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In this study, a novel converter which integrates three capacitor clamped circuits and coupled inductor is proposed for high voltage gain. Compared with classical clamped circuit, these clamped circuits which are composed of one diode and three capacitors are used to improve voltage gain and achieve a continuous input current in this proposed converter. The proposed converter has four different clamped circuits, which can be divided into two types, including horizontal clamped and vertical ways. Moreover, each type of new clamped circuit corresponds to two different clamped circuits. This makes the designer have more selections to recycle the energy stored in leakage inductor. Besides, one of the three capacitors is connected in series with the output capacitor to efficiently reduce the voltage stress across the output capacitor, and voltages of both of them are less than half output voltage. Finally, in these converters, a converter based on three capacitor clamped circuit as a representative is analysed in detail. A prototype circuit is established in the laboratory to demonstrate the performances of this converter.

Background Periarthritis of shoulder (PAS) symptom is one of the leading causes prompting many patients to seek treatment. Tuina is a common treatment for PAS in China. But at present, there is no systematic evaluation report on its therapeutic effectiveness and safety. This protocol aims to reveal the efficacy and safety of Tuina for treating PAS. Methods The following databases will be searched by electronic methods: PubMed, EBASE, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Embase, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan-fang Data (WANFANG), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and other sources from inception to December 2019. Bias risk, subgroup analysis, data synthesis, and meta-analyses will be assessed with RevMan V.5.3 software if the data is met inclusion conditions. Results This study will present a quality evidence of Tuina for the treatment of PAS patients. Conclusion The systematic review will present reliable evidence to judge whether or not Tuina is a safe and effective intervention for PAS patients. Prospero registration number CRD42019147445.

Previous clinical trials have suggested that the Chinese Tuina massage may exert transient analgesic effects. However, further investigation regarding the underlying mechanism has been hindered by the lack of a suitable animal model of pain. The present study established a rat model of hind leg pain by injecting 5.8% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) into the left gastrocnemius muscle. The effects of various Tuina massages on the pain thresholds of the rats were then measured. In addition, the effects of ipsilateral and contralateral Tuina massages on C-fiber-evoked field potentials following electrical stimulation of the left sciatic nerve were determined. Alterations in the gastrocnemius muscle tissues following various Tuina applications were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin, and desmin staining, as well as malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase assays. Heavy hand pressure transiently reduced the pain sensitivity of both posterior limbs, despite HSS only being injected into the left hind leg. Tuina massage treatments that lasted for 15 min were associated with the best results and an absence of local tissue changes. The results of electrical sciatic nerve stimulation demonstrated that ipsilateral and contralateral Tuina massage may decrease the level of peripheral nociceptive C-fiber activity. In the present study, the Chinese Tuina massage exerted analgesic effects in a rat model of pain, which did not involve tissue damage, following a 15 min massage. Therefore, the rat model of pain used in the present study may provide a novel approach for investigating the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Tuina massage.

This paper presents two nose cones models and their numerical calculation of aerodynamic noise in high speed airflow field combining the analysis theory of fluid dynamics with the acoustic boundary element analysis method. The noise sound pressure levels (SPL) of these two models are calculated under the different speed airflow. And we compare the SPL of the better model with that of commercial nose cone models. These simulated results show that the aerodynamic noise of the nose cone with a ellipsoid head has lower flow-induced noise than that of commercial nose cone models at relative high air flow velocities at most frequencies.

In this paper, we proposed a novel communica-tion solution for ship handling simulators by using both multiaddress broadcast and connection oriented socket, which has advantages such as few data flow, less of data blocking, easy to extent and deploy, access an exercise at runtime, etc.

Room-temperature refractive indices dispersion and anisotropy were measured in single Ca0.28Ba0.72Nb2O6 (CBN-28) crystal between 380 and 700 nm. The refractive index of Ca0.28Ba0.72Nb2O6 are measured by the spectroscopic ellipsometry. The dispersion curves were fitted to different Sellemeier functions. The normal dispersions were observed. Using the interference of polarized light, the birefringence in the long wavelength region is obtained. The results are in good agreement with the reference. A new technique was used to analysis the experiment data and this technique is proved to be more simple and efficient. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

This paper discusses the principle of using holographic phase-contrast microphotography in crystal growth research and the conditions for improving the resolution and the quality of the reconstructed image. The regularities in variation of the crystal surface morphology and the concentration fields in different states for the crystals growing from aqueous solutions are observed. The saturation and supersaturation of the solutions are also presented.