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2. 'Will the US Take Mexico for Granted Too?': Pointers on Doing Business with Our New NAFTA Neighbor.
- Author
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Julian, Kerry E. and Peterson, Roger A.
- Abstract
This paper reviews the conduct of United States-based businesses and their executives in foreign countries, and views Americans as ill-prepared to integrate their business with Mexican culture. The economic importance of Mexico is analyzed in view of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and expansion of Japanese and European companies in this area is noted. An overview of Mexican culture is then presented, to help American firms and their executives avoid problems and maximize their chances for success. It discusses the roles of men and women, the Mexican home, education, sports, family names, social invitations and their importance, humor, time, friendship and affection, the work week, individuality versus individualism, giving commands, nonverbal communication, when yes means no, and exchanging pleasantries. Anxieties about working with Mexico, such as government corruption and Mexico's precarious financial situation, are dispelled as obsolete. Seven recommendations are offered to American companies intending to enter the Mexican market. (Contains 15 references.) (JDD)
- Published
- 1994
3. Integration of the MBA and Foreign Languages for Business and Economics.
- Author
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Campbell, Russell N.
- Abstract
A foreign language curriculum is described that was designed especially for students enrolled in a master's in business education program at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). The program's goals are for students: (1) to attain a high-intermediate level of proficiency in speaking, listening, and reading in the target language; and (2) to gain deep and broad knowledge of the socio-cultural behavior of speakers of the target language, especially as it relates to the world of business and economics. The basic curriculum of the 2-year program implemented for teaching Chinese and Spanish to two cohorts of students is described. The curriculum includes intensive courses at a host institution abroad, seminars at UCLA, internships in business establishments in the host countries (China and Mexico), course work in a host country university, and seminars in the target language and adjunct courses at UCLA. Each segment of the curriculum is described, followed by information on admissions, costs, and preliminary evaluation. It is noted that in spite of difficulties in testing the validity of the model due to the large number of deviations, extensive information test data suggest substantial gains in target language proficiency for all participants. (LB)
- Published
- 1991
4. 'Consejo' as a Literacy Event: A Case Study of a Border Mexican Woman
- Author
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de la Piedra, Maria Teresa
- Abstract
Drawing on sociocultural approaches to literacy and literature on the communal spaces of teaching and learning of Latino/as, I share one Mexican border women's life story and analyze her literacies and ways of knowing in relation to the literacy event of giving "consejo." Using data gathered through individual interviews and observations, I present the case of Lucía, the owner of a burrito's restaurant. She draws upon a mix of oral and print language, as well as other multimodal resources (visual, spatial, audio forms), in order to perform a particular speech genre: "consejo." Lucia's unique way of giving "consejos" is presented here, along with suggestions as how to recruit these communal literacies in classroom practice. This paper adds to the growing body of literature that identifies Latina/o's pedagogical tools in family and community contexts and challenges deficit views.
- Published
- 2013
5. Hispanic-Americans and Business in the United States: Linking Up for a Stronger Future. Report of the Aspen Institute Conference 'Hispanic-Americans and the Business Community' (Santa Barbara, CA, August 7-10, 1985).
- Author
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Aspen Inst. for Humanistic Studies, New York, NY.
- Abstract
In this report from the final session of a conference on Hispanic Americans and the business community, some general conclusions are presented. Participants, it is said, believed that the advancement of Hispanic-Americans in business depends on growing ties of mutual benefit between Hispanics and the general community. Despite the great attention paid to bilingual education, the most important educational concern of Hispanics is their high drop-out rate. Parents and businesses must work together to create educational environments that promote learning and keep students in school. Businesses, in particular, are encouraged to spend more time and capital on lobbying for public investment in education. Regarding the issue of immigration policy, the participants noted that, although Hispanic immigrants work at pay levels that no one else would accept, they often support marginal businesses that would otherwise fail. The immigration authorities must work to control illegal immigration. Stronger joint leadership from the United States and Mexican business communities is needed to help Mexico manage its debt and stimulate investment that would create more jobs. Finally, the participants urged Hispanic business leaders to participate more actively in voluntary community activities, and the mainstream business community is urged to recognize and address the importance of linking up with the Hispanic community as employees and consumers. (KH)
- Published
- 1985
6. Violence and Business Interest in Social Welfare: Evidence from Mexico.
- Author
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Holland, Bradley E. and Rios, Viridiana
- Subjects
SOCIAL services ,POLITICAL violence ,VIOLENCE ,DEVELOPING countries ,TAX cuts - Abstract
Countries in the Global South are particularly vulnerable to social and political violence. This paper suggests that such violence makes certain recalcitrant economic interests more open to taxes and spending on social welfare. Using results from a survey experiment of business owners and operators in Mexico, we show that relative to more innocuous institutional weaknesses, concerns over violence generally increase support for anti-poverty spending and decrease support for tax cuts. To build a theory, we explore heterogeneous effects and textual data. The findings suggest that business interests see anti-poverty spending as a tool for shoring up costs of violence in consumer markets, with some leaders even extending support to welfare-enhancing taxes. However, violence can create challenges in labor markets that increase operational costs, leading some business interests to resist tax policies that ask them to help fund social programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Mexico's regional output convergence after NAFTA: a dynamic panel data analysis.
- Author
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Cabral, René and Mollick, André
- Subjects
DATA analysis ,CAPITAL movements ,ECONOMIC convergence ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,BUSINESS - Abstract
This paper examines Mexico's output convergence across its 32 states for 1993-2006, a period including the start of NAFTA. Employing dynamic panel data methods, our estimates provide interesting new results. First, we find positive rates of output absolute convergence across Mexican regions: varying from 1.5% for the years 1993-2006 to 9.4% for the years 1996-2006. Second, trade, capital inflows and international migration exert positive effects on output per capita growth. Third, rolling panels suggest the Border-North region faces increasing output convergence speed (from 8.9 to 11.2%), while the South-Center experiences a declining trend (from 12 to 7.6%) more recently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Mexico City street vendors and the stickiness of institutional contexts.
- Author
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Alvi, Farzad H. and Mendoza, Jorge Alberto
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,STRATEGIC planning ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises ,EMERGING markets ,INFORMAL sector - Abstract
Purpose The need for a firm’s business strategy to be responsive to the institutional contexts of emerging markets is well-established in the literature. Often, however, strategic responsiveness is impeded by defining institutional contexts as country-level aggregations (macro-level) and glossing over sub-national variations (micro-level). The purpose of this paper is to investigate micro-level contexts that can defy macro-level assumptions of economic rationality.Design/methodology/approach As a research site, the motivations of street vendors in Mexico City are analyzed in terms staying in one sub-national context, the informal sector, as opposed movement to another, the formal sector. Unanticipated reluctance to move from one context to another is defined as stickiness.Findings Sub-national institutional contexts are found to be sticky, with less movement between informal and formal sectors than would have been anticipated. Unexpectedly, it is found that a significant number of street vendors prefer the hardship of the informal sector to the relative security of the formal sector.Research implications International business research makes assumptions about the growth narrative of emerging markets, often characterizing a growing middle class as a rising tide that lifts all boats. In terms of further research on adapting strategy, however, assumptions of rational expectations ought to be tempered, as demonstrated by the stickiness of the informal sector.Originality/value A contribution is made to the international business literature by showing that macro-level assumptions about institutional context based on rational expectations of wealth-maximizing behavior in emerging markets may result in an incomplete view of institutional context. Ultimately, adaptation of strategy could be impaired as a result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Analysis of the Feasibility of Smart Contracts in Mexico's Legal and Social Framework: A Study on the Future of Trade Agreements.
- Author
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Silos Sánchez, Joel, Ramírez Hernández, Uriel Amado, Reyes Hernández, Yaneth, Ortiz Suarez, Luis Arturo, Gómez Pérez, Luis José, Cruz Rojano, Daniel, Trejo Macotela, Francisco Rafael, and Robles Camarillo, Daniel
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL treaties ,CONTRACTS ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
Smart contracts are a type of software program that facilitate, ensure, enforce, and execute agreements recorded between two or more parties. An example of this could be an agreement between individuals or organizations responsible for exporting and importing products. This study aims to determine whether smart contracts are a viable tool for use in Mexico, considering the legal and social framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Democratization and Judicial Reform in Mexico.
- Author
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Beer, Caroline C.
- Subjects
- *
COURTS , *REFORMS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *JUDICIAL process , *BUSINESS , *FOREIGN investments - Abstract
Examines the judicial reform in Mexico and presents a statistical intra-country comparative analysis of the state judiciaries. Impact of trade, foreign direct investment, civic associations and political competition on various indicators of judicial performance; Overview of the judiciary in Mexico; Indicators used to measure judicial performance.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Trade and Totomoxtle: Livelihood strategies in the Totonacan region of Veracruz, Mexico.
- Author
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King, Amanda
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,AGRICULTURE ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,FREE trade ,FARMERS ,CORN ,COMMERCIALIZATION ,INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
Following the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Mexican farmers altered their livelihood strategies to respond to changing market incentives. While many commercial farmers responded to falling maize prices brought on by NAFTA by shifting into the production of vegetables for export, the coping strategies of low-income farmers have been varied, from diversifying income sources through off-farm employment, to migration, to searching for niche markets for new or added-value products. In the Totonocan region of the state of Veracruz, Mexico, many farmers who can no longer earn sufficient income from the sale of maize grain are turning to a byproduct of maize to generate income. The commercialization of totomoxtle, or maize husks, for domestic and international markets has not only enabled farmers to continue to profit from maize production, but it has also encouraged farmers to utilize and conserve criollo maize varieties that serve as important reservoirs of genetic diversity. Moreover, the growing importance of totomoxtle in livelihood strategies has caused some farmers to alter their maize management, selecting for better quality husks rather than for grain production. The purpose of this paper is to understand both the broad impact of NAFTA on the local agricultural economy and its more specific effects on the management of maize in the Zona Totonaca. Participation in international trade can lead to unexpected outcomes, in some cases creating new values for goods with a long history of local consumption. Commercialization of maize husks is likely to be only a temporary solution for the relief of rural poverty. Given the volatility of international markets, the long-term welfare of farmers may depend on the development of more diversified production strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Worldwide news and comment.
- Author
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Evans-Reeves, Karen
- Subjects
LABELING laws ,FLAVORING essences ,PRESS ,ELECTRONIC cigarettes ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,LEGAL status of sales personnel ,MARKETING ,BUSINESS ,TOBACCO products ,SMOKING - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. THE ETHICS AND SOCIAL MISSION OF WORKERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SOCIAL INTRAPRENEURSHIP.
- Author
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Galván-Vela, Esthela, Mercader, Victor, and Ravina-Ripoll, Rafael
- Subjects
SOCIAL ethics ,INFERENTIAL statistics ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SOCIAL values ,BUSINESS ethics ,SCALING (Social sciences) ,SOCIAL responsibility of business - Abstract
Copyright of Anduli: Revista Andaluza de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Anduli: Revista Andaluza de Ciencias Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Wal-Mart in Mexico: The Limits of Growth.
- Author
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Tilly, Chris
- Subjects
RETAIL stores ,ECONOMIC competition ,BUSINESS success ,RETAIL industry - Abstract
The article focuses on the success achieved by Arkansas-based retail company, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. in Mexico. Wal-Mart entered the Mexican market in 1991, and boasts 646 Mexican stores and 2003 sales of 128 billion pesos, eclipsing the 102 billion earned by its three closest competitors combined. Wal-Mart achieved a powerful first-mover advantage in Mexico by acquiring Cifra, the leading chain of self-service stores, and by introducing several innovations perfected in the U.S. A key reason for caring about Wal-Mart's future prospects in Mexico is its impact on employment.
- Published
- 2005
15. The effects of trade-induced worker displacement on health and mortality in Mexico.
- Author
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Fernández Guerrico, Sofía
- Subjects
- *
MYOCARDIAL ischemia , *CORONARY disease , *HEALTH services accessibility , *TOBACCO use , *LAYOFFS , *INDUSTRIES , *BUSINESS , *HEALTH insurance , *EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Recent research in the U.S. links trade-induced job displacement to deaths of despair. Should we expect the same mortality response in developing countries? This paper analyzes the effect of a trade-induced negative shock to manufacturing employment on leading causes of mortality in Mexico between 1998 and 2013. I exploit cross-municipality variation in trade exposure based on differences in industry specialization before China's accession to the WTO in 2001 to identify labor-demand shocks that are concentrated in manufacturing. I find trade-induced job loss increased mortality from diabetes, raised obesity rates, reduced physical activity, and lowered access to health insurance. These deaths were offset by declines in mortality from ischemic heart disease and chronic pulmonary disease. These findings highlight that negative employment shocks have heterogeneous impacts on mortality in developing countries, where falling incomes lead to less access to health care and nutritious food, but also reduce alcohol and tobacco use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Finance.
- Subjects
MARKETS ,FINANCIAL markets ,FINANCE ,BUSINESS ,MONEY - Abstract
The article focuses on the failure of the present Mexican situation to upset the markets. Mexican trade was meantime ruined. Paper currency, issued by the de facto Government, fell to 60 per cent discount. In 1861 a tax of 10 per cent on all fortunes exceeding $2,000 was decreed. Two questions always confront the financial markets when a nation goes to war. One is the actual and immediate expenditure involved, and the Government borrowings incidental to them. Even the Boer War, fought by a rich European Power against a remote colonial people, cost England, all told, a million dollars a day, or one thousand millions in all, and it utterly deranged the English financial position.
- Published
- 1914
17. Social Impact Startups, Business Model innovation and Female Management: Lessons for the Next Normal in Mexico using fsQCA.
- Author
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Mejía-Trejo, Juan
- Subjects
SOCIAL impact ,INNOVATIONS in business ,BUSINESS models ,INNOVATION management ,BUSINESSPEOPLE - Abstract
Copyright of Nova Scientia is the property of Nova Scientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Availability, variety and distribution of healthy and unhealthy foods and beverages sold at street food stands in Mexico City.
- Author
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Rosales Chavez, Jose B, Bruening, Meg, Royer, Michael F, Ohri-Vachaspati, Punam, Lee, Rebecca E, and Jehn, Megan
- Subjects
STREET food ,SNACK foods ,PUBLIC transit ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,PROCESSED foods ,FRUIT ,RESEARCH ,BEVERAGES ,VEGETABLES ,CROSS-sectional method ,RESEARCH methodology ,EVALUATION research ,FOOD supply ,COMPARATIVE studies ,BUSINESS - Abstract
Objective: To examine differences in the availability, variety and distribution of foods and beverages sold at street food stands (SFS) across neighbourhood income levels in Mexico City.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Twenty neighbourhoods representing low-, middle- and high-income levels in Mexico City.Participants: Direct observations of SFS (n 391).Results: The availability of healthy foods such as fruits/vegetables was high in middle- and high-income neighbourhoods, whereas the availability of unhealthy foods such as processed snacks was higher in low-income neighbourhoods. However, statistically significant differences in food availability across neighbourhoods were only observed for dairy and processed snack items (P < 0·05). Similarly, differences in variety were only observed for cereal and processed snacks (P < 0·05). No statistically significant differences were seen for variety of fruits/vegetable across neighbourhood income levels (P > 0·05). No statistically significant differences across neighbourhood income levels were observed for beverage availability and variety (P > 0·05). Although street foods and beverages were often distributed near homes, public transportation centres and worksites, no differences were observed across neighbourhood income levels (P > 0·05).Conclusions: Findings suggest that SFS can be a source of both unhealthy foods and healthy foods for communities across neighbourhoods in Mexico City. Additional studies are needed to assess the relationship between street food and beverage availability, and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. THE EFFECTS OF U.S.-CHINA TRADE ON EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES IN THE U.S.-MEXICO BORDER REGION.
- Author
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MA, ALYSON C. and WOOSTER, ROSSITZA B.
- Subjects
OFFSHORE assembly industry ,HARBORS ,BUSINESS ,ECONOMIC competition ,SUPPLY chain management - Abstract
This article investigates the impact of foreign competition from China on employment and wages in four U.S.-Mexico Border counties: Santa Cruz, Arizona; San Diego, California; El Paso, Texas; and Webb, Texas. Using disaggregated industry-level data between 1992 and 2006, we find that increased trade with China is associated with significantly lower county-industry employment and wages. In contrast, and as expected, increased imports from Mexico are positively related to increased employment and wages in U.S.-Mexico border counties. The results indicate that the U.S.-Mexico supply-chain relationship related to the maquiladora industry is significantly affected by Chinese competition. Implications for policy include an increased focus on federal programs that are intended to diversify the border economy. ( JEL F13, F43, F23) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. A Regional Analysis of the Impact of Trade and Foreign Direct Investment on Wages in Mexico, 1984–2000.
- Author
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Airola, Jim
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,WAGES ,FOREIGN investments ,DEVELOPING countries ,SKILLED labor ,FREE trade ,CONTRACTING out ,HOUSEHOLD surveys - Abstract
The conventional Heckscher–Ohlin model of trade predicts an equalizing effect of trade on wages in developing countries abundant in less-skilled labor. Contrary to these predictions, skill premiums and skill demand increased in Mexico following trade liberalization. “New” trade theories have offered several channels through which trade can increase relative wages and demand for skilled workers. One such channel is foreign direct investment and outsourcing. Using the Mexican Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) covering 1984–2000, the author examines the relationship between the demand for skill and maquiladora employment across regions and states. In contrast to previous studies based on manufacturing data for the 1980s, little evidence is found that growth in maquiladora employment is positively related to the increase in relative wages or wage-bill share of more educated workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. A three-regime business cycle model for an emerging economy.
- Author
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Cruz, Moritz
- Subjects
BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMIC history ,BUSINESS conditions ,ECONOMICS ,BUSINESS - Abstract
A three-regime business cycle model is proposed based on Minsky financial instability hypothesis. Using this framework and a Markov switching autoregressive model Mexico's business cycle turning points are identified published by the Economic Cycle Research Institute (ECRI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. NAFTA'S TRADE EFFECTS: NEW EVIDENCE WITH A GRAVITY MODEL.
- Author
-
Montenegro, Claudio E. and Soloaga, Isidro
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMETRICS , *EQUATIONS , *BUSINESS , *DUMMY variables , *MATHEMATICAL variables - Abstract
This paper estimates econometrically the impact of NAFTA on US-Mexico and US-third countries (groups of countries) trade flows. Using a traditional gravity-equation framework, we try to see to what extent the bilateral trade flows between the US and different countries differ from a gravity-type specification. By incorporating a series of dummy variables into the specification, we interpret the changes in these dummy variables over time as evidence on whether NAFTA affected the trade patterns. The main conclusion is that NAFTA did not have a significant effect on US trade patterns, neither with Mexico nor with other countries in the world (with the exception of CACM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
23. Mexican households' food shopping patterns in 2015: analysis following nonessential food and sugary beverage taxes.
- Author
-
Pedraza, Lilia S, Popkin, Barry M, Adair, Linda, Robinson, Whitney R, and Taillie, Lindsey Smith
- Subjects
SWEETENED beverage tax ,GROCERY shopping ,HOUSEHOLDS ,PACKAGED foods ,SHOPPING ,CONVENIENCE stores ,CARBONATED beverages ,TAXATION ,RESEARCH ,BEVERAGES ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,COMPARATIVE studies ,BUSINESS ,FOOD ,CUSTOMER satisfaction - Abstract
Objective: To examine patterns of taxed and untaxed food and beverage shopping across store types after Mexico's sugary drink and non-essential food taxes, the nutritional quality of these patterns and the socio-economic characteristics associated with them.Design: We performed k-means cluster analyses using households' percentage of food and beverage purchases from each store type (i.e. convenience stores, traditional shops (e.g. bodegas, tiendas, mom-and-pop shops), supermarkets, wholesalers and others). We calculated adjusted mean proportions of taxed and untaxed products (ml or g/capita per d) purchased in each pattern. We studied the associations between households' SES and shopping patterns using multinomial logistic regressions. Within shopping patterns, we obtained mean volumes and proportions of taxed and untaxed food and beverage subgroups and calculated the proportion of products purchased at each store type.Setting: Mexico.Participants: Urban Mexican households (n 5493) from the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Survey 2015.Results: We found four beverage shopping patterns and three food shopping patterns, driven by the store type where most purchases were made. For beverages, 48 % of households were clustered in the Traditional pattern and purchased the highest proportion of taxed beverages. Low-SES households had the highest probability of clustering in the Traditional beverage shopping pattern. For foods, 35 % of households were clustered into the Supermarket pattern. High-SES households had the highest probability of clustering in the Supermarket food shopping pattern.Conclusions: The combination of store types where Mexican households purchase packaged foods and beverages varies. However, households in all shopping patterns and SES purchase taxed beverages mainly at traditional stores. Store-level strategies should be developed to intervene on traditional stores to improve the healthfulness of purchases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Measuring the illicit cigarette market in Mexico: a cross validation of two methodologies.
- Author
-
de Miera Juarez, Belen Saenz, Reynales Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Stoklosa, Michal, Welding, Kevin, and Drope, Jeffrey
- Subjects
INTERVIEWING ,SURVEYS ,BUSINESS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,TOBACCO products - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. THE DRAMA OF MEXICO'S (BLACK) GOLD.
- Author
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Ball, Jeffrey
- Subjects
PETROLEUM industry ,OIL & gas leases ,20TH century Mexican history ,PETROLEUM production - Abstract
The article discusses the decision of Mexican oil company Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex) in inviting foreign oil firms to drill in the country. Topics include the role of Pemex chief executive officer (CEO), Emilio Lozoya, in the decision, how some Mexican citizens and politicians oppose the decision, and details on the history of oil drilling in Mexico since its independence.
- Published
- 2014
26. Ethnoecology of the interchange of wild and weedy plants and mushrooms in Phurépecha markets of Mexico: economic motives of biotic resources management.
- Author
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Farfán-Heredia, Berenice, Casas, Alejandro, Moreno-Calles, Ana I., García-Frapolli, Eduardo, and Castilleja, Aída
- Subjects
BUSINESS & economics ,BUSINESS ,PLANTS ,CONSERVATION of natural resources ,CULTURE ,FOOD ,INTELLECT ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICINAL plants ,MUSHROOMS ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,RESEARCH funding ,RITES & ceremonies ,SALES personnel - Abstract
Background: Interactions between societies and nature are regulated by complex systems of beliefs, symbolism, customs, and worldviews (kosmos), ecological knowledge (corpus), and management strategies and practices (praxis), which are constructed as product of experiences and communication of people throughout time. These aspects influence social relations, life strategies, and cultural identity, and all of them in turn influence and are influenced by local and regional patterns of interchange. In this study, we analyze the interchange of wild and weedy plants and mushrooms in traditional markets of the Phurépecha region of Mexico. Particularly, the social relations constructed around the interchange of these products; how knowledge, cultural values, and ecological factors influence and are influenced by interchange; and how all these factors influence the type and intensity of biotic resources management. Methods: We studied three main traditional markets of the Phurépecha region of Michoacán, Mexico, through 140 visits to markets and 60 semi-structured interviews to sellers of wild and weedy plants and mushrooms. In nearly 2 years, we carried out 80 visits and 30 interviews in the "Barter Market", 20 visits and 15 interviews in the "Phurépecha Tiánguis", and 40 visits and 15 interviews to the "Municipal Market". We documented information about the spaces of interchange that form the markets, the types of interchange occurring there, the cultural and economic values of the resources studied, the environmental units that are sources of such resources, the activities associated to resources harvesting and, particularly, the management techniques practiced to ensure or increase their availability. We analyzed the relations between the amounts of products interchanged, considered as pressures on the resources; the perception of their abundance or scarcity, considered as the magnitude of risk in relation to the pressures referred to; and the management types as response to pressures and risk. Results: We recorded 38 species of wild and weedy plants and 15 mushroom species interchanged in the markets. We characterized the spaces of interchange, the interchange types, and social relations among numerous Phurépecha communities which maintain the main features of pre-Columbian markets. The products analyzed are differentially valued according to their role in people's life, particularly food, medicine, rituals, and ornamental purposes. The highest cultural values were identified in multi-purpose plant and mushroom resources and, outstandingly, in ornamental and ritual plants. In markets, women are the main actors and connectors of the regional households' activities of use and management of local resources and ecosystems. The interrelationships between worldviews, knowledge, and practices are visible through the interchange of the products analyzed, including the types of environments comprised in communitarian territories, agricultural calendars, and feasts. Those plants and mushrooms are highly valued but relatively scarce according to the demand on them receiving special attention and management practices directed to ensure or increase their availability. With the exception of most mushrooms and ornamental and ritual plants, which have high economic and cultural values, there are those that are relatively scarce and under high risk, but are obtained through simple gathering from the wild. Conclusions: Traditional markets are crucial part of the subsistence strategy of Phurépecha people based on the multiple use of resources and ecosystems at the local and regional levels. The markets influence social relations, cultural identity, and preservation of traditional knowledge and biodiversity. In general, the demand of products in markets enhances innovation and practices for ensuring or increasing their availability, particularly those that are naturally scarce. However, it was notorious that, althoug mushrooms and ritual plants have high demand and value in markets, most of them are obtained by simple gathering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Mexico's Macho Mood: Oil brings confidence--and a new relationship with the U.S.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,MEXICO-United States relations ,PETROLEUM export & import trade ,OIL fields ,GAS fields ,MODERNIZATION (Social science) ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
The article discusses the foreign relation between the U.S. and Mexico with regards to latter's capacity to produce oil. It states that the U.S. has taken Mexico for granted in the past, allegedly ignoring it and treating it condescendingly until the country has started discovering large deposits of petroleum. It mentions that when geologists have tapped into the reform oil and gas field in 1972, negative treatment to Mexico by the U.S. was no longer plausible. It explains that the discoveries were favorable for Mexico as the U.S. seeks to increase their independence from Middle-Eastern crude oil, while Mexico can acquire the capital it needs to modernize its economy and increase the quality of life of its impoverished people.
- Published
- 1979
28. Investors Find Utopia In Old Aztec Capital.
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,INCOME tax ,MUTUAL funds - Abstract
The article reports on the emergence of Mexico City, Mexico as an international business community due to the interest of many companies to establish their businesses in the area. According to international businessmen, Mexico City is strategic and it is a gateway to the other countries to the south. One local investment counselor explains the advantages of buying shares of U.S. mutual funds that are based in Mexico due to low income taxes in the country.
- Published
- 1960
29. The Domino Player.
- Subjects
POLITICIANS ,CORRUPTION ,POLITICAL parties - Published
- 1953
30. Business Abroad.
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,WAR finance ,EXTERNAL debts ,IMPORTS ,FOREIGN exchange rates - Abstract
This section offers world business news briefs as of November 23, 1932. European countries such as Germany, Italy and Switzerland are all pondering war debts. In Latin America, Mexico is expecting to improve its business industry while new provisions for payment on imports were made by Brazil. The Japanese yen exchange is weak and still hovering near 21 cents.
- Published
- 1932
31. Data on Food and Agribusiness Management Reported by a Researcher at Universidad Autonoma Chapingo (Global traders and the integration of Chile and Mexico into the configuration of the global value chain of berries).
- Subjects
VALUE chains ,AGRICULTURAL industries ,BERRIES ,FOOD industry ,NEWSPAPER editors - Abstract
For more information on this research see: Global traders and the integration of Chile and Mexico into the configuration of the global value chain of berries. Keywords: Business; Food and Agribusiness Management EN Business Food and Agribusiness Management 2023 MAR 2 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Food Weekly News -- Investigators publish new report on food and agribusiness management. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
32. Don't Let Mexico's Voters Become Putin's Target: Shannon O'Neil.
- Author
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O'Neil, Shannon
- Subjects
ELECTIONS ,RUSSIA-United States relations - Published
- 2017
33. Public open access and private timber harvests: theory and application to the effects of trade liberalization in Mexico
- Author
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Prestemon, Jeffrey P.
- Subjects
NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,DEFORESTATION ,FOREST management ,LAND use planning ,MATHEMATICAL models ,TIMBER ,BUSINESS - Abstract
A common popular assertion is that trade liberalization encourages deforestation. But whether this is true depends on how trade policies affect the allocation of land among competing uses and how they influence illegal cutting of public forests. A model is presented that allows for forests to be either public or private, and public forests are divided into protected (or managed) and threatened categories. Effects of price changes are shown on each part of the forest. An empirical version of the model is applied to the case of Mexico with NAFTA. Most scenarios considered show that NAFTA will have positive long-runeffects on forest cover in Mexico but that this is net of losses on private lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Venue-level correlates of female sex worker registration status: A multilevel analysis of bars in Tijuana, Mexico.
- Author
-
Gaines, TommiL., Rusch, MelanieL.A., Brouwer, KimberlyC., Goldenberg, ShiraM., Lozada, Remedios, Robertson, AngelaM., Perkins, Emily, Strathdee, SteffanieA., and Patterson, ThomasL.
- Subjects
HIV prevention ,RECORDING & registration ,SEX work laws ,BUSINESS ,SEX work ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,INTERVIEWING ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,POPULATION geography ,PUBLIC health ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICS ,WORK environment ,DATA analysis ,INTER-observer reliability ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,STATISTICAL models ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
In Tijuana, Mexico, sex work is regulated by the municipal government, through registration cards issued to female sex workers (FSWs) for an annual fee. Registration has been associated with decreased drug use and increase condom use and HIV testing. Previously, it was demonstrated that FSWs operating in bars were more likely than street-based FSWs to be registered. This implies that certain venues may be more accessible to local authorities for the enforcement of this type of programme. Taking a novel multilevel approach, we examined whether venue characteristics of bars reflecting greater organised management and visibility affect registration status of FSWs. In an analysis of venue-level characteristics, predictors of being registered were availability of free condoms at work and distance to the main sex strip; however, these were not independently associated after inclusion of FSWs' income, illicit drug use and history of HIV testing. Our findings suggest that sex work regulations may inadvertently exclude venues in which the more vulnerable and less visible FSWs, such as injection drug users and those with limited financial resources, are situated. Efforts to revise or reconsider sex work regulations to ensure that they best promote FSWs' health, human and labour rights are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Firm dynamics and real exchange rate fluctuations: Does trade openness matter? Evidence from Mexico's manufacturing sector.
- Author
-
Fuentes, Miguel and Ibarrarán, Pablo
- Subjects
FOREIGN exchange rates ,BUSINESS ,MANUFACTURING industries ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement - Abstract
In this article, we study the effect of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on the responsiveness of Mexican economy to real exchange rate shocks. We argue that, by opening the US and Canadian markets to Mexican goods, NAFTA made it easier for domestic producers to take advantage of the opportunities brought by the depreciation of the real exchange rate. To identify this mechanism, we use plant-level data and compare the behavior of employment, production and investment after two big real exchange rate shocks: the first observed in the mid-1980s, the second the Tequila Crisis of 1994–1995. The evidence indicates that after passage of NAFTA exporting firms exhibited higher growth rates of employment, sales and investment vis-à-vis non-exporters. We confirm our results by analyzing the behavior of a control group of firms, that had complete access to the US market during both devaluations, and we show that they responded in a similar way in both events. Finally, we also provide direct evidence on the relationship between exports and tariff reductions brought by NAFTA. Our results support the view that NAFTA has allowed Mexican producers to respond more quickly to real exchange shocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Exchange-rate volatility and industry trade between Canada and Mexico.
- Author
-
Bahmani-Oskooee, Mohsen, Bolhassani, Marzieh, and Hegerty, Scott
- Subjects
FOREIGN exchange rates ,BUSINESS ,PESO (Mexican currency) - Abstract
While it has long been assumed that exchange-rate volatility introduces a level of uncertainty that helps reduce trade flows, this need not be the case for particular country pairs or for specific products. This study examines the case of trade between Canada and Mexico—two members of the highly integrated North American market. Trade flows are examined for a number of specific products using the “bounds testing” cointegration approach over the period from 1973 to 2006. Relatively few industries see a long-run reduction in trade volumes due to volatility. This indicates that multinational producers in these integrated markets might be able to hedge against exchange-rate risk. Since major Mexican exports appear to see the largest reductions, Mexico might have a stronger incentive to reduce the volatility of the peso. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Trust and negotiation tactics: perceptions about business-to-business negotiations in Mexico.
- Author
-
Elahee, Mohammad and Brooks, Charles M.
- Subjects
NEGOTIATION ,DISCUSSION ,APPLIED psychology ,BUSINESS ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Trust plays a significant role in business peoples' choices of negotiating tactics. This study compares the use of generally accepted negotiating tactics with dubious ones. Findings from a sample of Mexican business people indicate that the type of negotiation (intra-cultural vs cross-cultural) is predictive of the level of trust that a negotiator will place in an opponent and of the likelihood of using various negotiation tactics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. business & banking.
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,GOVERNMENT ownership of railroads ,BONDS (Finance) ,PETROLEUM industry - Abstract
Presents news briefs on business in Latin America as of March 2002. Amount of bonds issued by Brazilian paper and pulp producer Aracruz; Number of bread-making factories purchased by Grupo Bimbo in the U.S.; Percentage of Grupo Carso's share in southern rail company Ferrosur SA.
- Published
- 2002
39. Mexican Agriculture: Distribution and Efficiency Effects of Eliminating Price Distortions.
- Author
-
Romero, Jose
- Subjects
BUSINESS ,AGRICULTURE - Abstract
Presents information on a study which analyzed the impact of trade liberalisation on the agriculture sector in Mexico. Information on the use of dynamic and static computable general equilibrium models; Developmental purpose og the general equilibrium models; Indication that the elimination of all price distortions in the economy were simulated; Assessment of their impact on agriculture.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMIC SPECIALIZATION IN THE LOWER PAPALOAPAN, VERACRUZ, MEXICO.
- Author
-
Stark, Barbara L.
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,BUSINESS - Abstract
Sixteenth and early 17th century records for communities in the Lower Papaloapan basin document a degree of community specialization in subsistence, trade, and tribute. These specializations coordinate with environmental differences among the communities. Gulf coast zonation in rosources and specializations does not indicate that environmental and economic redundancy are pervasive factors in the 16th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1974
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Mexican Public Sector Food Policy Under Agricultural Trade Liberalization.
- Author
-
Sanderson, Steven
- Subjects
NUTRITION policy ,TRADE regulation ,AGRICULTURE ,BUSINESS ,PUBLIC sector - Abstract
Mexico has enjoyed one of the Third World's most successful food production systems, based on a complex pattern of public, sector intervention Since 1982, the public sector has withdraw, in a remarkably steadfast commitment to privatization, external stabilization, and trade liberalization. This article terraces the key elements of that process, and their likely impacts on traditional political goals of food security, progressive social policy in the country side and external sector dependence, The principal argument is that privatization and trade liberalization leave poor agriculturealists vulnerable, but undoubtedly offer fiscal gains to the state and benefits to urban consumers, especially in light of reduced subsidies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Canada's interests in North American economics integration.
- Author
-
Globerman, Steven
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL economic integration ,ECONOMICS ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,BUSINESS ,INVESTMENTS ,TARIFF ,LIBERALISM ,PROTECTIONISM - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Public Administration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Covid Explodes in Cancun, Los Cabos as New Wave Hits Mexico.
- Author
-
Navarro, Andrea
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,ADULTS ,ROCK music ,HEALTH ministers ,HOSPITAL beds - Abstract
Keywords: ALLTOP; BUSINESS; COS; DRG; ELECT; GEN; GOV; HEA; INDUSTRIES; LATAM; MEX; NORTHAM; POL; WORLD; WWTOP EN ALLTOP BUSINESS COS DRG ELECT GEN GOV HEA INDUSTRIES LATAM MEX NORTHAM POL WORLD WWTOP A third coronavirus wave fueled by the highly contagious delta variant is battering two of Mexico's most popular tourist destinations on opposite coasts, Los Cabos in the Pacific and Cancun on the Caribbean. ALLTOP, BUSINESS, COS, DRG, ELECT, GEN, GOV, HEA, INDUSTRIES, LATAM, MEX, NORTHAM, POL, WORLD, WWTOP. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
44. Covid Explodes in Cancun and Los Cabos as Third Wave Hits Mexico.
- Author
-
Navarro, Andrea
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,ADULTS ,ROCK music ,HEALTH ministers ,HOSPITAL beds - Abstract
So far, about 65% of adults in Quintana Roo and 50% in Cancun have received at least one dose, according to government data. Keywords: ALLTOP; BUSINESS; COS; DRG; ELECT; GEN; GENTOP; GOV; HEA; INDUSTRIES; LATAM; LATTOP; MEX; NORTHAM; POL; TOP; WORLD; WWTOP; WWTOPAM EN ALLTOP BUSINESS COS DRG ELECT GEN GENTOP GOV HEA INDUSTRIES LATAM LATTOP MEX NORTHAM POL TOP WORLD WWTOP WWTOPAM A third coronavirus wave fueled by the highly contagious delta variant is battering two of Mexico's most popular tourist destinations on opposite coasts, Los Cabos in the Pacific and Cancun on the Caribbean. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
45. How To Survive Revolutions.
- Subjects
BANKING industry ,CENTENNIALS - Published
- 1964
46. Efficient Domestic Regulation for Services: Making Progress Through Regional Trade Agreements.
- Author
-
Kleitz, Anthony and Tsai, Charles
- Subjects
REGULATORY reform ,TRADE regulation ,REFORMS ,BUSINESS - Abstract
Discusses the role of regional trading arrangements in overcoming regulation-related trade barriers in the field of trade in services. Importance of fostering market openness and regulatory reform; Strategy to reduce barriers to trade in services; Fundamental factor that facilitates market participation; Reforms made in the Mexican regulatory system.
- Published
- 2004
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