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Lipids from the fresh aerial part, flowers, roots, and seeds of Ajuga turkestanica were studied. The contents, classes, and fatty-acid compositions of neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids of extracts and the compositions of free and bound lipids from seeds were established. Iridoids and traces of ecdysterone and flavonoids that co-extracted with the lipids and were characteristic of A. turkestanica were found in phospholipids of vegetative and generative plant organs.

Lipids from seeds with pericarp and leaves of Solenanthus circinnatus Ledeb. (Boraginaceae) were studied. The contents and class and fatty-acid compositions of neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids were established. The composition of unsaponified substances of lipids from seeds and leaves was determined. It was found that an insignificant part of S. circinnatus alkaloids was extracted with the lipids.

Lipids of seeds with pericarp and an admixture of the air-dried aerial part (AP) of Heliotropium lasiocarpum Fisch. et Mey. (Boraginaceae) were studied. The contents and component and fatty-acid compositions of neutral lipids, glycolipids, phospholipids, and strongly bound lipids were established. It was found that part of the alkaloids was extracted together with the lipids from these plant organs. The chromatographic mobility of the heliotrope alkaloids was determined under the lipid separation conditions.

Lipids of leaves, runners, and stems of Callisia fragrans were investigated. Classes of neutral, glyco-, and phospholipids and their fatty-acid compositions were determined. The contents of ascorbic acid and organic acids and chlorophyll and carotinoid pigments in various plant organs were established.

Lipids of Eminium Lehmannii leaves and tuber casings and cores were studied. Their class and fatty-acid compositions were determined. Leaf pigments were investigated.

Fruits of two varieties of Hippophae rhamnoides L. collected in Kyrgyzstan (I) and Uzbekistan (II) were investigated. Differences in their morphological and biochemical properties were demonstrated. Titrable acids, ascorbic acid, and protein dominated in the fruits of I. Pulp oil of II contained more free fatty acids (acid number 2.9 mg KOH) and carotinoids (419.3 mg%). The principal pulp acid was 16:1. Among the rarely encountered acids of pulp oil, an insignificant quantity of 16:2 was detected (1.2–4.6%). Seed oil of the studied specimens contained >40% of the essential acids 18:2 and 18:3 (vitamin F).

The lipid composition of ripe and green fruit of Hibiscus esculenthus cultivated in Uzbekistan was studied. The fatty-acid composition of pod and seed lipids was determined. Carbohydrate components including water-soluble polysaccharides, pectinic substances, and hemicellulose were characterized.

Lipids of the leaves, stems, and rhizomes with roots ofAcorus calamusL. were investigated. The neutral-lipid classes and fatty-acid composition of neutral-, glyco-, and phospholipids were determined. The essential oil content in the total lipids of A. calamus was established by steam distillation.

The compositions of classes and fatty acids inArum Korolkowiitubers are determined. The principal acids are 16:0, 18:1, and 18:2. Triterpenes, 4-monomethylsterol, and sterols are found among the unsaponified substances

The composition and amount of lipids in the seeds and leaves of the cotton plant of variety 6524 S over the vegetation periods have been investigated. The rate of biosynthesis of neutral lipids in cotton seeds in the 20-day period after flowering to the moment of maturation increases by a factor of 1.6 while the amounts of phospho- and glycolipids decrease by factors of 3.9 and 4.3, respectively. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids of the seeds and leaves have been determined.

Free and bound lipids from Helianthus tuberosus tubers were investigated. Neutral, glyco-and phospholipid classes and their fatty-acid compositions were determined. The composition of unsaponified substances was established.

A comparative study has been made of the lipid composition of defective and first-grade cotton seeds after their prolonged storage under industrial conditions. On the basis of the change in the lipids of the seeds subjected to thermal spoilage it is proposed to consider the process of spontaneous heating as a group of enzymatic processes taking place mainly in not fully ripe seeds when they are damaged by pathogenic microflora.

1. The physical and chemical properties and the fatty-acid and glyceride compositions of the oils of four plants of the family Malvaceae have been studied. They all belong to the palmito-oleo-linoleic group. 2. Their glyceride structure does not correspond to the principle of statistical distribution, since almost all the unsaturated-acid radicals are concentrated in the β position.

The physical and chemical properties of the oils of four plants —Erysimum gypsaceum,Brassica campestris,Crambe schugnana, andCamelina rumelica — have been determined. Their fatty-acid and glyceride compositions have been established. In these triglycerides, erucic acid occupies only the α,α' positions. Erucic acid has been isolated from the mixed fatty acids ofErysimum gypsaceum.