The data was processed use a multiple linear regression with SPSS software. The result of this study showed that the organizational climate and the seriousness of the violation positively affected the whistleblowing intention. Meanwhile, the organizational commitment, perception of the cost of violations, internal locus of control, organizational support, the internal control system and the status of the violation did not significantly affect the whistleblowing intention.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of intensive monitoring of the achievements of online queuing system utilization through Mobile JKN at FKRTL Champion in 2022. The method used is descriptive quantitative by comparing data on online queue utilization, quality rate (QR) and the average total service time for outpatient visits through Mobile JKN before and after the implementation of monitoring and piloting of 3 (three) FKRTL Champions in Bulukumba District, Bantaeng Regency and Jeneponto Regency in 2022 which were chosen to represent each type and class of FKRTL. The results of the study found that the implementation of intensive monitoring and the piloting of 3 FKRTL Champions which had been carried out since December 2022 had effectively increased the achievement of using online queues through Mobile JKN compared to other collaborative FKRTLs. Apart from that, intensive monitoring and the piloting of FKRTL Champion can also increase the Quality Rate with an average achievement above 80% and the use of online queues through Mobile JKN also effectively shows the efficiency of the average service time at FKRTL outpatient services.

This study investigates the multiple exchange rate exposure of large non-financial firms in Asia and emerging countries using the unadjusted and adjusted two-factor exchange rate exposure model. The autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) method was applied to investigate the existence of exchange rate exposure. The Dimson-Fowler-Rorke (DFR) adjustment method was applied to adjust the ordinary least squares (OLS) market risk estimator for the thin trading phenomenon. The study’s findings indicate that exchange rate exposure does affect firm value. Incorporating the DFR market beta in the exchange rate exposure model indicates two important findings. Firstly, there is a significant increase in the number of firms exposed to exchange rate movements, especially in Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Secondly, there are more firms that will be exposed to multi bilateral exchange rate exposure across the sample countries. The findings imply that market characteristics such as thin trading could be an alternative explanation of the exchange rate exposure puzzle. Furthermore, future research should include asymmetric analysis as an alternative explanation for exchange rate exposure.

This study aims to determine the direct and indirect influence between employee value proposition (EVP), and employee satisfaction (ES) on employee productivity (EP) in the Hospitality Industry, during the Covid 19 pandemic. This research was conducted by conducting observations and surveys to several hotels around the Jakarta area. Respondents in this study were employees who worked at the Hotel as many as 133 respondents, with sampling techniques using purposive sampling, data collection was conducted with the dissemination of questionnaires and this research was conducted with a descriptive quantitative approach. The analysis technique used is path analysis. The results showed that EVP had a positive and significant direct and indirect effect on employee productivity.

Shopping has become an important lifestyle activity especially for the millennials, however due to the lack of consumer knowledge, purchase decision has become more difficult for consumers in terms of buying different products including sports shoes. Furthermore, there is lacking literature to examine the impact of consumer shopping behaviour and no specific research on sports shoes market has ever been done by any scholar. This research was conducted to fill the research gap and the main purpose is to evaluate the purchasing behaviour of Generation Y towards the sports shoes in the Malaysian market. This research will benefit the sports shoes executives both locally and internationally, be it brand expansion, market positioning or marketing strategy purpose. This research used a primary quantitative method and an inductive approach via Google survey questionnaire to collect data from 100 Generation Y participants. Data analysis was done using Multiple Regression and Pearson Correlation in SPSS. The variables selected for the research were cost effectiveness, income levels, innovation and creativity, and cultural and personal factors. This research showed that cost-effectiveness and income levels were the most influential factors for Generation Y consumer decision-making process in buying sports shoes. While regression analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship of innovation and creativity and income of individuals while the rest of the variables are insignificantly related to the buying behaviour. It has been recommended that sports shoe companies to diversify target market, provide customised shoes and introduce budget friendly products.

This research paper debates about the direct impact of consumer buying decision in relation to the Malaysian sports shoe market. To create outstanding marketing plans to entice the market, it is utmost important for the marketers to understand the consumer buying decision pattern. Therefore, to address this issue, this research will study the main factors that influences the consumer buying decision on sports shoes available in Malaysia and the extend of impact for each factor. The four buying factors identified in this research are income expectations, cost-effectiveness, innovation and creativity and lastly cultural and personal factor. Asides, this paper also addresses the theories on rational behavior which outline the five-step process of consumers purchase and impulsive behavior which primarily motivated by external stimuli. This paper has concluded that the understanding of consumer buying decision not only helps marketers to create and shape effective marketing strategies but also keep the Malaysian sports shoes market competitive in the long run.

Se llevó a cabo un estudio bibliométrico para examinar la incidencia de las tecnologías de la información en los procesos de toma de decisiones; para lo cual se efectuó una búsqueda de los artículos presentes en publicaciones Scopus. La búsqueda arrojo 1220 artículos a los que se les calculó los indicadores de cantidad, calidad y de estructura. Los resultados muestran una dispersión del conocimiento con tendencia creciente en la generación de investigación en la toma de decisiones tecnológicas en Estados Unidos, China y Reino Unido. Además, esta tendencia está dada por autores con densidad de colaboración, producción e influencia, dispersos en China, Estados Unidos, Reino Unido, Canadá, Corea del Sur, España, Alemania y Australia. Se concluye que la investigación sobre toma de decisiones con apoyo en las tecnologías se enfoca en subtemas como toma de decisiones multicriterios, topsis, evaluación de tecnología sanitaria, energía renovable, sustentabilidad y evaluación de tecnología, lo que demuestra que las investigaciones al respecto se focalizan a partir de las necesidades de mercado.

The physical therapy graduate must possess the necessary competencies in manipulation as recommended by the World Confederation for Physical Therapy Guidelines for Entry-Level Education. This study aimed to investigate the inclusion of joint manipulation instruction in Philippine Physical Therapy Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and determine the factors affecting its implementation. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was used to collect data and analyze findings. The Department Heads of government recognized physical therapy schools were invited to participate in the study and thirty-five schools responded to the survey. Results showed that there was limited inclusion of manipulation in the physical therapy curriculum of select Philippine HEIs, with lesser application of the techniques in the spine as compared to the extremities. The respondents reported that the lack of qualified faculty in their respective institutions was the primary reason for the limited inclusion of thrust manipulation in the curriculum.

This research is intended to indetify the reason of management for applying green hotels concept, to describe policy of management related green hotels, to analyse the obstacle that will face, to know well positive impact that will get and to explore customer reaction regarding green hotels implementation in Harris Hotels & Conventions. The researcher use describtions methode with qualitative approach, also use primary data and secondary data that was collected by observation technique, interview, and documentation. This interview was conducted to 5 persons from hotels management and 15 persons from customer. The result of this research show that The Haris Hotels implement green concept due to goverment regulation and desire to do continues environment fundamental. Harris Hotel & Conventions Malang make some policy base on building side, efficiency of energy, product selection and waste management which follow standart of Green Hotels concept, except policy of water efficiency that not yet reach maximum result. There are 5 obstacles that will face and 2 positive impact that will get from green hotel concept implementation. Beside, customer reaction tend to support if Harris Hotels & Conventions Malang become green hotels.

Unemployment still becomes a major problem for most developing countries like Indonesians. It is generally acknowledged that one of the efforts to overcome such problem is by creating new employments, particularly entrepreneurship and in this respect to enhanced through entrepreneur education. Should it be given college students, it will provide prominent influence in the development of entrepreneurship activities., in addition, several studies also mention that family support is also influential, where children of entrepreneurs or people who own businesses tend to be entrepreneurs. Both factors are expected to raise student’s entrepreneurial intention, people’s intention to start ventures. This study intends to identify the effect of entrepreneurial education and family support on entrepreneurial intention. This study uses a survey method with questionnaires and Partial Least Squares as its statistical instrument surveying all university students in Malang Raya who have taken entrepreneurship course. Both hypotheses of this study are accepted were the main result stating that entrepreneurial knowledge positively and significantly influences entrepreneurial intention. Others major implications are also discussed in this article.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the mediating role of learning capability on the relationship between technological capability, relational capability and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance in developing economy of Africa. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative survey design was employed to collect the data from owner/manager of manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria. Partial least square structural equation model was used in the evaluation of both the measurement and structural models to determine the reliability and validity of the measurement and test the hypotheses, respectively. Findings – The statistical result indicates a positive relationship between technological capability, learning capability and SMEs performance. Equally, relational capability significantly and positively relates to SMEs learning capability. However, relational capability negatively relates to SMEs performance, while technological capability also negatively relates to learning capability. Furthermore, learning capability mediates the negative relationship of relational capability and SMEs performance to significant positive relationship, while it does not mediate the relationship of technological capability and performance. Research limitations/implications – The analysis of this study is restricted to only resource-based view and dynamic capability theory. Data of the study were collected once a time on a self-reported technique. The study contributed significantly to the body literature on technological and relational capabilities and performance. It also demonstrated the need for SMEs manager to recognize and appreciate the roles of these strategic capabilities in achieving sustainable competitive position. Practical implications – Through relational capability SMEs develops efficient collaborative relationship to acquire new techniques, knowledge. This is specifically, essential for SMEs firms from less developing and emerging economies as they are lagging behind at the global competitive platform, and that the possession of specific advantage locally may not be adequately enough to help penetrate the global markets. Similarly, technological capability enable firms to identify acquire and apply new external knowledge to develop operational competencies which may lead to the attainment of superior performance. Social implications – Government policies and programs designed to support technological development and innovation must be adjusted to consider the peculiar nature of SMEs firms in terms of technology and innovativeness that enhances competitive position and performance. Originality/value – This study empirically examined the relationship of technological and relational capabilities and the SMEs learning capability and performance.

Despite the prevalence and high cost of real estate agents, there is limited empirical evidence as to the nature or efficacy of their services. In this paper we estimate real estate agents' value-added when either selling or buying homes using data from three large multiple listing services (MLS). We find that homeowners who forgo a conventional real estate agent, but who list their homes on the MLS via a flat fee broker, sell for between 1 and 4 percent more before commission but take longer to sell and are less likely to complete a sale. However, these average effects mask a significant amount of real estate agent heterogeneity. Using a novel aspect of our data, which allows us to identify and track agents over time, we estimate the distributions of real estate agents' fixed effects in both hedonic and time-on-the-market models. We find that exchanging a listing agent in the 25th percentile for one in the 75th would increase the final sales price by 5-6 percent, and a similar exchange for buying agents would lower purchase prices by 4-6 percent. The interquartile range of agent fixed effects from our model of time-on-the-market is 17-25 days. We do not find a significant trade-off between price and time-to-sell, however, as agents who obtain higher prices do not take longer to sell, suggesting that they are not simply setting higher reservation prices. We also show that agents who sell homes for more also appear to pay more for a home when serving as a buyer's agent, indicating that the average agent does not possess exceptional negotiating skills or that such skills are overwhelmed by principal-agent problems. Finally agents do not appear to get better at bargaining; agents do sell faster with experience, but mostly by selling for lower prices. JEL classification: R21, R31, G12, G20 Key words: real estate, housing, real estate agent, house prices, Working Paper 2022-11 September 2022 1 Introduction In many types of contract negotiations, economic actors rely on a third party to help facilitate the transaction. Examples of these types of [...]

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation terhadap kinerja perusahaan melaui absorptive capacity. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pada Hotel Non Bintang di Kepulauan Riau. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Partial Least Square Structural Equation Market (PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan program SmartPLS Versi 3. Sampel penelitian ini adalah manajer/direktur hotel non bintang di Kepulauan Riau. Hasil penelitian ini adalah mengungkapkan bahwa market orientation berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan dan absorptive capacity berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Hasil lainnya adalah market orientation berpengaruh positif berpengaruh positif terhadap inovasi, entrepreneurial orientation berpengaruh positif terhadap inovasi, market orientation berpengaruh positif terhadap absorptive capabsorptive capacity, entrepreneurial orientation berpengaruh positif terhadap absorptive capacity. Pada penelitian ini juga ditemukan bahwa market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan mediasi absorptive capacity

This study examines the relationship between criminal activities and the multi-macroeconomic factors of economic growth, unemployment, poverty, population and inflation in Malaysia from 1980 to 2013. The ARDL bounds testing of the level relationship was used to establish the long-run relation, and the Toda-Yamamoto Augmented VAR approach was used to test the short-run impact based on partial Granger non-causality analysis. Empirical results suggest that economic growth, inflation, poverty and population are significant factors affecting criminal activities in Malaysia with economic growth and poverty recording positive effects, whereas negative effects were recorded for inflation and population in the long-term. Further investigation using Granger non-causality analysis revealed that only population does Granger caused the criminal activities in the short-run. The findings provide useful information for policymakers to strengthen the existing crime-related policies in order to improve safety and security while maintaining economic sustainability in Malaysia.

Purpose: The current procurement of goods and services refers to the Electronic Procurement Service (E-Procurement) system in accordance with Presidential Regulation No.16 of 2018, however in its implementation the contractors still need adjustments. One of them is the contractor involved in the case study of this research which has failed in several tenders. This can create risks associated with value and profitability of the company. This study aims to cover this gap by knowing the risk factors for failure, level and the form of handling carried out by distributing questionnaires to the related contractors. Design/methodology/approach: Data analysis was performed using statistical software and the value was mapped using the Risk Relative Importance Index (RRI). Findings: The result show that the capacity of the bid files to upload is too large and there is no supplier support, are in moderate risk levels with scale respectively of 8,836 and 7,407. Problematic internet signal factors and incomplete design maturity levels are in high risk levels with a scale of 11.868 and 12.586. Meanwhile, the extreme risk level, namely the price cannot compete with other participants and the very limited time for calculating the tender, on a scale of 12,586 and 15,339 are factors that need attention.

This article examined the contribution of resources and capabilities to the competitiveness and performance of micro enterprises within the context of resource-based view. Cross-sectional survey design was employed. The data came from 183 registered micro enterprises in Catarman. The result showed that the value of resource-capability combinations is inversely related to competitive advantage, while the rareness of resource-capability combinations is positively related. The direct and indirect effects of competitive advantage between value and rareness of resource-capability combinations and performance were established. The moderating effect of business age between competitive advantage and performance was determined. This study added support to the application of resource-based view to micro enterprises in rural areas in a developing economy and unravel important implications for micro enterprises in Catarman. Keywords: micro enterprise; resources; capabilities; competitive advantage; performance JEL Classifications: M1, M2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.11285

Conflicting views on corporate social responsibility have led to various studies on CSR. However, the previous studies focused mainly on large firms rather than small and medium entrepreneurs. It is important to study corporate social responsibility in the context of small and medium enterprises. This is because any initiatives taken by small and medium enterprises can affect society and the economy due their large contributions. Therefore, this paper provides a view on corporate social responsibility among Malaysian entrepreneurs, mainly small and medium enterprises.

Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) dan Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH) terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Sarbagita Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah Sarbagita Provinsi Bali menggunakan metode sampling jenuh dalam penentuan sampel dengan populasi dan sampel adalah wilayah Kota Denpasar, Kabupaten Badung, Kabupaten Gianyar dan Kabupaten Tabanan pada tahun 2012 - 2016. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi nonpartisipan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis deskriptif daan regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Sarbagita Provinsi Bali. Sedangkan Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU) dan Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH) berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Sarbagita Provinsi Bali.