Search

The recent treatment of Triticum by Mac Key (2005) (broad species concept) is compared to the classical treatment by Dorofeev et al. (1979, English translation expected) (narrow species concept). A detailed infraspecific treatment was abandoned by Mac Key. Following his revision, names for many of the infraspecific taxa become obsolete. This is regarded to be a disadvantage for biodiversity and genetic resources studies. We propose maintaining ×Triticosecale Wittm. as a nothogenus, with ×T. rimpaui Wittm. for octoploid races, ×T. neoblaringhemii A. Camus for hexaploid races and ×T. semisecale (Mac Key) K. Hammer et A. Filat. (new combination) for tetraploid races.

The continued cultivation of Lupinus pilosus L. as an endemic coffee substitute in the mountain village of Altrei, South Tyrol, located in the Val di Fiemme/Fleimstal valley ca. 24 km south of Bolzano/Bozen, since the middle of the nineteenth century is demonstrable. Former reports of cultivation of Lupinus cosentinii Guss. and L. varius auct., non L. for this purpose in Tyrol could refer to L. pilosus as well. The cultural history of the rare crop is summarized up to its recent revival.

Nuclear DNA amounts of 118 cultivated fonio accessions representing 94 landraces collected from the major growing areas of West-Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali and Togo) and eight accessions of four wild relatives were investigated by Laser flow cytometry. In cultivated species, average 2C-values ranged from 1.848 ± 0.031 pg for Digitaria iburua to 1.956 ± 0.004 pg for D. exilis. In D. exilis landraces the chromosome number was determined at 2n = 36. The closely related wild species D. longiflora and D. ternata showed similar 2C DNA contents of 1.869 ± 0.035 pg and 1.775 ± 0.070 pg, respectively. Distinctly larger genomes were identified for more distant species D. lecardii and D. ciliaris with 2.660 ± 0.070 pg and 2.576 ± 0.030 pg per 2C nucleus, respectively. Intra-specific variations were found to be slight and insignificant, suggesting genome size stability mainly within the cultivated gene pool. These results support the distance of cultivated fonio species D. exilis and D. iburua from D. lecardii and D. ciliaris as well as their close relationships with D. longiflora and D. ternata. Relevance of the results for ploidy level considerations in fonio millets is discussed.

Eryngium caucasicum was found as a new cultivated vegetable plant in home gardens in northern Iran. Young leaves are used as a cooked vegetable and for flavouring in the preparation of several local foods.

— Agenome size of 2C = 235 Mbp and the chromosomal positions of the 5S and 45S rDNA were determined for the perennial, low-chromosome grass Colpodium versicolor (2n = 4). Based on taxonomical and cytological data we suggested previously that C. versicolor represents a putative donor of one of the two parental genomes of the allotetraploid grass Zingeria trichopoda (2n = 8). To test this hypothesis sequence comparison of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 -region (part of the 18S rDNA) and genomic in situ hybridization were performed. Although the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences of C. versicolor and Z. trichopoda are highly similar, genomic in situ hybridization of Z. trichopoda with labeled genomic DNA of C. versicolor did not result in a subgenome-specific labeling of Z. trichopoda chromosomes. Thus, the contemporary species C. versicolor is a closely related but not the direct ancestor of the allopolyploid species Z. trichopoda.

Summary Early floral organogenesis has been investigated in a number of Allium species from various subgenera and sections (A. ramosum, A. angulosum, A. galanthum, A. sphaerocephalon, A. oreophilum, A. cernuum, A. moly). Comparative studies and earlier results show a considerable uniform pattern of the sequence of floral organ inception in the genus as a whole. Fusion of extended filament bases and shifting outwards of the originally inner stamina has been observed in Allium oreophilum after stamina differentiation only. A disturbance of alternation in the androeceum has been detected in Allium kujukense, A. umbilicatum, and A. ferganicum as well. Those configurations and that of Trillium apetalon can be described by the term “obdiplostemony”, applied in a broad sense also to flowers with a perianth, not differentiated into calyx and corolla. According to this definition, mature flowers with two stamen whorls are obdiplostemoneous in the case of an interrupted alternation between androeceum and perianth, with stamina of the outer stamen whorl opposite the parts of the inner whorl of the floral envelope and/or stamina of the inner stamen whorl opposite the parts of the outer whorl of the floral envelope. In the genus Allium obdiplostemony occurs in several subgenera and sections of different flower traits. In the case of Allium oreophilum and A. kujukense however, a special type of obdiplostemony suggests a close relationship.

New Potentilla synonyms of the Fragaria species names are discussed and considered to be dispensable. Further unnecessary nomenclatural changes based on the argument to recognize monophyletic but not paraphyletic taxa should be avoided to maintain nomenclatural stability for global communication about plant genetic resources. The new combination Fragaria×rosea (Mabb.) K. Hammer et Pistrick is presented for the hybrid Potentilla palustris (L.) Scop. ×Fragaria×ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier.

Calamintha nepeta and Micromeria thymifolia have been traditionally used in the Mediterranean area as condiments and medicinal plants for a long time. Whereas in parts of Italy C. nepeta (special recipes have been developed in Lazio and Tuscany) is also an established garden plant showing different evolutionary products and their interaction among each other and the wild progenitor, M. thymifolia is being developed into a new crop plant. Both plants and their uses are described with regard to Italy. There is a marked tendency to broaden the use of condiments and spices which results in new crop plants which have to be documented and elaborated in further studies. Many species of Labiatae are predisposed to use by man and new items can be found even in areas which have to be considered as well studied.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1987 and 1988 were compiled and briefly discussed.

Eine Sammelreise von Mitarbeitern des Instituts fur Botanik Ulan-Bator und des Zentralinstituts fur Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung Gatersleben in den Osten der MVR vom Juli/August 1987 galt der weiteren Inventarisierung der Gefaspflanzen dieses Gebiets und den indigenen Wildsippen der GattungAllium L. im besonderen. Uber Verlauf und erste Ergebnisse der Expedition wird kurz berichtet. DieAllium-Pflanzgutproben werden aufgelistet. Fur verschiedene Arten(Allium macrostemon, A. neriniflorum, A. condensatum, A. polyrrhizum, A. mongolicum, A. ramosum) folgen Bemerkungen zur systematischen Stellung, Verbreitung und Standortscharakteristik in der Ostmongolei. Auf Nutzung und Kultur mongolischerAllium-Arten wird abschliesend kurz eingegangen.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1979 and 1980 were put together and briefly discussed.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1983 and 1984 were complied and briefly discussed.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1985 and 1986 were compiled and briefly discussed.

Auf einer Reise in die westliche Slowakei konnte interessantes Material seltener Kulturpflanzen und Landsorten gesammelt werden (insgesamt 594 Proben, insbesondere Getreide und Leguminosen). Viele dieser Formen sind im Gebiet unmittelbar vom Aussterben bedroht.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1986 and 1987 were compiled and briefly discussed.

Summary Allium sect. Porphyroprason is a monotypic section comprising the species A. oreophilum, a petrophyte of the (sub)alpine belt from the Turkestanian Floristic Subregion with a few further localities in E Anatolia, E Caucasus and Dagestan. It is a summer-ephemeroidal plant which has been described in regard to its growth form, growing rhythm, anatomy (leaves, scape), testa structure and karyology. — The discussion of character relations of the species revealed several hints but morphological, anatomical, chorological and especially serological data advocate most strongly the inclusion of the section into subgen. Melanocrommyum. However it occupies a rather isolated position within this subgenus.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1984 and 1985 were compiled and briefly discussed.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1981 and 1982 were compiled and briefly discussed.

Allium-Arten gehoren zu den regelmasig und traditionell von der mongolischen Bevolkerung genutzten Wildpflanzen, die vor allem als Wurzmittel fur die sonst vorzugsweise auf tierischen Produkten beruhende Kost dienen. Besondere Bedeutung haben dabeiA. altaicum, A. victorialis undA. ramosum, bei denen die Sammlung von Zwiebeln bzw. oberirdischer Pflanzenteile nicht nur fur den individuellen Bedarf, sondern auch fur die Marktversorgung erfolgt. Als Ausgangsmaterial zur Herstellung eines Winterkraftfutters sindA. polyrrhizum undA. mongolicum in den Halbwustengebieten der MVR von hohem wirtschaftlichem Wert. Bei einigen Arten(A. altaicum, A. macrostemon) hat die intensive Nutzung zur Verringerung der naturlichen Bestande gefuhrt.

Das wahrend der Reise in ein Gebirgsgebiet der westlichen Slowakei 1981 (vgl.Kuhn et al. 1982) gesammelte Kulturpflanzenmaterial wird botanisch charakterisiert. Es handelt sich uberwiegend um Landsorten, alte Sortentypen und Kultursippen von oft sehr hoher Variabilitat, deren Anbau meist in raschem Ruckgang begriffen ist. Charakteristische indigene Formen konnten u. a. noch beiTriticum aestivum, Avena sativa, Papaver somniferum, Pisum sativum undPhaseolus vulgaris nachgewiesen werden. Bemerkenswert ist das Vorkommen ausgesprochener Reliktkulturen (z. B.Triticum dicoccon, Secale cereale var.multicaule, Panicum miliaceum, Cicer arietinum, Lathyrus sativus undFagopyrum esculentum). Die Gebirgsregion gehort zum Erhaltungsgebiet autochthoner Kulturpflanzen-Sippen in den Westkarpaten. Das rasche Fortschreiten der Generosion last eine baldige Fortfuhrung der Sammeltatigkeit notwendig erscheinen.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1980 and 1981 were compiled and briefly discussed.

Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1982 and 1983 were compiled and briefly discussed.