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[Objective] To understand the disease resistance of sugarcane parents, and the characteristics of disease occurrence, influencing factors, heritability of traits, and provide reference for disease resistance breeding in sugarcane. [Method] Two rounds of field disease resistance trial, including 463 sugarcane parents, were carried out in Dingdang Experimental Base of Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences ( hereinafter referred to as Dingdang), Experimental Base of Baise Agricultural Research Institute, Guangxi (hereinafter referred to as Baise) and Zizhong Experimental Base of Sichuan Institute of Agricultural Special Plants (hereinafter referred to as Zizhong), and analysis of variance, broad sense heritability calculation and cluster analysis were processed. [Result] There were 18, 17 and 15 sugarcane diseases were found in Dingdang, Baise and Zizhong, respectively. Except for mosaic and smut disease, the relatively severe diseases were brown stripe, red rot, ring spot, yellow spot and leaf blight disease, with a disease index greater than 10. 00. The result of analysis of variance showed that the significant influence factors of different diseases were different, and the proportion of interaction variance of most diseases was higher than that of main effect variance. In the joint analysis of variance within the experimental location, the disease with significant (P < 0. 05, the same as below) or extremely significant (P < 0. 01, the same as below) parental variance in Dingdang were ring spot, red rot, yellow spot, rust, brown spot, pokkah boeng and purple spot disease, in Baise were ring spot, yellow spot, red rot, pokkah boeng and leaf blight disease, in Zizhong was red stripe disease. The diseases with significant or extremely significant parental variance in all experimental locations were ring spot, yellow spot, red rot, leaf scorch and purple spot disease. The calculation of broad sense heritability showed that sugarcane white leaf disease was a medium heritability trait, white rash, rust, leaf spot, brown streak and leaf scorch disease were medium low heritability traits and leaf blight, red rot, pokkah boeng, purple spot, red streak, yellow spot, brown spot and banded sclerotial disease were low heritability traits. However, only ring spot, yellow spot, red rot, leaf scorch and purple spot disease had broad sense heritability in the joint analysis of variance, which could be selected through multi-year multi-location field trials. Parents from different breeding ages did not show sustained positive selection results, only brown stripe and leaf blight disease showed fluctuation; Parents from different sources had significant or extremely significant differences in the resistance to red rot, ring spot, eye spot and leaf blight disease, among them, the resistance of Guitang parents and Yuetang parents was poor, while the resistance of Taitang parents was good. The resistance of Ho parents to ring spot disease was good, while the resistance to red rot disease was poor; The CP parents had good resistance to ring spot and leaf blight disease, but poor resistance to red rot disease. Among the tested parents, 3. 02 % had better disease resistance, 26. 57 % had good disease resistance, 49. 03% had moderate disease resistance, 18.57% had poor disease resistance, and 2. 81% had poorer disease resistance. Among parents with good and better disease resistance, less than 10. 00% had good utilization performance in sugarcane breeding; Many parents with good utilization performance just had moderate disease resistance, even parents with poor or poorer disease resistance were widely used, affecting the improvement of sugarcane disease resistance breeding. [Conclusion] Sugarcane parents for disease resistance of ring spot, yellow spot, red rot, leaf scorch and purple spot disease could be selected through multi-year multi-location of field trials. Sugarcane parents susceptible to leaf scald, white leaf, white rash disease, red stripe, brown spot, brown stripe, banded sclerotial, pokkah boeng, rust, eye spot and leaf blight disease should be eliminated. Reasonable selection of sugarcane disease resistant parents and improvement of disease resistance evaluation methods are conducive to promote the improvement of sugarcane disease resistance breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]