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The Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH) held seven targeted observing periods (TOPs) during the 2022 austral winter to enhance atmospheric predictability over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica. The TOPs of 5-10-day duration each featured the release of additional radiosonde balloons, more than doubling the routine sounding program at the 24 participating stations run by 14 nations, together with process- oriented observations at selected sites. These extra sounding data are evaluated for their impact on forecast skill via data denial experiments with the goal of refining the observing system to improve numerical weather prediction for winter conditions. Extensive observations focusing on clouds and precipitation primarily during atmospheric river (AR) events are being applied to refine model microphysical parameterizations for the ubiquitous mixed-phase clouds that frequently impact coastal Antarctica. Process studies are being facilitated by high-time-resolution series of observations and forecast model output via the YOPP Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (YOPPsiteMIIP). Parallel investigations are broadening the scope and impact of the YOPP-SH winter TOPs. Studies of the Antarctic tourist industry's use of weather services show the scope for much greater awareness of the availability of forecast products and the skill they exhibit. The Sea Ice Prediction Network South (SIPN South) analysis of predictions of the sea ice growth period reveals that the forecast skill is superior to the sea ice retreat phase. KEYWORDS: Antarctica; Southern Ocean; Numerical weather prediction/ forecasting; Cloud microphysics; Numerical analysis/ modeling, 1. Introduction The Polar Prediction Project (PPP) was a 10-yr (2013-22) initiative of the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) aimed at significantly improving weather and environmental [...]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Slawistik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Weather Service (NWS) has been providing national, regional, and local climate services for more than 20 years. The NWS climate services building blocks consist of service provision infrastructure, partnership and outreach, discovery of user needs and requirements, and service delivery at national, regional, local, and tribal levels. To improve services, the NWS climate services program accelerated user engagement through customer surveys, workshops, and collaborations. Since 2002, the annual Climate Prediction Applications Science Workshop has developed a community of climate information producers and users through sharing of climate science applications, decision support tools, and effective communication practices. Although NWS had been producing operational climate monitoring and prediction products for several decades, the Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (U.S. Public Law 115-25) specifically mandated that NWS deliver services at subseasonal to seasonal time scales, including periods from two weeks to two years. Looking ahead, both the Department of Commerce (DOC) and NOAA have included climate services in their new 2022-26 strategic plans, including DOC's goal to address the climate crisis through mitigation, adaptation, and resilience efforts and NOAA's initiatives to build a Climate Ready Nation (CRN). The NWS Climate Services Program supports these strategic goals and CRN initiatives through integrating climate information into Impact-based Decision Support Services, the most critical element for implementation of the NWS strategy for a Weather-Ready Nation. This includes application of state-of-the-art climate monitoring and prediction products to the most societally relevant impacts while empowering regional and local climate delivery of enhanced services. KEYWORDS: Climate; Climate records; Climate services; Decision making; History; Societal impacts, 1. History of the NWS regional and local climate services The year 2023 marked the twentieth anniversary of the regional and local climate services infrastructure established in the National Oceanic [...]

This article highlights four books that delve into various aspects of Los Angeles urban history, providing library patrons with a range of perspectives on the city. The books cover topics such as business investments in Mexico, local societies during the Great Depression, gangsta rap, and art and architecture. The common theme across these subjects is the exploration of power structures, including economics, land, race, and culture. Two of the books, "To Live and Defy in LA" by Felicia Angeja Viator and "The Speculative City" by Susanna Phillips Newbury, focus on underrepresented voices and the connection between art and urban form in Los Angeles. "To Live and Defy in LA" examines gangsta rap as a response to economic and social conditions, shedding light on inequality and police violence. "The Speculative City" analyzes the relationship between physical form and economic and cultural power, with a specific focus on Eli Broad's influence and the development of Grand Avenue. Both books emphasize the significance of understanding power structures in shaping the city's landscape. [Extracted from the article]

The making of Canada has been told as the history of two grand founding peoples--French and English--coming to a new world and building something of it and of themselves. While [...]

The history of the family business is a well-established field of study within business history. However, there is a lack of bibliometric studies on this topic. This requires, first of all, identifying publications on the subject. This has been precisely the object of our research. To do this, a systematic search has been conducted in three data sources - Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar -, using specific keywords to filter relevant publications, as well as applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to select appropriate works. The result has been the identification of 513 publications on the history of the family business between 1949 and 2023. 62% correspond to articles in academic journals, 23% to book chapters, and 15% to books. This compilation of works will serve as the basis for future bibliometric analyses on the history of the family business and a valuable resource for researchers interested in this field.

Copyright of International Journal of Canadian Studies is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the history of the development of social media. The aim of the article is understanding of their economic and social significance in the process of transformation of the modern paradigm of communications and their interaction in advertising. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many experts, the definition of «social media network» was considered, which reflects various approaches and interpretations of this concept in the context of modern communication technologies. As a result of the study, the powerful evolution of communica-tion technologies that took place during the last decades is outlined. The authors demonstrated that social networks enable individuals, companies, organizations and governments to interact with large audiences, which, in turn, opens up wide opportunities in promoting a product to the market. This study examined the history of Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram and others, as they are or were among the most popular social networks among Internet users. Brand promotion in social networks is an integral tool that opens up prospects for businesses and individuals in creating a positive image, inte-raction with consumers and instant spread of information, quick response to changing market condi-tions. The study also notes the variety of types of ad integration, ranging from traditional banner ads to more specialized forms such as targeted ads. This study will allow entities interested in advertising their products and services to understand the existing relationship between the development of social media and Internet marketing strategies, which, in turn, will help business structures to adapt to changes in consumer habits and technological trends. Prospects for further research in this direction can be seen in the analysis of the efficiency of the implementation of marketing strategies in social media.

In recent years, the issue of the position of senior CFOs due to their increasing responsibility regarding monitoring financial reporting and corporate governance systems, has attracted the attention of many researchers and experts. Considering the position and strategic position of CFOs in the economic and financial decisions of the company, it is necessary to understand their role and position in the company's financial reporting process. Therefore, the current research has investigated the relationship between some characteristics of senior CFOs, including their gender, tenure, and audit history with the quality of financial reporting. To measure the quality of financial reporting, was used the optional accruals index (Kasznik model); Also, CFOs in this research mean the highest financial authority of the company. Using a sample of 135 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2015 to 2021 and using a multiple regression model to analyze the data, the research results show that the increase in tenure and the presence of women as CFO in the company causes reduces the quality of financial reporting. Also, the results of the research regarding the negative impact of CFOs with audit experience on the quality of financial reporting do not have the necessary significance. In total, the obtained evidence shows the significant role of CFOs in the structure of corporate governance and financial reporting, which indicates the need for legislators to pay special attention to this position.

'One way or another, this darkness has got to give.' --The Grateful Dead, 'New Speedway Boogie,' 1970 NEAR THE END OF THOMAS PYNCHON'S sprawling Gilded Age epic, Against the Day, [...]

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to address a significant gap in the understanding of entrepreneurship at the microfoundation level. It focuses on how individual entrepreneurs, specifically Hongbang entrepreneurs in China from 1896 to 1949, shape and transform their contexts. The aim is to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that facilitate entrepreneurial success. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a microhistorical approach, investigating the case of Hongbang entrepreneurs in China during 1896-1949. It involves an in-depth examination of historical records to explore the strategic interactions between these entrepreneurs and core stakeholders such as consumers, financial intermediaries, government regulators, and human resources. The research methodology emphasizes a process-oriented view, examining the evolution of personalized networks into extensive connections. Findings – The research reveals that Hongbang entrepreneurs successfully reshaped their unfavorable embedded contexts by strategically collaborating with key stakeholders. They influenced consumer tastes, allied with financial intermediaries, negotiated with governments on regulation policies, and developed human resource stocks. The transformation was facilitated by the evolution of their networks from personalized to extensive connections. These findings highlight the localized strategies such as cronyism in resource acquisition within China’s private property development industry. Originality/value – This study contributes to the field by offering insights into entrepreneurial contextualization and networking. It sheds light on the complex interplay between entrepreneurs and their contexts, providing a nuanced understanding of localized strategies in the Chinese context. The findings add value to the discourse on entrepreneurship by elucidating the strategic and processual acts through which entrepreneurs engage with stakeholders and reshape their environments.

This article considers and it is proposed as a reflection with which it is intended to establish a relationship between the different schools and philosophical thoughts, and their impact on administrative science. Methodologically, it starts from a review over time of the literature related to the different postulates that are presented in the different philosophical schools over time, building a temporary conceptual framework and on which reflections are raised in the light of administrative, strategic and current manager. This historical tour of philosophy is structured from the different philosophical eras divided into four moments: ancient times, up to 430 d. c.; Medieval times, from 430 AD. C. until 1453; modern times, from 1453 to the second industrial revolution (1914) and contemporary times, from 1914 to today. In this way, the document reflects a thread of thought of the different positions and thoughts of representative authors according to the distribution described and immediately afterwards the reflection on the administrative elements that reflect this line of thought. Administration, therefore, has not had an unequivocal definition, but the philosophy and thought of great figures have provided it, throughout history, and the epistemological foundations allow it to contribute to becoming what it is today: a science. reflective, conceptual and practical.

For the first time in human history, more people are living in urban areas than in rural areas. Every year, millions of people decide to leave their rural homes and migrate to cities across the country or even across the border. Most of these people want to move to seek new job opportunities and, of course, to improve their lives, while others are forced to migrate because of sudden or slow-onset conflicts or natural disasters, such as rising sea levels, droughts and floods, which are often exacerbated by climate change and environmental stress. In addition, rural populations, whose livelihoods depend to a large extent on agriculture, are particularly vulnerable to pressures from migration. This article aims to provide an overview of rural-urban migration in Romania, detailing the causes and effects of this process. Romanian citizens from rural areas move to the country’s big cities to enjoy the facilities offered by urban areas. In the current context, migration is the population’s impulse from one topographical location to another, thus connecting temporary or permanent settlements. However, this process, like any other, brings with it both positive and negative economic, social and demographic consequences, which will be discussed in detail in this article.

This article tells the previously untold story of how La Nina affected the fates of German and Austrian expatriate settlers on the remote and rugged volcanic island of Floreana in [...]

Historian James R. Fleming sat down with author Joseph Giacomelli to talk about his new book Uncertain Climes: Debating Climate Change in Gilded Age America (University of Chicago Press, 2023). [...]

Conflict of interests between shareholders and managers and other problems have led to the creation of corporate governance mechanisms. But, firms’ performances and the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance are still of interest to researchers. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of internal audit formation history and audit committee formation history on the company's performance and also to investigate the moderating effect of firm age on these relationships. The population in this research includes all the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2018 to 2022, and the sample includes 120 companies. Research data were analyzed through multivariate regression model and by Stata software. The results show that the internal audit formation history has a positive and significant effect on the company's performance and also the audit committee formation history has a positive and significant effect on company’s performance. The results also show that firm age is a positive and significant effect on company’s performance. Moreover, the results show that firm age has no significant effect on the relationship between the internal audit formation history and the company's performance, but firm age has a positive effect on the relationship between the audit committee formation history and the company's performance.

Romania's economy is not yet fully and competitively linked to the European and global economy. In the general economic and political history, the political, institutional and economic changes that have occurred since 1990 in Central and Eastern Europe, including Romania, are already recognized. The article deals with the evolutionary situational stages towards the New Economy of Romania. Also, is described the horizon of the post-transformations for reaching the quasi-constant inverted levels between "tangible-intangible" for the transition to a business cycle in the New Knowledge-Based Economy and Risk. It turns out that if the GDP reflects the sum of the market value of all goods and services destined for final consumption, not intermediate ones, produced in all branches of the economy within Romania within one year, then by way of investigative proximity, business and manifestation cycles of these closely followed the evolutionary dimensional trends of similarity and aggregation with GDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)