1. ¬Transcranial direct current stimulation improves sleep quality in patients with insomnia after traumatic brain injury.
- Author
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Bakhshayesh Eghbali, Babak, Ramezani, Sara, Sedaghat Herfeh, Sina, Emir Alavi, Cyrus, Najafi, Kiomars, Esmaeeli Lipaei, Pedram, Eslamparast Kordmahalleh, Seddigheh, Hosseinpour Sarmadi, Vahid, Amini, Naser, and Ramezani Kapourchali, Fatemeh
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INSOMNIA treatment , *AGE distribution , *TREATMENT duration , *SEX distribution , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PLACEBOS , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *COMPARATIVE studies , *TRANSCRANIAL direct current stimulation , *BLIND experiment , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *BRAIN injuries , *STATISTICAL sampling , *DATA analysis software , *EVALUATION - Abstract
Insomnia is a serious problem after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and partially improves via sleeping pills. We investigated the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with a focus on the role of age and gender. In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 60 eligible TBI-induced insomnia patients were assigned to real and sham tDCS groups and were treated for three weeks. Sham but not real tDCS took sleeping pills for the first three weeks of the study and then used the placebo until the end of the study. The placebo was used by the real-tDCS group throughout the study. Sleep quality and insomnia severity were respectively evaluated by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at three time points. Real tDCS group reported lower mean ISI and PSQI scores at 3 weeks post treatment onset and maintained this decline for six weeks post treatment onset (P < 0.001). In younger participants and those identified as men, the treatment-induced attenuation of the mean PSQI score was reported higher and more lasting in real than sham tDCS groups. Gender and age-specific tDCS protocols may be warranted to optimize the therapeutic effect of tDCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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