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Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate effects MAPK proteins on hippocampal levels in two-generation male rat brain the prenatally exposure to 2450 MHz radiofrequencyelectromagnetic field (RF-EMF). Methods: Wistar Albino genus 12 female rats and 4 male rats were used this study. They were divided into a control and three exposure groups including a male and three female rats. The exposure groups were exposed by 2450 MHz RFEMF 12h/day through the experiment. Control group was not exposed.1st groups were exposed male rat but not exposed female rats. 2nd groups were exposed both male rat and female rats. 3th groups were not exposed male rat and were exposed female rats. Before 30 days from fertilization was exposed RF for 12 h/day. At the end of 30 days all groups were fertilized. When male rats were two months old, six male rats from each group were sacrificed under general anesthesia and hippocampus was taken. The hippocampal levels of selected kinases of all male rats were measured using Western Blotting technique. The other male and female rats were used in the second generation studies. Results: First generation male rats;There were statistical significantly difference between the control group and exposure groups in pERK level (p<0.05).But there were not statistical significantly difference between the control group and exposure groups in ERK, p38 and p-P38 levels. Second generation male rats;p-ERK and p-P38 MAPK levels were statistical significantly decreased in the 2nd group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Total protein levels were not statistical significantly difference between the control group and exposure groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Study findings confirmed that phosphorylation levels of pERK and p-P38 were significantly increased after EMF exposed in exposure groups. These findings indicated that EMF exposed rats may lead to changes in the function of the MAPK pathway affecting cognitive processes such as learning and memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the prenatal effects of 2450 MHz radiofrequency-electromagnetic field (RFEMF) exposure on development of brain tissue in rat fetus and on histopathological changes in female rats and on hippocampal levels of protein kinases including ERK/ MAPK and p38/38 in male rats. Methods: 12 Wistar Albino female rats (150-250 g) and 4 Wistar Albino male rats (250-350 g) were used this study. They were divided into a control and three exposure groups including a male and three female rats. The exposure groups were exposed by 2450 MHz EMF. Control group was not exposed. 1st groups were exposed male rat but not exposed female rats. 2nd groups were exposed both male rat and female rats. 3th groups were not exposed male rat and were exposed female rats. Exposing time was 12 hours for 30 days. At the end of 30 days all groups were fertilized. Brain of all fetus and all female rats were took 10% formaldehyde for histopathological evaluation. The hippocampal levels of selected kinases of all male rats were measured using Western Blotting technique. Results: There were statistical significant difference between the control group and exposure groups in pERK level (p<0.05).But there were not statistical significant difference between the control group and exposure groups in ERK, p38 and p-P38 levels.The histological appearance of the brain tissue of the control groups was normal. Females and fetuses exposed to EMF had irregular cortex-cellular placement and vascular dilatation in the 1st and 2nd groups compared to the control. Conclusion: Western blot analysis confirmed that the expression of pERK was significantly increased after EMF exposed in exposure rats, and thus can activated the ERK pathway which affected the function of learning and memory in rats. EMF can causes damage to both the fetus and the adult brain. Acknowledgments:This work was supported by the Erciyes University-The Scientific Research Projects of Turkey (ERUBAP); Project number: TCD-2017-7275. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]