16 results on '"Mary Rosa Rodrigues, de Marchi"'
Search Results
2. Low-cost Gent type sampler constructed for urban atmospheric aerosol sampling
- Author
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Bruno Trevizan, Franzin, Ossamu, Hojo, Maicon Roberto, Ferreira, Maria Cristina, Forti, Carlos Daniel, Meneghetti, Mary Rosa Rodrigues, de Marchi, Cristina Maria Roque Ramiro, de Oliveira, and Fernando Luis, Fertonani
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Aerosols ,Particle Size ,Brazil ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
The importance of studying the atmospheric pollution due to its effects on human health and other ecosystems, the inexistence of national production of equipment for air sample collection, and the high cost of the imported equipment (especially in developing countries) led the authors of the present work to construct a low-cost Gent type sampler. The construction of the sampler was carried out by combining low-cost materials with good mechanical strength (such as nylon 6.0), hydraulic piping PVC, and the use of a 3D printer. The innovation of the present work is the employment of a 3D printer using ABS polymer to create the grids that cannot be machined. In addition to the sampler, the system is composed of a vacuum pump, a gas meter, and a rotameter. The total cost of the sampling system amounted at about 1200 USD, and the cost of the manufactured Gent type sampler did not reach 100 USD. The results obtained while using this set for sampling atmospheric aerosol for a period of 11 months were compared with the mass concentration of PM
- Published
- 2020
3. Occurrence of flame retardants in landfills: A case study in Brazil
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Silvia Lacorte, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Tiago Gomes Aragão Belé, Joyce Cristale, Lacorte, Sílvia, Lacorte, Sílvia [0000-0001-7192-4057], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and IDAEA-CSIC
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Soil test ,Organophosphate esters ,Storage area ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Electronic waste ,Flame retardants ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ,Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Leachate ,Novel brominated flame retardants ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Contamination ,Water sample ,Waste Disposal Facilities ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Environmental Pollutants ,Landfill ,Groundwater ,Brazil ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Huge amounts of waste containing flame retardants reach landfills annually, which can result in environmental contamination if this type of solid residues is not properly managed. This study presents data concerning the occurrence of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and new brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in soil, dust, leachate and well water samples from a landfill in Brazil. Samples were collected in different points of the landfill site, including offices, concierge, electronic waste storage area, bulk waste storage area, a place where a recycling cooperative operates, leachate pound and wells. Most of the flame retardants (FRs) were quantified in soil samples (up to 2500 ng g−1). The tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) were present at the highest levels in the site where bulk waste was disposed in the open air. The most abundant brominated FRs in soil samples were BDE-99, BDE-209, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), and the highest levels were observed in the samples collected from the electronic waste storage area. Concerning dust samples, the highest levels of brominated FRs were observed in the electronic waste storage area, while the highest levels of OPFRs were observed in the landfill office. TCIPP, TDCIPP and tris(2-choroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were quantified in the well water sample collected downstream the bulk waste area. Finally, six OPFRs were quantified in leachate at concentrations ranging from 14 to 965 ng L−1. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that an improper management of wastes containing FRs in landfills can potentially contaminate the surrounding environment and groundwater., The authors acknowledges the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq – Brazil, grant number 401756/2013-0), the Program Science Without Borders (Brazil, grant number 313856/2013-3), the Foundation for Support of Science, Technology and Education (FACTE, Brazil), and the Spanish Research Council, Spain. This study has been done in the frame of the Spain-Brazil cooperation project COOP-B20361.
- Published
- 2019
4. Occurrence and human exposure to brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants via indoor dust in a Brazilian city
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Silvia Lacorte, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Joyce Cristale, Tiago Gomes Aragão Belé, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and IDAEA-CSIC
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,010501 environmental sciences ,Toxicology ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Risk Assessment ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Phosphates ,Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ,Organophosphorus Compounds ,Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers ,Humans ,Cities ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Flame Retardants ,Schools ,Chemistry ,Dust ,General Medicine ,Environmental exposure ,Environmental Exposure ,Contamination ,Pollution ,Organophosphates ,Human exposure ,Environmental chemistry ,Air Pollution, Indoor ,Gas chromatography ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Automobiles ,Brazil ,Bromobenzenes ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:15:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Indoor dust is considered an important human exposure route to flame retardants (FRs), which has arised concern due the toxic properties of some of these substances. In this study, ten organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and four new brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were determined in indoor dust from different places in Araraquara-SP (Brazil). The sampled places included houses, apartments, offices, primary schools and cars. The analysis of the sample extracts was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and two ionization techniques were used (electron ionization – EI; electron capture negative ionization – ECNI). OPFRs were the most abundant compounds and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), tris(phenyl) phosphate (TPHP), tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) were present at the highest concentrations. Among the brominated FRs, the most ubiquitous compounds were BDE-209, bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE). Statistical analysis revealed that there were differences among dust typologies for TBOEP, TDCIPP, ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP), BDE-209, 2-ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB), BEH-TEBP and DBDPE, which were attributed to different construction materials in each particular environment and to the age of the buildings. The highest levels of brominated FRs were observed in offices, TBOEP was at high concentration in primary schools, and TDCIPP was at high concentration in cars. A preliminary risk assessment revealed that toddlers were exposed to TBOEP levels higher than the reference dose when considering the worst case scenario. The results obtained in this study showed for the first time that although Brazil does not regulate the use of FRs, these substances are present in indoor dust at levels similar to the observed in countries that have strict fire safety standards, and that humans are exposed to complex mixtures of these contaminants via indoor dust. PBDEs, NBFRs and OPFRs were detected in indoor dust from houses, apartments, schools, offices and cars, and a risk associated to TBOEP exposure was estimated for toddlers. Department of Analytical Chemistry Institute of Chemistry UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Professor Francisco Degni 55 Department of Environmental Chemistry IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26 Department of Analytical Chemistry Institute of Chemistry UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Professor Francisco Degni 55 CNPq: 401756/2013-0
- Published
- 2018
5. Multiresidue determination and predicted risk assessment of contaminants of emerging concern in marine sediments from the vicinities of submarine sewage outfalls
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Rai S. Kookana, Renato M. Goncalves, Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Dayana Moscardi dos Santos, Mike Williams, Lucas M. Buruaem, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), and CSIRO Land and Water
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Aquatic Organisms ,Geologic Sediments ,Sewage ,010501 environmental sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Endocrine Disruptors ,Oceanography ,Quechers ,01 natural sciences ,Risk Assessment ,Aquatic organisms ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Ships ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Risk assessment ,Emerging contaminants ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Outfall ,Submarine ,Sediment ,Contamination ,Pollution ,0104 chemical sciences ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,business ,Brazil ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:52:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-04-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Submarine sewage outfalls (SSOs) are considered the main input source of contaminants of emerging concern continuously released in coastal areas, with the potential to cause adverse effects for aquatic organisms. This work presents the investigation of nine endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and 26 pharmaceutically active chemicals (PhACs) in marine sediments within the vicinities of 7 SSOs along the São Paulo State Coast (Brazil). Method optimization for the multi-residue determination by GC–MS/MS and LC-MS/MS using QuEChERS extraction/clean-up are discussed. Results demonstrate the occurrence of EDCs in concentrations ranging from less than method quantification limits (MQL) to 72.5 ng g−1 in sediments. All PhACs were
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- 2018
6. The occurrence of UV filters in natural and drinking water in São Paulo State (Brazil)
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Elissandro Soares Emídio, Claudia Pereira da Silva, and Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi
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Chlorinated water ,Ultraviolet Rays ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Sewage ,Aquatic organisms ,Toxicology ,Benzophenones ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ecotoxicology ,Groundwater ,business.industry ,Drinking Water ,General Medicine ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,Pollution ,Octocrylene ,Acrylates ,chemistry ,Cinnamates ,Bioaccumulation ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Water treatment ,Seasons ,business ,Sunscreening Agents ,Brazil ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) filters are widely used in the formulation of personal care products (PCPs) to prevent damage to the skin, lips, and hair caused by excessive UV radiation. Therefore, large amounts of these substances are released daily into the aquatic environment through either recreational activities or the release of domestic sewage. The concern regarding the presence of such substances in the environment and the exposure of aquatic organisms is based on their potential for bioaccumulation and their potential as endocrine disruptors. Although there are several reports regarding the occurrence and fate of UV filters in the aquatic environment, these compounds are still overlooked in tropical areas. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of the organic UV filters benzophenone-3 (BP-3), ethylhexyl salicylate (ES), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), and octocrylene (OC) in six water treatment plants in various cities in Southeast Brazil over a period of 6 months to 1 year. All of the UV filters studied were detected at some time during the sampling period; however, only EHMC and BP-3 were found in quantifiable concentrations, ranging from 55 to 101 and 18 to 115 ng L(-1), respectively. Seasonal variation of BP-3 was most clearly noticed in the water treatment plant in Araraquara, São Paulo, where sampling was performed for 12 months. BP-3 was not quantifiable in winter but was quantifiable in summer. The levels of BP-3 were in the same range in raw, treated and chlorinated water, indicating that the compound was not removed by the water treatment process.
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- 2015
7. Surface-sediment and hermit-crab contamination by butyltins in southeastern Atlantic estuaries after ban of TBT-based antifouling paints
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Dayana Moscardi dos Santos, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Alexander Turra, Fernando José Zara, and Bruno Sampaio Sant'Anna
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Pollution ,Geologic Sediments ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Hermit crab ,Biofouling ,Paint ,Organotin Compounds ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ecotoxicology ,media_common ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Sediment ,Biota ,Estuary ,General Medicine ,Contamination ,biology.organism_classification ,Fishery ,Environmental chemistry ,CARANGUEJO ,Environmental science ,Anomura ,Estuaries ,Brazil ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Disinfectants ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Butyltin (BT) contamination was evaluated in hermit crabs from 25 estuaries and in sediments from 13 of these estuaries along about 2,000 km of the Brazilian coast. BT contamination in hermit crabs ranged from 2.22 to 1,746 ng Sn g(-1) of DBT and 1.32 to 318 ng Sn g(-1) of TBT. In sediment samples, the concentration also varied widely, from 25 to 1,304 ng Sn g(-1) of MBT, from 7 to 158 ng Sn g(-1) of DBT, and from 8 to 565 ng Sn g(-1) of TBT. BTs are still being found in surface sediments and biota of the estuaries after the international and Brazilian bans, showing heterogeneous distribution among and within estuaries. Although hermit crabs were previously tested as an indicator of recent BT contamination, the results indicate the presence of contamination, probably from resuspension of BTs from deeper water of the estuary.
- Published
- 2014
8. Influence of sugar cane vinasse on the sorption and degradation of herbicides in soil under controlled conditions
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Carolina Lourencetti, Maria Lúcia Ribeiro, and Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi
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Herbicides ,Sugar cane ,Vinasse ,Sorption ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Hexazinone ,Saccharum ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Tebuthiuron ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Soil water ,Soil Pollutants ,Environmental science ,Adsorption ,Leaching (agriculture) ,Brazil ,Groundwater ,Environmental Monitoring ,Food Science - Abstract
This study reports the influence of sugar cane vinasse on the persistence, sorption and leaching potential of diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea), hexazinone (3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dione) and tebuthiuron (1-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,3-dimethylurea) in both a clay and sandy soil from a tropical area of Brazil. The experiments were conducted out under controlled laboratory conditions. The addition of sugarcane vinasse to soil influenced the persistence and sorption of the herbicides in both the studied clay and sandy soils, with a considerable decrease in the diuron DT₅₀ values in clay soil. The Ground Water Ubiquity Score (GUS) Index classifies the herbicides as leachers in both soils and treatments, with the exception of diuron, which is classified as a non-leacher in clay soil-vinasse and as a transient herbicide in sandy soil. These results suggest that special attention should be given to areas such as those where the sandy soil was collected in this study, which is a recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer and is likely to experience groundwater contamination due to the high leaching potential of the applied pesticides.
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- 2012
9. Distribution of butyltin compounds in Brazil's southern and southeastern estuarine ecosystems: assessment of spatial scale and compartments
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Rosalinda Carmela Montone, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Alexander Turra, Dayana Moscardi dos Santos, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
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0106 biological sciences ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Catfish ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Paint ,Organotin Compounds ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ecotoxicology ,Animals ,Ecosystem ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Abiotic component ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Aquatic ecosystem ,Tributyltin ,Fishes ,Sediment ,Estuary ,General Medicine ,Contamination ,Pollution ,SEDIMENTOLOGIA MARINHA ,chemistry ,Liver ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Trialkyltin Compounds ,Estuaries ,Brazil ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:54:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-08-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Sao Paulo State Foundation for Science, Technology and Education Support (FACTE) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Butyltin compounds (BTs), including tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products, dibutyltin and monobutyltin, have been found in a diversity of aquatic systems and causing toxic effects in target and nontarget organisms. They enter in coastal systems through different sources (as antifouling paints, industrial effluents, etc.) where they interact with biotic and abiotic components, and their distribution is commonly determined by the morphological and hydrodynamic conditions of the coastal systems. In this study, we discuss the contamination by BTs on a spatial scale (eight estuaries with three subareas each) and in different compartments of the estuaries (sediments, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and estuarine catfish tissues (liver and gills). Lower concentrations of BTs were found in the sediments (n.d. to 338 ng g(-1)) in comparison to studies before a ban of TBT in antifouling paints was enacted, mostly indicating an old input or preservation related with sediment properties and composition. For SPM samples (n.d. to 175 ng L-1) as well as in fish tissues (n.d. to 1426 ng g(-1)), the presence of these compounds was frequent, especially in the fish due to their movement throughout the estuaries and the potential to assess point sources of BTs. These results indicate that BTs persist in the environment, with variation in amounts between investigated estuaries and even at locations inside the same estuary, because of ideal preservation conditions, transport to remote areas, and input from different sources. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Chem, Dept Analyt Chem, R Francisco Degni 55, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Chem & Geol Oceanog, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol Oceanog, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Chem, Dept Analyt Chem, R Francisco Degni 55, BR-14800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2012/17898-7
- Published
- 2016
10. Mutagenic activity of airborne particulate matter (PM10) in a sugarcane farming area (Araraquara city, southeast Brazil)
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Sandro José de Andrade, Gener Tadeu Pereira, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Guilherme Julião Zocolo, Eliana Aparecida Varanda, and Soraya Duarte Varella
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Salmonella typhimurium ,Air pollution ,Fraction (chemistry) ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Ames test ,Air Pollution ,medicine ,Particle Size ,General Environmental Science ,Air filter ,Air Pollutants ,Mutagenicity Tests ,business.industry ,food and beverages ,Agriculture ,Particulates ,Saccharum ,Aerosol ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Particulate Matter ,business ,Brazil ,Genotoxicity ,Environmental Monitoring ,Mutagens - Abstract
Brazil contains 25% of the total land planted with sugarcane in the world and is thus one of the major producers. The annual burning of sugarcane fields prior to harvesting emits huge amounts of pyrogenic particles. Biomass burning is an important primary and secondary source of aerosol particles. The presence of carbonaceous particles in the inhalable size range makes it important to study this fraction in view of the possible effects on human health and the climate. In this study, the mutagenic activity associated with inhalable airborne particulate matter (PM 10 ) collected on air filters in a sugarcane-growing area near the city of Araraquara (SE Brazil) was determined. The extracts were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and tested for mutagenicity by the Ames plate incorporation test with Salmonella typhimurium YG1024 in the presence and absence of the S9 mixture. To assess the association between mutagenicity and PM 10 , samples were collected in sugarcane harvesting and non-harvesting periods of the year. Significant mutagenicity was detected in organic solvent extracts of all samples, with differences between the two periods. The highest values of mutagenic potency (13.45 and 5.72 revertants/m 3 of air in the absence and presence of the S9 mixture, respectively) were observed during the harvest. In this period, a Teflon™-coated glass-fiber air filter trapped 67.0 μg of particulate matter per m 3 of air. In the non-harvest period, on the same type of filter, only 20.9 μg of particulate matter was found per m 3 . The mutagenic potencies at this time were 1.30 and 1.04 revertants/m 3 of air, in the absence and presence of the S9 mixture, respectively. Period, concentration of PM 10 and mutagenicity were associated with each other. For routine monitoring of mutagenicity in the atmosphere, the use of YG1024 tester strain without metabolic activation (S9) is recommended.
- Published
- 2011
11. Organotin compounds in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Paraná, Brazil: Evaluation of biological effects, surface sediment, and suspended particulate matter
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Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Marco A. S. Carvalho-Filho, Eunice da Costa Machado, Ana F. L. Godoi, Dayana Moscardi dos Santos, Igor P. Araujo, and Marcos Antônio Fernandez
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Male ,Geologic Sediments ,Gastropoda ,Disorders of Sex Development ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,Biological effect ,Rivers ,Organotin Compounds ,Animals ,Seawater ,Sex Ratio ,Water pollution ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Chemical toxicity ,Water pollutants ,Environmental engineering ,Sediment ,Estuary ,Particulates ,Pollution ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Female ,Brazil ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Environmental Monitoring - Published
- 2009
12. Influence of sugarcane burning on indoor/outdoor PAH air pollution in Brazil
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Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Joyce Cristale, Guilherme Julião Zocolo, and Flávio Soares Silva
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Air Pollutants ,Indoor air ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Air pollution ,General Medicine ,Environmental Exposure ,Particulates ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pollution ,Saccharum ,Cancer risk assessment ,Environmental chemistry ,Air Pollution ,Air Pollution, Indoor ,medicine ,Environmental science ,Humans ,Indoor outdoor ,Seasons ,Cities ,Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ,Biomass burning ,Brazil ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
This work presents the influence of sugarcane burning on PAH levels and their profiles at a residence located in Araraquara (SP, Brazil), a city surrounded by sugarcane plantations. The average concentrations of total PAHs (ΣPAHs) associated with atmospheric particulate matter were higher during the burning period (ΣPAHs 22.9 ng m(-3)) than in the non-burning period (ΣPAH 2.35 ng m(-3)). A comparison of our results with previous studies regarding PAH levels and their profiles in Araraquara outdoor air indicated that sugarcane burning was the main PAH air source in the indoor harvesting season samples. The benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaP(eq)) was used for cancer risk assessment, and higher average values were obtained in the harvesting season air samples (1.7 ng m(-3)) than in the non-harvesting air samples (0.07 ng m(-3)). These findings suggest that sugarcane burning during the harvesting season can represent a public health risk in affected cities.
- Published
- 2012
13. Speciation of butyltin derivatives in surface sediments of three southern Brazilian harbors
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Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Cristiane Rossi de Oliveira, DayanaMoscardi dos Santos, and Luiz A. S. Madureira
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Biocide ,Geologic Sediments ,Environmental Engineering ,Chromatography, Gas ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Photometry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dry weight ,Rivers ,Organotin Compounds ,Environmental Chemistry ,Water pollution ,Waste Management and Disposal ,media_common ,Chemistry ,Sediment ,Pollution ,Speciation ,Environmental chemistry ,Tributyltin ,Gas chromatography ,Trialkyltin Compounds ,Surface water ,Brazil ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
For the first time, organotin compounds were determined in surface sediment samples collected from Sao Francisco do Sul, Itajai-Navegantes and Imbituba Harbors, located in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Butyltins (BTs) were determined by gas chromatography with a pulsed flame photometric detector (GC-PFPD) after being modified using the Grignard derivatization method. The concentrations of BTs derivatives ranged from n.d. to 1136.6 ng (Sn) g−1 of dry weight (dw) sediment for tributyltin (TBT), n.d. to 394.4 ng (Sn) g−1 dw for dibutyltin (DBT) and n.d. to 312.2 ng (Sn) g−1 dw for monobutyltin (MBT). The highest concentration of total BTs was found at the Itajai-Acu River dockyard, indicating intense inputs of antifouling paints to the environment. The relative difference in the BTs levels is a particular characteristic of sediments from harbors and may be related to the shipyards and the boat traffic which still use TBT-based antifouling paints.
- Published
- 2009
14. Residues of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in some Brazilian municipal solid waste compost
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Rodrigo Favoreto, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Carolina Lourencetti, and Maria Lúcia Ribeiro
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Chromatography, Gas ,engineering.material ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Dieldrin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ,Aldrin ,Pesticides ,Waste Products ,Persistent organic pollutant ,Pesticide residue ,Compost ,Pesticide Residues ,Polychlorinated biphenyl ,General Medicine ,Pesticide ,Pollution ,Polychlorinated Biphenyls ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,engineering ,Endrin ,Environmental Pollutants ,Brazil ,Food Science ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), listed as per the Stockholm Convention (alpha -HCH, beta -HCH, gamma -HCH, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, PCBs 28, 52, 118, 138, 153, and 180), were analyzed in municipal solid waste (MSW) compost samples from three different Brazilian composting plants located in three São Paulo State cities: Araras, Araraquara and São Paulo (Vila Leopoldinha). Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out using gas chromatography electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Ion Trap, electron impact ionization), respectively. The samples were analyzed in triplicate and the target POPs were not detected by GC-ECD. Twelve pollutants were identified in two samples when qualitative analysis (GC-MS) was used (beta -HCH, gamma -HCH, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDE, PCBs 28, 118, 138, 153 and 180). The composting process has advantages such as urban solid waste reduction and landfill life-span increase, however the MSW compost quality, which can be utilized for agricultural purposes, should be evaluated and be controlled. This kind of study is the first step in making available information to answer questions regarding MSW compost for sustainable agricultural use, such as the pollutants accumulation in soil and in groundwater, and plants uptake.
- Published
- 2007
15. Effects of genetic polymorphisms CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in sugarcane workers
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Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Lidia Maria da Fonte de Amorim, Rosa Maria do Vale Bosso, Nivea Conforti-Froes, Ana Rossini, Claudia M. A. Carareto, Sandro José de Andrade, and Antonio Ponce de Leon
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Adult ,Male ,Environmental Engineering ,1-hydroxypyrene ,Urinary system ,Urine ,Urinalysis ,Glutathione transferase ,Toxicology ,GSTP1 ,Urinary levels ,Combustion process ,Occupational Exposure ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ,Environmental Chemistry ,Humans ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Aged ,Glutathione Transferase ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Pyrenes ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,Agriculture ,Middle Aged ,Pollution ,Biotechnology ,Saccharum ,Glutathione S-Transferase pi ,Female ,Occupational exposure ,business ,Biomarkers ,Brazil ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Sugarcane workers in Brazil are exposed to various genotoxic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), derived from an incomplete combustion process of burnt sugarcane fields. The effects of the occupational exposure to sugarcane fields burning were measured in urine samples of sugarcane workers from the northwest of the State of São Paulo when exposed (harvesting) and when non-exposed (non-harvesting). The urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and the influence of the genetic polymorphisms CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 were evaluated. Our results showed that the 1-OHP levels were significantly higher (P0.0000) in the exposed sugarcane workers (0.318 mumol mol(-1) creatinine) than in the non-exposed workers (0.035 mumol mol(-1) creatinine). In an unvaried analysis, no influence regarding the polymorphisms was observed. However, multivariate regression analysis showed that the CYP1A1()4 polymorphism in the exposed group, and age and the GSTP1 polymorphism in the non-exposed group significantly influenced urinary 1-OHP excretion levels (P0.10). The same group of sugarcane workers was significantly more exposed to PAHs during the harvesting period than during the non-harvesting period.
- Published
- 2006
16. Chemopreventive activity of compounds extracted from Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae) Sw against DNA damage induced by particulate matter emitted by sugarcane burning near Araraquara, Brazil
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Flávio Soares Silva, Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi, Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani, Dulce Helena Siqueira Silva, C. M. Caliri, Isabel Cristiane da Silva, André Gonzaga dos Santos, Aline M. Prieto, Christiane Pienna Soares, Marcos Abdo Arbex, A. R. Csipak, and Alberto José Cavalheiro
- Subjects
Male ,Casearia ,Total suspended particulate ,Tradescantia ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Chemoprevention ,Diterpenes, Clerodane ,Mice ,Random Allocation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bone Marrow ,Casearia sylvestris ,Botany ,medicine ,Clerodane diterpene ,Animals ,Anticarcinogenic Agents ,Pharmacology ,Air Pollutants ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Micronucleus Tests ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Saccharum ,Plant Leaves ,Comet assay ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Micronucleus test ,DNA damage ,Particulate Matter ,Comet Assay ,Bone marrow ,Sugarcane burning ,Brazil ,Genotoxicity - Abstract
Ethanolic extract of Casearia sylvestris is thought to be antimutagenic. In this study, we attempted to determine whether this extract and casearin X (a clerodane diterpene from C. sylvestris) are protective against the harmful effects of airborne pollutants from sugarcane burning. To that end, we used the Tradescantia micronucleus test in meiotic pollen cells of Tradescantia pallida, the micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow cells, and the comet assay in mouse blood cells. The mutagenic compound was total suspended particulate (TSP) from air. For the Tradescantia micronucleus test, T. pallida cuttings were treated with the extract at 0.13, 0.25, or 0.50mg/ml. Subsequently, TSP was added at 0.3mg/ml, and tetrads from the inflorescences were examined for micronuclei. For the micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow cells and the comet assay in mouse blood cells, Balb/c mice were treated for 15days with the extract—3.9, 7.5, or 15.0mg/kg body weight (BW)—or with casearin X—0.3, 0.25, or 1.2mg/kg BW—after which they received TSP (3.75mg/kg BW). In T. pallida and mouse bone marrow cells, the extract was antimutagenic at all concentrations tested. In mouse blood cells, the extract was antigenotoxic at all concentrations, whereas casearin X was not antimutagenic but was antigenotoxic at all concentrations. We conclude that C. sylvestris ethanolic extract and casearin X protect DNA from damage induced by airborne pollutants from sugarcane burning.
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